DE102018006218A1 - Passive marker for the classification of obiekten - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a passive marker (1) for attachment to any objects (2), in particular moving objects, comprising at least one detection pattern (3). The invention is characterized in that the detection pattern (3) is arranged on a first surface (4a) of a carrier material (4), the carrier material (4) being detachable by means of a second surface (4b) on a surface of the object (2a) insoluble attachable.

Description

The invention relates to a passive marker according to the closer defined in the preamble of claim 1.

In principle, systems for the detection of objects from the prior art are known. The detection of objects is usually based on pattern recognition, whereby deterministic methods and / or machine learning are used. Experience has shown that such methods are limited and there are misdetections.

Furthermore, active, radio-based communication systems are known to transmit the position and behavior of objects such as pedestrians to a vehicle. With such methods, the detection and classification performance can be increased.

An Indian DE 10 2014 106 890 A1 disclosed driver assistance system can detect an existing in the road network object such as a road sign or a Leitpost with a vehicle disposed in the radar sensor. For this purpose, a radar tag coded with an information is arranged on the existing road sign or guide post. With an evaluation means and an output means, for example, the type of object or even an information associated with the object, such as a maximum speed, can be evaluated and displayed in the vehicle.

The WO 2012/154117 A1 shows a guide post with an applied tag and a radar reflector. The tag can be designed, for example, as a barcode or QR code. From a vehicle, for example, route information, such as curve conditions, can be read out, wherein the position of the guide post with the respective position is determined via the radar reflector.

In object detection by environmental sensors such as radar, camera or lidar real objects, such as pedestrians, can not be detected and / or classified with absolute reliability. Other systems allow only the detection of fixed, non-moving objects.

The object of the present invention is now to propose a device by means of which a detection and classification of objects, in particular also of moving objects, is further improved.

This object is achieved by a passive marker with the features in claim 1 and in particular in the characterizing part of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments and further developments emerge from the subclaims dependent thereon.

The core of the passive marker according to the invention or passive tags forms at least one detection pattern which is arranged on a carrier material and can be attached to any objects in a detachable or non-detachable manner. For systems such as driver assistance systems and autonomous driving, which are based on environment-sensing sensors and the detection or classification of objects, in addition directly from objects that are equipped with at least one such passive marker, get clear information. This can be done in addition to the classical sensor data processing algorithms and machine learning of the systems.

By a passive marker according to the invention is without additional communication element and without additional communication between the object and a detected system, such as a vehicle, a unique source of information available. The information flows, so to speak, directly into the system via the at least one sensor.

The object is preferably a moving object, such as a pedestrian. Such equipped pedestrians, especially children, can be reliably classified with such a passive marker, thereby significantly improving an emergency brake assist. A pedestrian can also be provided with several markers at different positions.

The passive marker according to the invention is inexpensive, requires no power supply and can be attached to moving objects or objects of the infrastructure or traffic infrastructure, such as signs for highway exit or the like.

With the aid of a passive tag according to the invention, object detection can take place without additional communication between the object and the detecting system, such as a vehicle. The information to be determined can be determined directly via the sensors and incorporated into the system. This can be achieved in particular by a detection pattern or a combination of several sensor-specific detection patterns.

Preferably, at least two sensor-specific detection patterns or a combination of a plurality of sensor-specific detection patterns on the first surface, ie on the front side, of the Be arranged carrier material, for example, a combination of a classic optical encoding, such as at least one QR code, with at least one radar reflector is possible. In this case, for example, at least one QR code and a plurality of very small corner reflectors can be combined on a type of adhesive film.

According to a very advantageous development of the idea, it may be provided that the detection pattern is designed as a QR code, Corner reflector, Rückstrahlsignatur, optically detectable pattern and / or radar reflector. For example, a type of brooch or pendant may be provided with a marker according to the invention and have a defined Radarrückstrahlquerschnitt and additionally at least one detectable by optical sensors such as a lidar or a camera pattern.

A further advantageous embodiment may provide that the second surface, d. H. a back, is designed as an adhesive surface or mechanical connecting means, so that the marker can be flexibly attached to different surfaces or mechanically fixed.

A very favorable development of the marker according to the invention provides that the object is a movable object such as a license plate holder, a license plate, a person or a vehicle. In this case, for example, at least one marker can be directly applied or glued onto a license plate holder or license plate. For example, lighting units or lighting devices of a vehicle can directly use the sensor-specific detection pattern. In this case, a high-frequency flashing signal can also be used as an optical path.

In a preferred embodiment, the object may be a stationary object such as a bridge pier, a sign bridge, a traffic sign or a traffic light, so that information can be transmitted by means of passive markers independently of traffic signs. This is particularly advantageous in autonomous driving. Thus, for example, the localization of an autonomous vehicle can be supported at critical points or the environmental detection can be supported by object identifications by at least one passive mark on each bridge pier or on a gantry. In the case of gantries, especially with change indicator, additional information about the optical path can be transmitted via a change in frequency of the lighting units, such as the LED lights. Furthermore, the same advantages apply as for passive markers on moving objects.

By a passive tag according to the invention, the detection and classification can be improved. The passive tag may have a detection pattern or even a combination of several sensor-specific detection patterns. In the case of a camera, this can be, for example, an optical coding, such as a QR code. In the case of radar sensors, clearly identifiable retroreflective signatures or microdoppler effects can be used.

Further advantages of the marker according to the invention will become apparent from the remaining dependent claims and will be apparent from the embodiments, which are described below with reference to the figures.

• 1 eine schematische Draufsicht auf einen Straßenverlauf;
• 2 eine mögliche Ausgestaltung eines erfindungsgemäßen passiven Markers;
• 3 eine mögliche Situation eines passierenden Fußgängers aus Sicht eines Fahrzeugs.

Showing:

• 1 a schematic plan view of a street course;
• 2 a possible embodiment of a passive marker according to the invention;
• 3 a possible situation of a passing pedestrian from the perspective of a vehicle.

In the presentation of the 1 is a plan view of a road to recognize. In the street 8th are two oncoming vehicles 7 shown. Each of the two vehicles 7 can do this via a passive marker 1 For example, on each front and rear license plate of each vehicle 7 is arranged, which form a movable object. The at the side of the road 8th arranged stationary objects 2 in the form of road signs 5 each have a passive marker 1 which can be identified / read by the passing vehicles. About in the vehicle 7 arranged sensors can be the passive markers 1 detected and the type of object found 2 be classified. About such a passive marker 1 can thus move and move objects 2 be detected and classified.

A possible embodiment of a passive marker according to the invention 1 is in 2 shown. On a carrier material 4 is on a first surface 4a a detection pattern 3 arranged in the form of a QR code. Furthermore, on the first surface 4a a radar reflector 10 available. With a second surface 4b (not visible) is the marker 1 on a surface 2a an object 2 fixable detachably or permanently. The carrier material 4 may be formed, for example, as an adhesive film.

A possible situation of a passing pedestrian 6 from the perspective of a vehicle 7 is in 3 to recognize. In the presentation, the pedestrian crosses 6 from a left side of the street 8th and puts the distance S back. The pedestrian 6 is also at least a passive marker 1 equipped, with the marker 1 at any position on the pedestrian 6 , for example, on clothing, can be fixed. The marker 1 For example, an execution after 2 exhibit. About a sensor of the vehicle 7 can the pedestrian 6 be detected along the route S and optionally identified. This can be a driver, for example via a display device 9 be identified. Using such a passive marker 1 For example, an emergency brake assist can be significantly improved, especially in the case of moving objects 2 such as children. Of course, the described embodiments of the passive marker can be 1 in the 1 to 3 also combine with each other, so that different possibilities arise, in particular, further embodiments of the detection pattern in combination with other sensor-specific detection patterns are possible.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102014106890 A1 [0004]
• WO 2012/154117 A1 [0005]

Claims (6)

Passive marker (1) for attachment to any objects (2), in particular moving objects, comprising at least one detection pattern (3), characterized in that the detection pattern (3) is arranged on a first surface (4a) of a carrier material (4), wherein the carrier material (4) by means of a second surface (4b) on a surface of the object (2a) is releasably or permanently attached. Passive marker (1) after Claim 1 , characterized in that at least two sensor-specific detection pattern (3) or a combination of a plurality of sensor-specific detection pattern (3) on the first surface (4a) are arranged. Passive marker (1) after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the detection pattern (3) as a QR code, corner reflector, Rückstrahlsignatur, optically detectable pattern and / or radar reflector is formed. Passive marker (1) after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the second surface (4b) is formed as an adhesive surface or has mechanical connection means. Passive marker (1) after one of Claims 1 to 4 , characterized in that the object (2) is a movable object such as a license plate holder, a license plate, a person (6) or a vehicle (7). Passive marker (1) after one of Claims 1 to 5 , characterized in that the object (2) is a stationary object such as a bridge pier, a sign bridge, a traffic sign (5) or a traffic light.

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