DE102018008030B4 - Plug device for charging an energy store of a motor vehicle with electrical energy, motor vehicle with at least one such plug device and charging infrastructure with at least one such plug device - Google Patents

Abstract

Plug-in device (10) for charging an energy store of a motor vehicle with electrical energy, in which a first plug-in element interacts as a plug element and a second plug-in element as a socket element, with a first plug-in field (12) which has first electrical contacts (14a, 14b) for transmitting electrical has electricity for charging the energy store, and with a second plug-in field (18) which has second electrical contacts (20a, 20b) for transmitting direct current for charging the energy store, and at least one third plug-in field (22) which has third electrical contacts (24a , 24b), by means of which direct current for charging the energy store can be transmitted parallel to the second electrical contacts (20a, 20b), the first plug-in field (12) having further contacts (16a-c) which are used during charging of the energy store to exchange data between the motor vehicle and a charging infrastructure, characterized in that s the at least three plug fields (12, 18, 22) of the plug device (10) in both plug elements, i.e. both in the plug element and in the socket element, are connected to one another in a non-detachable or reversibly detachable manner as a structural unit and the further contacts (16a-c) for Data exchange are arranged only in the first patch panel (12) and the second and further patch panels (18, 22, 26, 30) have no further contacts for data exchange.

Description

The invention relates to a plug-in device for charging an energy store of a motor vehicle with electrical energy. The invention also relates to a motor vehicle with such a plug-in device and a charging structure with such a plug-in device.

Such a plug-in device for charging an energy store of a motor vehicle with electrical energy is, for example, already the DE 10 2014 215 123 A1 to be taken as known. The plug-in device has a first plug-in field, which has first electrical contacts for transmitting electrical current for charging the energy store. In addition, the plug-in device has a second plug-in field, which has second electrical contacts for the transmission of direct electrical current for charging the energy store.

Also the DE 10 2017 112 390 A1 describes a charging socket as part of a plug-in device for an electrically powered vehicle with a contact section with electrical contacts for positively receiving a mating contact section of a charging plug, which electrical mating contacts for forming an electrical charging connection between the electrical contacts and the electrical mating contacts includes. According to the invention, a base body of the charging socket has at least one heating element, which is used to heat the contact section.

From the DE 10 2016 216 058 A1 a high-voltage system for a vehicle with an electrified drive train is known, which includes a primary and a secondary high-voltage battery. Each high-voltage battery is assigned to one of two high-voltage lines that can be connected in parallel, with the high-voltage system for each of the high-voltage lines that can be connected in parallel having its own assigned charging interface for electrically charging the respective high-voltage battery at an external direct current source. This means that each battery can be charged separately via an independent charging interface.

Also the DE 10 2011 010 227 A1 describes a motor vehicle with a high-voltage battery as an energy storage unit, the energy storage unit here consisting of a number of electrical cells which are divided into at least two blocks. For charging, the blocks can now be connected individually to an external energy source by means of a charging cable, with each of these blocks of the energy storage unit having its own charging connection element for this purpose. At least one independent charging connection element is thus assigned to each block and can be charged separately via it.

The object of the present invention is to create a plug-in device, a motor vehicle and a charging infrastructure so that energy storage devices in motor vehicles can be charged in line with requirements and with particularly high charging currents.

This object is achieved by a plug-in device with the features of patent claim 1, by a motor vehicle with the features of patent claim 12 and by a charging infrastructure with the features of patent claim 13. Advantageous configurations with expedient developments of the invention are specified in the remaining claims.

It is According to the invention, the plug-in device has at least one third plug-in field, which has third electrical contacts, by means of which direct current for charging the energy store of the motor vehicle can be transmitted parallel to the second electrical contacts. The feature that electrical direct current for charging the energy store can be transmitted parallel to the second electrical contacts by means of the third electrical contacts means that the second electrical contacts and the third electrical contacts are designed to be parallel, i.e. direct current at the same time , That is, to transmit a DC voltage having electric current for charging the energy storage device. In other words, direct current can be transmitted in parallel or simultaneously via the second electrical contacts and via the third electrical contacts during a charging process, by means of or during which the energy store of the motor vehicle is charged with electrical energy or electrical current. The direct current, which is simultaneously transmitted by means of the second contacts and the third contacts, flows through the second contacts and through the third contacts and is used to charge the energy store of the motor vehicle with electrical energy or with electrical current. The direct current, which is transmitted by means of the second contacts and the third contacts and thus flows through the second contacts and the third contacts, is at for example at least partially fed or stored at least indirectly or directly into the energy store, as a result of which the energy store is charged.

According to the invention, the first plug-in panel is also designed to provide a communication connection, in particular a communication plug-in connection, via additional contacts of the first plug-in panel while the energy store is being charged, via which data, for example, can be exchanged between the vehicle and a charging infrastructure that is external to the vehicle.

Since both the second contacts and the third contacts are designed to transmit direct current, ie to conduct direct current for charging the energy store, the third contacts and the second contacts are also referred to as direct current contacts or DC contacts. A first of the second contacts forms, for example, an electrical positive pole, with a second of the second contacts forming, for example, an electrical negative pole. Accordingly, for example, a first of the third contacts forms an electrical positive pole, while a second of the third contacts forms an electrical negative pole. The respective electrical positive pole is also referred to as DC+, for example, with the respective electrical negative pole also being referred to as DC-, for example.

The respective patch panel is characterized, for example, in that a plug can be connected to the first patch panel or to the second patch panel or to the third patch panel or simultaneously to all patch panels, forming a respective plug-in connection, in order to, for example, connect the plug at least electrically and preferably also to be mechanically connected to the respective patch panel.

The respective patch panel combines its respective contacts into a respective spatial arrangement of the respective contacts of the respective patch panel, so that the respective patch panel considered in itself has its own field that is independent of the respective other patch panel and a respective area that is independent of the respective other or remaining patch panels is, in which the respective contacts of the respective patch panel are arranged in a definable or predetermined spatial arrangement. The patch panels are, for example, spaced apart from one another and/or geometrically delimited from one another, in particular in such a way that the respective patch panel combines the respective contacts of the respective patch panel into a definable or predetermined spatial arrangement.

According to the invention, the at least three plug-in fields of the plug-in device in both plug-in elements, i.e. both in the plug element and in the socket element, are permanently or reversibly connected to one another as a structural unit and the further contacts for data exchange are only arranged in the first plug-in field, with the second and further plug-in fields have no further contacts for data exchange.

One finding on which the invention is based is that previous, conventional charging interfaces, via which energy stores of motor vehicles can be charged with electrical energy, allow charging currents or a charging power that are or is insufficient, in particular, when energy stores with a very large storage capacity with electrical energy in to be loaded in a short time. This applies, for example, in particular to commercial vehicles such as trucks or buses, in particular omnibuses, which can only be charged in a very time-consuming manner, for example using a charging capacity of 400 kW.

In contrast, the plug-in device according to the invention, in particular its modular design, enables charging capacities of more than 400 kW, in particular far more than 500 kW, in particular of up to and more than 1.2 MW, to be able to be implemented in a particularly needs-based manner. For example, if a conventional charging interface is available, it can be electrically connected, for example, to the first patch panel and to the second patch panel, while there is no connection to the third patch panel. As a result, a charging current of 400 A or 500 A can be realized, for example, so that depending on the voltage level of the charging device, a charging capacity of up to 400 kW or 500 kW can also be realized. However, if a charging interface is available which can be at least electrically connected to the first patch panel, the second patch panel and the third patch panel at the same time, particularly high charging power or particularly high charging currents of, for example, 400 A or 500 A per patch panel can be achieved so that then a total of 1200 A up to 1500 A or more can be realized. For this purpose, the first patch panel and the second patch panel are supplemented by the third patch panel, in particular in a modular manner. The respective patch panel can have at least two contacts. At least one of the respective patch panels preferably has at least or exactly three contacts or at least or exactly three pairs of contacts. With a total of four current-carrying plug-in fields, even higher charging currents can be realized, so charging currents of up to 1600 A or of up to 2000 A can flow through the plug-in device.

Increased plugging forces for connecting a charging interface to the plug-in device according to the invention and/or increased pulling forces to separate a charging interface from the plug-in device according to the invention can be overcome with the help of a mechanical and/or electrical plugging and/or unplugging aid, in particular mechanized. Such an insertion and/or removal aid comprises, for example, a spindle, by means of which the interface can be connected to the plug-in fields or detached from the plug-in fields in a particularly simple manner. A so-called charging communication, in the course of which data is exchanged during a charging process, any safety devices and/or other devices are based, for example, on proven standards or on proven base modules and are used further or jointly.

Due to the modular addition of the first plug-in field and the second plug-in field to the third plug-in field, the motor vehicle designed, for example, as a commercial vehicle, in particular as a truck or bus, or its energy storage device can be charged with very high charging power and thus in a short charging time. The plug-in device according to the invention is compatible with previous, conventional charging interfaces, in particular plugs, which can be electrically and preferably also mechanically connected, for example, to form a respective plug-in connection with the first plug-in field and the second plug-in field. A charging infrastructure for charging electrical energy storage devices in motor vehicles can be built up gradually and upgraded, for example, so that the respective charging interface, in particular a respective plug, can be at least electrically connected to the first, the second and the third patch panel at the same time. In depots, for example, cheap standard charging stations can be installed according to the CCS standard (CCS - Combined Charging System - combined charging system) for longer downtimes, whereas more expensive charging stations for realizing very high charging currents of over 400 A per plug contact for charging or, depending on the voltage level, also charging capacities of more than 400 kW, in particular more than 500 kW, are designed for recharging for long distances. At least the second charging contacts and the third charging contacts are embodied as DC charging contacts, since the second and third contacts are embodied to carry or conduct electrical current having a DC voltage. The second and third contacts can be operated in parallel and thus conduct direct current in parallel or simultaneously and thus transmit it, in order to thereby distribute the direct current in parallel as a charging current, for example. This can avoid excessive loading of a single DC port.

In order to be able to charge the energy store as required and thus both with particularly high charging currents and with the comparatively lower charging currents, it is provided in an advantageous embodiment of the invention that the second plug-in field and the third plug-in field have the same external shape. Thus, for example, a connector also referred to as a connector element can be electrically connected to the second connector panel but not to the third connector panel or to the third connector panel but not electrically connected to the second connector panel, or a connector can be connected to the second connector panel and to the third connector panel at the same time be connected in order to be able to ensure that the energy storage device is charged as required.

A further embodiment is characterized in that the first electrical contacts are designed for transmitting or conducting or conducting alternating current. As a result, the energy store can be charged particularly quickly and in line with requirements. In particular, it is preferably provided that the first contacts, the second contacts and the third contacts are designed to transmit electrical current in parallel or simultaneously, i.e. to conduct or direct it, so that, for example, the energy storage device is parallel both via the first contacts and supplied via the second contacts and the third contacts with electrical current or electrical energy and can be charged as a result.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first patch panel and the second patch panel are formed by a first module, which is designed, for example, as a CCS module. The third patch panel is preferably formed by a second module that is designed separately from the first module. As a result, a modular structure is created, as a result of which charging of the energy storage device can be ensured in accordance with requirements.
The respective module is at least electrically connected to a charging station, for example via its own cable, with the cables being able to be designed independently and thus, for example, as respective individual cables. These individual cables are, for example, separated or separate from one another. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the cables are combined to form a cable harness.

The modules can be connected to one another in a non-detachable, ie non-destructively detachable manner. This means in particular that the modules can be connected to one another and not separated from one another without the use of tools. In particular, it is conceivable for the modules to be non-detachably connected to one another in a materially bonded and/or form-fitting and/or force-fitting manner. In this way, misuse of the plug-in device can be avoided.

However, it has proven to be particularly advantageous if the modules are connected to one another in a reversibly detachable manner. As a result, the modules that are initially connected to one another can be separated from one another and then connected to one another again without the modules being damaged or destroyed. In the installed position of the plug-in device, the second module can be arranged below or above the first module in the vertical direction of the vehicle, or the second module is arranged in front of or behind the first module in the longitudinal direction of the vehicle. In particular, the second module can be attached to the first module in order to be able to keep the space requirement particularly low.

The first contacts and thus the first patch panel allow, for example, what is known as AC charging, also known as AC charging, since the first contacts are preferably designed to transmit electrical alternating current for charging the energy store. The second and third contacts and thus the second and third plug-in field are preferably designed to implement what is known as direct current charging, also referred to as DC charging, since the second and third contacts are designed to transmit direct current for charging the energy store.

For example, in order to connect the modules to one another in a reversibly detachable manner, the respective module has at least one connecting device. The modules are connected to one another, in particular in a reversibly detachable manner, via the connecting devices. In particular, it is conceivable for the modules to be latched to one another via the connecting devices or to be connected to one another in a form-fitting manner. As a result, a particularly advantageous modular design can be implemented, so that, for example, the first module can be supplemented by the second module as required.

A further embodiment is characterized in that the plug-in device has at least a fourth plug-in field, which has fourth electrical contacts, by means of which parallel to the second electrical contacts and parallel to the third electrical contacts, i.e. parallel to the via the second electrical contacts and the third electrical contacts taking place transmission of direct current, that is direct voltage having electrical current for charging the energy store is transferrable. In this way, for example, particularly high charging powers or charging currents can be implemented, so that energy stores with a particularly high storage capacity can also be fully charged in a short time.

In order to be able to charge the energy store as required, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the third plug-in field and the fourth plug-in field are distributed evenly around the first plug-in field and/or the second plug-in field. As a result, for example, different charging plugs can be connected to the respective patch panel or to one of the patch panels as required, while the plug is not connected to another of the patch panels. In addition, for example, plugs that are designed accordingly can be connected at least electrically to all the patch panels at the same time.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the fourth patch panel is formed by a third module that is designed separately from the first module and separately from the second module. As a result, a particularly advantageous modular design of the plug-in device can be implemented, so that the energy store can be advantageously charged. The previous and following statements on the first module and the second module can easily be transferred to the third module and vice versa.

The second module and the third module are preferably so-called DC modules, since these enable DC charging of the energy store, in particular simultaneously. In particular, a fourth module with a fifth plug-in field, in particular a fourth module designed as a DC module, can be provided, in which case the second, third and fourth module can then be arranged evenly distributed around the first module. The second, third and fourth module are then, for example in pairs, at the same distance in the circumferential direction of the first module, which is for example 90°. In particular, it is conceivable that the second, third and fourth module are distributed in a ring or petal-like manner around the first module. Here, the second, third and fourth module and thus the third, fourth and fifth patch panel on or around the first patch panel of the first module and / or on or be arranged around the second patch panel of the first module.

It is also conceivable that the second and third module and the fourth module that is preferably provided are simply arranged as a block on the side of the first module, which forms a CCS system or CCS module, for example.

If the modules are permanently connected to one another, for example, their arrangement relative to one another cannot be changed, so that the arrangement relative to one another is given or fixed. The modules or the patch panels then form an entire plug-in contact, the shape of which can no longer be changed.

However, it has proven to be particularly advantageous if the modules are connected to one another in a reversibly detachable manner, so that, for example, the second, third and fourth module can be attached to the first module in a reversibly detachable manner. This makes it possible to add and/or remove the individual modules to form an advantageous CCS connector at the location required in each case, as a result of which an at least almost freely configurable connector can be produced. The plug, which can be configured by connecting the modules as needed and selectively, can thus be plugged into different vehicle-side and thus built-in sockets of respective motor vehicles or connected to the respective socket. Then, for example, the configuration of the plug or the intended and, for example, plugged-in modules is recognized and activated via electronics and communication running via a CCS plug-in contact, so that any modules that are present but not plugged in certainly have no voltage or no current during charging.

The plug-in device according to the invention is preferably designed in such a way that it can be reversibly and releasably locked to the corresponding plug by means of a conventional locking mechanism that is already provided. Furthermore, conventional plug-in aids such as spindle drives, centered introductions, ejection devices, etc. can be used in order to be able to connect the plug-in device according to the invention to a respective corresponding plug or to be able to detach it from such a plug. Contacting measurements or an identification of plugged contacts, in particular of any live contacts and/or an available and recordable voltage and/or an available and recordable current, as well as communication between the vehicle and a vehicle-external charging station can, as before, be carried out using a corresponding standard, in particular the CCS -System.

The third plug-in field and the fourth plug-in field and preferably the optionally provided third module provide additional DC charging contacts provided in addition to the second contacts, which can conduct and transmit a high direct current parallel to one another and parallel to the second contacts for charging the energy store. As a result, the energy store can be charged with a large amount of electrical energy in a short time. In addition, an overload of the respective contact, also known as the charging contact, can be avoided.

It has been shown to be particularly advantageous if the second module can be or is connected to the first module in a reversibly detachable manner independently of the third module and the third module independently of the second module. This means that the second module can be reversibly detachably connected to the first module and remain connected, while the third module is not connected to the first module or is detached from the first module. Accordingly, the third module can be reversibly detachably connected to the first module and remain connected, while the second module is not connected to the first module or is detached from the first module. As a result, the plug-in device can be configured at least almost freely and can therefore be designed as an at least almost freely-configurable plug, since the plug-in device can either have only the first module, only the first module and the second module, only the first module and the third module or which has three modules. As a result, the energy store can be charged particularly as required using only the first module, using the first and second modules, using the first and third modules or using the first, second and third modules.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the plug-in device comprises at least one plug-in element, which can be reversibly and detachably connected to the first plug-in field and the formation of a plug-in connection, while connecting the plug-in element to the second plug-in field and to the third plug-in field and to the fourth patch panel is omitted.

Alternatively, it is conceivable that the plug element can be connected in a reversibly detachable manner to the first plug-in field and at the same time in a reversibly detachable manner to the second plug-in field, forming a respective plug-in connection during a connection of the connector element with the third patch panel and with the fourth patch panel is omitted.

Alternatively, it can be provided that the connector element can be reversibly detachably connected to the first connector field and at the same time reversibly detachably connected to the second connector field and at the same time reversibly detachably connected to the third connector field, forming a respective connector, while the connector element is not connected to the fourth connector field.

Alternatively, it can also be provided that the plug element can be reversibly and detachably connected to the first plug-in field, the second plug-in field, the third plug-in field and the fourth plug-in field at the same time. The first, second, third and optionally provided fourth plug field forms a first plug designed, for example, as a socket or plug, the at least one plug element being a second plug designed as a socket or plug, for example. The first plug and the second plug form a plug contact and are to be connected to one another, in particular by being plugged into one another, in order to charge the energy store with electrical energy.

The first plug with the detachable modules thus also fits, for example, in a socket where not all modules are attached as with the first plug, or a plug with fewer modules also fits in a socket that is intended for more modules than the plug having. Activation or application of voltage and release of current to the respective contacts of the respective modules are controlled via electronics by recognizing the plugged-in, ie electrically interconnected, contacts. The at least one connector element can be connected to the first connector, which has all the modules, for example if it does not have all the modules. Furthermore, by using the reversibly detachable modules it is possible to adapt the first connector to a respective second connector in such a way that the modules are reversibly detachably connected to one another such that the first connector can be plugged into the second connector or vice versa.
Thus, for example, the first plug can be adapted to a second plug by reconfiguring the modules, ie connecting them to one another in a reversible, detachable manner as required. Furthermore, downward compatibility is conceivable in that the at least one connector element with fewer modules fits into the first connector element if the first connector element has more modules than the at least one connector element. With the help of four current-carrying modules that are contacted during charging, a charging current of 1600 A or even 2000 A can be realized, for example, in order to be able to charge the energy storage device particularly quickly. With a charging voltage of 800 V, a charging capacity of up to 1.6 MW would be possible.

The respective contact is designed, for example, as a pin element, which is also referred to as a pin. In this case, the respective contact has a diameter, for example, which has a range of 8 mm up to and including 10 mm, but in particular should only be designed up to 8.5 mm for contact protection. The respective plug-in field can ensure a charging current of up to 400 A, in particular up to 500 A, so that overall particularly large charging currents can be implemented without the need for separate cooling of the plug-in fields or the contacts. With the use of larger contacts, a larger contact surface could be realized, which means that contact losses and heat loss can be kept low, but care must then be taken to ensure adequate safety, particularly with regard to accessibility.

Technically in the motor vehicle, either charging electronics for all DC contacts continue to charge the energy store designed as a battery, in particular as a high-voltage battery, as a unit, or each DC contact is assigned its own, in particular full, charging electronics, which then also part of the Energy storage is assigned as a charging system, so that there is full parallelism over the entire system and there can be no internal bottlenecks with the high performance. In such a parallel system, the charging electronics must of course also ensure that all parts of the energy store can also be charged with only one charging electronics if only one contact of the plug-in device is available or active for charging. In this case, the one or more charging electronics can be connected to all parts of the energy storage device, for example via a matrix circuit, so that it is ensured that all parts of a battery can also be charged via such a multiple system.

Another embodiment is characterized in that the first patch panel is designed as type 1 according to the IEC 62196 standard or as type 2 according to the IEC 62196 standard, in particular to the IEC 62196 standard, which is or was valid on August 21, 2018.

Alternatively, it can be provided that the first patch panel and the second patch panel have a combo 1 plug in accordance with the IEC 62196 standard or a combo 2 plug in accordance with the IEC 62196 standard form. Alternatively or additionally, it is provided that the third patch panel is designed as type 1 according to the IEC 62196 standard or as type 2 of the IEC 62196 standard. Alternatively or additionally, it is provided that the fourth patch panel is designed as type 1 according to the IEC 62196 standard or as type 2 according to the IEC 62196 standard. The IEC 62196 standard is also referred to as DIN EN 62196 and refers to the version or version valid on August 21, 2018.

Finally, it has been shown to be particularly advantageous if the plug-in device is designed as a plug-in device on the vehicle side, which is therefore part of the motor vehicle. Alternatively, it is provided that the plug-in device is a vehicle-external plug-in device and is therefore not part of a motor vehicle.

A second aspect of the invention relates to a motor vehicle, preferably designed as a commercial vehicle, with at least one plug-in device according to the invention.

A third aspect of the invention relates to a vehicle-external charging infrastructure for charging an energy store of a motor vehicle, the charging infrastructure comprising at least one plug-in device according to the first aspect of the invention. Advantages and advantageous configurations of the first and the second aspect of the invention are to be regarded as advantages and advantageous configurations of the third aspect of the invention and vice versa.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention result from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments and from the drawing. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description and the features and combinations of features mentioned below in the description of the figures and/or shown alone in the figures can be used not only in the combination specified in each case, but also in other combinations or on their own, without going beyond the scope of the leave invention.

• 1 eine schematische Draufsicht einer erfindungsgemäßen Steckeinrichtung gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform;
• 2 eine schematische Draufsicht der Steckeinrichtung gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform; und
• 3 eine schematische Draufsicht der Steckeinrichtung gemäß einer dritten Ausführungsform.

The drawing shows in:

• 1 a schematic plan view of a plug-in device according to the invention according to a first embodiment;
• 2 a schematic plan view of the plug-in device according to a second embodiment; and
• 3 a schematic plan view of the plug-in device according to a third embodiment.

Elements that are the same or have the same function are provided with the same reference symbols in the figures.

1 shows a schematic top view of a plug-in device, denoted as a whole by 10, for charging an energy store of a motor vehicle with electrical energy, that is to say with electrical current. This means that the plug-in device 10 is used to conduct and transmit electrical energy or electrical current for charging the energy store, so that the energy store can be charged using the transmitted electrical energy. The energy store is thus designed to store electrical energy. In particular, the energy store can be designed as a high-voltage component which has an electrical voltage, in particular an electrical operating voltage, which is greater than 50 V and preferably amounts to several hundred volts. The motor vehicle is, for example, a commercial vehicle and is preferably designed as an electric or hybrid vehicle. Thus, in its fully manufactured state, the motor vehicle has at least one electrical machine, by means of which the motor vehicle can be driven electrically. For this purpose, the electrical machine is supplied with electrical energy that is stored in the energy store.

1 shows a first embodiment of the plug-in device 10. The plug-in device 10 is, for example, part of the motor vehicle, which thus has the plug-in device 10 in its fully manufactured state. In particular, the plug-in device 10 can be designed as a vehicle-side charging connection, with which a plug that is external to the motor vehicle and thus in addition to the plug-in device 10 can be connected at least electrically and preferably also mechanically. The plug is, for example, a component of a charging infrastructure that is external to the vehicle and therefore external to the motor vehicle, which can be arranged in an area surrounding the motor vehicle. For example, an energy source external to the vehicle, in particular a power grid external to the vehicle, can provide electrical energy via the charging infrastructure. The electrical energy provided by the energy source can be transferred to the motor vehicle and in particular to the energy storage device via the charging infrastructure and the plug-in device 10 in order to thereby charge the energy storage device.

The plug-in device 10 has a first plug-in panel 12 which has first electrical contacts 14a, 14b for transmitting electrical current has for charging the energy store. The first patch panel 12 can also have additional contacts 16a-c, with at least one or at least two of the contacts 16a-c being used, for example, during the charging of the energy store in order to exchange data between the vehicle and the charging infrastructure. At least one of the contacts 16a-c is, for example, a ground or a mass. In particular, the first contacts 14a, 14b are designed to transmit alternating current for charging the energy store, so that the contacts 14a, 14b are preferably so-called AC contacts. The contacts 14a, 14b are thus used for AC charging, also referred to as AC charging, during which the energy store is charged with the aid of alternating current, which flows, for example, through the contacts 14a, 14b and is thus transmitted by means of the contacts 14a, 14b .

The plug-in device 10 also has a second plug-in panel 18, which has second electrical contacts 20a, 20b for transmitting direct current for charging the energy store. The contacts 20a, 20b are thus used to carry, conduct and thus transmit direct current, also referred to as DC current, for charging the energy store. If the energy store is thus charged via the contacts 20a, 20b, direct current flows through the contacts 20a, 20b during this time. In order to be able to charge the energy store as required and with high charging currents, the plug-in device 10 has a third plug-in panel 22, which has third electrical contacts 24a, 24b, by means of which direct current for charging the energy store can be transmitted parallel to the contacts 20a, 20b. The plug-in device 10 also has a fourth plug-in field 26, which has fourth contacts 28a, 28b, by means of which direct current for charging the energy store can be transmitted parallel to the second contacts 20a, 20b and parallel to the third contacts 24a, 24b. In the first embodiment, the plug-in device 10 also has a fifth plug-in field 30, which has fifth contacts 32a, 32b, by means of which parallel to the second contacts 20a, 20b, parallel to the third contacts 24a, 24b and parallel to the fourth contacts 28a , 28b direct current can be transmitted for charging the energy store. If the energy store is thus charged by means of plug-in device 10, by means of direct current and thereby by means of plug-in panels 18, 22, 26 and 30, direct current for charging the energy store flows simultaneously or in parallel through contacts 20a, 20b, 24a, 24b, 28a, 28b and 32a, 32b. As a result, a particularly high value of the direct current used as the charging current can be realized, so that the energy store can also be charged with a particularly high amount of electrical energy in a particularly short time if the energy store has a particularly high storage capacity. In particular, direct currents of 400 A to 500 A per plug-in field can be charged via the respective pair of contacts by means of the plug-in device 10 and thus a total charging current of 1600 A or 2000 A can be realized for charging the energy store.

Out of 1 It is particularly easy to see that the patch panels 18, 22, 26 and 30 have the same external shape. Thus, for example, a plug that is designed in such a way that the plug can only be connected to one of the patch panels 18, 22, 26 and 30 in relation to the patch panels 18, 22, 26 and 30, either with the patch panel 18 or with the patch panel 22 or with the patch panel 26 or with the patch panel 30 can be electrically connected.

The patch panels 12 and 18 are formed by a first module 34, for example. The patch panel 22 is formed by a second module 36, for example. The patch panel 26 is formed by a third module 38, for example, and the patch panel 30 is formed by a fourth module 40, for example. The modules 34, 36, 38 and 40 are designed, for example, as components which are formed separately from one another and which are connected to one another in a non-detachable or, preferably, reversibly detachable manner. It is provided, for example, that the modules 36, 38 and 40 are reversibly detachably attached to the first module 34 independently of one another, so that the respective module 36, 38 or 40 can be detached from the first module 34, while the other modules 36 38 or 40 remain held on the first module 34. For this purpose, the modules 34, 36, 38 and 40 have, for example, respective connecting devices, via which the modules 34, 36, 38 and 40 can be reversibly and detachably connected to one another.

As an alternative to this, it is conceivable that the patch panel 12 is formed by the first module 34 and the patch panel 18 by a further module, with the further module being able to be formed separately from the respective other modules 34 , 36 , 38 and 40 . The modules 34, 36, 38 and 40 are, for example, non-detachably or reversibly detachably connected to the other module forming the patch panel 18. Furthermore, for example, the modules 34, 36, 38 and 40 are arranged in the circumferential direction of the further module distributed uniformly over its circumference.
At the in 1 shown first embodiment is a module 36 related to the image plane of 1 located to the left of module 34, and module 38 is located to the right of module 34. Module 40 is below module 38 arranged. The first patch panel 12 is preferably designed as type 1 according to the IEC 62196 standard. In the first embodiment, the patch panels 12 and 18 form a combo 1 plug according to the IEC 62196 standard.

2 shows a second embodiment of the plug-in device 10. In the second embodiment, the patch panel 12 is designed as a type 2 according to the IEC 62196 standard, with the patch panels 12 and 18 forming a combo-2 plug according to the IEC 62196 standard in the second embodiment. The patch panels 18, 22, 26 and 30 have the same external shape. The patch panels 22, 26 and 30 are arranged, for example, as a block laterally next to the patch panels 12 and 18, in particular next to the module 34 having the patch panels 12 and 18. The patch panels 22, 26 and 30 can be formed as respective modules formed separately from one another, or the patch panels 22, 26 and 30 are formed by a common module which is a module formed separately from the module 34, for example.

Finally shows 3 a third embodiment of the plug device 10. As in the first embodiment, in the third embodiment the patch panels 12 and 18 form a combo-1 plug according to the IEC 62196 standard. As in the second embodiment, in the third embodiment the patch panels 22, 26 and 30 arranged as a block laterally next to the module 34 or laterally next to the patch panels 12 and 18.

Reference List

10

plug-in device

12

first patch

14a, 14b

first contact

16a, 16b, 16c

contact element

18

second patch panel

20a, 20b

second contact

22

third patch

24a, 24b

third contact

26

fourth patch

28a, 28b

fourth contact

30

fifth patch

32a, 32b

fifth contact

34

first module

36

second module

38

third module

40

fourth module

Claims (13)

Plug-in device (10) for charging an energy store of a motor vehicle with electrical energy, in which a first plug-in element interacts as a plug element and a second plug-in element as a socket element, with a first plug-in field (12) which has first electrical contacts (14a, 14b) for transmitting electrical has electricity for charging the energy store, and with a second plug-in panel (18) which has second electrical contacts (20a, 20b) for transmitting direct current for charging the energy store, and at least one third plug-in panel (22) which has third electrical contacts (24a , 24b), by means of which direct current for charging the energy store can be transmitted parallel to the second electrical contacts (20a, 20b), the first plug-in field (12) having further contacts (16a-c) which are used during charging of the energy store To exchange data between the motor vehicle and a charging infrastructure, characterized that the at least three plug-in fields (12, 18, 22) of the plug-in device (10) in both plug-in elements, i.e. both in the plug element and in the socket element, are connected to one another in a non-detachable or reversibly detachable manner as a structural unit and the further contacts (16a- c) are arranged for data exchange only in the first plug-in field (12) and the second and further plug-in fields (18, 22, 26, 30) have no further contacts for data exchange. Plug-in device (10) after claim 1 , characterized in that the second patch panel (18) and the third patch panel (22) have the same external shape. Plug-in device (10) after claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the first electrical contacts (14a, 14b) are designed for the transmission of alternating current for charging the energy store. Plug device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first plug-in field (12) and the second plug-in field (18) by a first module (34) and the third plug-in field (22) by a separately from the first module (34 ) trained second module (36) is formed, wherein the first module (34) and the second module (36) are non-detachably or reversibly detachably connected to each other. Plug device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one fourth plug field (26), which has fourth electrical contacts (28a, 28b), by means of which parallel to the second electrical contacts (20a, 20b) and parallel to the third electrical Contacts (24a, 24b) direct current for charging the energy store can be transmitted. Plug-in device (10) after claim 5 , characterized in that the third patch panel (22) and the fourth patch panel (26) are distributed around the first patch panel (12) and/or the second patch panel (18), in particular evenly. Plug-in device (10) after claim 5 or 6 in its reference to claim 4 , characterized in that the fourth plug-in field (26) is formed by a third module (38) designed separately from the first module (34) and separately from the second module (36), the modules (34, 36, 38) being non-detachable or are reversibly detachably connected to one another. Plug-in device (10) after claim 7 , characterized in that the second module (36) independently of the third module (38) and the third module (38) independently of the second module (36) can be reversibly detachably connected to the first module (34) or is connected. Plug device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one plug element which: - can be reversibly and detachably connected to the first plug-in field (12) to form a plug-in connection, while connecting the plug element to the second plug-in field (18) and to the third patch panel (22) and with the fourth patch panel (26) omitted; or - can be reversibly detachably connected to the first plug-in field (12) and at the same time reversibly detachably connected to the second plug-in field (18) to form a respective plug-in connection, while connecting the plug element to the third plug-in field (22) and to the fourth plug-in field (26) omitted or - can be reversibly detachably connected to the first plug-in field (12) and at the same time reversibly detachably connected to the second plug-in field (18) and at the same time reversibly detachably connected to the third plug-in field (22), forming a respective plug-in connection, while connecting the plug element to the fourth plug-in field (26) omitted; or - can be reversibly releasably connected to the first plug-in field (12), the second plug-in field (18), the third plug-in field (22) and the fourth plug-in field (26). Plug device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that: - the first patch panel (12) is designed as type 1 according to the IEC 62196 standard or as type 2 according to the IEC 62196 standard; or - the first patch panel (12) and the second patch panel (18) form a combo 1 connector according to the IEC 62196 standard or a combo 2 connector according to the IEC 62196 standard. Plug-in device (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the plug-in device (10) is designed as a plug-in element on the vehicle or external to the vehicle; wherein the plug-in element can be designed as a plug element or as a socket element. Motor vehicle with at least one plug-in device (10) according to one of the preceding claims. Charging infrastructure for charging an energy store of a motor vehicle, with at least one plug-in device (10) according to one of Claims 1 until 11 .

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