DE102017207973A1 - switchgear arrangement - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a switchgear arrangement having a first and a second encapsulated switchgear pole (10, 20), each with a vertically arranged vacuum interrupter. The switchgear poles have housings (11, 21) which each have at least one metallic side surface (12, 22). The first and second switchgear pole are mounted such that the at least one metallic side surface (12) of the housing (11) of the first switchgear pole (10) and the at least one metallic side surface (22) of the housing (21) of the second switchgear pole (20) are mutually connected facing and form a gap (50). Furthermore, the switchgear arrangement has a fan arrangement with at least one fan (51, 52), which is arranged in the lower region of the housing of the second switchgear pole and sucks in air from the lower region of the switchgear assembly and / or from outside the switchgear assembly and into the intermediate space (50 ).

Description

The present invention relates to an improved switchgear arrangement.

In gas-insulated switchgear there is a considerable heating of the live parts during operation. The heat development results from the caused by the electrical resistance of the current-carrying parts power loss. This electrical resistance is composed of various components: on the one hand from the line resistance of the current-carrying parts themselves, determined by their cross-section, length and conductor material; and on the other hand from the contact resistances at the contact points between different live parts.

Heating is the limiting factor in the design of a switchgear for a given rated current, as certain specified by standards temperatures at live components must not be exceeded.

In gas-insulated switchgear it is essentially the task of the insulating gas to transport the heat from the live parts in the interior of the switchgear to the outer metal housing. Accordingly, the metal housing heats up during operation and it is an object of the present invention to provide a switchgear arrangement in which the heat is effectively removed from the metal housing of the switchgear.

This object is achieved by a switchgear assembly with a first single pole encapsulated switchgear pole with vertically arranged vacuum interrupter, the housing has at least one metallic side surface and a second single pole encapsulated Schaltungsanpol with vertically arranged vacuum interrupter, the housing also has at least one metallic side surface. Here, the first and second switchgear pole are mounted such that the at least one metallic side surface of the housing of the first switchgear pole and the at least one metallic side surface of the housing of the second switchgear pole face each other and form a gap. A fan arrangement with at least one fan draws in air from the lower area of the switchgear arrangement and / or from outside the switchgear arrangement and introduces this into the intermediate space.

In a development of the present invention, the switchgear arrangement has a third single-pole encapsulated switchgear pole with a vertically arranged vacuum interrupter, the housing of which has at least one metallic side face. In this development, the second switchgear pole is arranged between the first and the third switchgear pole, and the housing of the second switchgear pole has at least one second metallic side face. The second and the third switchgear pole are mounted such that they face at least one metallic side surface of the housing of the third switchgear pole and the at least one second metallic side surface of the housing of the second switchgear pole form a second gap. The fan assembly also introduces air into the second space.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the fan arrangement has an intake duct arrangement with a plurality of intake ducts, through which air is drawn in from several directions inside and / or outside the switchgear arrangements.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the fan arrangement has an outlet channel arrangement with a plurality of outlet channels.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the fan assembly has two fans per gap, which are arranged on different sides of the respective gap.

In this case, the fan arrangement can be designed so that between angle of attack α of the two fans per space relative to the vertical in the direction of the respective gap, distance a of the fans and effective cooling height h of the respective gap limiting switchgear side surfaces the relationship applies: $$\mathrm{\alpha }=\text{arctan}\left[\text{a /}\left(2*\text{H}\right)\right]\pm 5°,$$

An important advantage of the present invention is the fact that with a relatively simple fan arrangement (two fans or a fan with corresponding air ducts or outlet channels), the cooling of the housing each two adjacent switchgear poles can be effected. The invention enables more compact dimensions and / or higher current ratings of the switchgear.

In the following, embodiments of the present invention will be explained in more detail with reference to figures.

1 and 2 show a switchgear assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention from the front and in Top view in a schematic representation; and 3 shows a preferred fan assembly with two fans.

In 1 and 2 a switchgear assembly according to a preferred embodiment of the present invention is shown schematically. It shows 1 the view of the switchgear assembly from the front and 2 the view of the switchgear assembly from above.

In the presentation of the 1 and 2 is a three-pole switchgear arrangement 100 shown in a rack 110 three switchgear poles 10 . 20 . 30 are mounted. At the switchboard poles 10 . 20 . 30 These are, for example, unipolar encapsulated switchgear poles with a vertically arranged vacuum interrupter, which together form the three-pole switchgear arrangement 100 form.

Inside such a switchgear, a thermal convection current forms during operation. Current-carrying elements of the switchgear heat up due to the power loss caused by the current flow and give off heat to an insulating gas inside the switchgear. This heated insulating gas circulates in the switchgear 10 . 20 . 30 and gives heat to an inner wall of the (for better heat dissipation usually metallic) switchgear housing 11 . 21 . 31 from.

However, it is not necessary for the functioning of the present invention that the entire housing 11 . 21 . 31 made of metal. It is only important that the heat dissipation serving parts of the side surfaces made of metal.

The serving for heat dissipation parts of the side surfaces (hereinafter referred to simplify side surfaces) are in the present embodiment, the second Schaltungsanpol 20 facing side surface 12 of the first switchgear pole 10 that the first switchgear pole 10 facing side surface 22 of the second switchgear pole, the third switchgear pole 30 facing side surface 23 of the second switchgear pole 20 and the second switchgear pole 20 facing side surface 32 third switchgear pole 30 ,

The switchgear poles are mounted so that these side surfaces have two spaces 50 and 60 form. A gap 50 is located between the first and the second switchgear pole, another gap 60 is located between the second and the third switchgear pole.

The design of the serving for cooling side surfaces plays no special role for the present invention. The side surfaces may be flat or curved and / or be provided with cooling fins or other cooling structures. The side surfaces 12 . 22 . 23 . 32 can, but need not, be the same.

In the in 1 and 2 illustrated embodiment, the housing 11 . 21 . 31 the three switchgear poles 10 . 20 . 30 identical. This has advantages in view of simplifications in production and assembly of course, but is not necessary for the functioning of the present invention - the housing 11 . 21 . 31 can also be chosen differently.

In the embodiment of 1 and 2 are the housings 11, 21 . 31 above the so-called execution 14 (only visible for the first switchgear 10 ) in a very rough approximation cuboid. In the area of implementation, the housings are tapered. Although the approximately parallelepiped housing shape as well as the taper facilitate the retrofitting of existing switchgear arrangements, but are not necessary for the functioning of the present invention. For example, cylindrical housings can also be used.

The switchgear poles are in the example of 1 and 2 mounted so that the largest side surfaces of the cuboid housing very roughly approach each other. Although this is not necessary, but advantageous because the inventive equipment of the switchgear assembly with a fan assembly in the spaces 50, 60 thus acts on the largest side surface.

These side faces each facing another switchgear pole may or may not be the same. For example, the first side surface 22 of the housing 21 of the second switchgear pole 20 and the second side surface 23 of the housing 21 of the second switchgear pole 20 designed differently. Because the case 11 . 31 the other switchgear poles 10 . 30 are the same, the spaces between 50 and 60 through two different side surfaces 12 . 22 . 23 . 32 limited.

gap 50 is limited by the first side surface 12 of the housing 11 of the first switchgear pole 10 and the first side surface 22 of the housing 21 of the second switchgear pole 20 ,

In the area of rejuvenation of the housing 21 (This means a significant reduction of the housing circumference) of the second switchgear pole 20 (corresponds due to the identical housing 11 . 21 the area of rejuvenation of the housing 11 of the first switchgear pole 10 ) A fan assembly is installed, the air into the gap 50 initiates. In other embodiments of the invention, the housing of the switchgear poles on no tapers. The fan assembly is mounted in this case in the lower part of the housing, eg half housing height or lower.

The fan assembly includes in a structurally simple and therefore preferred case two fans 51 . 52 that are slightly inclined, so that of the fans 51 . 52 generated air flow is introduced into the intermediate space. The air is sucked to a part of a lower portion of the switchgear assembly and to another part of the outside of the switchgear assembly, wherein one of these two shares can also be omitted.

The location of the suction of the air can be determined by a Ansaugkanalanordnung and in particular can be chosen as a Ansaugort with extra cool air to improve the efficiency of the fan cooling. For example, by means of the intake duct arrangement, air may be drawn in from outside the control room or supplied by a cooling unit (not shown).

The introduction of the airflow into the gap can be done by the two fans 51 . 52 also be achieved by an alternative fan arrangement having at least one fan and an outlet channel arrangement, wherein the outlet or the outlets of the outlet channel arrangement in the intermediate space 50 in the lower part of the housing 21 of the second switchgear pole 20 be mounted (not shown). The advantage of such a fan arrangement is that only one fan subject to wear must be operated and maintained, and several intermediate spaces 50 . 60 can be supplied, however, such Auslasskanalanordnung requires appropriate space.

In the preferred embodiment, as explained, two fans 51 . 52 , mounted in the lower part of the housing. This has the particular advantage that through this fan assembly not in the existing structural details of the switchgear 100 (Housing geometries, particularly advantageous if they already have a housing taper for other reasons; 110 for the switchgear; Distances of the switchgear poles, etc.) must be intervened. Thus, on the one hand existing switchgear assemblies can be retrofitted with a fan assembly according to the invention and on the other hand, it is possible to produce new switchgear assemblies with minimal changes (affecting only the additional installation of the fans) over the conventional structure.

In the preferred embodiment, the fans are 51 . 52 arranged laterally to facilitate installation and maintenance (Schaltanlageananordnung 100 is accessible from both sides when mounted). The installation of the fans is carried out in the preferred embodiment by means of U-shaped sheets 120 . 130 , with which the required installation height of the inwardly inclined fans 51 . 52 will be produced.

The inclination of the fans is determined in the preferred embodiment according to the formula $$\mathrm{\alpha }=\text{arctan}\left[\text{a /}\left(2*\text{H}\right)\right]\pm 5°,$$

In 3 the sizes used in this formula are shown. In this case, the side surface to be cooled (here by way of example the first side surface 22 of the second switchgear pole 20 ) is assumed to be rectangular for the sake of simplicity. In the case of the housing 11 . 21 . 31 the switchgear poles 10 . 20 . 30 This simplification is a reasonable deviation from the actual situation and it still leads to satisfactory results, for example when the housings are cylindrical.

In the formula, a denotes the width of the housing side surface 22 and h its cooling effective height. With cooling effective height is the height of the part of the side surface simplified to the rectangle 22 meant, which is detected by the cooling air flow. In the illustrated embodiment, this has a rough approximation cuboid housing 21 a cylindrical attachment that contributes far less to cooling than the side surface 22 , As a result, the cooling effective height is approximately equal to the height of the side surface simplified into a rectangle 22 of the simplified to a cuboid housing 21 without the cylindrical attachment. Is the side surface 22 made of metal only up to a certain height (eg a metal plate embedded in an insulator), then the cooling effective height is determined by this height.

α denotes in 3 the angle of attack of the fans 51 . 52 opposite the vertical. This produces fans 51 . 52 each one air stream (indicated by arrows 53 . 54 ), the inside of the gap 50 should arrive. Consequently, the left fan is 52 tilted α to the right and the right fan 51 inclined by α to the left.

In one embodiment, the fans are 51 . 52 on opposite sides of the side surface 22 arranged. The distance between the axes of rotation of the fans 51 . 52 is 250 mm. The cooling effective height is approximately 500 mm. This results itself as the optimum angle α = 14 ° ± 5 °. The fans promote approx. 180 m ³ / h.

However, as already mentioned, fans are not necessary 51 . 52 to be arranged at the places indicated. The same cooling effect can be achieved for example by outlet channels, for example, be placed in place of the fan and air with the angle α in the space 50 initiate.

For the further gap 60 and the fans arranged there 61 . 62 The same considerations apply as above with respect to the gap 50 and the fans arranged there 51 . 52 explained. It should be noted, however, that the present invention also relates to the case that only two switchgear poles 10 . 20 be arranged side by side.

In the illustrated preferred embodiment with four fans 51 . 52 . 61 . 62 in two spaces 50 . 60 becomes the second, middle switchgear pole 20 better cooled than the two outer switchgear poles 10 . 30 , This may be desirable because the two outer switchgear poles 10 . 30 on their respective outer side surfaces are better passively cooled by convection in the plant room than the middle Schaltungsanpol 20 , But it can also by appropriate additional inclination to the fan pairs 51 . 52 and 61 . 62 to the outside, ie on the side surfaces 12 respectively. 32 to be achieved, that a larger proportion of the air flow, the outer switchgear poles 10 . 30 so that, for example, in total, the air flows for all three switchgear are approximately equal.

By the present invention, in connection with other purely constructive measures for improving the convection inside the switchgear 10 . 20 . 30 a surprising increase in the output current from 2500 A to 3150 A can be achieved. Such constructive measures are, for example, in the pending patent application DE 102017206518.4 the same applicant.

The foregoing description represents only the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not intended to serve as a definition of the limits and scope of the invention. In particular, a variety of switchgear arrangements are conceivable in which the present invention can be advantageously used.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102017206518 [0040]

Claims (8)

Switchgear assembly (100) comprising: - A first encapsulated switchgear (10) with vertically arranged vacuum interrupter and with a housing (11) having at least one metallic side surface (12); - A second encapsulated switchgear (20) with vertically arranged vacuum interrupter and with a housing (21) having at least one metallic side surface (22); Mounting means for mounting the first and second switchgear poles such that the at least one metallic side surface (12) of the housing (11) of the first switchgear pole (10) and the at least one metallic side surface (22) of the housing (21) of the second switchgear pole (20 ) face each other and form a gap (50); and - A fan assembly with at least one fan (51, 52), the air from the lower portion of the switchgear assembly and / or from outside the switchgear assembly sucks and into the space (50) initiates. Switchgear arrangement according to Claim 1 comprising a third unipolar encapsulated switchgear pole (30) with vertically arranged vacuum interrupter, the housing (31) having at least one metallic side surface (32), wherein - the second switchgear pole (20) between the first (10) and the third switchgear pole (30 ) is arranged; - The housing (21) of the second switchgear pole at least a second metallic side surface (23); the second and third switchgear poles (20, 30) are mounted such that the at least one metallic side surface (32) of the housing (31) of the third switchgear pole (30) and the at least one second metallic side surface (23) of the housing (21 ) of the second switchgear pole (20) face each other and form a second gap (60); and - the fan assembly also introduces air into the second space (60). Switchgear assembly according to one of the preceding claims, the fan assembly having a Ansaugkanalanordnung with a plurality of intake ducts through which air is sucked in from multiple directions within and / or outside the switchgear assemblies. Switchgear assembly according to one of the preceding claims, the fan assembly having an outlet channel arrangement with a plurality of outlet channels. Switchgear arrangement according to Claim 1 Whose fan arrangement has two fans (51,52), which are arranged on different sides of the gap. Switchgear arrangement according to Claim 5 whose fan arrangement is chosen such that between angle α of the fans relative to the vertical in the direction of the gap, distance a of the fans (51, 52) and cooling effective height h of the gap (50) limiting side surface of the first or the second Schützenpols the relationship applies: $$\mathrm{\alpha }=\text{arctan}\left[\text{a /}\left(2*\text{H}\right)\right]\pm 5°,$$

Switchgear arrangement according to Claim 2 whose fan arrangement comprises: - two fans (51, 52) arranged on different sides of the space (50); and - two further fans (61, 62) arranged on different sides of the second space (60). Switchgear arrangement according to Claim 7 whose fan arrangement is chosen such that - between angle α of the fans (51, 52) relative to the vertical in the direction of the gap (50), distance a of the fans and cooling effective height h of the intermediate space (50) limiting side surface of the first or second switchgear pole the relationship applies: $$\mathrm{\alpha }=\text{arctan}\left[\text{a /}\left(2*\text{H}\right)\right]\pm 5°;\text{and}$$

- Between angle α 'of the other fans (61, 62) relative to the vertical in the direction of the second gap (60), distance a' of the other fans and cooling effective height h 'of the second gap bounding second side surface of the second switchgear pole or the second Gap (60) limiting side surface of the third switchgear pole the relationship applies: $$\mathrm{\alpha }\text{'}=\text{arctan}\left[\text{a}\text{'}\text{/}\left(2*\text{H}\text{'}\right)\right]\pm 5°,$$

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