DE102017204890A1 - Harrow - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a harrow (1) for pulling by a tractor along a direction of travel (18) comprising: a frame (2) and at least three units (5) arranged one behind the other on the frame (2) with respect to the direction of travel (18), respectively: a rotatable on the frame (2) arranged roller (6) and a plurality of relative to the direction of travel (18) behind the at least one roller (6) arranged coulters (14).

Description

The invention relates to a harrow. The tillage implement is pulled by a tractor. In particular, this is a flat-working harrow that undercuts the soil surface.

Within a cycle of growth in agriculture, it is important that all plant and plant remains on the surface disappear and the "green bridge" be broken to deprive pests, such as snails and mice, of the food base. This can give the new seed a good starting condition. This is usually achieved with a plow. However, if the use of the soil is to be dispensed with, this is achieved in the prior art by applying a nonselective herbicide.

It is an object of the invention to provide a soil cultivating device, which makes it possible to remove the plants from the surface of the soil in a simple and efficient manner, in particular without plowing the soil.

The solution of this object is achieved by the features of claim 1. The dependent claims have advantageous embodiments of the invention to the subject.

Thus, the problem is solved by a harrow. The harrow is designed to be towed by a tractor such as a tractor along a direction of travel. The tillage implement comprises a frame and at least three tillage units. The units are arranged one behind the other with respect to the direction of travel and fastened to the frame. Preferably, the harrow comprises at least four, more preferably at least five, of these units, which are all arranged one behind the other.

The single unit comprises at least one roller. The roller is rotatably mounted on the frame. In particular, the roller has no drive, but rests on the ground and is set in rotation by pulling the harrow. The axis of rotation of the roller is in particular perpendicular to the direction of travel and parallel to the ground. In particular, the roller is not a single disc, but rather a relatively large unit which rotates as a whole and extends transversely to the direction of travel, preferably over at least 1 m, particularly preferably over at least 2 m.

Furthermore, the single unit comprises several crowds. The shares of the unit are arranged with respect to the direction behind the associated roller of the same unit. The droves undercut the ground. In particular, a number of shares is arranged behind the roller. The "row" of shares includes several transverse to the direction of travel side by side arranged coulters, which are aligned when viewed transversely to the direction of travel or slightly offset from each other. The roller, as one in the entire rotating unit, preferably extends transversely to the direction of travel over a plurality of the coulters, in particular over the entire row.

In order to keep as low a working depth as possible, especially when there are plant residues and vegetation on the surface of the soil, it is important that the soil surface is scanned with rolling devices, the rolls described here. The rollers thus guide the frame of the harrow at the desired distance above the ground surface. Furthermore, the rollers ensure that the soil is solidified to give the coulters a good counter cutting effect.

Preferably, the flocks of two adjacent units, when viewed in the direction of travel, are arranged offset to one another. In addition, the distance between adjacent rows of a row is relatively large. This ensures a trouble-free operation when using the harrow, even if there are relatively long plant residues on the soil surface. Instead of arranging as many flocks in a confined space, present invention provides to distribute the flocks as large as possible and to use the rollers between the flocks to achieve the desired trouble-free operation in tillage.

The coulters are designed in particular for non-turning tillage. Particularly preferably, the flocks are Gänsefußscharen. The Gänsefußscharen usually have two wings that converge at an acute angle in the direction of travel.

The individual shares are preferably by means of tines on the frame, or attached to an intermediate frame. The tines are made in particular of bent spring steel and thus allow a flexible attachment of the shares. Particularly preferably, the tines S-shaped curved leaf springs.

It is preferably provided that the coulters are arranged adjustable in height on the frame. This allows the desired working depth to be set. Particularly preferably, the coulters can also be set so high that they do not touch the ground and thus the tilling takes place only with the rollers. Preferably, the Flocks are set at most up to a working depth of 10 cm, particularly preferably at most 5 cm.

Particularly preferably, the tillage implement comprises an intermediate frame. The intermediate frame is under the frame. At the intermediate frame several shares are attached. In particular, all shares of all units are attached to the intermediate frame. The intermediate frame is arranged height-adjustable on the frame. Thus, by adjusting the intermediate frame several shares, in particular all shares, evenly adjusted in height.

The height adjustment of the shares, in particular using the intermediate frame, is preferably carried out with at least one hydraulic cylinder which is arranged between the frame and the intermediate frame.

The height adjustment of the intermediate frame is preferably carried out by pivoting the intermediate frame about a pivot axis relative to the frame. The pivot axis is perpendicular to the direction of travel and parallel to the ground. Particularly preferred pivot arms are used. One end of the pivot arms is connected to the frame at the pivot axis. The other end of the pivot arms is pivotally connected to the intermediate frame.

Preferably, the pivot arms extend from the attachment point on the frame with respect to the direction of travel to the rear. This ensures that when a height adjustment of the intermediate frame down the intermediate frame moves forward in the direction of travel. This shortens a distance (measured parallel to the direction of travel and parallel to the ground) between the shares and the roller of the respective unit with increasing working depth. In particular, it is provided that this distance is less than 10 cm, preferably less than 5 cm, at the lowest setting of the coulters.

The rollers are preferably designed as knife rollers. In this case, the single roller comprises a plurality of blades which are distributed along the circumference of the roller. Preferably, a roller comprises three to 12, in particular four to six knives.

The blades of the blades are directed radially outward with respect to the roller.

The blades or their cutting edges preferably extend parallel to the axis of rotation of the roller and thus perpendicular to the direction of travel and parallel to the ground; The knives are thus at 0 ° transverse to the direction of travel. However, it is also possible that the knives are arranged obliquely or spirally on the roller so that the knives are at 0 ° to 45 °, preferably at 0 ° to 25 °, transverse to the direction of travel.

The individual knife extends, measured transversely to the direction of travel, preferably over several flocks away. In particular, both the roller and the single knife extend transversely to the direction of travel over all shares of the unit.

Especially when there are relatively large organic masses on the soil surface, it is important to crush these masses before the flocks undercut the soil. This avoids that relatively long plant residues and fibers wrap around the flocks and tines. Such wrapped coulters could, in extreme cases, impede soil drainage from the flocks, so that the tillage equipment collects the material, clogs it and consequently floats it, causing undercutting of the soil to cease. Thus, the rollers not only compact the soil, but with the knives they can push the plants down to the soil surface and at best cut the plants with the knives, whereby the soil surface acts as a counter cutting edge.

The knives cause not only a crushing of the plants or plant remains but also a severing of large soil aggregates whereby undercutting the surface can be done by the flocks trouble-free.

It is preferably provided that at most one row of shares is arranged between two rolls (of two adjacent units). The coulters of a row can be aligned transversely to the direction of travel when viewed or arranged slightly offset. However, a single row of shares does not comprise, when viewed in the direction of travel, aligned crowds. This ensures that the roller of the next unit is located immediately behind one row of shares. If long fibers wrap around the tines, the following roller can grab these fibers and free the tines.

Furthermore, it is preferably provided that there is no roller behind the last row of shares, so that the floor is no longer reconsolidated after the last differentiation.

Preferably, there are no crowds in front of the first roll, so that the bottom is first solidified before the undercutting with the foremost row of shares and in particular worked with the knives.

The rollers are preferably connected via elastic return elements to the frame. These elastic return elements are located in particular in the region of the axis of rotation of the rollers. As a result, the rollers can give in contact with an obstacle and the roller can pivot upwards.

• 1 ein Bodenbearbeitungsgerät gemäß einem Ausführungsbeispiel vorliegender Erfindung,
• 2 eine Seitenansicht des Bodenbearbeitungsgeräts gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel mit minimaler Arbeitstiefe,
• 3 eine Seitenansicht des Bodenbearbeitungsgeräts gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel mit maximaler Arbeitstiefe, und
• 4 eine Detailansicht des Bodenbearbeitungsgeräts gemäß dem Ausführungsbeispiel.

Further details, advantages and features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of an embodiment with reference to the drawing. It shows:

• 1 a soil cultivating device according to an embodiment of the present invention,
• 2 a side view of the tillage implement according to the embodiment with a minimum working depth,
• 3 a side view of the tillage implement according to the embodiment with maximum working depth, and
• 4 a detailed view of the tillage implement according to the embodiment.

The 1 to 4 show a tillage implement 1 according to an embodiment. In 2 is a minimal working depth 19 set. In 3 is a maximum working depth 19 set. 4 shows a detail of the tillage implement 1 , In the following, reference is made to all four figures.

The tillage implement 1 has a frame 2 on. At the frame 2 is a towing device 3, which can be attached to a tractor to the tillage device 1 via or through the soil surface 21 to draw. Accordingly, a direction of travel 18 Are defined. Further, located on the frame 2 a transport chassis 4 , To move the harrow outside the field, the transport chassis 4 be used.

The tillage implement 1 has four units 5 on. Every unit 5 includes a roller 6 and a bunch of droves 14 , The units 5 are regarding the direction of travel 18 arranged one behind the other. The rollers 6 of the individual units 5 are each in front of the crowds 14 , Regarding a view across the direction of travel 18 the droves are cursing 14 the individual rows. Regarding a viewing in the direction of travel 18 are the droves 14 neighboring units 5 staggered. The droves 14 are trained as Gänsefußscharen.

Furthermore, the tillage implement includes 1 an intermediate frame 12 , The intermediate frame 12 is about pivot arms 16 with the frame 2 connected. The pivot arms 16 are at one end about a pivot axis 15 with the frame 2 connected. The other end of the swivel arms 16 is with the intermediate frame 12 connected. The swivel arms 16 extend from the pivot axis 15 to the rear. Between the frame 2 and the intermediate frame 12 is at least a hydraulic cylinder 17 arranged. With the hydraulic cylinder 17 can the intermediate frame 12 be adjusted in height relative to the frame 2. By the described arrangement of the pivot arms 16, the intermediate frame moves 12 when setting down at the same time in the direction of travel 18 Forward.

All the droves 14 are over prongs 13 at the intermediate frame 12 attached. The tines 13 are formed as S-shaped curved leaf springs. 2 and 3 show a distance 20 , measured in the direction of travel 18 , between the front end of the droves 14 and the rear end of the rollers 6 , When increasing the working depth 19 , So when moving the intermediate frame 12 down, this distance is shortened 20 , In the example shown, the distance 20 at maximum working depth 19 equal to 0.

The frame 2 has crossbeams 7 on. From these transom 7 extend suspensions 8 down. On these suspensions 8th are the rollers 6 rotatably mounted.

The single roller 6 includes several disc elements 11 , The disc elements 11 are coaxial with the axis of rotation of the roller 6 arranged. At the disc elements 11 are several knife holders 10 attached. The knife holder 10 are plate-shaped elements that are transverse to the direction of travel 18 extend. Each on a knife holder 10 is a knife 9 attached, in particular screwed on and thus interchangeable.

The knife 9 extend transversely to the direction of travel 18 over the entire roller 6 and thus over the whole series of droves 14 , The knife 9 or their cutting edges are at 0 ° transverse to the direction of travel 18 and extend radially to the axis of rotation of the roller 6 ,

In addition to the foregoing written description of the invention, reference is hereby made to the drawings of the invention in the figures to the additional disclosure thereof.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Harrow

2

frame

3

drawbar

4

transport chassis

5

unit

6

roller

7

crossbeam

8th

suspension

9

knife

10

knife holder

11

disk element

12

intermediate frame

13

prong

14

gather

15

swivel axis

16

swing arms

17

hydraulic cylinders

18

direction of travel

19

working depth

20

distance

21

ground surface

Claims (10)

A harrow (1) for towing by a tractor along a direction of travel (18) comprising: a frame (2) and at least three with respect to the direction of travel (18) behind the other on the frame (2) arranged units (5), each with: • at least one rotatably mounted on the frame (2) roller (6) and • several with respect to the direction of travel (18) behind the at least one roller (6) arranged shares (14). Tillage implement after Claim 1 , wherein the shares (14) for non-tilling soil cultivation, in particular as Gänsefußscharen are formed. Soil cultivation device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the shares (14) are arranged vertically adjustable on the frame (2). Tillage implement after Claim 3 , wherein the shares (14) of a plurality of units (5), preferably of all units (5), are fixed to an intermediate frame (12), wherein the intermediate frame (12) is height-adjustable on the frame (2). Tillage implement after Claim 4 , wherein the intermediate frame (12) for height adjustment about a direction of travel (18) perpendicular pivot axis (15) to the frame (2) is pivotable. Soil cultivation device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the single roller (6) each comprise a plurality of blades (9) distributed along its circumference. Tillage implement after Claim 6 , wherein knife (9) with 0 ° to 45 °, preferably 0 ° to 25 °, particularly preferably 0 °, transverse to the direction of travel (18). Soil cultivation device according to one of Claims 6 or 7 , wherein the individual knife (9) extends transversely to the direction of travel (18) over a plurality of shares (14). Soil cultivation device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein between two rollers (6) only one row of shares (14) is arranged. Soil cultivation device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein behind the last row of shares (14) no roller (6) is arranged.

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