DE102018115356A1 - Coupling element with anchoring structure for a foam component - Google Patents

Abstract

A coupling element of an at least two-part coupling, in particular a plug-in coupling, which has the following features: a first connection structure with which a connection to a second connection structure of a second coupling element can be established, an anchoring structure that can be anchored in a hardenable component material, the first connection structure and the anchoring structure is connected to one another and forms an elongate construction with a longitudinal axis, in which the anchoring structure comprises at least one perforated wall section that extends at an acute angle or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the coupling element, and / or comprises at least one perforated shaft that is at least partially at an acute angle or parallel runs to the longitudinal axis of the coupling element, wherein in the anchoring structure the wall section and / or the shaft have / has at least one through opening which is normal to or inclined to he normal of the wall section or which runs / runs transverse or inclined to the shaft.

Description

Field of the Invention

The present invention relates to a coupling element of an at least two-part coupling with a connecting structure and an anchoring structure which is particularly adapted to foam components. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a coupling consisting of a female coupling element and a male coupling element of the type described above. In addition, the present invention discloses a connection between two components via this coupling and a manufacturing method for the coupling elements and a component with a coupling element.

Background of the Invention

Couplings for connecting a first and a second component are generally known in the prior art and are in widespread use. An illustrative example is a plug-in coupling with a male and a female coupling element. The male coupling element is formed by a pin with a ball head, while the female coupling element usually consists of a ball socket for receiving the ball head. To fasten the coupling elements in components made of a solid material, such as plastic, wood or metal, these coupling elements are screwed in, glued in or otherwise fastened therein.

Another possibility of fastening such coupling elements is to insert them into an opening of a component, to snap them into place or to glue them in place. For this purpose, the coupling element has an anchoring structure that is adapted to different materials and fastening principles.

For example, describes DE 10 2012 215 587 A1 an anchoring structure with an approximately cylindrical surface. In addition, this lateral surface is contoured in wave form. This waveform, which is present in the circumferential direction, forms an anti-rotation device for the fastened element. In addition, circumferential notches are provided in the anchoring structure. These notches in turn form an axial undercut, which prevents the fastened element from being pulled out of the component. Particularly materials of lower density, such as foamed plastics, do not find sufficiently large holding surfaces in this structuring of the anchoring structure to reliably secure the element.

In DE 10 2010 054 094 B3 and in DE 10 2008 061 463 B4 are described anchoring structures that are conical or frustoconical. The laterally widening anchoring structure is arranged with respect to a component opening in such a way that it supports the pull-out strength of an element arranged therein. In order to support the torsional strength of an element arranged in the component, the cone-like structures mentioned are used instead of conical structures. This design supports the pull-out strength of elements arranged in this way. With regard to the torsional strength and the use in large-pore materials or foam materials, these elements are disadvantageous due to their regular shape and low holding forces.

For fixing in a component opening describes US 4,318,208 an anchoring structure with cross-shaped flexible crossbars. These crosspieces extend in the radial direction from a central shaft, at the end of which a spherical head is arranged. These crosspieces are supported on the bore wall and deform in the radial direction.

A similar construction and fastening principle of a ball pin is disclosed WO 2016/193 232 , The ball pin described here is anchored in a component made of foamed material. For this purpose, the anchoring structure disclosed here also has a central shaft, from which webs extend in a cross-shaped arrangement in the radial direction. While a component is being foamed, the component material penetrates the spaces between the radial webs and surrounds the anchoring structure of the ball pin.

As can already be seen from the regular arrangement of the radial webs which extend in the shape of a cross, they mainly form a pull-out protection in the axial direction of the ball pin. Only the lateral end faces of the radial webs arranged in the form of a cross contribute to securing against rotation. Practice has shown that this cruciform arrangement loosens precisely when subjected to vibrations in a component made of foamed material and does not provide reliable support. This also applies to a cross structure, which is also disclosed and which, although it has a larger radial expansion, does not provide the higher holding forces hoped for in a foamed component.

DE 200 01 437 U1 describes a mounting arrangement for a sandwich panel. This sandwich panel is formed by a honeycomb structure in which the fastening element is first inserted. The honeycomb structure is then filled with synthetic resin, in which the Anchoring structure of the element should be attached appropriately. The element described here also comprises a central shaft, from which only four webs extend in a cross shape in the radial direction. At the same time, these webs form anti-rotation and pull-out protection from the synthetic resin matrix of the later component. A perforated plate delimiting the fastening element in the axial direction delimits the fastening element to the outside. The openings provided in the perforated plate serve to introduce the synthetic resin into the honeycomb structure in order to produce the component, but not to perform a fastening function.

US 2015/0034040 A1 describes a female coupling element with a ball socket for receiving a correspondingly designed ball head, for example a ball pin. The female coupling element has a frustoconical shape. Since the circumferentially larger side of this conical shape is directed outwards with respect to the component, the conical shape does not contribute to holding the coupling element in the foamed component. Only a circumferential flange is arranged on the axial end of the female coupling element directed into the interior of the component in order to achieve sufficient fastening of the female coupling element in the foamed component. However, due to its round shape, this flange has little resistance to twisting of the coupling element. The pull-out resistance of the coupling element from the surrounding foamed component material is also only provided by the radially projecting flange. It follows from this that loosening of the coupling element from the foamed component material is already supported due to low mechanical loads, such as, for example, by component vibrations of the components connected to one another via the coupling element. Strikes US 2015/0034040 A1 propose to equip the circumferentially arranged and foamed-in flange with a rough surface or with openings or with an irregular shape, which, however, can only slightly improve the pull-out strength of the coupling element. This is because corresponding openings in the circumferential flange would be oriented in the pull-out direction in the event of a tensile load on a ball head from the coupling element. Thus, even a foamed material arranged in these openings would only marginally improve the pull-out strength of the coupling element.

Because of the disadvantages of the anchoring structures described above with regard to a reliable fastening in components consisting of foamed materials, it is the object of the present invention to provide an anchoring structure of a coupling element which is improved compared to the prior art. Accordingly, it is also an object of the present invention to provide such a coupling element, a coupling with at least one such coupling element and a component connection using such a coupling.

Summary of the invention

The above object is achieved by a coupling element according to independent claim 1, by a coupling according to independent claim 17, by a connection between a first and a second component via the aforementioned coupling according to independent claim 18, by a manufacturing method for an above-mentioned coupling element according to independent claims 19 and 20 and by a manufacturing method of a component with such a coupling element according to independent claim 22. Advantageous refinements and developments of the present invention will become apparent from the following description, the accompanying drawings and the appended claims.

The coupling element according to the invention of an at least two-part coupling, in particular a plug-in coupling, has the following features: a first connection structure with which a connection to a second connection structure of a second coupling element can be established, an anchoring structure that can be anchored in a hardenable component material, the first Connection structure and the anchoring structure are connected to one another, preferably thereby forming an elongated construction, and defining or forming a longitudinal axis of the coupling element, in which the anchoring structure of the coupling element comprises at least one perforated wall section which runs at an acute angle or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the coupling element, and / or comprises at least one perforated shaft, which extends at least partially at an acute angle or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the coupling element, the wall section and / or de in the anchoring structure r Shank have / has at least one through opening which runs normal to or inclined to a normal of the wall section or which runs / runs transversely or inclined to the shaft.

The coupling element is composed of two structural components that are firmly connected to one another, namely the connecting structure and the anchoring structure. The anchoring structure serves to fasten the coupling element in a component. The connection structure is used for connection to a connection structure that is shaped or designed to match, such as a ball socket and ball head. A component for receiving and for reliably holding the anchoring structure is preferably made of a curable material, such as a foam, resin, liquid plastic or the like. For this purpose, structural features are provided in the anchoring structure, which ensure reliable fastening and a reliable hold in the manufactured component against external mechanical loads. Above all, the anchoring structure provides that the hardenable material of the component not only rests on the outside of the anchoring structure but also completely penetrates it in selected through openings. This penetration ensures that the anchoring structure is anchored in the component material in all spatial directions. This ensures additional stability of the anchored coupling element despite mechanical loads in the component and compared to coupling elements without such through openings.

The connection structure and the anchoring structure are preferably regarded as two construction modules which are combined with one another, preferably as an integral coupling element, according to the application. According to a first preferred construction method, which is also shown in detail in the attached drawings and explained in the description, the anchoring structure and the connecting structure are arranged one behind the other. Because of this arrangement, they form an elongated construction with the longitudinal axis explained below as the central axis. Correspondingly, in a large part of the preferred embodiments of the coupling element, the longitudinal axis also forms the axis of symmetry of the elongate construction of the coupling element and of the connection structure and the anchoring structure arranged one behind the other. Since, in some preferred configurations of the anchoring structure, a shaft or a wall section is preferably arranged inclined to the longitudinal axis of the coupling element, the symmetry is broken. As a result, the longitudinal axis is not the axis of symmetry in these cases.

The preferred anchoring structure comprises various structural configurations which result in an annular or sleeve-like structure. An internal cavity is preferably present in these structures, and its size or diameter can be adjusted appropriately depending on the practical application. This flexibility in the construction of the anchoring structure opens up the possibility of pushing the connecting structure and the anchoring structure over one another in a sleeve-like manner or arranging them partially overlapping one another. As a result, the length of the coupling element is preferably reduced, which is particularly applicable to female connection structures, preferably a ball socket. Because preferably the ball socket can be surrounded as a connection structure by anchoring elements. These anchoring elements preferably include perforated wall sections and / or radial webs running around the connection structure with and without through openings and radially aligned flanges with and without through openings.

The nesting of a connection structure arranged radially on the inside and an anchoring structure arranged radially on the outside also defines a longitudinal axis of the coupling element. The longitudinal axis preferably coincides with an axis of symmetry of the coupling element and its structural components, connection structure and anchoring structure. Correspondingly, the respective longitudinal axis of the connection structure and the anchoring structure are arranged collinear to the longitudinal axis of the coupling element without forming an elongated structure.

According to different configurations of the present invention, the anchoring structure is realized by at least one wall section with openings and / or by a shaft with openings. As has already been indicated above, the curable component material penetrates the openings or through openings during the manufacture of the component, in order in this way to fasten the coupling element against mechanical loads from a wide variety of spatial directions.

The combination of anchoring structure and connecting structure forms a preferably elongated coupling element, which can be characterized by a longitudinal axis. In this elongated construction of the coupling element, the anchoring structure is not necessarily aligned parallel to the longitudinal axis of the coupling element. This is because, in various preferred configurations, the shaft and / or the at least one wall section are inclined to the longitudinal axis of the coupling element.

It is also preferred to choose the course direction of the through openings through the web and / or the wall section differently. In this way, different directions of loading of the coupling element can be specifically derived into the component material. Thus, the through openings run through the shaft and / or the wall section transversely to the shaft or normal to the wall section. In the same way, it is also preferred that the course directions of the through openings are inclined to the normal direction of the wall section or inclined to the longitudinal axis of the coupling element or transversely or inclined to Arrange the direction of the shaft. In this way, the pull-out strength of the anchoring structure and thus of the entire coupling element from the component is increased. This is particularly important for plug-in couplings when they have to be released. This is because the component material flows into these through openings, hardens there and, in a figurative sense, thereby forms retaining webs in the component for the coupling element.

The connection structure of the coupling element is formed by a male or female construction, such as a ball head and a ball socket. In this context, it is also conceivable to combine other suitable coupling constructions with the anchoring structure. For example, a further preferred embodiment of the connection structure consists in a receptacle for a permanent magnet. If the opposite connection structures within a coupling each have a permanent magnet, the coupling can be connected via the attractive force of the permanent magnets.

According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anchoring structure of the coupling element according to the invention has only one perforated shaft running in the longitudinal direction, which, adjacent to at least one circumferential radial collar, preferably arranged between two radial collars, comprises at least one through opening that runs through the shaft.

In the construction of the preferred anchoring structure described above, this is formed by a perforated shaft. At least one radial collar extends radially outward from this shaft like an umbrella. The connection structure and this anchoring structure of the coupling element are preferably arranged parallel to the longitudinal axis. If a practical arrangement requires it, it is also preferred to arrange the shaft of the anchoring structure inclined to the longitudinal axis of the coupling element. This design is advantageous if the component is, for example, angled or has curvatures or other shapes that deviate from a plane. In this case there can also be mechanical loads on the coupling element fastened in the component, which are oriented as desired to the surface of the component. In this case, it is advantageous if the anchoring structure or the shaft used preferably extends at an acute angle from the longitudinal axis of the coupling element or in a manner similar to the direction of loading of the coupling element and is correspondingly anchored in the component. Since the radial collar extends from the shaft in the radial direction, it preferably forms an undercut against tensile loads along the longitudinal axis or along the orientation of the shaft. This undercut complements the anchoring in the component material, which penetrates, for example, the through openings of the shaft. In this context, it is also preferred to provide the at least one radial collar with through openings. These are then penetrated by the component material in order to realize an additional fastening of the coupling element. The through openings in the radial collar preferably run inclined to the course of the shaft or inclined to the direction of extension of the coupling element from the component. As a result, they preferably achieve additional holding forces compared to through openings in the normal direction of the radial collar.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the coupling element according to the invention, the shaft is at least partially hollow. This constructive configuration opens up the possibility that material that can be hardened during component production also flows into the interior of the shaft. As soon as it has hardened there, it preferably also contributes to fastening the coupling element in the component material. This construction is particularly advantageous if the component consists of foamed material, for example. In this case, the foam that has penetrated into the cavity also supports the coupling element or the shaft from the inside.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the coupling element according to the invention, a flange is provided between the connection structure and the anchoring structure, which runs transversely to the shaft and which connects a plurality of flat transverse ribs, which are arranged transversely to the flange, between an underside of the flange and the shaft.

The preferred flange comprises a flat structure, which preferably forms part of the outer interface of the component produced. The connection structure protrudes beyond this interface in order to be connected to a suitably required connection structure. At the same time, this shaft preferably serves to discharge compressive stresses in the axial direction of the coupling element into the surrounding component material with respect to the coupling element. In order to realize further anchoring and fastening of the coupling element, for example against loads caused by a torque, the above-mentioned transverse ribs are provided. These are connecting surfaces that extend between the underside of the radial collar and the shaft. These surface elements thus form resistance surfaces against attempted rotation of the coupling element about its longitudinal axis. Another preferred Anchoring the coupling element in the context of the transverse ribs is also preferred to provide them with at least one through opening. Accordingly, the curable component material penetrates into the through opening during the production of the component and the anchoring of the coupling structure in this component. The anchoring achieved in this way not only provides for an increased resistance of the coupling element against rotating loads, but also for an improved hold against a possible pulling out of the coupling element from the component.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the coupling element according to the invention, the at least one of the transverse ribs thus has one or a plurality of through openings. Furthermore, at least one of the radial collars mentioned above preferably has at least one through opening and / or comprises a regular or an irregular contour on a radial outside. Such a contour is formed, for example, by a toothing or a wave shape that supports additional anchoring in the component material.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the coupling element according to the invention, the wall section of the anchoring structure is designed to run completely around the longitudinal axis of the coupling element and comprises a plurality of through openings. In this preferred embodiment of the coupling element, the circumferential wall section is combined with the connection structure solely as an anchoring structure. In the same way, it is also preferred to combine the peripheral wall section within the anchoring structure with the perforated shaft discussed above. In this case, the wall section and the perforated shaft together contribute to anchoring the coupling element in the component material.

Since the wall section preferably extends completely around the longitudinal axis of the coupling element, a relatively large fastening surface for curable material of the component is thereby provided. If the component consists of foamed material, for example, the foam material is compressed at the interface between the foam material and the wall section. This compression ensures a stronger hold or a stronger connection between the anchoring structure and the adjacent component material. This hold is additionally reinforced by the fact that one or a plurality of through openings are provided in the wall section. This is because these through openings also provide further surface segments to which the component material can attach.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the circumferential wall section is arranged in the manner of a truncated cone with respect to the longitudinal axis with an internal cavity or a hollow cylinder. It is precisely the preferred frustoconical arrangement of the wall section that ensures that the region of the anchoring structure that is located deepest in the component has the greatest lateral extent. In the event of a pull-out load on the coupling element from the component, this shaping of the wall section requires a radial displacement of component material, which makes it difficult to pull the coupling element out of the component. The likewise preferred hollow cylindrical arrangement of the wall section ensures that the largest possible area of the wall section can be used for the connection to the component material. This is because the component material, such as foamed material, is deposited on the inside and outside of the hollow cylindrical shape of the wall section. The inside and the outside thus contribute to a reliable hold of the coupling element in the component.

The circumferential wall section further preferably has a first and a second radial collar in the axial direction. According to a preferred embodiment of this construction, the circumferential wall section is axially delimited by these two radial collars. However, it is also preferred to arrange the radial collars at any axial position of the circumferential wall section. Since the radial collar protrudes from the wall section in the radial direction, it forms an additional undercut against a pull-out load of the coupling element from the component.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the coupling element according to the invention, the anchoring structure comprises at least three cross-shaped or radiating wall sections which run in the longitudinal direction of the coupling element or inclined to this longitudinal axis of the coupling element.

In this embodiment, the anchoring structure is formed by surface elements, which preferably extend in a straight line. These rectilinear surface elements run parallel to the longitudinal axis of the coupling element or inclined to this longitudinal axis. The inclination of the surface elements contributes to securing against pull-out, which is comparable to the effect of the conically shaped anchoring element. To support the anchoring of the coupling element with the aid of these flat and straight surface elements, they have at least one or a plurality of through openings. The curable material of the component also cures in these through openings by one to realize additional attachment of the coupling element in the component material.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anchoring structure has two wall sections with a plurality of through openings and two wall sections with a lateral toothing. In addition to the through openings, the lateral teeth also provide additional surface areas on which a connection between the component material and the coupling element can be realized.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the arranged wall sections of the anchoring structure are delimited in the axial direction by a first and a second radial collar.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the anchoring structure has at least one, preferably only one, wall section running parallel or inclined to the longitudinal axis of the coupling element and having a plurality of through openings. This wall section preferably achieves an additional hold of the coupling element through the through openings provided in the wall section. To increase the fastening of the coupling element in the component, it is also preferred to provide at least one web oriented on the surface of the wall section that is normal to the wall section and that does not run straight or curvilinear parallel to the longitudinal axis of the coupling element. The at least one web is also preferably designed to run continuously and surrounds the plurality of through openings of the wall section.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the coupling element according to the invention, the connection structure is a female connection structure, in particular a ball socket, or a male connection structure, in particular a ball head. In addition to this configuration of a mechanical connection structure, that is to say two matching or complementary connection structures, it is also preferred to provide the connection structure with, for example, magnets or other coupling means. Correspondingly, the connection structure could also implement a bayonet lock, a snap-in connection, a screw connection, a positive connection or a non-positive connection between two coupling elements. It is not necessary for both coupling elements to have the properties of the anchoring structure detailed above. Because only the coupling element anchored in the component made of hardenable material requires anchoring structure discussed above for a reliable connection. The other coupling element can be fastened to another component with other fastening options.

The present invention also comprises a coupling consisting of a first, preferably a male, and a second, preferably a female, coupling element, of which at least one coupling element is designed according to one of the above-described embodiments of the coupling element.

Furthermore, the present invention discloses a connection between a first and a second component via a coupling, of which at least the first component is made of a curable, in particular a foamed, material and anchored therein a first coupling element according to one of the configurations described above and the second component is connected to a coupling element and a connecting structure designed to be complementary to the first coupling element.

The coupling elements described above are particularly suitable for components that consist of hardenable materials. These are, in particular, honeycomb structures which are cast, for example, with synthetic resin, adhesive or another hardenable material. Another alternative material consists of foam-like component materials. In order to produce a component, the component is foamed and cured in an appropriate form. Since the anchoring structure of the coupling element is preferably also arranged in the mold, the foamed component material is positioned around the anchoring structure and penetrates it in cavities. The foam is compacting at the interfaces to the anchoring structure of the coupling element. After the foamed material has hardened, there is a component with a coupling element anchored therein and thus securely fastened.

The present invention also includes a manufacturing method for a coupling element, which has been described above according to different embodiments. The production method has the following steps: providing an injection mold with complementary shape features in comparison to the coupling element, injection molding the coupling element and demolding the coupling element from the injection mold.

Another manufacturing method according to the invention for the coupling element provides the following steps: Providing an industrial computer for operating a 3D printer or a laser according to the shape features of the Coupling element, processing a layered data model of the coupling element with the 3D printer or the laser in an additive manufacturing process with plastic, composite material or metal as processing material and reworking the coupling element produced in the additive manufacturing process.

Known manufacturing methods for manufacturing the coupling element according to the invention are used on the basis of the manufacturing methods described above for the coupling element, in particular injection molding and additive manufacturing methods. Thus, a mold designed complementary to the coupling element is provided for the injection molding process, which is subsequently filled with the desired plastic for the coupling element. In the same way, it is possible to use known and established additive processes for the production of the coupling element. While plastic or metal can be used as a base material in a lithography process to produce the coupling element using a laser, other additive methods for producing the coupling element can also be used. In particular, a 3D printer is preferably used in order to print it out in plastic based on a data model of the coupling element.

The present invention also apparently shows a connection method for a first component consisting of foamed material with a first coupling element according to one of the embodiments described above, with the step: connecting a second component to a second coupling element which is designed to match the first coupling element.

In addition, the present invention includes a manufacturing method of a component with a coupling element according to one of the configurations described above. In this manufacturing process, a component is made from curable material, such as preferably foam, resin, adhesive and the like. During the manufacture of the component, the anchoring structure of the coupling element is arranged and fastened in the hardenable material.

list of figures

• 1 eine perspektivische Seitenansicht einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Kupplungselements mit einer männlichen Verbindungsstruktur,
• 2 eine perspektivische Seitenansicht eines bevorzugten Kupplungselements ähnlich dem aus 1,
• 3 eine Seitenansicht eines bevorzugten Kupplungselements ähnlich dem aus 1,
• 4 eine perspektivische Seitenansicht einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Kupplungselements mit einer weiblichen Verbindungsstruktur,
• 5 eine seitliche Schnittdarstellung des Kupplungselements gemäß 4,
• 6 eine perspektivische Seitenansicht einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Kupplungselements,
• 7 eine Seitenansicht eines Kupplungselements ähnlich dem aus 3,
• 8 eine perspektivische Seitenansicht einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Kupplungselements mit einer weiblichen Verbindungsstruktur,
• 9 eine seitliche Schnittdarstellung des Kupplungselements gemäß 8,
• 10 eine perspektivische Seitenansicht einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Kupplungselements mit einer männlichen Verbindungsstruktur,
• 11 eine Seitenansicht eines Kupplungselements ähnlich dem aus 10,
• 12 eine weitere Seitenansicht eines Kupplungselements ähnlich dem aus 10,
• 13 eine perspektivische Seitenansicht einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Kupplungselements,
• 14 eine Seitenansicht eines Kupplungselements ähnlich dem aus 13,
• 15 eine perspektivische Seitenansicht einer weiteren bevorzugten Ausführungsform des erfindungsgemäßen Kupplungselements,
• 16 eine Seitenansicht des Kupplungselements aus 11,
• 17 eine weitere Seitenansicht des Kupplungselements aus 15,
• 18 eine Seitenansicht des Kupplungselements aus 15,
• 19 eine seitliche axiale Schnittansicht des Kupplungselements gemäß 15,
• 20 a-c eine bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer Kupplung bestehend aus zwei Kupplungselementen in drei Ansichten, von denen zumindest das weibliche Kupplungselement gemäß einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform vorliegender Erfindung aufgebaut ist,
• 21 a-c eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer Kupplung bestehend aus zwei Kupplungselementen in drei Ansichten, von denen das männliche und das weibliche Kupplungselement gemäß bevorzugter Ausführungsformen vorliegender Erfindung aufgebaut sind,
• 22 a-c eine weitere bevorzugte Ausführungsform einer Kupplung bestehend aus zwei Kupplungselementen in drei Ansichten, von denen das männliche und das weibliche Kupplungselement gemäß bevorzugter Ausführungsformen vorliegender Erfindung aufgebaut sind,
• 23 ein Flussdiagramm einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform des Herstellungsverfahrens des Kupplungselements,
• 24 ein Flussdiagramm einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform eines weiteren Herstellungsverfahrens des Kupplungselements und
• 25 ein Flussdiagramm einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform eines Herstellungsverfahrens des Bauteils mit Kupplungselement gemäß einer der beschriebenen bevorzugten Ausführungsformen.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention are explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawing. Show it:

• 1 2 shows a perspective side view of a first preferred embodiment of the coupling element according to the invention with a male connection structure,
• 2 a side perspective view of a preferred coupling element similar to that of 1 .
• 3 a side view of a preferred coupling element similar to that of 1 .
• 4 2 shows a perspective side view of a further preferred embodiment of the coupling element according to the invention with a female connecting structure,
• 5 a side sectional view of the coupling element according to 4 .
• 6 2 shows a perspective side view of a further preferred embodiment of the coupling element according to the invention,
• 7 a side view of a coupling element similar to that of 3 .
• 8th 2 shows a perspective side view of a further preferred embodiment of the coupling element according to the invention with a female connecting structure,
• 9 a side sectional view of the coupling element according to 8th .
• 10 2 shows a perspective side view of a further preferred embodiment of the coupling element according to the invention with a male connection structure,
• 11 a side view of a coupling element similar to that of 10 .
• 12 another side view of a coupling element similar to that of 10 .
• 13 2 shows a perspective side view of a further preferred embodiment of the coupling element according to the invention,
• 14 a side view of a coupling element similar to that of 13 .
• 15 2 shows a perspective side view of a further preferred embodiment of the coupling element according to the invention,
• 16 a side view of the coupling element 11 .
• 17 a further side view of the coupling element 15 .
• 18 a side view of the coupling element 15 .
• 19 a lateral axial sectional view of the coupling element according to 15 .
• 20 ac a preferred embodiment of a coupling consisting of two coupling elements in three views, of which at least the female coupling element according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is constructed,
• 21 ac another preferred embodiment of a coupling consisting of two coupling elements in three views, of which the male and the female coupling element are constructed according to preferred embodiments of the present invention,
• 22 ac another preferred embodiment of a coupling consisting of two coupling elements in three views, of which the male and the female coupling element are constructed according to preferred embodiments of the present invention,
• 23 2 shows a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of the production method of the coupling element,
• 24 a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of a further manufacturing method of the coupling element and
• 25 a flowchart of a preferred embodiment of a manufacturing method of the component with coupling element according to one of the described preferred embodiments.

Detailed description of the preferred embodiments

The coupling element according to the invention 1 is shown in various preferred embodiments in the accompanying drawings. In all embodiments, the coupling element can be 1 divide into two structural components that are firmly connected to one another, in particular integrally, namely a connecting structure 3 and an anchoring structure 5 ,

The connection structure 3 includes constructive designs around the coupling element 1 to connect with another coupling element K (not shown). These two coupling elements 1 and K together form a coupling in order to connect two components to one another or to fix a component at one point in a fixed or movable manner and in both cases releasably or permanently.

For this purpose, are used as interacting connection structures 3 Constructions known from the prior art are used. They generally include male and female connection structures 3 , like a ball head and a receiving ball socket. Furthermore, connection structures 3 used, which together form a bayonet lock, a snap lock, a snap connection, a threaded connection or the like. In this context, it is also preferred to use the connection structure 3 to be equipped with a permanent magnet in each case in order to provide a non-positive connection between the two connection structures 3 of the coupling elements.

To ensure sufficient stability of the coupling element 1 and to be able to provide the entire coupling, the coupling element 1 preferably made from a thermoplastic, a thermoset, an elastomer, from rubber or from a silicone. It is also preferred to connect coupling elements made of different materials within a coupling. For example, there is a coupling element 1 with a male connection structure 3 from a spherical head or mushroom head made of metal, while the female coupling element or the female connecting structure is constructed from a damping elastomer or a thermoplastic.

In the same way as the selection and combination of connection structures of a coupling, their material designs and combinations are also generally known in the prior art.

The coupling element according to the invention 1 is therefore produced according to different production routes in the injection molding process or by an additive manufacturing process. In additive manufacturing processes based on digital three-dimensional (3D) design data of the coupling element 1 this is built up by depositing material in layers. In the manufacturing processes often referred to as 3D printing, plastics, metals and / or composite materials are processed. The 3D printing processes preferred here include: selective laser melting, selective laser sintering, selective heat sintering, binder jetting, electron beam melting, fused deposition molding, cladding, wax deposition molding, contour crafting, metal powder application processes, cold gas spraying, stereolithography , Liquid Composite Molding, Laminated Object Modeling, 3D screen printing of metals and light-controlled electrophoretic deposition.

In addition to the connection structure 3 includes the coupling element 1 the anchoring structure 5 , The anchoring structure 5 serves the reliable fastening of the coupling element 1 in the component, which are made entirely or partially from curable materials. Accordingly, the anchoring structure is preferred in the context of component production 5 positioned in a mold for component manufacture (step B1a ). It is also preferred the anchoring structure 5 to be arranged in a cavity of the component (step B1b ). Subsequently, the mold or cavity with curable Component material filled (step B2 ) and this component material is cured (step B3 ). The anchoring structure is therefore suitable 5 especially for fastening the coupling element 1 in a component made from a foamed component material, from a honeycomb structure that has been poured / filled with resin or adhesive or from similar materials. These materials include foamed and non-foamed thermosetting or thermoplastic plastics as well as elastomers such as rubber or silicone. Furthermore, it is preferred to use the coupling elements preferred according to the invention as inserts in metal injection molding, in particular for metal foams or the like.

The constructional properties of the invention are illustrated below using the example of a coupling element 1 with a spherical head as a connection structure 3 and an anchoring structure fastened in a foamed component, for example a cover in the automotive industry 5 explained. It is understood that the anchoring structure described 5 also attached in other materials and with other connection structures 3 can be combined.

A first preferred embodiment of the coupling element 1 show the 1 to 3 , The connection structure 3 includes a ball head 10 , which is preferably on a cross-shaped web 12 is arranged. It is also preferred the web 12 beam-like with a round or square cross-section. According to a further preferred embodiment of the present invention (not shown) is on the web 12 waived and the ball head 10 leans directly on a shaft 20 from.

According to a further preferred embodiment, there is between the shaft 20 and the ball head 10 with or without a bridge 12 a flange 14 arranged. The flange is preferably 14 constructed similar to a disc or plate, which is the transition between connecting structure 3 and anchoring structure 5 forms. The flange 14 preferably has a round shape, although it can also have a square, oval or other shape. In addition, the flange 14 according to an embodiment transverse to the shaft described below 20 arranged.

How to use 3 can recognize, forms the coupling element 1 an elongated structure with a longitudinal axis L , The longitudinal axis L runs parallel to the axis of symmetry of the coupling element 1 , The shaft 20 also extends parallel to the longitudinal axis L , It is also preferred that the shaft 20 ' at an acute angle to the longitudinal axis L of the coupling element 1 extends. For illustration, one is to the longitudinal axis L inclined shaft 20 ' as a dashed line in 3 shown.

An angular arrangement of the shaft 20 ' is advantageous if, for example, mechanical loads in a curved or non-planar component are to be dissipated specifically into the component. In this case the shaft would be preferred 20 ' oriented approximately in the direction of the load in order to reliably hold the coupling element by means of its configuration 1 to ensure in the component.

It is understood that at least one on the shaft 20 arranged radial collar 22 ; 24 , here preferably two radial collars 22 . 24 , also on an inclined shaft 20 ' can be arranged. The radial collar 22 ; 24 is one in the radial direction from the shaft 20 ; 20 ' extending support surface ready. A top 22a ; 24a of the radial collar 22 ; 24 forms a holding undercut against pull-out forces of the coupling element 1 from the component. A bottom 22b ; 24b directs compressive forces in the longitudinal direction on the coupling element 1 into the component.

The at least one radial collar also preferably has 22 . 24 a toothed or wavy outer edge, which prevents the coupling element from rotating 1 supported in the component. Furthermore, it is preferred that the at least one radial collar 22 ; 24 with a plurality of through openings 26 equip, which are explained in more detail below. The through openings 26 can have any shape. They are used to hold curable component material, thereby the coupling element 1 to be anchored in the component.

The shaft 20 ; 20 ' has at least one through opening 28 on. The through openings 28 has any circumferential shape and extends completely through the shaft 20 ; 20 ' therethrough. The through openings preferably run 28 ; 28 ' transverse to the longitudinal direction of the shaft 20 ; 20 ' , It is also preferred the course of the through openings 28 ; 28 ' inclined to the course of the shaft 20 ; 20 ' adjust. Thus forms the course directions of the through openings 28 ; 28 ' preferably a right angle or an acute angle with the direction of the shaft 20 ; 20 ' ,

The at least one through opening is further preferred 28 between two adjacent radial collars 22 . 24 arranged. It is also preferred to position the through openings at different or different locations.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the shaft 20 ; 20 ' it is at least partially constructed as a hollow cylinder. Corresponding extends a hole 29 from the end of the shaft 20 towards the connection structure 3 , This ensures that curable component material also in the inner cavity of the shaft 20 ; 20 ' penetrates and hardens there. This component material initially provides an inner support for the coupling element 1 It also couples the component material to component material flows through the through openings 28 penetrate, and provides additional anchoring. (victory 4 and 5 )

While 4 a preferred embodiment of the coupling element equipped with these design features 1 represents in a perspective side view, is the same coupling element 1 in 5 seen in a sectional side view. Compared to the embodiment of the previous one 3 includes the connection structure 3 in the coupling element 1 a ball pan 80 for receiving a ball head, for example a ball pin. The anchoring structure 5 includes the two radial collars 22 . 24 that are in the radial direction from the perforated shaft 20 protrude. The breakthrough of the shaft 20 is through the at least one through opening 28 educated. In the preferred embodiment shown here, this is arranged between the radial collars 22, 24.

The shaft also shows 20 the bore in the axial direction 29 on. The shaft is corresponding 20 at least partially or completely ( 5 ) formed hollow cylindrical. The hardenable component material penetrates when fastening the anchoring structure 5 in the component in the through openings 28 and the hole 29 to fill the inside of the shaft. Because the curable component material is inside the shaft, i.e. in the through openings 28 and the hole 29 , hardens, it forms an internal support for the anchoring structure 5 out. In addition, this connects in the interior of the shaft 20 ; 20 ' cured component material with the cured component material which is the anchoring structure 5 surrounds. This also ensures the retention of the anchoring structure 5 and thus the coupling element 1 improved within the component.

The ball socket 80 consists of several axially extending tongues 82 together. Between these tongues 82 are free spaces 84 provided so that the tongues 82 are resiliently arranged when inserting and releasing a ball head.

When anchoring the coupling element 1 The anchoring structure is in one component 5 arranged in the curable component material. The anchoring structure 5 in this position, the flowable component material preferably completely flows around or wets it. As a result, the curable component material penetrates into all openings and cavities of the coupling element 1 on. In addition, the component material is preferably deposited on all surface segments that have been immersed in the component material. This applies equally to liquid component materials, such as resins, as for component materials to be foamed, even if the propagation mechanisms were described differently. Overall, through the openings 26 . 28 . 32 additional surface areas for the connection between the coupling element 1 and component material created.

Furthermore, the hardening of the component material results in the through openings 26 . 28 . 32 Anchoring structures of the component material that the coupling element 1 hold in the later component. It is also preferred that a direction of passage openings 26 . 28 . 32 defines a course of the hardened, fixing structure of the component material. This in turn is preferably based on the mechanical load conditions and their direction of action on the coupling element 1 Voted.

It is further preferred on one of the shafts 20 ; 20 ' facing bottom of the flange 14 at least one cross rib 30 arranged. The cross ribs 30 extends normally from the bottom of the flange 14 as well as radial with respect to the shaft 20 ; 20 ' , Preferably are shaft 20 ; 20 ' and flange 14 over the cross ribs 30 connected with each other. Because of this arrangement, the transverse ribs 30 preferably an anti-rotation device of the coupling element 1 This is through the likewise preferred through openings 32 supports that in each or in selected transverse ribs 30 are arranged. These through holes 32 have the same features as described above.

Another preferred embodiment of the coupling element 1 ' show the 6 and 7 , In these embodiments, the configurations and the structure of the connection structure apply 3 the same features as in relation to the coupling element 1 the 1 to 5 ,

The anchoring structure 5 ' preferably has a perforated wall section 40 with a plurality of through openings 42 on. The wall section 40 is circumferential around the longitudinal axis L arranged. According to a preferred embodiment, the wall section closes an internal cavity due to this arrangement 44 one through the through holes 42 in 6 can be seen.

According to another preferred embodiment of the coupling element 1' is the circumferential wall section 40 formed in its radial interior as a solid body (not shown). The through openings run accordingly 42 through this massive body, but do not open into an internal cavity 44 ,

The circumferential wall section described above is also preferred 40 so inclined to the longitudinal axis L of the coupling element 1' arranged that it forms a funnel-like frustoconical shape. This frustoconical shape faces away from the connecting structure 3 open and expands radially in this direction. It is also preferred to attach this anchoring structure to the connecting structure 3 trained closed end.

According to another preferred embodiment, the section runs 40 parallel to the longitudinal axis L , As a result, it has a hollow cylindrical shape with the through openings 42 on. Is the wall section 40 Solid inside, it has a cylindrical shape with through openings 42 ,

During the embedding of the anchor structure 5 is by the surrounding wall section 40 with or without a cavity 44 additional preferably foamed or embedded area is provided. The coupling element runs along these surfaces 1' fastened and supported, which gives it greater rigidity in the component against lateral forces or other load conditions. The same applies to the circumferential and hollow-cylindrical wall section 40 ,

The circumferential wall section further preferably has 40 at least one radial collar 46 on. This is transverse to the longitudinal axis L outwards and provides an undercut in the axial direction. While in the 6 and 7 the radial collar 46 at the axial end of the circumferential wall section 40 is arranged, it is also preferred, this at any axial position in the course of the anchoring structure 5 to arrange. A plurality of radial collars can also be preferred 46 be arranged.

According to a further preferred embodiment, the radial collars have 46 also through openings 48 on.

Furthermore, preferably on the inside and / or outside of the wall section 40 Projections can be arranged as additional anchoring aids. The projections protrude from the wall section in the normal direction 40 in front.

In continuation of the design features of the coupling element 1' according to the 6 and 7 show the 8th and 9 a similar preferred embodiment of the coupling element 1' , While 8th a perspective side view of a ball socket 80 as a connection structure 3 shows, this is again in a side sectional view in 9 shown. With regard to the structural details of the ball socket 80 as a connection structure 3 will refer to the description above in relation to the 4 and 5 directed.

The anchoring structure 5 ' also includes a circumferential wall section 40 ' , This all-round wall section 40 ' is through the through openings 42 ' openwork. In addition, the preferred embodiment of the 8th an inclined arrangement of the wall section 40 ' related to the longitudinal axis L of the coupling element 1' , This results in a funnel-shaped cavity 44 , This funnel-shaped cavity is axially defined by the circumferential radial collar 46 completed.

Even if this radial collar 46 is shown evenly revolving, it is also preferred to provide this with through holes (not shown). The radial collar can also be preferred 46 have a toothed or a wavy contour on its radial outside. The inclined, perforated wall sections form accordingly 40 ' a frustoconical shape.

Even if not shown, it is also preferred to arrange the wall sections initially inclined 40 ' parallel to the longitudinal axis L to arrange. In this case, the wall section would have a hollow cylindrical shape with an internal cavity 44 form.

Is preferably between the connection structure 3 and the anchor structure 5 ' the flange 14 arranged. If the flange 14 is foamed or embedded in the component material, this flange carries 14 also for the strength and the hold of the coupling element 1' in the component. In this context, it is also preferred to use the flange 14 to be arranged directly at the interface between the component and the component exterior. Should the flange 14 embedded in the component material, then also support one or more through openings (not shown) in this flange 14 and optionally a contoured radial outside of the flange 14 the hold of the coupling element 1' in the manufactured component.

Another preferred embodiment of the coupling element 1" is in the 10 to 12 shown. During the connection structure 3 corresponds to the previous descriptions, the anchoring structure 5 ' at least three in the longitudinal direction L of the coupling element 1" running wall sections 50 on. The wall sections 50 are as straight surfaces with through openings 52 intended.

According to the embodiment shown, there are four wall sections 50 arranged in a cross shape. These wall sections 50 have different configurations. Preferably there is at least one wall section 50 with through openings 52 of the properties described above. At least one other wall section 50 has a radial toothing 54 without through openings.

In addition to the cross-shaped arrangement, it is also advantageous and preferred that the wall sections 50 to be arranged in a jet. That means the wall sections 50 starting at the central longitudinal axis L extend radially outward. In this case there are three, four, five or more wall sections 50 arranged. If all wall sections are adequately flowed / wetted by the component material, the number of wall sections increases 50 the hold of the coupling element in the component.

The through openings 52 as well as the preferred gearing 54 create additional surface areas for connection to the component material and for fastening / anchoring the coupling element 1" in the component material. Because it has been shown - and it applies to all coupling elements described here 1 . 1' . 1" . 1"' . 1"" - That when the anchoring structure is foamed into the component material, the component material compresses at the interfaces to the coupling element 1 . 1' . 1" . 1"' . 1"" form. These material densifications on the interfering edges and surfaces increase the strength of the component material in this area and thus the hold of the coupling element 1 ; 1 . 1' . 1" . 1"' . 1"" in the component.

The wall sections are preferably 50 axially through the two radial collars 14 . 56 edged. The same design features apply to these as described above with regard to the radial collar 46 have been described.

Another preferred embodiment of the coupling element 1"' show the 13 and 14 , During the connection structure 3 is formed according to the above embodiments, the anchoring structure comprises 5 ' also a straight wall section 60 with through openings 62 , This section of wall 60 is parallel or inclined to the longitudinal axis L or to the normal direction of the flange 14 arranged.

At least one web stands out of this wall section 64 in front. This footbridge 64 is preferably normal to the wall section 60 oriented. It is also preferred to have multiple webs 64 to arrange the inclined and / or normal to the wall section 60 are oriented.

The web is preferably 64 formed continuously and curvilinearly like a wall section and surrounds the through openings 62 , It is further preferred to have a plurality of web sections (not shown) on the wall section 60 to be arranged without losing the through openings 62 to cover.

With a web orientation parallel to the longitudinal axis L this forms an additional safeguard against rotation of the coupling element 1" , A web orientation transverse or inclined to the longitudinal axis L provides an axial undercut as pull-out protection.

They also create this or the footbridge 64 additional surface areas for connection to the surrounding component material.

Also preferred are in the wall section 60 Through openings 62 with a non-circular shape, here an elongated hole, used to provide additional surface areas and anchoring section.

Another preferred embodiment of the coupling element 1"' show the 15 to 19 , During the connection structure 3 corresponds to the above descriptions, the anchoring structure stands out 5 '' preferably by an inclined or parallel to the longitudinal axis L of the coupling element 1'" arranged wall section 70 out. This section of wall 70 is also with through openings 72 equipped, which include the features and advantages of the through openings described above.

The wall section is further preferred 70 in the axial direction through the flange 14 and a radial flange 74 edged. Side walls are also preferred 76 provided to the wall section 70 border on the side. The sidewalls 76 are preferably arranged opposite one another.

Next to the inclined wall section 70 and the through openings 72 also create the radial flange 74 and the side walls 76 additional surface sections for connection to the component material.

How to use the side cross-section in 19 can recognize, form the wall section 70 as well as the flange 14 and the radial flange 74 a Z shape. Depending on the properties of the component material, it is advantageous to determine the angle between the wall section 70 and the radial flange 74 to choose larger or smaller to improve the hold of the coupling element 1 "'.

The 20 ac . 21 ac and 22 ac each show the combination of two coupling elements 1 ; 1' . 1"; 1"'; 1"" within a coupling for establishing a connection. For clarity with regard to the design of the couplings and the coupling elements 1 ; 1' . 1"; 1'''; 1"" to get are the coupling elements 1 ; 1' . 1"; 1"'; 1"" not shown embedded or fastened in components. In the context of a connection of two components, however, at least the respective anchoring structures would be 5 ; 5 ' . 5 '; 5 ''; 5 "" of the coupling elements 1 ; 1' . 1"; 1"'; 1"" embedded in a component.

Referring to the coupling element 1 the 4 and 5 or the 8th and 9 with a ball socket 80 as a connection structure 3 it is preferred the coupling socket 80 together with the anchoring structure 5 to be embedded in the component. This must preferably embed the connection structure 3 leave sufficient movement in the component material. This ensures that preferably a spherical head or a mushroom head can be accommodated as a male connection structure.

The 20 ac show the female coupling element 1 the 8th and 9 in combination with a male coupling element. It is also preferred, but not shown here, the female coupling element 4 and 5 to combine with the male coupling element. 20 c shows a perspective side view of the coupling. The 20 a and 20 b each show the coupling element preferred according to the invention in a partial sectional view. It is also preferred to use the male coupling element in analogy to the embodiment according to FIGS 1 to 3 (see also the corresponding description).

The 21 ac show the female coupling element 1 the 8th and 9 in combination with the male coupling element 6 and 7 (see also the associated description). It is also preferred, but not shown here, the female coupling element 4 and 5 with the male coupling element 6 and 7 to combine. 21 c shows a perspective side view of the coupling. The 21 a and 21 b each show the preferred female coupling element according to the invention in a partial sectional view around the connection between the ball socket 80 and illustrate ball head. The respective coupling element is fastened in the component by embedding the respective anchoring structure in the component material.

The 22 ac show the female coupling element 1 the 8th and 9 in combination with the male coupling element 6 and 7 (see also the associated description). It is also preferred, but not shown here, the female coupling element 4 and 5 with the male coupling element 6 and 7 to combine. 22 c shows a perspective side view of the coupling. The 22 a and 22 b each show the preferred female coupling element according to the invention in a partial sectional view around the connection between the ball socket 80 and illustrate ball head. The respective coupling element is fastened in the component by embedding the respective anchoring structure in the component material.

Referring to the flowchart in 23 The manufacturing process for a coupling element according to one of the above-described embodiments can be summarized as follows. First, step H 1 provides an injection mold with complementary shape features in comparison to the coupling element of the above-described embodiments. In step H 2, the coupling element is formed in the injection mold. Finally, in step H 3, the coupling element is removed from the injection mold.

Another preferred method of manufacturing the coupling element according to the above-described embodiments can be seen from the flowchart in FIG 24 sum up. First takes place in the crotch P1 providing an industrial computer for operating a 3D printer or a laser according to the shape features of the coupling element preferred according to the invention described above. In step P2 a layered data model of the coupling element is processed with the 3D printer or the laser in an additive manufacturing process with plastic or metal as processing material. In the final step P3 the coupling element produced in the additive manufacturing process is then reworked.

In a preferred production method for the component with the coupling element according to one of the above-described embodiments, the component is first produced from curable material, such as foam, resin, adhesive or the like. During this manufacture or before this manufacture, the coupling element is fastened with an anchoring structure in the hardenable material of the component to be manufactured. It follows that by curing the component material, the Coupling element is firmly and resiliently connected to the component.

Subsequently, the component with the coupling element can then be connected to a further coupling element which has a complementarily designed connection structure.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 1 ', 1 ", 1"', 1 ""

coupling member

3

connecting structure

5, 5 ', 5 ", 5"', 5 ""

anchoring structure

10

ball head

12

web

14

flange

20.20 '

shaft

22, 24

radial collar

22a, 24a

Top of the radial collar

22b, 24b

Underside of the radial collar

26

Through opening in the radial steak

28

Through openings in the shaft

29

drilling

30

transverse ribs

32

Through opening in the cross ribs

40

wall section

42

Through opening

44

cavity

46

radial collar

48

Through opening in the radial collar

50

wall section

52

Through opening

54

gearing

56

radial collar

60

wall section

62

Through opening

64

web

70

wall section

72

Through opening

74

radial flange

76

side walls

80

ball socket

82

axial webs

84

axially extending openings

L

longitudinal axis

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is only included for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• DE 102012215587 A1 [0004]
• DE 102010054094 B3 [0005]
• DE 102008061463 B4 [0005]
• US 4318208 [0006]
• WO 2016/193232 [0007]
• DE 20001437 U1 [0009]
• US 2015/0034040 A1 [0010]

Claims (22)

A coupling element of an at least two-part coupling, in particular a plug-in coupling, which has the following features: a. a first connection structure with which a connection to a second connection structure of a second coupling element can be established, b. an anchoring structure that can be anchored in a curable component material, wherein c. the first connection structure and the anchoring structure are connected to one another and define or form a longitudinal axis of the coupling element in which d. the anchoring structure comprises at least one perforated wall section which runs at an acute angle or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the coupling element, and / or comprises at least one perforated shaft, which extends at least partially at an acute angle or parallel to the longitudinal axis of the coupling element, wherein e. in the anchoring structure, the wall section and / or the shaft have / has at least one through opening which is normal to or inclined to a normal of the wall section or which runs / runs transversely or inclined to the shaft. Coupling element according to Claim 1 , the anchoring structure of which comprises only one perforated shaft running in the longitudinal direction, which has at least one through-hole passing through the shaft adjacent to at least one circumferential radial collar, preferably between two radial collars. Coupling element according to Claim 1 or 2 whose shaft is at least partially hollow. Coupling element according to Claim 2 or 3 , which has a flange between the connection structure and the anchoring structure, which extends transversely to the shaft and which connects between a lower face of the flange and the shaft comprises a plurality of flat transverse ribs which are arranged transversely to the flange. Coupling element according to Claim 4 , in which at least one of the transverse ribs has one or a plurality of through openings. Coupling element according to one of the Claims 2 - 5 , in which at least one of the radial collars has at least one through-opening and / or has a regular or an irregular contour on a radial outside. Coupling element according to Claim 1 , in which the wall section of the anchoring structure is completely circumferential about the longitudinal axis and has a plurality of through openings. Coupling element according to Claim 7 , in which the circumferential wall section is arranged in the manner of a truncated cone with respect to the longitudinal axis with an inner cavity or a hollow cylinder. Coupling element according to Claim 7 or 8th , in which the circumferential wall section has a first and a second radial collar in the axial direction, in particular is limited by these. Coupling element according to Claim 1 , in which the anchoring structure comprises at least three cross-shaped or radially arranged wall sections which run in the longitudinal direction. Coupling element according to Claim 10 , in which two wall sections have a plurality of through openings and two wall sections comprise lateral teeth. Coupling element according to Claim 10 or 11 , in which the arranged wall sections are delimited in the axial direction by a first and a second radial collar. Coupling element according to Claim 1 , in which the anchoring structure has at least one, preferably only one, wall section running parallel or inclined to the longitudinal axis of the coupling element with a plurality of through openings. Coupling element according to Claim 13 , in which at least one web is provided, oriented normal to the wall section, on its surface, which does not run straight or curvilinear parallel to the longitudinal axis of the coupling element. Coupling element according to Claim 13 or 14 , in that the at least one web is continuous and the plurality of through openings revolves in a curvilinear manner. Coupling element according to one of the preceding claims, in which the connection structure comprises a female connection structure, in particular a ball socket, or a male connection structure, in particular a ball head. Coupling consisting of a first, preferably a male, and a second, preferably a female, coupling element, of which at least one coupling element according to one of the preceding claims is formed. Connection between a first and a second component via a coupling, of which at least the first component is made of a hardenable, in particular a foamed, material and a first coupling element according to one of the Claims 1 - 16 is anchored therein via an anchoring structure and the second component is connected to a coupling element and a connecting structure designed to be complementary to the first coupling element. Manufacturing method for a coupling element according to one of the Claims 1 - 16 with the following steps: a. Providing an injection mold with complementary shape features compared to the coupling element, b. Injection molding the coupling element and c. Demoulding the coupling element from the injection mold. Manufacturing method for a coupling element according to one of the Claims 1 - 16 with the following steps: a. Providing an industrial computer for operating a 3D printer or a laser according to the shape features of the coupling element, b. Processing a layered data model of the coupling element with the 3D printer or the laser in an additive manufacturing process with plastic or metal as processing material and c. Reworking the coupling element produced in the additive manufacturing process. Connection method for a first component made of foamed material with a first coupling element according to one of the Claims 1 - 16 Connecting a second component to a second coupling element which is designed to match the first coupling element. Manufacturing method of a component with a coupling element according to one of the Claims 1 to 16 , in which the component is made of curable material, such as foam, resin, adhesive, and meanwhile the anchoring structure of the coupling element is fastened in the curable material.

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