DE102017131372A1 - Method for machining workpieces, and machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

In a method for machining workpieces (12), a starting workpiece (12) is machined by means of a tool (60, 62) of a machine tool (10) and a value of a quality feature resulting from the machining operation is determined on the machined workpiece (14). It is proposed that a value of a variable characterizing a state of the tool (60, 62) is determined during the machining process and / or before and / or after the machining process, and that a data record is created and stored in a memory (52). is stored, which at least the value of the quality feature and the value of the size, which characterizes the state of the tool (60, 62), linked together.

Description

The invention relates to a method for machining workpieces according to the preamble of claim 1 and a machine tool according to the preamble of the independent patent claim.

A method of the type mentioned and a machine tool are from the DE 10 2013 204 409 A1 known. The known machine tool is a plate processing plant in the form of a dividing saw. On a feed table lying plate-shaped workpieces or workpiece stacks are programmatically fed to a sawing device, which is arranged on a saw carriage. The saw carriage is movable transversely to the feed direction of the program pusher. The sawing device is designed as a circular saw with a corresponding drive, which sets a circular saw blade in a rotary motion.

From the market, other machine tools in the form of plate processing plants for the processing of plate-shaped workpieces are known. These include, for example, so-called "nesting machines", in which the plate-shaped workpiece is processed for example with milling and / or drilling equipment.

In the known methods and machine tools, a quality feature on the machined workpiece is determined after machining of the tool by a machining operation, which results from the machining process on the workpiece. For example, this quality feature is determined by a visual inspection of an edge produced during machining.

Further, various methods and apparatus for detecting tool wear are known. Examples are the DD 239 369 A1 , the DD 244 282 A3 , the DE 10 2012 106 139 B4 , the DE 10 2014 104 581 A1 , the DD 250 885 A1 , the DE 102 06 615 B4 and the DE 10 2015 213 392 A1 ,

The object of the present invention is to provide a method for processing workpieces, which generates an optimum machining result on the machined workpiece in real operation. Furthermore, it is the object of the invention to provide a corresponding machine tool.

The stated object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1, and by a machine tool having the features of the independent claim. In addition, advantageous developments of the invention are specified in the dependent claims. For the invention essential features are also found in the following description and in the accompanying drawings. These features, both alone and in different combinations for the invention may be essential, without being explicitly referred to in detail again.

In the method according to the invention for machining workpieces, an initial workpiece is machined by means of a tool of a machine tool. Such a machine tool may, for example, be a device for processing plate-shaped workpieces, in particular a plate-dividing system or a panel-sizing saw. Furthermore, a value of a quality characteristic resulting from the machining process is determined on the machined workpiece. The determination of such a quality feature thus allows an assessment of the quality of the processing operation.

According to the invention, it is proposed that a value of a variable that characterizes a state of the tool is determined during the machining process and / or before and / or after the machining process, and that a data record is created and stored in a memory that has at least the value of Quality characteristic and the value of the size, which characterizes the state of the tool, linked together. The machine tool according to the invention is characterized in that it comprises a control and regulating device with a processor and a memory, which is designed for carrying out the above method.

The measures according to the invention make it possible for a user to plan a tool change in good time and to avoid defective productions. As a result, the efficiency of the operation of the machine tool is improved. In addition, the invention makes it possible to compare changes in the tool states in different machining operations with each other and to determine in this way relationships between the characteristics of the tool condition and the quality of machining. This, in turn, can be used for indirect control of the quality of processing as well as for securing the quality of the processing. The method according to the invention and the machine tool according to the invention thus make it possible to ensure a high quality of processing very efficiently. The determined state of the tool or the measurable features of the tool wear (for example chamfer on the cutting wedge, angle, wear area) can be assigned to the determined quality feature of the workpiece and the corresponding machining process. This information provides the opportunity to optimize the machining process in terms of quality, tooling costs and productivity by means of a process model and / or stored data sets, as will be explained below.

1. a. Ermitteln oder Erfassen eines Werts einer Größe, die den Bearbeitungsvorgang charakterisiert und/oder des Werts einer Größe, die eine Eigenschaft eines Werkzeugs, welches für den Bearbeitungsvorgang eingesetzt wurde, charakterisiert und/oder des Werts einer Größe, die eine Eigenschaft des Werkstücks charakterisiert;
2. b. Erstellen und Abspeichern des Datensatzes derart, dass er zusätzlich den Wert der Größe, die den Bearbeitungsvorgang charakterisiert, und/oder den Wert der Größe, die eine Eigenschaft des Werkzeugs charakterisiert und/oder den Wert der Größe, die eine Eigenschaft des Werkstücks charakterisiert, mit dem Wert des aus dem Bearbeitungsvorgang an dem bearbeiteten Werkstück resultierenden Qualitätsmerkmals und dem Wert der Größe, die einen Zustand des Werkzeugs charakterisiert, verknüpft.

A development of the method according to the invention is characterized in that it further comprises the following steps:

1. a. Determining or detecting a value of a quantity characterizing the machining operation and / or the value of a quantity characterizing a property of a tool used for the machining operation and / or the value of a quantity characterizing a property of the workpiece;
2. b. Creating and storing the record such that it additionally with the value of the size that characterizes the machining process, and / or the value of the size that characterizes a property of the tool and / or the value of the size that characterizes a property of the workpiece with the value of the resulting from the machining process on the machined workpiece quality feature and the value of the size that characterizes a state of the tool linked.

This development is particularly preferred because it creates a data record describing a specific machining process ("process data record") by which certain process parameters are linked to the quality achieved with these process parameters, whereby a traceable documentation of the machining process is obtained Optimization of the process, ie the machining process, with respect to one or more process parameters allows, as will be explained later.

After a plurality of processing operations, there is also a plurality of process data records which may allow the creation of a process model. Such a process model may, for example, be an algorithm which maps the empirical relationships between the process parameters and the quality achieved.

The larger the number of existing process data sets, the more accurate the algorithm can map said relationships. This then makes it possible, for example in the case of a given tool, a given workpiece, a determined tool condition and a desired quality, to set the other process parameters in advance so that the desired quality is achieved in the machining operation then carried out with these process parameters. In this exemplary case, the "desired quality" would be the target. Other possible target variables would be, for example, the throughput, ie the number of machined workpieces per unit of time or one processing section per unit time, or the tool life, ie the number of machining operations or the distance traversed the tool cutting edge in the material until the tool must be replaced due to wear.

Thus, this method prepares the basis for a transfer of knowledge from earlier processing operations to a future specifically intended processing operation. The optimal process parameters and the optimal tools are made quickly discoverable, which in future processing operations, for example, with frequent material changes a significant time savings and thus an increase in productivity are possible. Furthermore, the accuracy of the documentation of the operation of the machine tool is also improved, which simplifies the setting of the machine tool when machining specific materials or use scenarios. Also, quality management requirements are met in this way.

It is understood that the term "detect" is to be understood very broadly. It is possible, for example, that the corresponding values of the variables are detected directly by means of a sensor. For this example, technologies of image recognition come into question. But it is also possible that the corresponding values of the sizes are visually detected by an operator and then entered by means of an input device. It is also possible that, for example, an identification number of the tool and / or the workpiece is determined or detected, and from this then using a database, which is accessed for example via the Internet, the actually interesting value of the size is determined. It is also possible that individual of the ascertained variables mentioned can be determined from predetermined control signals. For example, the quality feature and / or the value of the size that characterizes the machining process and / or the value of the size that characterizes a property of the tool and / or the value of the size that characterizes a property of the workpiece by an operator by means of an input device entered and / or detected by means of an image recognition device and / or by means of a preferably non-contact sensor device. Furthermore, it is possible to use some of the above sizes from a production planning system, a Machine control and / or a tool management system to win.

A refinement of the method according to the invention is characterized in that the value of the variable which characterizes a tool state is at least one of the following group: an optical image of at least one region of the tool; a quality feature of the tool, in particular a tool cutting edge, for example a wear chamfer, damage to a cutting edge, a cutting edge geometry, a cutting edge angle, a cutting profile, a contamination, or quantitative features or quantities derived therefrom. These are important and easy-to-grasp parameters that meaningfully describe the tool state. It will thus be appreciated that the term "value" in the present case is also to be understood very broadly and is to be understood not only in the strict numerical or alphanumeric sense, but also more qualitative information, such as an optical image includes.

A refinement of the method according to the invention is further distinguished by the fact that the quality feature resulting from the machining operation is at least one of the following group: optical quality of the machined workpiece surface; Roughness of the machined workpiece surface; optical quality of a workpiece surface adjacent to the machined workpiece surface; optical quality of an edge formed by the machined workpiece surface and an adjacent workpiece surface; Accuracy of the position of the machined workpiece surface as well as derived quantitative quantities.

The "optical quality" can be determined, for example, by an operator as part of a visual inspection and can then be assigned by the operator to one of a plurality of predetermined quality values, for example, in the simplest case, the two predetermined quality values "good" and "not good". But also finer gradations are possible, for example in the form of notes or points.

It is also possible that several quality features are detected, and that from these, for example, after a predetermined weighting key, an overall quality feature is determined, which is then assigned to the record. The optical quality of a workpiece surface adjacent to the machined workpiece surface or an edge formed in this case, for example a cut edge, can be quantified, for example, by the number and size of so-called "outliers". Even a "waviness" found there can be a quality criterion. Also, the roughness of the machined workpiece surface or the edge formed, for example, the cutting edge, can be determined by the operator, for example, by sweeping the finger. In principle, however, it is also conceivable for all the quality features specified above that these are automatically detected by sensors or image recognition methods.

Furthermore, it is possible to indirectly determine a limit value for the quality feature or a tool state (by which a quality that is no longer acceptable or a tool state that is no longer acceptable) is displayed by a change of the tool carried out by an operator.

It is also proposed that the variable characterizing the machining process is at least one of the following group: rotational speed of the tool; Feed rate of the tool and / or the machined workpiece; Course of a rotational speed of the tool; Course of a feed rate of the tool; Working position of the tool with respect to the workpiece to be machined; Working position of the workpiece to be machined; Processing task; Height of a workpiece stack processed during the machining process; a manufacturing order of cutting plans in a work order; Quality requirements for the workpiece.

These quantities can be very easily detected by means of suitable sensors or very easily determined on the basis of predetermined control signals, production data and / or a machining program for the workpiece. A rotational speed of the tool as well as a feed rate of the tool and / or of the workpiece being processed are also important parameters, if not the most important parameters to be considered in subsequent machining operations to achieve quality, machine performance and / or performance Tool life optimal processing result can be influenced. Incidentally, it will be understood from this enumeration that in the context of the present invention, the singular "the size" may include both a single such quantity and a plurality of different such quantities. The singular was chosen solely to reduce linguistic complexity. This also applies to the following exemplary listings of other types of sizes.

A development of the method according to the invention is further distinguished by the fact that the variable characterizing a property of the tool is at least one of the following group: previous operating time of the tool; Type of tool; Manufacturer of the tool; Vibration behavior of the tool; Course of a vibration behavior of the tool; Tool geometry; Number of cutting teeth of the tool. These sizes can usually be determined in a simple way. In particular from the previous operating time of the tool and its linkage with a quality feature achieved during a machining operation, predictions can be made for the future when a tool needs to be replaced in order to achieve a qualitatively acceptable work result. It should be noted at this point that the term "operating time" of the tool is to be understood in a very general and this not only a real time can be understood, but for example, a zurückgelegter processing path (in a saw so a zurückgelegter cutting path) or a total -Bearbeitungsstrecke. This can simplify tool management and maximize the life of a tool without creating poor quality work results.

It is also proposed that the variable characterizing a property of the workpiece is at least one of the following group: material of the workpiece; Thickness of the workpiece; Dimensions of the workpiece; Type of workpiece; Production data of the workpiece, for example, a cutting plan and / or a position of the workpiece in the cutting plan, workpiece identifier. Again, these sizes are very easy to determine and can have a significant impact on the quality of the machining process.

The methods according to the invention can also be used to determine an estimated remaining operating time of the tool from the stored data records and / or to determine optimal process parameters with respect to the machining quality for subsequent machining operations. In this way, the tool used is optimally utilized, whereby the operating costs of the machine tool can be reduced. The remaining operating time of the tool can be determined, for example, by the total operating time, the processed materials (eg hard or soft, possibly even specific material properties such as density, composition, structure, type of coating, possibly also summarized by an identification number of the material) , a machining path of the tool, for example, a cutting path of a cutting edge (in a saw, for example, the sum of all sectional arcs of a tooth, which is dependent on a tooth feed, a package height and a saw blade projection), the tool state descriptive variables and / or the maximum operating time and more and / or other relevant parameters in an empirical algorithm or in a multi-dimensional map are fed.

A development is characterized in that a current tool state is displayed, in particular in the form of a current optical image of at least one region of the tool. Thus, a user is always informed about the current state of the tool, and can also make decisions and take action using his experience. Also, a user may predict expected processing quality and / or tool state using the image data, as well as other process data from previous machining operations. For this purpose, it is particularly helpful if a progression of the tool state is displayed, in particular as a film sequence of captured optical images of at least one region of the tool. By displaying the wear of the tool, in particular as a function of a cutting path (summed length of a cutting machining in a cutting tool) and / or an operating time, the quality of the material of the workpiece can be very well characterized or indirectly visualized. Furthermore, by the mentioned film sequence of captured optical images, for example, the contamination of a cutting edge of the tool or a build-up of deposits on a cutting edge of the tool can be displayed.

A current optical image can be detected, for example, by means of an optical device comprising, for example, a camera, in particular an infrared camera. Such an optical device can be arranged, for example, in a station of a tool, for example a splitting device. In this case, a "station" is generally understood to mean a position of the tool into which the tool is brought when no machining operation is taking place or the machining is paused ("idle time"), for example, in order to reposition the starting workpiece. The position of the station is usually outside of a processing area of the machine tool. The arrangement of the optical device in such a station a time-neutral inspection of the tool is possible, so an inspection that does not lead to a delay in the processing of the workpiece. The recording can thus be carried out, for example, at a standstill of the tool or at a reduced speed or by means of a stroboscope at normal speed or also reduced speed, for example, when the machine tool is loaded with new material when a workpiece before a new processing is handled, for example, is rotated, etc. The state of the tool can thus be controlled without interrupting production. The Optical device can be aligned both radially and axially to the tool. In principle, however, other non-contact devices are also conceivable with which a value of the size which characterizes the state of the tool can be determined. These include, for example, ultrasonic sensors and / or infrared sensors and or laser sensors. The images and values captured by infrared sensors, such as an infrared camera, may indirectly describe a current wear condition of the tool based on, for example, an operating temperature of the tool, portions of the tool, or individual cutters.

By means of such a device, a blunting process of the tool and thus also the associated reduction of the processing quality can be clearly described or represented. For example, the representation of the blunting process may consist of or comprise a series of individual characteristic images or tool state features, which are then visualized to the user, for example on a screen, or wirelessly on a mobile phone or tablet PC. In this way, the user can control the state of the tool without having to interrupt the machining process or the production process.

It is also suggested that a tool ID be linked to the existing values in the data record. Such a tool id is, for example, after a tool change after a new tool has been inserted into the machine tool, either entered or automatically read by a corresponding detection device and automatically transmitted to a control and / or regulating device of the machine tool, where they then future created records is assigned. In this way, the machine tool can automatically, for example, from a database in which a plurality of different tool IDs respective tool properties is assigned to select the appropriate tool with the appropriate tool properties and also store the corresponding variables in the process database.

A development of the method according to the invention is characterized in that a plurality of data records are stored in the memory, and that a process model is determined from the plurality of stored data records. As already explained above, this allows, for example for a given tool, a known current tool state, a known workpiece and a desired quality, to pre-set the other process parameters (for example those characterizing the machining process), then to use them Process parameters performed first machining operation the desired quality is achieved.

It is also possible that, on the basis of the determined value, the quantity characterizing the current state of the tool and a predetermined value of the size characterizing a designated machining operation and / or a predetermined value of the size characterizing a property of the tool , and / or a predetermined value of the size, which characterizes a property of the workpiece to be processed, and / or a predetermined value of the quality feature, which is to result from the intended machining operation on the machined workpiece, at least one optimal process parameter is determined. In this way, the tool used is optimally utilized, whereby the operating costs of the machine tool can be reduced.

It is also proposed that the process parameter is at least one of the following group: rotational speed of the tool; Feed rate of the tool; Course of a rotational speed of the tool; Course of a feed rate of the tool; Working position of the tool with respect to the workpiece to be machined; Working position of the workpiece to be machined; a manufacturing order of cutting plans in a work order; a sequence of work orders of different materials. In the latter case, those materials which have sensitive surfaces can preferably be processed with a rather new tool, whereas materials with more sensitive surfaces can also be machined with a rather blunted tool. These variables can be very easily detected by means of suitable sensors or very easily determined or specified on the basis of predetermined control signals, production data and / or a machining program for the workpiece.

It is also proposed that at least one optimization criterion is used to determine the optimal process parameter, which is at least one of the following group: productivity, quality assurance, tool costs, workpiece costs, utilization of the machine tool. These optimization criteria belong to the factors of interest of an operator of a machine tool that are essential in practice.

In a further development, it is proposed that the determined optimal process parameters automatically for the intended Machining process can be used. As a result, the user of the machine tool is relieved again.

A further development also provides that, based on the determined optimal process parameters, the process parameters entered by a user are checked and, if necessary, automatically adjusted. This avoids operator errors and maximizes machine tool efficiency, quality and / or productivity.

Also proposed to increase the reliability of the machine tool as well as to increase the plant efficiency and the machining quality, based on the current value of the size that characterizes the state of the tool, and / or on the basis of a history of the value of the size, the state of the tool, an information is output to the user, in particular a warning, a request for a check of the tool state, a cleaning of the tool, a change of the tool, and / or a suitability of the tool or the state of the tool for an upcoming machining task.

• 1 eine schematische Draufsicht auf eine Werkzeugmaschine in Form einer Plattenaufteilsäge;
• 2 eine Ansicht von vorne auf einen Sägewagen der Werkzeugmaschine von 1; und
• 3 ein Flussdiagramm eines Verfahrens zum Betreiben der Werkzeugmaschine der 1 und 2.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the invention will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawing show:

• 1 a schematic plan view of a machine tool in the form of a panel sizing saw;
• 2 a view from the front on a saw carriage of the machine tool of 1 ; and
• 3 a flowchart of a method for operating the machine tool of 1 and 2 ,

In 1 a first machine tool in the form of a plate processing plant overall bears the reference numeral 10 , It is presently designed as a panel sizing, with the large-sized plate-shaped workpieces 12 or workpiece stacks ("starting workpieces") by machining operations in the form of sawing operations into smaller workpieces 14 ("Machined workpieces") can be divided. In other embodiments, the plate processing plant is not designed as a panel sizing saw but as a milling device and / or as a drilling device for processing plate-shaped workpieces. Such systems are also referred to as "nesting systems". In addition, any combinations of the mentioned types of plate processing plants are possible. In principle, however, quite different types of machine tools are conceivable, for example generally drilling units or CNC milling units.

The panel sizing saw 10 includes a feed table 16 which is usually designed as a roller table. To the feed table 16 closes a machine table 18 and at this closes again a discharge table 20 which, in the exemplary embodiment shown by way of example, consists of four separate segments (without reference numerals). The machine table 18 and the unloading table 20 are preferably formed as Luftkissentische.

In the machine table 18 is a by a dot-dash line 22 indicated sawing gap available. Below this is a saw carriage 24 arranged according to a double arrow 26 can be moved. Above the machine table 18 is a pressure bar 28 arranged. This can perpendicular to the plane of the 1 to be moved. In the area of the feed table 16 is a program slider 30 arranged according to a double arrow 32 can be moved. On the program slider 30 in turn are several collets 34 attached, for reasons of clarity in 1 only one is provided with a reference numeral.

To the panel sizing saw 10 also includes an operator terminal 36 , which in this case is a keyboard 38 and a screen 40 includes, as well as a control and regulating device 42 which is only symbolically indicated by a square. The control and regulating device 42 controls and regulates the operation of the panel sizing saw 10 , For this purpose, it receives signals from various sensor devices, including the symbolically drawn sensor devices 44 . 46 . 47 . 48 and 49 which in each case may again comprise a plurality of individual sensors. The sensor devices 44 - 49 will be explained in more detail below. To be controlled by the control and regulating device 42 especially the program slider 30 , the collets 34 , the saw carriage 24 with the saws and the pressure bar 28 ,

The control and regulating device 42 has, among other things, a processor 50 and a memory 52 , At the control and regulating device 42 For example, it could be a standard PC. In the store 52 software is stored, which is programmed and designed to execute different methods. An evaluation device formed by a corresponding software program, to which reference will be made below, is denoted by the reference numeral 54 characterized.

The saw carriage 24 as well as parts of the machine table 18 are in 2 shown in more detail. The saw carriage 24 includes a plate-shaped tool holding portion 56 that by means of a drive motor, not shown on rails 58 attached to a support structure (not shown) of the machine table 18 are attached, according to the double arrow 26 is movable. The tool holding section 56 carries two rotating tools in the form of a main saw blade 60 and a scoring saw blade 62 , They are movable in the vertical direction. The two drives for the main saw blade 60 and the scoring saw blade 62 are in 2 not shown. They are also controlled by the control unit 42 controlled so that they rotate at a very specific rotational speed.

In normal operation, the workpiece stack becomes 12 at a rear edge of the collets in the feeding direction 34 of the program slider 30 gripped and by a movement of the program slider 30 successively the machine table 18 or the saw carriage 24 fed where he by a movement of the saw carriage 24 according to the double arrow 26 by a pre-scribing cut by means of the scoring saw blade 62 and a subsequent main section by means of the main saw blade 60 is split. During processing by the main saw blade 60 and the scoring saw blade 62 becomes the workpiece stack 12 through the pressure bar 28 against the machine table 18 pressed and thereby determined. An operator 68 can the split workpieces 14 at the removal table 20 remove or further process there, as will be explained below. Alternatively, it is possible, but not shown, that even a robot can remove the finished workpieces and stack or put on a conveyor belt.

The sensor device 44 is generally used to detect the value of at least one size A, which characterizes the machining process, in this case the sawing process described above. This size A may be a rotational speed of the tool, in the present case of the main saw blade 60 and / or the scoring saw blade 62 act, and / or at a feed rate of the saw carriage 24 along the by the double arrow 26 marked direction and / or by a distance traveled during the division of workpieces and / or a position of the tools 60 and 62 to the workpiece and / or each other. Also, the size A for the sawing process relevant machine settings such as pressure of the pressure bar and / or an aligner.

The sensor device 46 is generally used to detect the value of a size B, which is a property of the tool, in the present case of the main saw blade 60 and / or the scoring saw blade 62 , characterized. This size B may be a previous operating time of the main saw blade 60 and / or the scoring saw blade 62 act. Alternatively or additionally, by the sensor device 46 also the size B characterizing the nature of the tool, for example the main saw blade 60 and the scoring saw blade 62 the diameter, the width, the number of saw teeth, the shape of the saw teeth, the grinding of the saw teeth, etc. are recorded. The size B characterizing the tool can also be a vibration behavior of the main saw blade 60 and / or the scoring saw blade 62 his. A characterizing the tool size B is also the manufacturer of the tool and the material from which the tool is made. It is also possible that in general a tool ID is recorded.

For this purpose, the tool, so for example the main saw blade 60 and the scoring saw blade 62 , be printed with a barcode containing one or more of the above information as information. In this case, the sensor device would 46 have a bar code reader, preferably on the saw carriage 24 or is arranged in a tool change area. To record the previous operating time of the main saw blade 60 can the sensor device 46 include an evaluation unit that sums up the operating time since the last tool change. It is also possible that the number of revolutions and / or the number of sawing operations and / or a cutting path of a cutting edge is understood as the operating time.

The sensor device 47 is generally used to detect the value of a size C, which is a property of the workpiece to be machined 12 or machined workpiece 14 characterized. Such a size C may be, for example, the material of the workpiece 12 . 14 be a thickness of the workpiece 12 . 14 , the dimensions of the workpiece to be machined 12 and / or the machined workpiece 14 .
Production data of the workpiece, for example, a cutting plan and / or a position of the workpiece in the cutting plan, and a kind of the workpiece 12 . 14 his. The latter includes, for example, whether the workpiece is provided with a coating, and also the properties of a coating of a workpiece can define the type of workpiece or contribute to this definition. Again, it is possible that this information is contained in a bar code, either on a label, which on the workpiece 12 . 14 glued on, or directly on the workpiece 12 . 14 is printed. In such a case, the sensor device would 47 comprise a bar code reader, for example in the area of the pressure bar 28 is arranged. Alternatively or additionally, the sensor device could 47 Also include an image recognition device, for example in the form of a video camera, with the example, the thickness and the dimensions can be detected. Furthermore, the sensor device has 47 via an interface to a production control system which serves to capture this data.

The sensor device 48 can in practice, for example, in the field of in 1 rightmost segment of the unloading table 20 be arranged. It is used in general for detecting a quality feature D, which results from the machining process on the machined workpiece 14 results. This quality feature D can be, for example, an optical quality of a machined workpiece surface. The machined workpiece surface is in this case one by the sawing process by means of the main saw blade 60 manufactured cut surface. Alternatively or additionally, such a quality feature D is a roughness of a machined workpiece surface, or the accuracy of the position of the machined workpiece surface, in this case the accuracy of the position of the produced cut surface, or in other words the accuracy of the actual dimensions of the machined workpiece 14 For example, the lengths of the sides formed by the machining and the resulting angle.

Alternatively or additionally comes as a quality feature D also an optical quality of a workpiece surface in question, which is adjacent to the machined workpiece surface. This adjacent workpiece surface can, for example, immediately adjoin a cutting edge. If it is a coated workpiece, outliers, for example, can develop there, ie damage to the coating directly at the cutting edge. For example, the number of such outliers per unit length is a quality feature. As a sensor device 48 For example, an image recognition device in the form of a video camera is eligible. However, it is also possible, alternatively or additionally, to use, for example, ultrasonic sensors or other non-contact sensor devices. An interface to an external and also not shown quality inspection is conceivable.

The sensor device 49 can, how out 2 indicates an optical device comprising two cameras 49a and 49b , The camera 49a is on the main saw blade 60 directed, the camera 49b on the scorer blade 62 , The sensor device 49 is generally used to determine a state of the tools, so in the present example of the main saw blade 60 and the scoring saw blade 62 , characterizing size E. The two cameras 49a and 49b can do this directly on the tool holding section 56 be attached so that they always have the tools 60 and 62 have in mind how this is in 2 is shown.

How out 1 can be seen, the sensor device 49 but also be located in a "train station" in 1 the reference number 67 carries and in 1 right from the crevasse 22 below the machine table 18 is arranged. The station 67 forms a position of the tool into which the tool is brought when no machining operation is currently taking place ("idle time"). This position is usually outside of a processing area, in the present case of the sawing gap 22 , the machine tool 10 , By the arrangement of the optical device 49 in such a station 67 is a time-neutral inspection of the tools 60 and 62 possible, so an inspection that does not delay the machining of the workpiece 12 leads. The optical device 49 can be quite basically both radial and axial to the tool 60 or. 62 be aligned.

The value of quantity E characterizing a tool condition is at least one of the following group: an optical image of at least a portion of the tool 60 or. 62 ; a quality feature of the tool 60 or. 62 , in particular a tool cutting edge, for example a wear chamfer, damage to a cutting edge, a cutting edge geometry, a cutting edge angle, a cutting profile, contamination, heating, or quantitative features or quantities derived therefrom. The one from the two cameras 49a and 49b captured images can be an operator 68 for example on the screen 40 of the operator terminal 36 are displayed. If necessary, they can also be transmitted wirelessly, for example to a mobile phone or a tablet PC, which the operator 68 carries with it, so that the operator 68 then also information about the current state of the tools 60 . 62 receives if they are not directly at the control terminal 36 located.

It is also possible that in the course of using the tools 60 and 62 again and again from the two cameras 49a and 49b Pictures are created, which then, for example, in the form of a picture sequence or a movie of the operator 68 be displayed. In this way, the operator receives 68 in an easily understandable way, information about the course of wear or the blunting process of the two tools 60 and 62 ,

The values of the above-mentioned quantities A, B, C, D and E can be determined by the operator 68 also manually by means of the keyboard 38 are input, which in this respect an input device 70a forms. This applies in particular to the above-mentioned quality feature D, which on the machined workpiece 14 resulting from the editing process. This quality feature D can, for example, of the operator 68 at the unloading table 20 lying workpiece 14 be recorded by a visual inspection. After this detection, the operator can then 68 a value for the corresponding quality feature D by means of the keyboard 38 enter.

In the simplest case, this quality feature D can assume two values, for example "good" and "not good". In other, more complex cases, quality feature D may take more than two values. For example, gradations in the form of grades or points are possible. It is also possible that several quality features D1 . D2 . D3 , ..., and from these, for example, according to a predetermined weighting by the evaluation 54 the control and regulating device 42 an overall quality characteristic D is determined.

The machine tool 10 also has another input device 70b on in 1 outermost right segment of the unloading table 20 with which the operator can enter a value for the quality feature D manually. This input device 70b is also with the control and regulating device 42 connected. In the present case there is the input device 70b simply from a button (not shown separately), in their operation of the control and regulating device 42 a certain value of the quality feature D is communicated, for example, the value "not good" (thus, upon actuation of the input device 70b communicated that the workpiece 14 should be considered as a committee).

Furthermore, the input device alternatively or additionally comprises a microphone, with which the operator can input a value for the quality feature, and / or a wireless and portable input device, in particular a mobile telephone, and / or a camera. Overall, it can be seen from the above list that the sensor devices 44 . 46 . 47 . 48 and 49 may each comprise a plurality or even a plurality of individual sensors, which, however, are not shown in the drawing. Exemplary is in 1 such a portable input device 70c symbolically represented. This could also be some of the above sensor devices 44 . 46 . 47 and 48 or contain interfaces for these.

The means of the sensor devices 44 . 46 . 47 . 48 and 49 detected sizes A, B, C and E, or by means of the keyboard 38 or the input device 70b or the input device 70c entered values D of the sizes or input quality characteristics are used to for each past machining process in the control and regulating device 42 to create a record F ("process record") and in memory 52 to save the value of the operator 68 or the sensor device 48 detected quality feature D with the values of the process characterizing the size A (sensor device 44 ), which is the property of the tool of the machine tool 10 characterizing size B (sensor device 46 ), which is the property of the machine tool 10 workpiece processed by the machining process 14 (Sensor device 47 ) characterizing size C and the state of the tool 60 or. 62 characterizing size E linked.

In the present case, such a data set F thus consists of at least five individual values of the sizes A, B, C, D and E, but possibly also of more than five values. In principle, however, it is also conceivable that such a data set F also comprises only two values, wherein a value for that from the machining process on the machined workpiece 14 resulting quality feature D as well as a value of size E representing a state of the tool 60 or. 62 characterized in each case are part of the record.

• F1: A1, B1, C1, D1, E1
• F2: A2, B2, C2, D2, E2
• ...
• Fn: An, Bn, Cn, Dn, En

After a plurality n of machining operations are thus in the memory 52 a plurality n of records F1 . F2 . F3 , ..., Fn, where:

• F1: A1, B1, C1, D1, E1
• F2: A2, B2, C2, D2, E2
• ...
• Fn: An, Bn, Cn, Dn, En

From this plurality of stored records F1 ... Fn now a process model is determined. Such a process model may, for example, be an algorithm which maps the empirical relationships between the process parameters A, B, C and E and the quality D achieved.

The greater the number n of existing process data sets F1 ... Fn is, the more accurate the algorithm can map the said relationships. This then allows, for example, a given tool 60 . 62 and the corresponding quantities B, a determined tool state E and a desired quality D, in particular to set the process parameters A in advance in such a way that the desired quality D is achieved in the machining process then carried out with these process parameters A. In this exemplary case, the "desired quality" would be the target. Other possible target variables or optimization criteria would be, for example, the throughput or the productivity or the utilization of the machine tool 10 that is the number of edited Workpieces per unit of time or one processing line per unit of time, or the tool life, which affects the tool costs, ie the number of machining operations until the tool must be replaced due to wear. The workpiece costs can also be such an optimization criterion.

To achieve this target value, at least one optimal process parameter is determined by means of an optimization algorithm. This can be at least one of the following group: Rotational speed of the tool 60 . 62 ; Feed rate of the tool 60 . 62 ; Course of a rotational speed of the tool 60 . 62 ; Course of a feed rate of the tool 60 . 62 ; Working position of the tool 60,62 with respect to the workpiece to be machined 12 ; Working position of the workpiece to be machined 12 , as well as a manufacturing order of cutting plans in a work order. The determined optimal process parameters are automatically used for the intended machining process. On the basis of the determined optimal process parameters A, the process parameters entered by a user can be checked and, if necessary, automatically adjusted.

The method generally described above will now be concretely again with reference to 3 , which shows a functional diagram explained.

First, a function block symbolizes 72 the process of a tool change, ie an exchange of the main saw blade 60 and / or the scoring saw blade 62 , After such a tool change is in a function block 74 the tool ID of the new tool 60 and or 62 read in, for example by means of the sensor device 46 , From the sensor device 49 also becomes an optical image of the new tool 60 and or 62 captures what's happening through the function block 76 is indicated. In a functional block 78 becomes the captured optical image of the new tool 60 or. 62 evaluated. For example, quality features of the tool 60 or. 62 detected. These quality features include a condition of a blade of the main saw blade 60 or the scoring saw blade 62 , a so-called wear chamfer, damage of a cutting edge, a cutting geometry, a cutting angle, a cutting profile, a contamination, etc. This results in a characteristic image or a characteristic image group and quantitative characteristics of the above-mentioned quality features for the current state of the respective tool 60 . 62 derived.

In a functional block 80 creates a sequence of images showing a "tool blunder". It goes without saying that in the case of a completely new and still unused tool, this image sequence only consists of a single image and is not yet meaningful. As will be explained below, this function block becomes 80 therefore in the course of using the tools 60 . 62 repeatedly executed. The image sequence is displayed in the function block 74 linked tool ID. The last in the function block 76 created optical image is in the function block 80 added to the possibly already existing image sequence. In a functional block 81 become the previously determined or detected state variables, which is the current state of the tool 60 or. 62 Characterized, transferred to a process database and fed into this, as will be explained later.

Another functional block 82 results in an indication of the current state of the tools 60 or. 62 for example on the screen 40 of the operator terminal 36 , Lying at different times and after different processing operations recorded images (function block 76 ), and thus there is a picture sequence (function block 80 ), this image sequence is in the function block 82 brought to the display.

One in the flow chart of 3 Production planning not symbolized by a function block specifies the number of parts to be produced, with their respective and sometimes different dimensions, and the material from which the parts are to be produced, based on a specific order. This then results in a production order, which starting from an initial workpiece (reference numeral 12 in 1 ) a preliminary cutting plan for the division of the starting work piece 12 by means of a machining operation by the main saw blade 60 and the scoring saw blade 62 Are defined. Furthermore, the number of stacked and so far to be split simultaneously output workpieces by this production order 12 defining a height of the stack of starting workpieces intended for division 12 results. The production order also defines the material to be used and a desired quality (target quality feature) on the machined workpiece (reference numeral 14 in 1 ), that is, a target value for the above-mentioned size D.

The corresponding data of the production order is then sent to the first machine tool 10 , So the panel sizing, transmitted, specifically to the control and regulating device 42 , There is in a function block 84 "Saw configuration" the preliminary cutting plan is optimized by means of a cutting plan optimization according to one or more predetermined criteria, for example with regard to generating as little waste as possible. It then results in a final cutting plan.

Also, from the production order to the configuration 84 Saw the data about the stack height (height of the stack of workpieces to be split) and the material and the desired quality. In the same function block 84 also data concerning the tools, so concerning the main saw blade 60 and the scoring saw blade 62 , the machine tool 10 provided. These include one or more of the above-mentioned in detail "characterizing a property of the tool sizes B", as well as a current state of the tool.

Some of the configuration of the machine tool 10 in the function block 84 required process parameters are automatically determined by the sensor devices 44 - 49 others are detected by the operator 68 entered. In one to the configuration 84 the machine tool 10 belonging function block 86 are those of the operator 68 entered process parameters and adjusted if necessary. For this purpose, process parameters are used, which are defined by a process model (function block 88 ) to be provided.

In such a process model 88 For example, it may be an algorithm that maps empirically derived relationships between process parameters. These process parameters include, for example, the above-mentioned quality feature D resulting from the first machining operation on the workpiece, the quantity A characterizing the first machining operation (including, for example, the machining task), which is a property of the tool 60 . 62 characterizing size B (for example, type of tool, tool condition), which is a property of the workpiece 14 characterizing size C (for example, the material), as well as the one state of the tool 60 or. 62 characterizing quantity E (for example, values describing a wear chamfer, a blade damage, a blade geometry, a blade angle, a blade profile, a contamination, etc.). Also, one of the process parameters is the definition of that variable or those quantities which should be optimal in the upcoming first processing operation (optimization variables). In this way it is possible that the process model 88 the function block 86 provides those process parameters where the selected optimization quantity (s) is / are optimal.

Alternative to the function block 86 can process parameters in a function block 90 also simply overall, without being previously entered by the operator, through the process model 88 or the process model 88 upstream and already generally mentioned above process database 92 to be provided. On this process database 92 will be discussed in detail below.

To the configuration 84 the machine tool 10 with the sub-function blocks 86 and 90 closes a function block 94 on which the machining process in the machine tool 10 , So in this case the division of the starting workpiece 12 in split workpieces 14 , represented. This is then done in a function block 96 an identification of the processed by the machining workpieces 14 , For this example, a in 1 not drawn labeling used, which is an adhesive label on which a the workpiece 14 uniquely identifying feature (identifier), such as a bar code, is applied to the workpiece 14 glued. It is possible that the marking not only the workpiece 14 identified as such, but also the specific machining process (eg by date and time), with which the workpiece 14 was produced. Alternatively, it is also possible that a link of the identifier of the workpiece 14 with the special machining process by which the workpiece 14 was prepared, for example, in the above-mentioned process database 92 is produced or present.

In a functional block 98 a process data record is created (corresponding to the above-mentioned data record E), which is for a specific first machining operation or a specific machined workpiece 14 represents the process data, so for example, the actually used material of the workpiece 14 , the actual tool data, the actual tool state, the above-mentioned identifier of the workpiece 14 , and possibly other of the above-mentioned process parameters. In a functional block 100 the feedback of the generated process data record is sent in the direction of the process database mentioned above 92 ,

Now, a step, which through the function block 102 it is now the value of that size, the one from the machining process on the workpiece 14 resulting quality characteristic, recorded. Thus, it becomes an actual quality of the workpiece obtained by the first machining operation 14 detected. As has already been explained several times above, this can be done by an inspection by the operator 68 done the result of the review then, for example, at the input device 70b or at one of the other input devices 70a or 70c enters. Alternatively or additionally, but also the sensor device 48 for the determination of the actual Quality can be used. The corresponding value was designated above by the letter D.

In a subsequent function block 104 the determined value D is in the direction of the process database 92 returned.

This is located between the function block 100 (Feedback of the process data set created during or immediately after the machining process in the direction of the process database) and the function block 92 (Process database) a function block 106 , which is an extension of the function block 100 Confirmed process data record with that of the function block 104 represents a confirmed quality characteristic. Thus, the process data set created in 98 will be another process datum, namely the one in the function block 102 ascertained value, which represents the recorded quality, added with a time delay.

This completed or completed process data record is then transferred to the process database 92 fed. There are, as already explained above, process data sets (referred to above by the letter F) stored, which different process variables link together, for example: sizes that characterize a property of the workpiece (above size C), for example, the type or type of Material, whether a coating is present, and if so, which coating, the dimensions of the workpiece produced 14 (Length, width, height), as well as the identifier of the workpiece; Sizes, which are a property of the tool used 60 . 62 which was used for the first machining operation characterize (above size B), for example, a tool identifier, a diameter of the tool, a geometry of the tool blades, a number of cutting teeth of the tool, and a qualitative tool condition; Sizes which characterize a machining task, for example, a height of the stack of workpieces to be split (package height), and the type of processing, for example, cut, scratch, etc. (above size A); Quantities that characterize the machining process (process parameters), for example, a feed rate, a speed, a supernatant of the tool 60 . 62 over the workpiece 12 during the machining process (saw blade projection), etc. (also above size A); and a size that results from the machining operation on the workpiece 74 resulting quality feature characterized (above size D), for example, a roughness, the extent and number of edge breakouts, a general optical quality grade, etc.

Those features that indicate a current state of the tool 60 or. 62 were, as already mentioned above, over the functional block 81 for the subsequent processing to the process database 92 been transmitted. These also belong to the respective data set F completed in the process database after a processing operation 92 , Thereby, the condition of the tool 60 or. 62 in the process database 92 be considered in different ways. For example, the tool condition may be characterized by direct, direct features, such as the wear bevel already mentioned above, blade damage, blade wear, etc., and / or may be characterized by indirect indirect features, such as a recessed cut path or addition of lengths the cut workpieces, etc.

The in the process database 92 stored process data sets F are, as also already above, in the function block 88 used to create an algorithm, the above-mentioned process model. Furthermore, the process records are in a function block 108 used, if necessary, to create a process model, which is then displayed in the function block 88 or an already existing process model to extend new process parameters.

After a machining operation is in a function block 110 Checked whether a time-neutral recording of the state of the tool 60 or. 62 possible (above size E). This is the case, for example, when the saw carriage 24 in the station 67 was moved. Is the answer in the function block 110 YES, a return occurs before the function block 76 , Is the answer in the function block 110 on the other hand NO, a return occurs before the function block 82 ,

It is understood that during the processing of the starting workpiece 10 generated in the processing operations an increasing number of process records F and in the function block 92 (Process database) are stored. Due to the growing number of process data records, the process model in the function block 88 be refined and adapted or updated in the course of the first processing, whereby an ever better match of the desired optimization size with the corresponding actual size is achieved.

In the function diagram of the 3 not shown, but in principle is also possible that on the basis of the current value of the size E, which indicates the state of the tool 60 . 62 characterized, and / or based on a history of the value of size E, which indicates the state of the tool 60 . 62 characterizes an information to the user 68 is issued, in particular a warning, a request for a check of the state of the tool 60 . 62 , a cleaning of the tool 60 . 62 , and / or a change of the tool 60 . 62 , and / or information regarding a suitability of the tool or the state of the tool for the upcoming machining task.

In the machine tool described above 10 the tool consists of a main saw blade 60 and a scoring saw blade 62 , It is understood, however, that the method described above can also be used with other machine tools not shown, which have other types of tools, and which also have a different number of tools, for example only a single tool or more than two different tools.

Further, in the embodiment specifically described above, the condition of the tool becomes 60 . 62 by means of an optical device 49 consisting of two cameras 49a and 49b detected. In principle, however, other devices are conceivable that the state of the tool 60 . 62 capture, in particular other non-contact devices, such as laser sensors, ultrasonic sensors and / or infrared sensors.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

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• DD 239369 A1 [0005]
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• DE 102012106139 B4 [0005]
• DE 102014104581 A1 [0005]
• DD 250885 A1 [0005]
• DE 10206615 B4 [0005]
• DE 102015213392 A1 [0005]

Claims (23)

Method for processing workpieces (12), in which a starting workpiece (12) is machined by means of a tool (60, 62) of a machine tool (10) and in which a value of a quality characteristic resulting from the machining operation (14) is determined on the machined workpiece (14) D), characterized in that a value of a variable (E) characterizing a state of the tool (60, 62) is determined during the machining process and / or before and / or after the machining process, and in that a data set ( F) and stored in a memory (52) that combines at least the value of the quality feature (D) and the value of the quantity (E) characterizing the state of the tool (60, 62). Method according to Claim 1 , characterized in that it further comprises the steps of: a. Determining or detecting a value of a quantity (A) characterizing the machining operation and / or the value of a quantity (B) characterizing a property of the tool (60,62) used for the machining operation and / or the value a size (C) characterizing a property of the workpiece (14); b. Creating and storing the data record (F) such that it additionally characterizes the value of the quantity (A) characterizing the processing operation and / or the value of the quantity (B) characterizing a property of the tool (60, 62) and / or the value of the size (C) characterizing a property of the workpiece (12, 14) with the value of the quality feature (D) resulting from the machining operation on the machined workpiece (14) and the value of the size (E) characterizes a state of the tool (60, 62). Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the value of the quantity (E) characterizing a condition of the tool (60, 62) is at least one of the following group: an optical image of at least a portion of the tool (60 , 62); a quality feature of the tool (60, 62), in particular a tool cutting edge, for example a wear chamfer, damage of a cutting edge, a cutting geometry, a cutting angle, a cutting profile, a contamination or quantitative quantities derived therefrom. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the quality feature (D) resulting from the machining operation is at least one of the following group: optical quality of the machined workpiece surface; Roughness of the machined workpiece surface; optical quality of a workpiece surface adjacent to the machined workpiece surface; optical quality of an edge formed by the machined workpiece surface and an adjacent workpiece surface; Accuracy of the position of the machined workpiece surface; as well as derived quantitative quantities. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the size (A) characterizing the machining process is at least one of the following group: rotational speed of the tool (60, 62); Feed rate of the tool (60, 62) and / or the machined workpiece; Course of a rotational speed of the tool (60, 62); Course of a feed rate of the tool (60, 62); Working position of the tool (60, 62) with respect to the workpiece (12) to be machined; Working position of the workpiece to be machined (12); Processing task; Height of a machined workpiece stack (12); a manufacturing order of cutting plans in a work order; Quality requirements for the workpiece. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the size (B) characterizing a property of the tool (60, 62) is at least one of the following group: previous operating time of the tool (60, 62); Type of tool (60, 62); Manufacturer of the tool (60, 62); Vibration behavior of the tool (60, 62); Course of a vibration behavior of the tool (60, 62); Tool geometry; Number of cutting teeth of the tool (60, 62). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the variable characterizing a property of the workpiece (12, 14) is at least one of the following group: material of the workpiece (12, 14); Thickness of the workpiece (12, 14); Dimensions of the workpiece (12, 14); Type of workpiece (12, 14); Production data of the workpiece (12, 14), for example, a cutting plan and / or a position of the workpiece (14) in the cutting plan, workpiece identifier. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the quality feature (D) and / or the value of the size (A) characterizing the machining operation and / or the value of the size (B) characterizing a property of the tool and or the value of the size (C), which characterizes a property of the workpiece, entered by an operator (68) by means of an input device (40, 70a-c) and / or by means of an image recognition device and / or by means of a preferably non-contact sensor device (44, 46, 47, 48) is detected. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a current state of the tool (60, 62) is displayed, in particular in the form of a current optical image of at least a portion of the tool (60, 62). Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a profile of the state of the tool (60, 62) is displayed, in particular as a film sequence of captured optical images of at least a portion of the tool (60, 62). Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a tool ID is also linked in the data set (F) with the values present there. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, that in the memory (52) a plurality of data sets (F) are stored, and that from the plurality of stored data sets (F), a process model is determined. Method according to Claim 12 characterized in that based on the determined value, the quantity (E) characterizing the current state of the tool (60, 62) and a predetermined value of the size (A) characterizing a designated machining operation, and / or a predetermined value of the size (B) characterizing a property of the tool (60, 62) and / or a predetermined value of the size (C) characterizing a property of the workpiece (12, 14) and / or a predetermined value the at least one optimum process parameter is determined from the quality feature (D) resulting from the intended machining operation on the machined workpiece. Method according to Claim 13 characterized in that the process parameter is at least one of the following group: rotational speed of the tool (60, 62); Feed rate of the tool (60, 62); Course of a rotational speed of the tool (60, 62); Course of a feed rate of the tool (60, 62); Working position of the tool (60, 62) with respect to the workpiece (12) to be machined; Working position of the workpiece to be machined (12); a manufacturing order of cutting plans in a work order; a sequence of work orders of different materials. Method according to at least one of Claims 13 or 14 in that for the determination of the optimal process parameter at least one optimization criterion is used, which is at least one of the following group: productivity, quality assurance, tool costs, workpiece costs, utilization of the machine tool. Method according to at least one of Claims 13 - 15 , characterized in that the determined optimal process parameters are automatically used for the intended machining operation. Method according to at least one of Claims 13 - 15 , characterized in that on the basis of the determined optimal process parameters, the process parameters entered by a user (68) are checked and, if necessary, automatically adjusted. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the value of the quantity (E) characterizing the state of the tool (60, 62) is determined during an off-time of a machining operation. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the value of the quantity (E) which characterizes the state of the tool (60, 62) is determined by means of an optical device, for example a camera, in particular an infrared camera (49a, 49b). , is detected. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the basis of the current value of the quantity (E) characterizing the state of the tool (60, 62) and / or on the basis of a progression of the value of the quantity (E ), which characterizes the state of the tool (60, 62), an information is output to the user (68), in particular a warning, a request for a check of the state of the tool (60, 62), a cleaning of the tool (60 , 62), and / or a change of the tool (60, 62), and / or a suitability of the tool (60, 62) or the state of the tool (60, 62) for an upcoming machining task. Machine tool (10), characterized in that it comprises a control and regulating device (42) with a processor (50) and a memory (52), which is designed for carrying out a method according to one of the preceding claims. Machine tool (10) after Claim 21 , characterized in that it comprises a non-contact, in particular optical device (49) for detecting a value of the magnitude that the Condition of the tool (60, 62), includes, in particular a camera (49a, 49b). Machine tool (10) after Claim 22 , characterized in that the optical device (49) is disposed in a station (67) in which the tool (60, 62) can be arranged when it is not processing a workpiece (12).

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