DE102017128198A1 - Switching device with freewheeling function for a transmission and transmission with the switching device - Google Patents

Abstract

Freewheel devices are used in transmissions which have the properties of transmitting a drive torque in a first direction of rotation and of releasing them in a second direction of rotation. Such freewheel devices are also used as overrunning clutches. As further components switching units are used in gearboxes, which can rotate and decouple two waves together. Components are known from the prior art, which can implement both functions, namely the freewheeling function and the switching function. A shifting device 1 for a transmission is proposed, with a supporting body 2, wherein the supporting body 2 can be arranged on a first component, with a shift sleeve body 4, wherein the shift sleeve body 4 is slidably disposed on the support body 2 in an axial direction, with a coupling body 3, wherein the coupling body 3 can be arranged on a second component, wherein the switching device 1 can assume a release state and a switching state as operating states in which in the release state of the shift sleeve body 4 and the coupling body 3 are disengaged and wherein in the switching state of the shift sleeve body 4 is in engagement with the coupling body 3, with synchronizing means for synchronizing the rotational speeds of the shift sleeve body 4 and the coupling body 3 at d em transition from the release state in the switching state, with a freewheel device 19, wherein the freewheel device 19 is designed to allow a freewheel in a first direction of rotation in the switching state and to lock in a reverse direction, wherein the freewheel device 19 by a shift teeth 20 on the shift sleeve body 4th and a counter toothing 21 is formed on the coupling body 3.

Description

The invention relates to a switching device for a transmission with the features of the preamble of claim 1. Furthermore, the invention relates to a transmission with the switching device.

Freewheel devices are used in transmissions which have the properties of transmitting a drive torque in a first direction of rotation and of releasing them in a second direction of rotation. Such freewheel devices are also used as overrunning clutches. As further components switching units are used in gearboxes, which can rotate and decouple two waves together. From the prior art components are also known, which can implement both functions, namely the free-running function and the switching function.

For example, the document discloses DE 10 2014 215 418 A1 , which probably forms the closest prior art, a synchronous carrier assembly for a vehicle transmission with a synchronous carrier, which has an external toothing, wherein the synchronous carrier is annular around an axis of symmetry and is mounted indirectly on a shaft. Radially between the synchronizer carrier body and the shaft, a freewheel unit is positioned on a freewheel inner ring arranged on the shaft.

Other synchronous carrier arrangements are for example from DE 1 212 358 B and the US 1,752,937 A known.

From the DE 2 250 533 A1 is a reversible overrunning clutch, which is used there for the drive of front wheels when their rotational speed falls below that of the rear wheels.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a switching device with freewheeling function for a transmission, which offers functional advantages. This object is achieved by a switching device with the features of claim 1 and by a transmission with the features of claim 10. Preferred or advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the following description and the accompanying drawings.

The invention relates to a switching device for a transmission. The transmission is in particular a vehicle transmission. Particularly preferably, the transmission is designed as an automatic transmission, a manual transmission and / or a gear change transmission. The switching device has the function of rotationally fixed to set and decouple a first component and a second component at least in one direction of rotation. The components may be formed, for example, as a first and a second shaft. Further, the switching device sets a freewheeling function, so that one of the components can always be rotated independently of an operating condition in a rotational direction independently of the other component.

The switching device has a supporting body, wherein the supporting body can be arranged or arranged on the first component. In particular, the first component forms part of the switching device. Particularly preferably, the support body is rotatably connected to the first component.

The switching device has a shift sleeve body, wherein the shift sleeve body is slidably mounted on the support body in an axial direction. Preferably, the shift sleeve body and the support body in the circumferential direction at least partially on an axial toothing, which allows an axial relative displacement between the shift sleeve body and support body, but forms a positive coupling in the direction of rotation. By the support body and / or the shift sleeve body and / or the components, a main axis of the switching device is defined, wherein the information "axially" and "in the direction of rotation" are based on this major axis. Preferably, the support body and / or the shift sleeve body and / or the switching device rotates / rotate in operation about the main axis.

The switching device has a coupling body, wherein the coupling body can be arranged on the second component and / or arranged. Optionally, the second component forms part of the switching device. The coupling body may be formed in one piece, Alternatively, the coupling body is realized as a subassembly having a plurality of elements or components.

The switching device can assume at least one release state and one switching state as operating states. Optionally, the switching device can assume further operating states, for example as intermediate states. In the release state, the shift sleeve body and the coupling body are disengaged. In this operating state, the first and the second component can assume different angular velocities. In the switching state, the shift sleeve body is engaged with the clutch body. In particular, the coupling body and the sliding sleeve body and thus the support body and the first component are positively coupled with each other in a circumferential direction or rotational direction.

The switching device has synchronization means for synchronizing the rotational speeds of the shift sleeve body and the coupling body, so that they are synchronized in the transition from the release state to the switching state, in particular run at the same speed. The synchronization means can be designed as desired and based on any mode of operation.

Optionally, the synchronization means comprises a synchronous running sensor for detecting a synchronous relative rotational movement and / or reversal of the relative rotational movement between the sliding sleeve body and the coupling body, which prevents switching to the switching state in the asynchronous rotational movement and switching in synchronous rotational movement or after a reversal of the relative rotational movement in the switching state releases.

The switching device has a freewheel device, wherein the freewheel device is designed to allow in the switching state a freewheel, in particular of the coupling body relative to the support body and / or to the first component in a first rotational direction in the circumferential direction about the main axis and to lock in a reverse direction. Preferably, the freewheel device is formed with this property at the same time as an overrunning clutch.

In the context of the invention it is proposed that the freewheel device is formed by a switching toothing on the shift sleeve body and a counter toothing on the coupling body. Thus, it is proposed in the invention to implement the freewheeling function by gears in the shift sleeve body and the coupling body. In particular, it is achieved by the switching device according to the invention that the synchronization process is implemented by design and only then the freewheel device is activated. The invention is based on the following considerations:

1. 1. Weitgehender Synchronlauf zwischen beiden zu verbindenden Bauteilen. Die Wirkung des nun aktiven Freilaufs zeigt sich erst wenn die beiden Bauteile sich relativ zueinander in Sperrrichtung des Freilaufs bewegen wollen, in dem ein Moment entgegen der Relativbewegungsrichtung übertragen wird.
2. 2. Relative Bewegung der zu verbindenden Bauteile entgegen der Sperrrichtung. Die Wirkung des nun aktiven Freilaufs zeigt sich erst bei einer Umkehr der Relativbewegungsrichtung zwischen den Bauteilen.
3. 3. Relative Bewegung der zu verbindenden Bauteile in Sperrrichtung. Der nun sperrende Freilauf versucht die relative Bewegung sprungartig zu unterbinden, wobei sehr große Beschleunigungen und Kräfte auftreten können.

In an activatable or switchable freewheel, as shown for example in the publication mentioned above, the blocking function of the freewheel can be activated independently of the current speed difference between the components to be connected. Simplified, at the time of enabling the freewheel three different operating points can prevail:

1. 1. Extensive synchronous operation between the two components to be connected. The effect of the now active freewheel only appears when the two components want to move relative to each other in the reverse direction of the freewheel, in which a moment is transmitted against the direction of relative movement.
2. 2. Relative movement of the components to be connected against the reverse direction. The effect of the now active freewheel only becomes apparent when the direction of relative movement between the components is reversed.
3. 3. Relative movement of the components to be connected in the reverse direction. The now blocking freewheel tries to stop the relative movement abruptly, with very large accelerations and forces can occur.

On the other hand, due to the synchronous running sensor or the synchronizing means, the switching device can be switched or activated only during largely synchronous movement of the two components, so that the situations 2 and mainly 3 as described above can be safely avoided.

Thus, the switching device forms a switchable positive connection between two components, which allows a free relative movement between the components in both directions in the deactivated state; in the active state and in a relative movement of the components to each other in the one direction of movement acts blocking and in a relative movement against the reverse direction, the positive connection automatically dissolves; Integration of synchronization means so that activation of the connection is only released when the movement is approximately synchronous and otherwise mechanically blocked or prevented.

In a preferred structural embodiment of the invention, the shift toothing is designed as a sawtooth profile. By forming a sawtooth profile is achieved that is made possible in a relative rotation between the coupling body and the switching muffle body in the first direction of rotation and locked in the opposite direction. Preferably, the sawtooth profile has a wall, which is arranged in an axial plane to the main axis and from the wall base extends a sawtooth, which is formed rising from the wall in the direction of rotation.

The counter-toothing is preferably designed as a negative or a complementary to the switching teeth, so that in the first direction of rotation, the sawtooth profiles can slide on each other and a freewheel is given. In the opposite direction, the walls of the gear teeth and counter teeth come to rest against each other, so that a positive coupling is given.

In principle, it is possible that the synchronization means are designed as desired. However, it is preferred that the synchronization means a synchronizer ring with a locking gear portion and having a friction cut. The friction section may in particular be formed as a cone section. In particular, the synchronization means can be designed as a single-cone or a multi-cone synchronization device. In a further development, it is preferable for the coupling body to have a counter-friction section which can come into frictional engagement with the friction section. Optionally, additional friction cones are arranged between the friction section and the counter friction section.

It is possible that the synchronization work is done by the synchronizer ring. Alternatively, the synchronization may be implemented via a control device, which forms part of the switching device, by driving a motor which drives the switching device. In this embodiment, a part or a major part of the synchronization work can be implemented by the motor. In this alternative, the synchronizer ring forms a synchronous sensor, which ensures that switching from the release state to the switching state occurs only when the rotational speeds of the components are synchronized with each other.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention it is provided that the synchronization means comprises a spring module, wherein the spring module acts between the shift sleeve body and the synchronizer ring and wherein a synchronization force is transmitted from the shift sleeve body via the spring module to the synchronizer ring.

The spring module preferably spaced the shift sleeve body and the synchronizer ring, in particular the locking contour of the shift sleeve body of the locking contour of the synchronizer ring.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, when the switching device is in the release state, the spring module biases the shift sleeve body against movement into the switching state. Alternatively or additionally, when the switching device is in the switching state, the spring module biases the shift sleeve body against movement into the release state. In particular, the spring module is formed bistable, so that the spring module is self-holding in the switching state and is self-holding in the release state. Thus, the states of the switching device are held without force introduction by the shift sleeve body.

In a preferred structural embodiment of the invention, the spring module is designed as a Totpunktfedermodul, wherein the dead point in the transition from the release state in the switching state happens or exceeded. In the same way, the dead point is passed or exceeded during a transition from the switching state to the release state.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the freewheel device and the spring module are designed constructively that an operation of the freewheel device leads to a switching of the switching device of the switching state in the release state. Upon actuation of the freewheel device, the spring sleeve body is displaced in the axial direction of the coupling body against the spring force of the spring module. The displacement is dimensioned so that the spring module is guided over the dead center and / or switches the bistable states. After exceeding the dead center of the shift sleeve body is pressed by the spring module in the release state, so that a switching of the switching device takes place. Switching to the switching state is only possible by introducing a switching force, e.g. possible via the sliding sleeve body.

Another object of the invention relates to a transmission with the switching device as described above or according to one of the preceding claims.

• 1 eine schematische dreidimensionale teilgeschnittene Darstellung einer Schaltvorrichtung als ein Ausführungsbeispiel der Erfindung;
• 2 die Schaltvorrichtung in der 1 mit weiter eingeblendeten Bauteilen;
• 3 die Schaltvorrichtung der vorhergehenden Figuren in einem Schaltzustand;
• 4 eine dreidimensionale Darstellung der Schaltvorrichtung der vorhergehenden Figuren mit grafisch eingeblendeter Synchronisierungseinrichtung;
• 5 eine schematische Längsschnittdarstellung entlang der Hauptachse der Schaltvorrichtung der vorhergehenden Figuren.

Further features, advantages and effects of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention and the accompanying figures. These show:

• 1 a schematic three-dimensional partially sectioned view of a switching device as an embodiment of the invention;
• 2 the switching device in the 1 with further exposed components;
• 3 the switching device of the preceding figures in a switching state;
• 4 a three-dimensional representation of the switching device of the preceding figures with graphically superimposed synchronization device;
• 5 a schematic longitudinal sectional view along the main axis of the switching device of the preceding figures.

The 1 shows a schematic three-dimensional, partially cut representation of a switching device 1 in a release state. The switching device 1 has the function of a first and a second shaft (not shown) as components either in a direction of rotation to couple freely or decouple. In the in the 1 As shown, the switching device 1 in the release state, so that the two shafts or components are decoupled from each other and in any Turning directions, for example, can run at different speeds. In the 3 is the switching device 1 shown in the switching state, wherein the two waves are coupled freely running together. In the free-running coupling, the components or shafts can rotate freely in a direction of rotation relative to each other, in the opposite direction as a locking direction, the components or waves are positively connected to each other. The two shafts or components, not shown, extend coaxially to an indicated major axis H ,

The switching device 1 has a support body 2 on, which is rotatably connected to the first shaft. Furthermore, the switching device 1 a coupling body 3 on, which is rotatably connected to the second shaft. Instead of a first and a second shaft, other components with the switching device 1 be coupled.

On the support body 2 is a shift sleeve body 4 arranged, which is axial to the main axis H slidable on the support body 2 is arranged. In the in the 1 shown release state is the shift sleeve body 4 out of engagement with the coupling body 3 arranged.

The supporting body 2 has an external toothing 5 which is designed as an axial toothing and / or a toothing with teeth running in the axial direction. The shift sleeve body 4 on the other hand has an internal toothing 7 on, which with the external teeth 6 is engaged and an axial displacement of the shift sleeve body 4 on the support body 2 allows. To initiate the shift, the shift sleeve body 4 a circumferential groove 8th for engaging a switching device, such as a shift fork on. Both the support body 2 as well as the shift sleeve body 4 are formed in the coarse form as a hollow cylinder and coaxial and / or concentric with the main axis H arranged.

The switching device has a synchronization device 9 on which a synchronization means of the switching device 1 forms. The synchronization device 9 has a synchronizer ring 10 on which a Sperrverzahnungsabschnitt 11 and a friction section 12 includes. The locking teeth section 11 is congruent with the external toothing with regard to the toothing 6 formed so that the shift sleeve body 4 with the Innenverzahnung7 first in the outer toothing 5 moved and subsequently the Sperrverzahnungsabschnitt 11 can penetrate. The synchronizer ring 10 can be in the direction of rotation about the main axis H be pivoted so that, depending on the angular position of the synchronizer ring 10 traversing the locking gear section 11 with the internal toothing 7 is enabled and locked in other positions.

The synchronization device 9 has a spring module 13 on, with the spring module 13 by a plurality of individual feathers 14 is formed. The majority of individual feathers 14 or the spring module 13 supported on the one hand in a first receiving groove 15 , which on the shift sleeve body 4 is arranged and on the other hand at a second receiving groove 16 starting, which on the synchronizer ring 10 is arranged so that the individual feathers 14 and / or the spring module 13 between the shift sleeve body 4 and the synchronizer ring 10 Act. The first receiving groove 15 is in a circumferential web portion 17 arranged, which at the same time a mechanical stop for the synchronization device 9 or the synchronizer ring 10 forms. The spring module 13 may be adapted to the synchronizer ring 10 at least at an axial distance d in the axial direction of the internal toothing of the shift sleeve body 4 to keep. Alternatively, the distance d constructively achieved otherwise or ensured.

In the 2 the switching device is also shown in the release state, but wherein the web portion 17 circumscribed throughout, so that the fixation of the individual feathers 14 of the spring module 13 is shown better. The operation of the switching device 1 is as follows:

In the 1 and 2 is the shift sleeve body 4 in the end position in the direction of the supporting body 2 , The synchronizer ring 10 is from the single pens 14 which are designed as Übertotpunktfedern, and / or of the spring module 13 in the direction of the coupling body 3 pressed, this movement by means of a mechanical path limitation between the shift sleeve body 4 and the synchronizer ring 10 is limited. This mechanical travel limitation is realized by means of a shoulder on the synchronizer ring 10 and a ring passing through the bridge section 17 is formed on the shift sleeve body 4 for recording the single pens 14 , The friction section 12 of the synchronizer ring 10 is non-contact to a Gegenreibabschnitt 8th of the coupling body 3 arranged.

The teeth of the locking gear section 11 are congruent in the axial direction to the teeth of the external teeth 5 arranged so that the Sperrverzahnungsabschnitt 11 and / or the synchronizer ring 10 are located in a releasing position. To lock the Sperrverzahnungsabschnitt can 11 and / or the synchronizer ring 10 relative to the support body 2 turn in the direction of rotation, so that the teeth of the locking gear section 11 in front of the grooves of the external toothing 6 of the supporting body 2 stand and thereby the shift sleeve body 4 lock during axial movement.

In a switching operation, the switching device 1 transferred from the release state in a switching state. In this case, an actuating force in the shift sleeve body 4 in this case over the groove 8th introduced so that the shift sleeve body 4 is moved in the axial direction. By the shift is over the spring module 13 an axially acting force on the synchronizer ring 10 introduced so that it is also displaced axially and initially slidingly on the friction section 12 at the Gegenreibabschnitt 18 is applied. By the sliding contact a synchronization of the rotational speeds between the support body 2 and the coupling body 3 and thus between the first and the second shaft or the components. The synchronizer ring 10 is arranged in the axial direction, so that it can rotate freely at least over a certain angular range and sufficiently spaced from the internal toothing 7 is, so that the rotation through the synchronizer ring 10 initially not obstructed. The sliding contact makes the synchronizer ring 10 around the main axis H pivoted so that it first moves into a locked position. Once the speeds of the support body 2 and the coupling body 3 are aligned and a reversal of the relative rotational movement between the shift sleeve body and the coupling body, the synchronizer ring pivots 10 such that the teeth of the ratchet portion 11 in flight with the teeth of the external teeth 6 lie. In an alternative embodiment, (as soon as the speeds of the support body 2 and the coupling body 3 are aligned) of the synchronizer ring 10 by a further advancing the shift sleeve body 4 be unlocked by this is pivoted back so that the teeth of the Sperrverzahnungsabschnitts 11 in flight with the teeth of the external teeth 6 lie. Then there is the Sperrverzahnungsabschnitt 11 and the synchronizer ring 10 in the releasing position. In a further displacement of the shift sleeve body 4 in the axial direction moves the internal teeth 7 through the ratchet portion 11 ,

In the 3 is the switching device 1 shown in the switching state, wherein the shift sleeve body 4 compared to the switching state in the 1 is axially displaced.

The single feathers 14 of the spring module 13 are formed as Totpunktfedern, which take a bistable function. While the single feathers 14 of the spring module 13 in the release state of the switching device 1 in the 1 a spacing d between the ratchet portion 11 and the internal teeth 7 the shift sleeve body 4 secure elastically (this in conjunction with a mechanical path limitation between the shift sleeve body 4 and the synchronizer ring 10 ), are the single pens 14 of the spring module 13 in the switching state in the 3 folded over a dead center, so that they now secure the switching state springy. The mechanical travel limitation between the shift sleeve body 4 and the synchronizer ring 10 ensures that in the open end position of the shift sleeve body 4 the friction section 12 to the counterpart section 18 is safely spaced, so that the friction losses are minimized in the open state.

In a return transfer from the switching state in the release state of the dead center and thus a spring force of the spring module 13 be overcome.

In the 4 is the switching device 1 shown in a three-dimensional representation, wherein the support body 2 and the coupling body 3 form a freewheel device 19. The freewheel device 19 is by a gearing 20 of the shift sleeve body 4 and a counter-toothing 21 of the coupling body 3 educated. The gearing 20 is aligned in the axial direction and formed circumferentially. In the same way is the counter-toothing 21 aligned in the axial direction and formed circumferentially. shift gearing 20 as well as counter teeth 21 are formed together that these in a rotational direction about the main axis H is free-running and locked in the opposite direction. This is achieved by sawtooth sections 22a in the switching toothing as well as by sawtooth sections 22b, which each have a wall 23a , b and have a sawtooth 24 a, b, which are on the wall 23a , b. In the reverse direction, the wall portions 23 a, b are blocking in the direction of rotation together, in the opposite direction, the sawtooth profiles 24 a, b slide on each other, so that a freewheel is implemented.

The 5 shows the switching device 1 in a schematic longitudinal section along the main axis H , It can be seen that the locking toothed section 11 of the synchronizer ring 10 and the internal teeth 7 of the shift sleeve body 4 with the distance d is sufficiently spaced that the synchronizer ring 10 has sufficient time to turn into the locked position until the internal teeth 7 of the shift sleeve body 4 on the Sperrverzahnungsabschnitt 11 meets.

Is in the switching state of the coupling body 3 relative to the support body 2 and / or the first shaft is rotated relative to the second shaft in the freewheeling direction, the sawtooth profiles run 24a , B from each other, so that an axial distance between the coupling body 3 and the shift sleeve body 4 is enlarged.

By increasing the axial distance becomes the dead center of the spring module 13 . especially the single feathers 14 , exceeded, so the spring module 13 or the individual feathers 14 fold over and the switching device 1 enters the release state. In the release state, the coupling body 3 and the support body 2 or rotate the first and second shaft freely and / or independently.

For a re-activation of the switching device 1 in the switching state with a locked direction of rotation, the switching device 1 be actively operated again, so that the shift sleeve body 4 is again displaced in the axial direction, as previously described.

Preferably, the synchronizer ring 10 with a friction section 12 as well as a counter friction section 18 on the coupling body 3 designed as a synchronous sensor (with only low friction torque), which can be dimensioned much smaller, the synchronization between the first and the second shaft or between the support body 2 and the coupling body 3 is done by an active speed adjustment of a driving motor. This means that most of the synchronization work is done by the motor and not by the sync sensor. The advantage of a synchronous sensor is the lower frictional losses when attempting to move the switching device into the switching state even before reaching a synchronous rotational movement.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

switching device

2

supporting body

3

clutch body

4

Shift sleeve body

5

external teeth

6

empty

7

internal gearing

8th

groove

9

synchronizer

10

synchronizer ring

11

Ratchet portion

12

friction portion

13

spring module

14

Single spring

15

first recording groove

16

second receiving groove

17

web section

18

Gegenreibabschnitt

19

Freewheel device

20

shift gearing

21

counter teeth

22

serrations

23a, b

wall sections

24a, b

sawtooth

H

main axis

d

distance

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102014215418 A1 [0003]
• DE 1212358 B [0004]
• US 1752937 A [0004]
• DE 2250533 A1 [0005]

Claims (10)

Switching device (1) for a transmission, with a support body (2), wherein the support body (2) can be arranged on a first component, with a shift sleeve body (4), wherein the shift sleeve body (4) on the support body (2) in an axial Direction is slidably disposed with a coupling body (3), wherein the coupling body (3) can be arranged on a second component, wherein the switching device (1) can assume a release state and a switching state as operating states, wherein in the release state of the shift sleeve body (4) and the coupling body (3) are disengaged, and wherein in the switching state, the shift sleeve body (4) is engaged with the clutch body (3) with synchronizing means for synchronizing the rotational speeds of the shift sleeve body (4) and the clutch body (3) at the transition from the release state in the switching state, with a freewheel device (19), wherein the freewheel device (19) is formed in the Sc haltzustand allow a freewheel in a first direction of rotation and lock in a reverse direction, characterized in that the freewheel device (19) by a switching toothing (20) on the shift sleeve body (4) and a counter toothing (21) on the coupling body (3) is. Switching device (1) after Claim 1 , characterized in that the switching toothing (20) is designed as a sawtooth profile. Switching device (1) after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the supporting body (2) an external toothing (5) and the sliding sleeve body (4) has an internal toothing (7), wherein the external toothing (5) and the internal toothing (7) engage, allow axial displacement and twisting in Prevent the direction of rotation. Switching device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the synchronization means comprises a synchronizer ring (10) with a locking toothed portion (11) and with a friction portion (12). Switching device (1) after Claim 4 , characterized in that the coupling body (3) has a Gegenreibabschnitt (18). Switching device (1) after Claim 4 or 5 characterized in that said synchronizing means comprises a spring module (13), said spring module (13) acting between said shift sleeve body (4) and said synchronizer ring (10) and having a synchronizing force from said shift sleeve body (4) via said spring module (13) the synchronizer ring (10) is transmitted. Switching device (1) after Claim 6 , characterized in that in the release state, the spring module (13) the shift sleeve body (4) against the synchronizer ring (10) elastically spaced, so that upon movement of the shift sleeve body 4 in the switching state, the friction surface portion 12 is pressed against the Gegenreibabschnitt 18 and / or in the switching state, the spring module (13) biases the shift sleeve body (4) against movement into the release state. Switching device (1) after Claim 6 or 7 , characterized in that the spring module (13) as a Totpunktfedermodul and / or the operating conditions are formed bistable. Switching device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an actuation of the freewheel device (19) leads to a switching of the switching device (1) from the switching state to the release state. Transmission for a vehicle, characterized by a switching device (1) according to one of the preceding claims.

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