DE102017215882A1 - Device for charging an electrochemical traction energy storage device of a means of locomotion - Google Patents

Abstract

A device for charging an electrochemical traction energy store (4) of a locomotion means (10) is proposed, the device (1) comprising: - an electrochemical energy store (3) for charging the traction energy store (4) of the means of locomotion (10), - a charging plug (2) for establishing an electrical connection to the traction energy store (4) of the locomotion means (10), - an evaluation unit (5), - a transmitting device (6) and - a locating module (7), the locating module (7) being set up, to determine a position of the device (1) and to send it by means of the transmitting device (6) to a central management device (9).

Description

The present invention relates to a device for charging an electrochemical energy storage, which can also be used for a means of transportation. In particular, the present invention relates to a flexible positioning and needs satisfaction as well as a needs and use determination for the charging behavior. In a secondary aspect, possibilities for theft prevention and information are described.

The electrification of passenger transport is currently progressing rapidly. Since a large number of potential users do not have access to their own charging infrastructure or can not provide them due to their living situation, there is a great need for publicly accessible charging stations. Depending on the public power grid, however, many positions where there would basically be a need for a charging infrastructure are not adequately provided with charging stations. While currently about 35% of Germans live in a home and thus basically can provide a charging station for an electric vehicle parked on their own land, for 65% of Germans who live for rent or in apartments, providing their own connection for charging electric vehicles due to residential situations not possible. At least there is currently no claim against the landlord to approve structural changes to provide a wallbox.

WO 2016/203383 A1 discloses a mobile charging station with a hook attached to its top, by means of which the charging station can be moved by a transport vehicle from a first position to a second position. Within the mobile charging station, an electrochemical energy storage is arranged, from which the electrical energy required for charging can be removed.

Based on the aforementioned prior art, it is an object of the present invention to make the need for charging infrastructure better ascertainable and to better protect the charging infrastructure against theft.

Disclosure of the invention

The above object is achieved according to the invention by the technology disclosed below. This is based on a charging station u.a. for charging electrically driven vehicles, which is self-sufficient and flexible. This means that it will be loaded where the network infrastructure is sufficient. This can be done, for example, in the area of wind turbines, transformer stations, rail feed-in points and other high-capacity power grid areas. Subsequently, the flexible charging station is brought over the road to the places of use. At these positions, the local power grid does not need to be adapted to charge electric vehicles. The flexible charging and service column (also referred to below as "device") requires no installation and no mains connection. It can provide charging power of more than 1 kW. It can have an external monitor which can at least approximately completely surround the circumference of the charging station. On this display, a light banner, infotainment and advertising can be displayed. Likewise, a luminous element enclosing the outer circumference of the flexible charging column can be provided, whose color and / or illumination pattern inform passers-by about whether the charging station is available or occupied / empty. In addition, location / charging points remote monitoring functions, an outdoor camera, a Wi-Fi hotspot, etc., can be integrated to attract prospects / customers for the concept and / or to offer services to pay. For example, 2, 3, 4, or more charging plugs may be used to charge electrically powered vehicles, i.a. Pantograph be provided. These can allow low to high voltage charging. Alternatively or additionally, standard household sockets for the electrification of so-called "Food" -Trucks, parking heaters, car-heaters, e-bikes, e-scooters, etc. may be provided. In addition, the charging station includes a connection option for an external power supply (plug-in). In other words, it is possible to charge the electrochemical energy store provided in the charging column without having to remove the energy store from the charging station. Alternatively or additionally, a transport hook is provided, which can carry the weight of the charging station in the range of 1 ton to 5 tons, preferably in the range of 3 tons. Alternatively or additionally, buffers (English: Bumper) may be provided on the outside of the charging station as a transport protection. In addition, a theft protection against unauthorized removal of the charging station may be provided. For example, an off-site surveillance, a location system (e.g., GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, etc.), an outdoor camera, an acceleration sensor, etc., may be provided to detect unpredicted, unauthorized movement of the charging station and take appropriate action.

The charging capacity can be adapted to the state of battery cell development, with a capacity of about 500 kWh in a first generation, 700 kWh in a second generation and about 1000 kWh in a third generation. The volume of the charging column can, for example, in the range between 1 m ³ and 3 m ³ , in particular between 1.2 m ³ and 2 m ³ , most preferably in Range between 1.4 m ³ and 1.8 m ³ . The height of the charging station can be, for example, in a range between 1 m and 2.50 m, preferably between 1.60 m and 2 m, to allow the transfer to parking garages. Preferably, the base of the charging station is suitable to comply with the dimensions of a Euro pallet of about 1.20 mx 0.8 m.

For operating the charging station, a touch-sensitive display on the outside and, alternatively or additionally, an operating concept developed by the automobile manufacturer (English: "HMI", German: "MMI") may be provided for the operation of the available functions. Job management of the charging station may include charging power selection, charging current (DC / AC), power indicator of a charge / charge status, jobs currently being processed or upcoming, and invoicing. Also a so-called plug-and-charge functionality can be offered depending on availability.

Value-added services can be offered to customers: For example, update services can be offered by an automobile manufacturer, internet services provided, information and entertainment on board and shop and advertising on board can be obtained via the charging station.

In addition to services to be paid, public services such as an emergency call function, a defibrillator, small cells, an area map / environmental information and recommendations regarding hotels, cafes, attractions, etc., are made available via the charging station.

The inventively proposed flexible charging stations can be parked at predefined points in the public / commercial sector and put into operation. The current location of the flexible charging stations, their filling level and options for reserving the respective charging station are displayed to the users in one application and at the charging station itself. Different vehicles (cars, vans, trucks, e-bikes, pedelecs, etc.) can be charged by making an electrical connection to the traction energy storage. Depending on the need and availability as well as the customer's willingness to pay different charging capacities of up to 100 kW or more can be realized. Once the state of charge approaches a predefined lower threshold (e.g., 20%), replacement of the charging station can be initiated. For this purpose, the logistics service provider handles the replacement of the charging station. This process can be handled, for example, by flatbed trucks, vans, trucks, etc., which are equipped with a crane / crane load. By means of the transport vehicles, the electrically discharged flexible charging stations are brought to a regional power withdrawal point (e.g., to a power generator, into a wind farm, or the like). After the electrical charging of the flexible charging stations, brings a corresponding transport vehicle, the charging station back to its place of use, which may coincide with the previous location, but does not have to agree with this.

According to one aspect of the presently disclosed technology, the battery packs within the flexible charging stations are loaded at regional power in / out points, which may coincide with an operator management manager, but need not coincide with the management devices. In particular, charging may be off-grid at the generator (e.g., at a wind farm, tidal power plant, solar power plant, geothermal power plant, or the like) or in an electrical network (e.g., electric rail network / traction current). Here, the coupling of the regional charging centers to a so-called. Smart grid (grid stabilization, electricity trading, etc.) is possible. The users of electrical energy derived from the flexible charging stations according to the invention may be any of a wide variety of vehicles (e.g., e-vehicles, e-trucks, e-bikes) or other collectors (e.g., stationary or mobile stores, stalls or the like). They can also be used to smooth peak pickup power. The charging can be done in AC or DC technology. The flexible charging stations can be remotely monitored, with an exchange, if the state of charge and / or state of health (SOH) below a predefined minimum value.

The price for the stay of a vehicle in the immediate vicinity of the flexible charging station can be staggered according to the charging power, the amount of energy consumed / energy quality and / or the duration of the parking. Extensive additional functions (public, loyalty, services and advertising) can be booked free or for a fee. The charging stations generally operate autonomously, but can be remotely monitored or remotely controlled via the administrative facility or the operator.

Extensive and sophisticated sensor technology allows the charging stations to be positioned and operated as required by the customer. Maintenance requirements and / or updating requirements can be communicated by wire and / or wireless to the management device.

Based on the above-described technology, the above object is achieved by means of a device for charging an electrochemical energy store. The means of locomotion can be, for example, an electrically at least partially drivable means of locomotion. The device (also referred to above as "charging station" or "flexible charging station") comprises an electrochemical energy store for charging the energy store of the means of transportation. In particular, the capacity of the electrochemical energy store is sufficient to accomplish a plurality of charges, in particular 5 to 50 charges, from the energy store medium capacity classes, without having to take in the meantime even energy. At least one charging plug, in particular two to six charging plugs, are provided for producing a respective electrical connection to an energy store of the means of transport to be charged. Such a charging plug can be for example a type 2 charging plug. An evaluation unit (eg a programmable processor, an electronic control unit, a microcontroller, or the like) is provided to carry out the steps for operating the device, to collect the sensory information and to develop the information to be output. For communication with the periphery of the device, a transmitting device is provided, which can be configured, for example, as a transceiver device. The information can be transported, for example, wirelessly and / or by means of the Internet. A locating module is provided for determining the position of the device. It may, for example, enable a satellite-based and / or GSM-based and / or a WLAN-based and / or a Bluetooth-based location of the device. The locating module is configured to detect a position of the device. The position of the device can be used for different applications. The evaluation of the position and / or additional information can be done, for example, in a central administration facility of an operator of the device. The management device can receive the position and, in particular, additional information via the transmitting device. Thus, the management device can, if necessary, at fixed intervals, event-based or on request, the position of the device in experience. In particular, in conjunction with additional information, the management device may take appropriate measures to make the use of the device of the invention more convenient, the availability of electrical energy more durable, and the illegal removal of the device from the position less attractive / difficult or traceable. As a result, the operation of a device according to the invention over devices of the generic type known in the prior art is more lucrative or less costly and more flexible with respect to location selection. The required components are arranged in the device and require no further components outside the device itself. The expected value of an economically meaningful operation of the device increases.

The dependent claims show preferred developments of the invention.

The evaluation unit of the device can be set up, for example, to associate information about the process of loading the currently loaded means of transportation with the position.

The information may, for example, describe the amount of energy consumed, the time of day selected for the charging process, the day of the week, weather conditions, traffic conditions and many other data and associate it with the position of the device. By sending a corresponding record to the central management facility, the operator of the inventive device can collect valuable information about the demand and the usage behavior at the location. In particular, several charging processes can be associated with the position and, after a certain period of time, medium-term or long-term knowledge about the location of the device (in particular with regard to its suitability for the provision of an optionally stationary charging station) can be drawn. The information which is associated with the position in the course of the process of loading the means of locomotion can in particular be supplemented or provided by environmental sensors of the device.

The evaluation unit may be configured to detect a deviation of the position from a desired position and to detect a theft or damage of the device in response to a deviation between the actual position and the desired position. The nominal position may in principle be the location of use of the device, as long as an official and authorized shipment of the device to another place of use / energy intake point has not been initiated. Once the theft of the device has been detected, a variety of suitable measures can be taken which can be initiated by the device itself and / or by the operator / manager without limiting the response to the theft to the aforementioned instances. For example, an acceleration sensor may be arranged in the device and provided for determining acceleration values. Depending on the quality and / or the quantity of the acceleration values, for example, with the aid of a predefined reference, the theft of the device and / or vandalism, a Damage and / or an accident can be detected. For example, the acceleration values may indicate that the device is located on a crane, as this usually can be found in a narrow frequency band located harmonic oscillations and changes in position of the device. Vandalism can be detected, for example, by jerky acceleration signals. In particular, a crash can be detected by acceleration signals of a predefined height. Depending on the acceleration signal, assistance (eg via a loudspeaker / outside screen), alerts or notifications to emergency services / police may be issued to respond appropriately to the incident. A camera can be provided for the documentation and determination of the causer and automatically switched on.

For example, the device may be arranged to send an information representing the theft to the administrative facility / operator in response to the detection of a theft. For example, by accessing the environmental sensor system of the device, the operator can obtain additional information about the situation and initiate short-term measures. An alarm signal can also be transmitted, for example, digitally, acoustically, optically, etc., into the environment of the device. In particular, registered users can receive a message via their smartphone and, for example, get an incentive to rush to the affected device for help. By way of acoustic and / or visual signals, all passers-by, irrespective of their contractual relationship with the operator of the device, can be made aware of the incident and given an incentive (e.g., of a financial nature) in the event of assistance. Alternatively or additionally, to avoid consequential damage and / or personal injury, the electrical energy storage of the device can be made unusable. If a corresponding message is issued in case of abuse, forcible opening of the device may be avoided. In particular, in the case of communication, the fact that the electrical energy stores are made unusable in the event of forced opening eliminates the incentive for theft. For example, the energy storage can be made harmless / unusable by penetration by metal bolts.

In order to make the transport of the device at a new place of use or to a place for electrically charging the device as efficient as possible, a transport device can be provided in order to be mechanically intervened by a transport vehicle. For example, a hook, an eyelet, or the like may be arranged on an upper side of the device. This or this can be taken by a hook or an eyelet on a crane of the transport vehicle in order to lift the device and spend by means of the transport vehicle. To complicate theft of the device, the transport device can only be released in response to a successful authorization of the transport vehicle / a user. In other words, the transport may be secured against mechanical intervention by the transport vehicle (e.g., by an automatically-open door) until the transport vehicle initiates a successful authorization procedure.

Particularly much information about the situation of the device can be achieved remotely by means of cameras, which are arranged in the device, protected against vandalism and set up to detect an environment of the device. In response to the (automatic) detection of theft of the device and, alternatively or additionally, in response to a manager / operator signal, a record taken by the camera may be stored and / or sent to an appropriate distance. Also, a live stream of the data of the camera (s) or even a bi-directional visual / audiovisual connection through the outside display of the device may be established between a control center / manager and a user / passer / thief to facilitate the communication convey. In particular, a plurality of cameras can be arranged on the device and used for the illumination of a surrounding area completely or closed surrounding the device.

An external display, which is provided for example for the presentation of advertising / multimedia presentations, may in response to a detection of a theft of the device, present a message to a passer or the thief, with an image of the camera of the device completing the display on the external display / can replace. In this way, the passer-by / the thief is made aware that the situation is captured by the camera and possibly documented. Alternatively or additionally, a thief / vandal can be illustrated by a legal norm and a punishment awaiting him on the outside display in order to dissuade him from his intention.

In response to receiving a signal from a device as described in detail above which represents a theft of the device, a second device according to the invention may be notified that the first device is being unlawfully moved to another position. The For example, signal may be radiated digitally into the environment of the stolen device. In order to render ineffective an electromagnetic encapsulation of the device by the thief, an acoustic (also on inaudible frequency) and / or optical output of the signal can be received and interpreted by the stolen device by means of the second device according to the invention. In this way, the second device can still report the theft of the first device, even if a direct notification of the operator by the first device is situation-dependent (not possible). In this case, for example, the time, the direction of travel, acceleration values, an acoustic recording, pictures taken by the stolen device or the camera of the second device, etc., can be sent to the operator / manager to solve the theft Determine location of the shipment of the first device. For example, the device may include a height sensor (barometer) for using a height profile over time to reconstruct a traveled route. Accordingly, acceleration and / or tilt values over time, regardless of the reception of electromagnetic signals from a satellite-based navigation system, can provide information about the path of the stolen device.

In principle, the location of the device according to the invention makes it possible to obtain a large number of findings which are also valuable to the operator in normal / normal operation. For example, the charging behavior of the increasing number of (e-vehicle) users can be learned, anticipated and extrapolated into the future, so that the needs of the (potential) customers can be reacted flexibly and quickly. If the charging behavior can be predicted, the flexible charging stations may possibly be integrated into the stationary / circuit-switched power network, if desired. In particular, the inventive devices / flexible charging columns can be used for network stabilization under load fluctuations / current fluctuations. In addition, the charging station according to the invention offers additional functions, such as A Wi-Fi hotspot, environmental information, advertising and thus breaks down the contact fears of passers-by, increasing the safety and quality of life in urban areas. In addition, so-called "small cells" can be integrated into the device to improve the LTE network.

• 1 eine beispielhafte Situation einer Verbringung eines ersten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung / Ladesäule und eine Verwendung eines zweiten Ausführungsbeispiels einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung / Ladesäule.

Further details, features and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the following description and the figure. It shows:

• 1 an exemplary situation of a shipment of a first embodiment of a device / charging station according to the invention and a use of a second embodiment of a device / charging station according to the invention.

Preferred embodiments

1 shows the administrative facility 9 an operator, who a variety of inventive devices in the form of flexible charging columns 1 provides. A first flexible charging station 1a is on a transport vehicle 13 a thief 17 which is the charging station 1a by means of a crane on a hook 12 lifted as a transport device and on the bed of the transport vehicle 13 has made. The charging station 1a has an electrochemical energy storage in the form of a battery 3 on, by means of which a traction energy storage 4 an electrically driven car 10 can be loaded. An antenna 6 as a transmitting device is set up to report the theft wirelessly to the operator. The theft is via an accelerometer 8th and a location module 7 indicating the position of the device by means of a satellite 20 determined, determined. The electronic control unit 5 The evaluation unit compares the acceleration values of the acceleration sensor 8th with predefined references and sends on reaching or exceeding the references the signals of the locating module 7 , the signals of the acceleration sensor 8th , the signals of a camera 14 as well as the signals of an acoustic microphone 21 to the operator. About the outside display 16 can the charging station 1a the environment, passersby and especially the thief 17 to draw attention to the fact that the theft is currently reported, the environment acoustically, visually and with regard to acceleration and together with the position of the charging station 1a reported to the operator. If the thief then does not abandon his plan, a speaker can 15 be caused an acoustic signal 11 to radiate into the environment, for example, from a second charging station 1b received at the roadside and compared with a predefined reference. Based on the comparison with the predefined reference is the second charging station 1b able to detect the theft and through the first charging station 1a to the second charging station 1b transmitted information to the operator or the administrative body 9 to send. The second charging station 1b is itself in a normal state, in which the hook 12 under a sliding cover 18 is protected against unauthorized access. Only in response to the receipt of a positively verified authorization signal is the sliding cover 18 moved to the hook 12 for intervention by the authorized transport vehicle 13 release. The second charging station 1b has two charging plugs 2 on, by means of which an electrical connection between the battery 3 and the traction energy storage 4 of the car 10 can be produced. To the loading time for the user 19 as entertaining as possible, is on an outdoor display 16 an action movie is shown whose soundtrack via the transmitting / receiving device 6 the second charging station 1b to the transmitting / receiving device 6 of the car 10 sent and via the audio system of the car 10 by means of a loudspeaker 15 in the interior or in the passenger compartment of the car 10 is reproduced.

Due to the inventive design of a charging station / flexible charging station / device for charging a traction energy storage of an electrically driven means of transport, the site is more flexibly selectable and the evaluation of the use of the device greatly simplified. The economy is also increased by the fact that vandalism and theft probability is effectively lowered and the attractiveness of charging electrically powered vehicles of the inventively designed device over the prior art arrangements for customers is higher.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1, 1a, 1b

flexible charging station

2

charging plug

3

battery

4

Traction energy storage

5

electrical control unit, evaluation unit

6

Transceiver, antenna

7

locating module

8th

accelerometer

9

manager

10

electrically driven car

11

acoustic signal

12

hook

13

transport vehicle

14

camera

15

speaker

16

external display

17

Thief

18

sliding cover

19

Inmate / user

20

satellite

21

microphone

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2016/203383 A1 [0003]

Claims (10)

Device for charging an electrochemical energy store (4) of a means of locomotion (10), the device (1) comprising: an electrochemical energy store (3) for charging the energy store (4) of the means of locomotion (10), a charging plug (2) for establishing an electrical connection to the traction energy store (4) of the means of locomotion (10), an evaluation unit (5), - A transmitting device (6) and - A tracking module (7), wherein - The locating module (7) is arranged to detect a position of the device (1) and to send by means of the transmitting device (6) to a central management device (9). Device after Claim 1 wherein the evaluation unit (5) is arranged to - associate information on the operation of loading the means of locomotion (10) with the position and - to send a corresponding data record to the management device (9). Device after Claim 1 or 2 , wherein the evaluation unit (5) is set up to detect a deviation of the position from a desired position and, in response to the deviation, to detect a theft of the device (1a). Device according to one of the preceding claims further comprising an acceleration sensor (8) - wherein the evaluation unit (5) is arranged to detect an acceleration signal of a predefined quality and / or quantity by means of the acceleration sensor (8) and in response to the acceleration signal (8) - Identify a theft of the device (1a). Device according to one of the preceding Claims 3 or 4 wherein the device (1a) is arranged in response to the detection of the theft, - send a message representing the theft to the management device (9) and / or - send an alarm signal (11) into an environment of the device (1a) and / or - rendering the electrical energy store (3) of the device (1a) unusable. Device according to one of the preceding claims further comprising - A transport device (12) which is adapted to be used by a transport vehicle (13) for establishing a mechanical connection and for loading the device (1a) on the transport vehicle (13). Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the evaluation unit (5) is set up, - to associate information about the state of the energy store (3), in particular its charge state, with the position and - To send a corresponding record to the management device (9) and / or its associated transport vehicle (13). Device according to one of the preceding claims further comprising a camera (14) for detecting an environment of the device (1a), - wherein the camera (14) is arranged in response to - Theft of the device (1a) and / or an accident and / or Vandalism and / or a signal from the administrative facility (9) to store a record of the camera (14) and / or to send it to the management device (9). Device according to one of the preceding claims further comprising an external display (16), which is arranged in response to a detection of a theft of the device (1a). a message to a passer-by and / or a thief (17) and / or an image of a camera (14) of the device (1a) display. Apparatus according to any one of the preceding claims, further arranged in response to receiving a signal (11) of a device (1a) according to any one of the preceding claims representing a theft to send a signal representing the theft and one's own current position to the management device (9) or another charging station.

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