DE102017128811A1 - Transport device for transporting heavy objects on hoists - Google Patents

Abstract

Transport device for transporting heavy objects on hoists, wherein the hoist at an upper load application point, for. B of an upper eyebolt (4) or the like., Load-transmitting attacks and the load application point with a support (2, 6, 7) is connected to the lower end of a load receiving means (9, 10, 20) for coupling to the load (14) is arranged, wherein the transport device (1) for converting the load (14) from a vertically upright position to a horizontal position and vice versa formed by the upper load application point, eg the eyebolt (4) is fastened to a roller holder (3) which is arranged displaceably and lockable on the support (2, 6, 7) designed as a curved, upper profiled rail (6), and in that the load-receiving means (9, 10, 20) approximately in the central region below the curved rail (6) is connected thereto.

Description

The invention relates to a transport device for transporting heavy objects to hoists according to the preamble of claim 1.

Such a transport device is, for example, with the subject of CH 593861 A5 known. There, an auxiliary device for attaching and detaching face plates or clamping chucks is described on lathes, wherein the transport device consists of a formed by a rod or a tube carrier having at a first end a straight portion on which a sleeve is rotatably arranged. It is mounted secured against axial displacement to have a sleeve attached to the other end of the carrier for receiving a crane hook.

The said auxiliary device describes a transport device with which it is possible to move heavy objects in the range between 30 kg up to 1000 kg accident-free and from a first transport position, e.g. a lying position, in a second transport position, e.g. to bring a standing position.

In the CH 593861 A5 is given only a single transport position for the grinding wheel shown there and it is not possible to bring the grinding wheel from a lying position in a raised, upright mounting position. In any case, the transport device ensures a weight-balanced mounting position of the grinding wheel.

It deals with the same problem DE 92 01 595 U1 in which the gripper jaws of a gripper gripper have a mirror-image jaw profile contours shaped to accommodate tools with different shank or cone sizes and each jaw profile contour has at least three adjoining circular arc-shaped sections whose radii are adapted to the different diameters of the shank or cone sizes.

Disadvantage of this arrangement is that a relatively expensive pliers gripper is required.

With the subject of DE 79 04 070 U1 is another known gripping device, which consists essentially of two hook-shaped profiles, between which the heavy object is received by clamping, wherein acts on a support profile of the gripping device of the crane hook of a hoist.

Disadvantage of this arrangement is also that it is not possible to move a heavy object from an upright position to a horizontal position and vice versa, without spending a large amount of force on the hoist.

The invention is therefore based on the object, a transport device for transporting heavy objects on hoists so educate that two different transport positions, namely a horizontal and a stationary transport position for the object to be transported can be achieved without a significant amount of force on the hoist is required ,

To solve the problem, the invention is characterized by the technical teaching of claim 1.

Feature of the invention is that the transport device for converting the load from a vertically upright position to a horizontal position and vice versa formed by the upper load application point, e.g. the eye bolt is attached to a roller holder which is arranged displaceably and lockable on the carrier formed as a curved, upper rail and that the load-receiving means is connected approximately in the central region below the curved rail with this.

Another feature of the invention is that the transport device consists essentially of a swivel bar having an upper rail which is formed in the shape of a quarter circle, wherein the one end of the quarter circle is approximately aligned with the centroid line of the heavy object to be transported while the other end of the quadrant is approximately aligned with the midpoint line of the stationary object.

With the given technical teaching there is the advantage that a transport device is described, which essentially has an upper rail in the manner of a quarter circle and that acts on this rail, the hoist in the manner of a longitudinally displaceable and lockable along the rail roller holder, the Any point of the trained by the upper rail track is slidable and lockable.

If the hoist associated roll holder is locked in a first transport position at the end of the rail, z. As the vertical position of the heavy object to be transported, during which, when the roll holder is locked in the rotated by 90 ° pivot angle position at the lower end of the rail, can be done with little effort by means of the Roller holder attacking hoist the object can be brought from a standing position to the lying position of the.

It is important that the center of gravity of the object to be transported does not change during a position change of the object in the spatial plane of an X-Y-Z coordinate system.

Assuming that the transport device is clamped plane in the X-Z plane, then the condition for the function is that the center of gravity does not shift in the Z-axis of the object to be transported.

As a result, a force-free engagement of the hoist on the roll holder is possible, which in turn can be locked in any position and adjustable in a career of the upper rail designed as a quarter rail.

The invention is based on the problem that after the assembly of the heavy object such. B. a heavy grinding wheel with a weight of z. B. 75 kg in the stationary state such a grinding wheel is to be stored lying. The reason could be z. B. be a water retention, which would lead to an imbalance in the stationary state. When swiveling without the use of the transport device according to the invention, the edges of the grinding wheel could be damaged in the desired position change. In addition, the risk of injury is great if you bring the grinding wheel without transport device from a stationary to a horizontal position.

This is where the invention begins, which is now essentially force-free by means of a hoist, e.g. a pulley with a crane hook acts on the roll holder, a Schwenkrollbügel provides, which consists essentially of an upper, bent in the form of a quarter circle in a plane rail, on which the roll holder is lockable or displaceable in any shift position. At a distance from the upper rail, a lower stiffening rail is provided, which prevents unacceptable deflection of the upper rail.

This stiffening rail only serves to stabilize the tread and as protection against bending of the upper rail and can be designed relatively arbitrary.

It could also be completely eliminated if the profile of the rail is sufficiently dimensioned to prevent its bending under load.

The stiffening rail does not have to be in the X - Z Level of the rail to be formed; she can also be in the Y Plane - the perpendicular to the X - Z Plane stands - bent or spatially deformed. It is advantageous if it is connected to the rail at both ends.

To realize the transport device, it is still essential that the swivel roll bar is associated with a clamping device which is able to accomplish a clamping of the swivel bar in any displacement position on the upper rail.

For this purpose, a clamping lever is provided on the swivel roll bar, which presses with its bolt-side end on a side surface of the upper rail. The clamping lever is inserted in an associated transverse bore of the swiveling roll bar.

The opposite surface of the upper rail supported on a Schwenkrollbugfesten Ausgauge from, which supports the upper rail on the opposite flat side.

In this way it is possible to form a profiled running surface on the underside of the profile rail, on which a profile roller rolls, which is preferably rotatably mounted in ball bearings and is part of the Schwenkrollbügels.

In this way, the swivel bar can roll with said profile roller at any point of the rail, the profile roller supports the rail from below and thus absorbs the load.

To avoid a danger of falling over, it is otherwise provided that laterally protruding operating handles are provided at the ends of the swiveling roll bar in order to ensure force-free guidance of the transport device when it is coupled to the heavy object and floats freely in space.

In this way, a particularly simple and accident-free handling of heavy objects, such. As clamping of lathes, heavy grinding wheels, protective and shut-off walls for CNC processing machines and the like objects possible in which a transport and a spatially changed storage position is required.

As a load receiving means for the load-bearing of such a heavy object all possible load receptacles are possible, which are known and adapted to the load.

In the illustrated embodiment, it is z. B. provided that on a grinding wheel left and right side flange discs are arranged, in which associated receiving holes are arranged, in which in each case a load-receiving means engages, which is directly connected to the transport device.

Such a load-receiving means may for example be a threaded screw.

Instead of using a threaded screw as a load-carrying device, all other load handling equipment can be used, such. As clamping devices, screwing devices, wedge devices, vise-like clamping devices, magnetic clamping chuck, hydraulic tensioning devices and the like.

The invention is therefore not limited to a bolt-like load-carrying means, but it can be used all known load-carrying means, which are adapted to the respective object to be transported.

A usual sequence of movements for the handling of such a transport device is z. Example is that a standing on a machine clamped heavy grinding wheel should be removed and placed in a horizontal storage position at a remote location.

For this purpose, it is initially provided that the transport device is transported with its unloaded swivel crab on the crane hook hanging to the installation site, the roll holder is set approximately in a central position on the upper rail to achieve mass balance of the transport device on the crane hook.

In this first transport position, the transport device is moved up to a grinding wheel clamped vertically in a machine, and the load receiving means is coupled to the grinding wheel. In the next method step, the roller holder is moved from its center position to a first end position on the mounting rail, so that the grinding wheel can be dismantled and balance balanced on the transport device, without jamming, dropping or other damage is to be feared.

It is important that the roll holder is locked in the upper end position on the upper rail in order to avoid that during transport of the heavy object, the roll holder moves on the rail.

This weight compensation is given and the transport device can be moved with the locked in the upper end position roller holder in any way with the hoist, so as to bring the grinding wheel to the place of its storage position.

For the transition from the stationary position to the horizontal position of the heavy object, the clamping device is now solved on the roll holder and the roll holder is - with appended hoist - rotated to another end position, rotated by 90 ° on the upper rail until it in his moved by 90 ° shifted end position on the rail. There he is arrested again.

The grinding wheel is thus pivoted from the hanging or standing position to a lying position, without the risk of falling over or damaging the edges of the grinding wheel or other type of object.

In this storage position, the load-receiving means can now be solved, and the transport device can be lifted again with the help of the hoist of the now stored heavy object.

Further features of the invention are the subject of the remaining dependent claims.

The subject of the present invention results not only from the subject matter of the individual claims, but also from the combination of the individual claims with each other.

All information and features disclosed in the documents, including the abstract, in particular the spatial design shown in the drawings, are claimed to be essential to the invention insofar as they are novel individually or in combination with respect to the prior art.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings showing only one embodiment. Here are from the drawings and their description further features essential to the invention and advantages of the invention.

• 1: perspektivische Darstellung der Transportvorrichtung im Leerzustand
• 2: die Montagestellung der Transportvorrichtung bei der Festlegung an einem zu transportierenden, schweren Gegenstand
• 3: die um 90° gedrehte Lage der Transportvorrichtung und des dort angeordneten Rollenhalters mit liegender Lagerung des zu lagernden Gegenstandes
• 4: eine Draufsicht auf die Transportvorrichtung nach der Erfindung
• 5: ein Schnitt durch die Transportvorrichtung
• 6: schematisierte Darstellung des Funktionsprinzips der erfindungsgemäßen Transportvorrichtung

Show it:

• 1 : perspective view of the transport device in the empty state
• 2 : the mounting position of the transport device when fixing to a heavy object to be transported
• 3 : The rotated by 90 ° position of the transport device and the roller holder arranged there with horizontal storage of the object to be stored
• 4 : A plan view of the transport device according to the invention
• 5 : a section through the transport device
• 6 : Schematic representation of the principle of operation of the transport device according to the invention

The transport device 1 after the 1 to 3 consists essentially of a swivel bar 2 which, in turn, consists of an upper, approximately in a quarter circle 42 in a plane curved rail 6 consists of the lateral bends in the range of two opposite end positions 21 . 22 with a stiffening rail arranged underneath 7 is connected, which stiffening rail buckling, bending or other unacceptable deformation of the upper rail 6 should prevent.

For this reason, the stiffening rail 7 be made of any material. It can be made in one piece with the upper rail 6 be connected; However, they can also form a material mehrstückiges part by z. B. via separate coupling pieces with the ends of the upper rail 6 in the area of end positions 21 . 22 connected is.

It may be formed as a plate, as a perforated rail, rail or any other type, and it does not necessarily in the X - Z Level of the rail, as shown by the functional example in 6 is shown.

So you can also in the Y -Axis deformed. In any case, it is important that the upper rail 6 , on the roll holder 3 slidably and lockable attaches, in the X - Z Level according to 6 Plan runs and a deformation in the Y Direction is essentially excluded.

Would namely be a deformation in the Y -Axis, it would no longer be possible to support the center of gravity of the heavy object, such as a grinding wheel 14 to transport without effort.

The roll holder 3 is thus along the upper rail 6 movable and lockable in any position. For locking a clamping lever is used 5 whose function is based on the later 5 will be described in more detail.

At the upper side of the roll holder 3 put a ring bolt 4 on, which attacks a not shown hoist such. As a crane hook or the like, which is connected to a pulley or other hoist.

At the lower stiffening rail 7 are end-directed operating handles in each case in one plane 12 arranged, with which it is possible to maneuver with the two hands of an operator hanging on the crane hook transport device without any effort in any position.

In addition, there is no risk of injury because the operating handles 12 outside the roller conveyor of the upper rail 6 are arranged and therefore there is no risk that an operator in the recess 8th between the upper rail 6 and the lower stiffening rail 7 engages during use of the transport device.

At the lower stiffening rail 7 also the load-carrying means is arranged. For this purpose is a load-bearing plate 9 on the stiffening rail 7 molded, and for weight saving reasons is a recess 11 present, leaving the load-bearing plate 9 with the lowest possible weight on the underside of the stiffening rail 7 is arranged. The load-bearing plate 9 can be attached to the stiffening rail 7 be formed; However, it can also be used as a two-part part with the stiffening rail 7 be coupled.

The stiffening rail 7 Incidentally, it forms near an end position 21 a bend 19 who have an exemption room 24 Are defined. The exemption room 24 is intended that the entire transport device can be moved up to the side of a grinding machine and a risk of damage to the arranged on the grinding machine oil lubrication device is not given, because this exactly in the exemption space 24 fits in without the risk of the transport device 1 collided with the oil lubricator or other housing parts or guards of the machine.

The upper profile rail 6 forms a lower raceway 13 off, at the one in 5 illustrated profile role 38 rolls.

The 1 shows the mounting position 23 in which the roll holder 3 approximately in the middle area or in the upper third of the rail 6 is locked so as to a tilt-free transport of the transport device 1 to allow on a crane hook.

The heavy object to be transported, which is to be protected against damage, is one in the embodiment shown Grinding wheel with a diameter of 800 mm, a thickness of 85 mm and a weight of approx. 85 kg. Of course, the design of the load and grinding wheel 14 to be understood as an example only; Other loads have already been mentioned in the general description section.

The grinding wheel 14 has frontally opposite and mutually parallel flange washers 15 on, and in each of the flange discs is centrally a Konusaufnahme 16 shown for the engagement of a drive pin, not shown, of the grinding wheel 14 rotating on a machine drives.

The load handling device 10 is in the embodiment shown as a threaded screw 20 formed in an associated receiving bore 18 into the flange disc 15 engages on one side.

For weight balance of various thick grinding wheels 14 can be at the bottom of the load-bearing plate 9 another compensation plate 17 be screwed on.

The 4 shows different positions, namely the mounting position 23 and the two end positions 21 . 22 for the roll holder 3 , along the rail 6 on the career shown there 13 is freely movable and lockable.

The final position 21 shows the roll holder 3 in its upper raised vertical position, where it can be seen that the center of gravity line 25 through the grinding wheel 14 and the holder of the grinding wheel 14 an offset 27 to the middle longitudinal line 26 through the grinding wheel 14 forms.

The offset 27 It results from a weight shift between the weight of the grinding wheel 14 and the lifting gear engaging the grinding wheel, and therefore the center of gravity line 25 around the offset 27 offset to the right.

It is ensured that the focus 43 resulting from the entire arrangement of grinding wheel and transporting gear, with the center of gravity line 25 and the center line 26 through the roll holder 3 matches and thus the one end position 21 formed. In this weight-balanced transport position, the transport device 1 be freely suspended on a hoist without any effort to be pivoted without jamming or risk of falling.

It follows that in the final position 21 , ie in the hanging position after 4 , the clamping lever 5 not necessarily locked, ie the role holder 3 does not have to be on the rail 6 locked, because with appropriate swinging of the heavy object, while the entire transport device 1 hangs on a hoist, it automatically comes to a counterbalance, because the roll holder 3 free in the raceway 13 shifts and so an automatic weight balance takes place.

There is also a Schwungabbremsung in a lively transport instead, because the profile role 38 with unlocked clamping lever 5 free on the track 13 moves and thus leads to an automatic weight balance.

There is therefore no danger of falling, because due to the position of the roller holder 3 in the final position 21 (in the upper end of the quarter circle 42 ) is now given a stable transport position.

In 4 is the exemption room 24 drawn, which forms an exemption for a purging device or for an apron on the machine or the like.

Only the sake of completeness is still the mounting position 23 located.

From the in 4 shown hanging position is now the subject, z. B. the grinding wheel 14 to be placed in a lying position. This is done by taking the other end position 22 reached. That is, with entarretiertem clamping lever 5 becomes the roll holder 3 without much effort, on the track 13 the upper profile rail 6 in the direction of the arrow 47 moved down until it reaches its final position 22 he takes with his eyebolt 4 hanging on a hoist,
With this shift, the roll holder in the area of the circular curvature 41 of the quarter circle 42 shifted force-free and to a gentle transfer of the grinding wheel 14 with simultaneous deceleration, so that these in the in 3 Placed storage position automatically stores.

It becomes a load picking line 40 defined in 4 runs horizontally and through the load handling device 10 goes through it. It is important that the raised end position 21 above the load-bearing line 40 lies while the other end position 22 below the load-bearing line 40 lies.

To force-free storage of the grinding wheel 14 to allow, is therefore the lower end position 22 also defined by the fact that the midpoint line 46 through the heavy object, such. B. the grinding wheel 14 like the roll holder 3 in the lower end position 22 cuts.

The 5 shows the section through the device. The roll holder 3 is as a U-shaped part formed, which with two U-legs a central recess 33 defined, in which the one end of a grub screw 29 engages and laterally over a locking screw 31 is supported in a transverse bore 32 is screwed.

The grub screw 29 serves as a locking device when on the top of the upper rail 6 certain protrusions are present, which are designed as locking cams or notches, can with the help of the grub screw 29 the displacement of the roll holder 3 on the upper rail 6 be locked in the field of locking positions.

The grub screw 29 forms an exemption on the upper front side 30 towards the lower, bolt-side end of a threaded bolt 28 with which the eyebolt 4 in the body of the roll holder 3 is screwed.

To secure the threaded bolt 28 with a lateral locking screw 31 supported in a transverse bore 32 is screwed in order to prevent rotation of the eyebolt 4 to ensure.

The clamp lock of the roll holder 3 on the profile rail 6 done by a clamping lever 5 , the bolt-side end in a transverse bore 34 is screwed in and whose end face is on a clamping surface 36 on the side of the profile rail 6 supported.

The opposite side of the rail 6 lies in the form of a clamping surface 37 at the bolt end of a compensation screw 35 with the help of a mother more or less in the central recess 33 of the roll holder 3 can be screwed.

The roll holder 3 is characterized on the rail 6 freely movable, that in the recess 8th the transport device rotatably mounted on ball bearings profile roller 38 is arranged, wherein the ball bearings in the range of bearing bolts 39 are arranged.

Instead of the use of ball bearings and sliding bearings can be used or the profile roller can be stored in other ways.

The profile role 38 forms a center-symmetrical profile and thus rolls without jamming on the lower raceway 13 from. Thus, the roll holder becomes 3 load-transferring engaged, so that the load from the eyebolt 4 over the roll holder 3 on the upper rail 6 and their career 13 is transmitted.

In 6 is the principle of the invention shown, where it can be seen that the swivel bar 2 in principle with its upper rail 6 almost a quarter circle 42 forms, with the quadrant over a swivel angle 44 of 90 ° +/- 10 degrees.

In a preferred embodiment, however, it may be provided that the pivot angle on both sides continues by five or ten degrees, so that a pivot angle of 100 ° or 110 ° is possible.

Importantly, the two end positions 21 . 22 a force-free load transfer of each arranged there roller holder 3 both for the stationary and for the horizontal storage of the grinding wheel arranged there 14 guarantee.

The circular vault 41 is equivalent to about a quarter circle 42 and coincides plane parallel in the XZ axis, as in 6 is shown.

Thus forms the upper rail 6 a control curve 45 for the control of the two offset by 90 ° to each other end positions 21 and 22 ,

The final position 22 is through the intersection with the midpoint line 46 marked while the end position 21 through the intersection with the around the offset 27 shifted focus line 25 cuts.

It should be avoided that the rail 6 in the direction of the Y -Axis is deformed, because such a plane-parallel arrangement in the plane of the drawing is preferred. If, however, a deformation in the Y -Axis made possible, the center of gravity of the object to be transported is raised or lowered, which is associated with additional transport work. However, this does not make the function of the transport device impossible 1 although it still works, but at the expense of disadvantages.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

transport device

2

Swiveling roll bar

3

roll holder

4

eyebolt

5

clamping lever

6

upper profile rail

7

stiffening rail

8th

recess

9

Load carrying plate

10

Load handling devices

11

recess

12

Operating handle

13

career

14

grinding wheel

15

flange

16

cone holder

17

compensating plate

18

location hole

19

Bend (from 7 )

20

screw

21

End position (top)

22

End position (below)

23

mounting position

24

Exemption space

25

Gravity line

26

Center longitudinal line

27

offset

28

Threaded bolt (from 4 )

29

grub screw

30

exemption

31

locking screw

32

cross hole

33

recess

34

cross hole

35

adjusting screw

36

clamping surface

37

clamping surface

38

profile role

39

bearing bolt

40

Lifting line

41

circle buckle

42

Quarter circle (from 6 )

43

main emphasis

44

swivel angle

45

cam

46

Center line

47

arrow

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• CH 593861 A5 [0002, 0004]
• DE 9201595 U1 [0005]
• DE 7904070 U1 [0007]

Claims (10)

Transport device for transporting heavy objects on hoists, wherein the hoist at an upper load application point, for. B of an upper eyebolt (4) or the like., Load-transmitting attacks and the load application point with a support (2, 6, 7) is connected to the lower end of a load receiving means (9, 10, 20) for coupling to the load (14) is arranged, characterized in that the transport device (1) for converting the load (14) from a vertically upright position to a horizontal position and vice versa formed by the upper load application point, such as the eye bolt (4) on a roll holder ( 3) which is arranged displaceably and lockably on the carrier (2, 6, 7) formed as a bent, upper profiled rail (6) and in that the load receiving means (9, 10, 20) are located approximately in the central region below the curved profiled rail (9). 6) is connected to this directly or indirectly. Transport device after Claim 1 , characterized in that the indirect connection of the load-receiving means (9, 10, 20) with the curved rail (6) via a stiffening rail (7), which is connected at both ends to the ends of the rail (6). Transport device after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the bent profile rail (6) is bent approximately plane-parallel in an XZ plane approximately. Transport device according to one of Claims 1 or 2 , characterized in that the bent profile rail (6) is bent approximately in the shape of a quarter circle. Transport device after Claim 4 , characterized in that the bent profile rail (6) is bent around an angle range of 90 degrees +/- 10 degrees. Transport device according to one of Claims 1 or 5 , characterized in that the transport device (1) is designed as a swivel bar (2) consisting of the upper, bent rail (6) and the both ends with the rail (6) releasably or firmly connected stiffening rail (7), at the bottom the load-receiving means (9, 10, 20) is fastened approximately centrally. Transport device according to one of Claims 1 or 6 , characterized in that in the standing position of the article (14) the longitudinal axis through the swivel bar (2) on the curved rail (6) approximately with the centroid line (25) of the heavy object to be transported (14) in the one end position (21 ) flees. Transport device according to one of Claims 1 or 7 , characterized in that in the lying position of the article (14) the longitudinal axis through the swivel bar (2) with the horizontal center line (46) through the stationary object and with its center of gravity (43) is aligned. Transport device according to one of Claims 7 or 8th , characterized in that between the vertical centroid line (25) and the center of gravity of the article (14) is a horizontal offset (27). Transport device according to one of Claims 1 or 9 , characterized in that at the ends of the swivel bar (2) laterally projecting operating handles (12) are fastened to ensure a force-free guidance of the transport device (2) when it is coupled to the heavy object (14) and floats freely in space ,

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