DE102017118654B4 - Ironing arrangement, forming device with a Abstreckwerkzeuganordnung and method for forming a cup-shaped output part - Google Patents

Abstract

Ironing tool arrangement (20, 20a, 20b)
an adjustable ironing tool (21) having a plurality of tool parts (22) each having an ironing edge (31) and disposed adjacent a ironing pass (30), at least one tool part (22) being a movable tool part (23). wherein the at least one movable tool part (23) is movably mounted such that the distance between the at least one movable tool part (23) and a working axis (A) extending through the ironing pass (30) is variable to the ironing tool ( 21) in at least one working position (II) and bring in at least one rest position (I),
wherein the distance between the at least one movable tool part (23) and the working axis (A) in the at least one working position (II) of the ironing tool (21) is a working distance (d),
and wherein the distance between the at least one movable tool part (23) and the working axis (A) in the at least one rest position (I) of the ironing tool (21) is a clearance distance (c) greater than the working distance (d) in FIG at least one job (II).

Description

The invention relates to a Abstreckwerkzeuganordnung, a forming device with a Abstreckwerkzeuganordnung and a method for forming a cup-shaped output part by Abstreckgleitziehen in the production of a hollow body. Such cup-shaped output parts and hollow bodies formed therefrom have a peripheral wall closed in a circumferential direction, are closed at one axial end (for example, by a bottom) and open at the other axial end. Both the cup-shaped output part, as well as the hollow body are each integrally made of a single contiguous material and have no seam or joints.

The cold forming of starting parts, such as sinkers or cup-shaped starting parts in order to produce a hollow body, is known in the production of spray cans or beverage cans. The output member is pulled by the movement of a plunger, on which a plunger tool is arranged, through an ironing channel with one or more ironing rings and thereby formed between the plunger tool and the respective ironing ring. After forming, the deformed output part is stripped off the plunger.

Alternatively to Abstreckgleitziehen other methods for cold forming are known. DE 696 14 559 T2 describes a method for hydroforming. An output part is inserted into a split mold whose mold cavity corresponds to the hollow body shape to be produced. Subsequently, the cup-shaped output part is acted upon in the closed mold with an internal pressure which is sufficiently large that deforms the output part and applies to the inner wall of the mold cavity. In this case, the hollow body receives the desired shape. After opening the mold, the hollow body can be removed.

Out DE 10 2012 111 388 A1 is a Abstreckwerkzeuganordnung for producing can bodies known. The ironing arrangement has a protective device for the ironing punch with elements distributed around the working axis. They serve, if necessary, to support the ironing punch during its return stroke, in order to avoid contact of the ironing punch with an ironing ring.

DD 261 533 A1 describes a method and apparatus for ball rolling with an adjustable press nip. The cup-shaped output part is clamped at its bottom. A punch tool, which is introduced into the starting part, has an outer shape which corresponds to the inner shape of the hollow body to be produced. As a pressing tool is a ball which is pressed against the outside part against the output part and rolls there to press the output part against the outer surface of the engaging in the output part punch tool and reshape. A hollow cylindrical counter-holder encloses the punch tool and has a curved counter-surface, which corresponds approximately to the curvature of the spinning ball. The material deformation takes place in a gap between the spinning ball and the counter-holder surface such that the wall of the output part gradually applies to the punch tool, while the spinning ball and the counter-holder are moved axially.

When Abstreckgleiederiehen of hollow bodies for use as a can of the formed container after Abstreckgleitziehen stripped from the plunger tool. When producing hollow bodies as a battery cup for a battery housing by Abstreckgleitziehen the output part is not completely stretched, but only partially moved by the ironing tool. By means of a gas spring or another drive, the partially reshaped container is then moved back toward the starting position while the plunger performs a return stroke. Such forming devices require a large stroke. This is usually about 2.5 times the desired height of the hollow body. From the practice known presses or forming devices use a gas spring on which the output part or the deformed hollow body is supported, whereby a very large height of the press (so-called "press window") is formed, which is about 8.5 times the height of the having converted hollow body. With increasing required height of the produced hollow body, thereby increasing the total height of the press. If the hollow body is required, for example, as a housing for a battery, the height of the formed hollow body is up to 25 cm or larger, which requires a press window of at least 200 cm.

It is the object of the present invention to provide a technical solution that improves the Abstreckgleitziehen of starting parts and in particular allows a lower overall height of the forming and ensures a sufficiently large output (formed parts per minute).

This object is achieved in that a Abstreckwerkzeuganordnung is provided with an adjustable ironing tool according to claim 1. With such a ironing arrangement, a forming device according to the invention can be equipped according to claim 10. An inventive Forming process is specified in claim 17.

An output part is preferably gradually struck and formed into a hollow body. For example, the output part can first be formed in a first stage by Abstreckgleitziehen in a stretched output part and the stretched output part then be converted by Abstreckgleitziehen in the hollow body. For the purposes of this application, the term "container" means the output part and / or the stretched output part and / or the hollow body. The term "container" thus represents a generic term for all non, partially or completely formed parts.

This ironing arrangement has several tool parts. The tool parts are arranged adjacent to a ironing passage and adapted to allow together with a stamping tool, the forming of an output part.

Each tool part has at least one ironing edge. The ironing edge is the surface portion of a tool part adapted for forming a workpiece during ironing pull. The ironing edge is preferably curved in the cross section of the tool part and may have one or more radii of curvature.

At least one of the tool parts and preferably at least two or all tool parts are movably mounted. The at least one movable tool part is mounted in such a way that the distance between this tool part or its ironing edge and a work axis extending through the ironing pass is variable. The working axis is the axis along which a ram or ram tool is passed through the ironing pass for ironing pull. The movable mounting of the at least one movable tool part is designed such that the movable tool part can move between at least one working position and at least one rest position. This movement of the at least one movable tool part can be actively carried out, at least in one or both directions of movement, by a tool setting device with one or more machine axes. Additionally or alternatively, the at least one movable tool part by a biasing means, such as a spring assembly, and / or its weight in a preferred position, for example, a working position, urged and moved by means of the tool setting or otherwise only in a direction of movement from the preferred position out become.

In one embodiment, it is also advantageous if a tool setting device with one or more machine axes is dispensed with and the at least one movable tool part can be moved by the movement of the container (output part, elongated output part or hollow body) to move the ironing tool between a working position and a To change the rest position. For example, the at least one movable tool part can be mounted such that, upon movement of a container from an entry mouth of the ironing passage towards an exit orifice of the ironing passage, it assumes a position in which the reshaping of the container is effected (working position of the ironing tool). In an opposite movement of the container from the exit orifice toward the entrance of the Abstreckdurchgangs the at least one movable tool part is forced away from the working axis and allows the passage of the container through the Abstreckdurchgang without this transform (rest position of Abstreckwerkzeugs).

Preferably, a tool adjustment device is provided and adapted to move the at least one movable tool part. Due to the movement of the at least one movable tool part, the ironing tool can be switched over between at least one rest position on the one hand and at least one working position on the other hand.

In the at least one working position, the at least one movable tool part has a distance from the working axis, which corresponds to a working distance. In the at least one rest position, the respective movable tool part has a distance to the working axis, which corresponds to a release distance. The length of the clearance distance is greater than the length of the working distance. In particular, the working axis passes through the geometric center of the ironing passage when the ironing tool is in the at least one working position. The distance between a tool part and the working axis is considered in each case radially to the working axis at the point where it is minimal.

The tool parts of the ironing tool form in the at least one working position a Abstreckdurchgang completely closed around the working axis. In the rest position, this ironing pass may be open at one or more locations, creating a gap between two adjacent tool parts. This is not relevant in the rest position, since the ironing tool is not used in the rest position for forming.

In other words, by switching the ironing tool between the at least one working position and the at least one rest position, a cross section of the ironing passage, viewed at right angles to the working axis, can be varied. This makes it possible to move an output part in one direction through the ironing pass through and thereby reshape by Abstreckgleitziehen when the ironing tool is in the at least one working position. Before and / or subsequently, the ironing tool can be brought into the rest position and provide a larger cross section of the ironing passage. By this enlarged cross-section, the output part or the stretched output part can be moved or moved back through the Abstreckdurchgang.

The movement of a container through the ironing passage can be carried out in both directions along the working axis by the same plunger of a press. Another device for moving the deformed output member back through the ironing pass may be omitted. In addition, the adjustable ironing tool allows complete passage of the initial part through the ironing pass during ironing as well as prior and / or subsequent movement of the initial part through the ironing pass without deforming or damaging it on its outer surface by the return stroke as the ironing tool is located in the at least one rest position.

The cross section of the ironing passage can vary as desired depending on the forming task and have a contour at right angles to the working axis, which can be at least partially curved and / or polygonal.

It is preferred if at least one of the movable tool parts is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation. Depending on the rotational position about the axis of rotation while the minimum distance of the tool part can be varied from the working axis. In particular, the axis of rotation can be arranged eccentrically. By this eccentricity, the distance of the tool part to the working axis changes with a rotation of the tool part about the axis of rotation.

In one embodiment, the ironing tool for each side of the reshaped starting part having a rotatably mounted tool part and, for example, four rotatably mounted tool parts. If the ironing pass is delimited, for example, by four linearly extending tool parts, this can transform a rectangular cross-section into an initial part. The rotatably mounted tool parts can each be arranged in pairs on opposite sides with respect to the working axis.

In one embodiment, the at least one movable tool part may be linearly movably or pivotally mounted in a plane which is oriented perpendicular to the working axis.

In one embodiment, the ironing edge of the at least one movable tool part may extend linearly along the tool part and at least in the working position adjacent to the ironing pass and may be aligned at right angles to the working axis.

In the case of polygonal cross-sectional shapes of the ironing pass, it may be advantageous if a corner tool part is arranged in one or all corner areas as a transition between two linearly extending tool parts. The ironing edge of such a corner tool part can be curved and / or bent at right angles to the working axis in a plane.

In embodiments in which the ironing tool has more than one working position, a working position of the ironing tool may be a forming position and another working position of the ironing tool may be a calibration position. If the ironing tool has only one working position, this can be either a forming position or a calibration position.

The term "calibration" is a forming process by Abstreckgleitziehen to understand, in which the degree of deformation is small. For example, the material is ironed by about 1% or in a range of 0.5% to 1.5% or 2%, the percentage indicating the reduction in wall thickness and / or the increase in length of the height of the container during the ironing stroke. In this case, strained region of the ironed starting part are plastically deformed and internal stresses are reduced. By calibrating the hollow body receives a dimensioning (internal dimensions, external dimensions, wall thickness), which corresponds to the specified values, including the tolerances allowed. The degree of deformation in calibration is in particular smaller than in a previous forming of the original starting part by Abstreckgleitziehen in the stretched output part.

A forming apparatus according to the present invention comprises at least one forming station having a previously described ironing assembly. In addition, each forming station has one by a ram drive along the working axis movable plunger carrying a plunger tool. To the forming device also includes a transport device for transporting the output part in one of the existing forming stations or for transporting a manufactured hollow body from one of the existing forming stations out.

The Abstreckdurchgang may have an entrance mouth and on the opposite side an exit port. During the ironing operation, the output member is moved by movement of the plunger into the entry port of the ironing pass, fully through the ironing pass, and out the exit orifice of the ironing pass.

It is preferred if the transport device is adapted to transport the output part and / or the hollow body in a transport plane at right angles to the working axis. The transport plane is preferably located on the side where the ironing pass has its exit orifice. The transport of the starting part and the deformed hollow body can take place in a common transport plane.

In one embodiment of the forming device, a first forming station with a first ironing tool arrangement and a second forming station with a second ironing tool arrangement is provided. The first ironing tool assembly has a first ironing tool, which is switchable between a forming position and a rest position. The second ironing tool assembly has a second ironing tool, which is switchable between a calibration position and a rest position. In this embodiment, the output part can be formed in the first forming station in a abgestrecktes output part and transported via the transport device in the second forming station. In the second forming station, the ironed starting part is calibrated. The degree of deformation in the second forming station is less than the degree of deformation in the first forming station.

Alternatively, the forming device may also have only a single forming station. The ironing tool can be switched in this embodiment between three positions: a forming position (first working position), a calibration position (second working position) and a rest position.

In all exemplary embodiments, the shaping device is in each case designed such that, in the rest position of the at least one ironing tool, the ironed elongated body or the deformed hollow body is moved back through the ironing passage - ie into the outlet mouth, through the ironing passage and out of the inlet mouth , without causing a transformation takes place. In the respective working position and / or calibration position of the respective ironing tool, the reshaping or calibration of the output part in the stretched output part or the abgestreckten output part can be carried out in the hollow body, including the output part or the stretched output part in the input mouth of Abstreckdurchgangs, through the Ironing passage through and out of the exit mouth of Abstreckdurchgangs is moved out. In this case, the output part or the stretched output part takes place by Abstreckgleitziehen between the plunger tool and the respective ironing tool.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the converter according to the invention will be explained.

First, the output part is transported to a forming station. The ironing tool of this forming station is brought into a rest position or is in the rest position. The plunger tool is inserted through the ironing pass and then into the output member so that the output member is clampingly seated on the plunger tool. Subsequently, the seated on the plunger tool output member is moved through the Abstreckdurchgang through. In the rest position, a release distance between the at least one movable tool part and the working axis is set. The release distance is sufficiently large that the output part is not deformed during its movement through the ironing passage and preferably not or only partially rests on the ironing tool. At least a game between the output part and the at least one movable tool part is present in the rest position.

After passing the initial part through the ironing pass, the ironing tool is switched to a working position. In the working position, the at least one movable tool part has a working distance from the working axis, which is smaller than the clearance distance. Thereafter, the output member is moved into the entry port of the ironing pass, completely through the ironing pass and out of the exit port of the ironing pass, thereby ironing out the billet tool and the ironing tool into an ironed exit member.

When the ironed starting part is calibrated in the same forming station by another ironing draw, the ironing tool is again brought to its rest position, the widened output part moved through the Abstreckdurchgang and then brought the ironing tool in the calibration position. By a movement of the plunger tool into the inlet mouth, through the ironing pass and out of the exit orifice, the ironed starting part is calibrated by ironing and reformed into a hollow body. Subsequently, the hollow body is stripped off the ram tool and transported by the transport device from the forming station.

In a method with two forming stations, the ironed starting part is stripped off after the first ironing stroke by the ram tool and transported to the second forming station. There, the ironing tool is in the rest position or is brought into the rest position and the plunger tool is moved through the Abstreckdurchgang through into the stretchered output part, so that the stretched output member sits clamped on the plunger tool. Subsequently, the ram mechanism is moved back together with the stretched output member through the ironing passage. After the ironed exit portion has exited the ironing pass, the ironing tool of this forming station is placed in the calibration position and the ironed exit portion is calibrated by passing it through the ironing pass by means of ironing draw. Subsequently, the hollow body thus produced is stripped off the plunger tool and moved out of the second forming station by the transport device.

• 1 eine schematische, blockschaltbildähnliche Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer Umformvorrichtung mit zwei Umformstationen,
• 2 eine schematische, blockschaltbildähnliche Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer Umformvorrichtung mit einer einzigen Umformstation,
• 3-10 das Ausführungsbeispiel der Umformvorrichtung gemäß 2 in unterschiedlichen Phasen bzw. Zuständen während des Umformens eines Ausgangsteils zu einem Hohlkörper,
• 11 und 12 jeweils eine schematische Prinzipdarstellung eines einstellbaren Abstreckwerkzeugs mit zwei bewegbaren Werkzeugteilen in unterschiedlichen Stellungen,
• 13 ein weiteres Ausführungsbeispiel eines Abstreckwerkzeugs in einer perspektivischen Prinzipdarstellung,
• 14 eine perspektivischen Ansicht eines weiteren Ausführungsbeispiels eines Abstreckwerkzeugs mit mehreren bewegbaren Werkzeugteilen, die jeweils um eine Drehachse drehbar gelagert sind,
• 15 eine schematische Seitenansicht eines drehbar gelagerten Werkzeugteils des Abstreckwerkzeugs aus 14,
• 16-18 jeweils ein Paar von sich gegenüberliegenden drehbar gelagerten Werkzeugteilen des Abstreckwerkzeugs aus 14 in unterschiedlichen Stellungen bzw. Drehlagen um ihre jeweilige Drehachse,
• 19-22 Ausführungsbeispiele eines Abstreckwerkzeugs in schematischer Ansicht entlang der Arbeitsachse,
• 23-25 das Abstreckwerkzeug aus 13 in unterschiedlichen Einstellungen jeweils in einer Arbeitsstellung für unterschiedlich große Behälter,
• 26 und 27 jeweils ein Paar von sich gegenüberliegenden drehbar gelagerten Werkzeugteilen eines Ausführungsbeispiels eines Abstreckwerkzeugs in unterschiedlichen Stellungen bzw. Drehlagen um ihre jeweilige Drehachse,
• 28-30 jeweils eine schematische, blockschaltbildähnliche Darstellung eines Ausführungsbeispiels einer Umformvorrichtung gemäß dem Stand der Technik in unterschiedlichen Zuständen,
• 31 den Zeitablauf der Stößelbewegung beim der Umformvorrichtung nach den 28-30,
• 32 den Zeitablauf der Stößelbewegung bei einer erfindungsgemäßen Umformvorrichtung gemäß 1 und
• 33 den Zeitablauf der Stößelbewegung bei einer erfindungsgemäße Umformvorrichtung gemäß 2.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the description and the drawings. Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the invention will be explained in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

• 1 2 shows a schematic, block diagram-like representation of an embodiment of a forming device with two forming stations,
• 2 1 is a schematic block diagram similar representation of an embodiment of a forming device with a single forming station,
• 3-10 the embodiment of the forming according to 2 in different phases or states during the forming of an initial part into a hollow body,
• 11 and 12 in each case a schematic basic representation of an adjustable ironing tool with two movable tool parts in different positions,
• 13 a further embodiment of a ironing tool in a perspective schematic representation,
• 14 3 is a perspective view of a further embodiment of a ironing tool with a plurality of movable tool parts, each of which is rotatably mounted about an axis of rotation,
• 15 a schematic side view of a rotatably mounted tool part of the ironing tool 14 .
• 16-18 in each case a pair of oppositely rotatably mounted tool parts of the ironing tool 14 in different positions or rotational positions about their respective axis of rotation,
• 19-22 Embodiments of a ironing tool in a schematic view along the working axis,
• 23-25 the ironing tool off 13 in different settings, each in a working position for containers of different sizes,
• 26 and 27 a pair of oppositely rotatably mounted tool parts of an embodiment of a ironing tool in different positions or rotational positions about their respective axis of rotation,
• 28-30 in each case a schematic block diagram similar representation of an embodiment of a forming device according to the prior art in different states,
• 31 the timing of the plunger movement in the forming device after the 28-30 .
• 32 the timing of the plunger movement in accordance with a forming device according to the invention 1 and
• 33 the timing of the plunger movement in accordance with a forming device according to the invention 2 ,

2 illustrates an embodiment of a forming device 10 with a single forming station 11 , In another embodiment of the invention of the forming according to 1 is a first forming station 11a and a second forming station 11b available. Every forming station 11 is adapted to transform a cup-shaped container by Abstreckgleitziehen. By Abstreckgleitziehen is from a cup-shaped output part 12 a hollow body 13 manufactured. In the case described here preferred embodiment, the forming is carried out by two successive forming steps each by Abstreckgleitziehen. In the first forming step, the cup-shaped output part 12 to a stretched output part 14 reshaped. In a second forming step, the ironed starting part becomes 14 calibrated and to the hollow body 13 reshaped. Here, calibration is to be understood as forming by ironing that has a lower degree of deformation than the preceding forming step in which the starting part 12 into the ironed starting part 14 is transformed. Due to this lower degree of deformation can dimensions that for the hollow body 13 are specified, are met more precisely, in particular wall thicknesses, external dimensions and internal dimensions of the hollow body 13 ,

The starting part 12 is cup-shaped or cup-shaped. It has a peripheral wall which is closed on one axial side by a bottom and open on the other axial side. Seen in plan view or in cross section, the output part 12 a substantially rectangular shape, wherein the corner regions may be rounded with a radius. The starting part 12 may also have other polygonal cross-sectional shapes. The starting part 12 consists of an integral body that has no seam or joint. The starting part 12 is therefore one piece. In particular, the output part consists 12 of a metallic material, for example a metallic alloy, such as an aluminum alloy. Optionally, the output part 12 coated or painted on the inside and / or the outside. The basic cross-sectional shape of the hollow body 13 (rectangular, polygonal, etc.) is retained by cold working. The outer dimension and the wall thickness of the peripheral wall are between the output part 12 and the produced hollow body 13 different. The wall thickness of the peripheral wall of the hollow body 13 is less than that of the starting part 12 and the height of the peripheral wall of the hollow body 13 between the bottom and the open side is larger than that of the starting part 12 ,

Every forming station 11 has a parallel to a working axis A by means of a respective ram drive 15 movable plunger 16 , The pestle 16 carries a ram tool 17 , which is during the lifting movement of the ram 16 along the working axis A emotional. A Cartesian coordinate system of the forming device 10 has a first spatial direction x , a right angle to the first spatial direction x aligned second spatial direction y ( 13 and 14 ) and one to the first spatial direction x and the second spatial direction y right-angled aligned third spatial direction z , The working axis A is in the direction of the third spatial direction z oriented.

Every forming station 11 also has a ironing tool arrangement 20 , In the embodiment of the forming device 10 to 1 where there are two forming stations, has the first forming station 11a a first ironing tool assembly 20a and the second forming station 11b a second ironing tool assembly 20b , To every ironing tool arrangement 20 includes an adjustable ironing tool 21 with several tool parts 22 wherein the first ironing tool assembly 20a a first ironing tool 21a and the second ironing tool assembly 20b a second ironing tool 21b having. At least one of the tool parts 22 is as a movable tool part 23 executed. The movable tool part 23 can be moved such that a distance to the working axis A is changeable or adjustable. Every ironing tool 21 Optionally, at least one opposite the working axis A immovably arranged tool part 22 have that as a fixed tool part 24 referred to as ( 13 ). In other embodiments, the ironing tool 21 only movable tool parts 23 on ( 11 . 12 and 14 ).

For moving the at least one movable tool part 23 of the adjustable ironing tool 21 has the ironing tool assembly 20 in the illustrated embodiment, a tool setting 25 on. The tool setting device 25 can have one or more individually controllable drives or machine axes and has, for example, at least one linear and / or at least one rotary machine axis. By means of the tool setting device 25 can the moving tool parts 23 of the ironing tool 21 in different positions relative to the working axis A to be brought.

In another embodiment, the tool adjuster 25 no own drive, but uses the ram drive 15 , The tool setting device 25 For this purpose, for example, can have a coupling and / or gear arrangement, which comprises the at least one movable tool part 23 and the ram drive 15 coupled together, so that the at least one movable tool part 23 depending on the direction of movement of the plunger along the working axis A to the working axis A to or from the working axis A can be moved away.

The forming device 10 also has a transport device 26 , By means of the transport device 26 becomes the starting part 12 in a forming station 11 (the only forming station 11 or the first forming station 11a) transported and the hollow body produced 13 from a forming station 11 (the only forming station 11 or the second forming station 11b) transported. Are two forming stations 11a . 11b is present, by means of the transport device 12 in addition, the ironed-out starting part 14 from the first forming station 11a to the second forming station 11b transported. According to the example, the transport device transports 26 all containers 12 . 13 . 14 in the same transport plane perpendicular to the at least one working axis A the at least one forming station 11 , The transport device 26 has at least one transport drive 27 on, the at least one means of transport 28 , such as a conveyor belt or the like, drives around the containers 12 . 13 . 14 to pick up and transport.

In the 11-14 schematically are exemplary embodiments of an adjustable ironing tool 21 illustrated. The tool parts 22 are adjacent to a ironing pass 30 arranged by the working axis A hindurchverläuft. The ironing pass 30 has a right angle to the working axis A a cross-section, which is determined by the distance of the tool part 22 from the working axis A is determined. By moving the movable tool parts 23 can the distance of a movable tool part 23 from the working axis A change, so that also the cross section of the ironing pass 30 changed.

By moving the movable tool parts 23 Can the adjustable ironing tool 21 between at least one rest position I and at least one job II be switched. At rest I has the movable tool part 23 a distance to the working axis A that a clearance distance c represents. By switching the ironing tool 21 in the at least one job II this distance becomes the working axis A reduced and in the working position II has the movable tool part 23 a working distance d to the working axis A , The distance between a movable tool part 23 and the working axis A each becomes radial to the working axis A considered at the point where it is minimal. The change of the distance is schematic in the 11 and 12 and for the embodiment of the ironing tool 21 out 14 in the 16-18 illustrated.

Every tool part 22 has an ironing edge 31 , At least in the working position II is the respective ironing edge 31 the working axis A facing. In a working position is the working distance d , ie the minimum distance to the working axis A , at one point of the ironing edge 31 available. The ironing edge 31 is through a surface portion of the tool part 22 formed, the material flow or the forming together with the plunger tool 17 causes when the output part 12 or the ironed output part 14 through the ironing pass 30 is moved through and the ironing tool 21 in the working position II located. The ironing edge 31 has in the embodiments shown here in cross section through the respective tool part 22 considers a convex curvature, with the cross-sectional plane parallel to the working axis A extends. This curvature can have one or more radii of curvature. The curved ironing edges 31 are eg in the 13 and especially in the 15-18 to recognize. All embodiments of the ironing tools 21 have such convexly curved ironing edges 31 ,

The embodiment of the ironing tool 21 according to the 11-12 consists of two movable tool parts 23 who are in the working position II a closed ironing pass 30 limit. At two diagonally opposite corner regions of the rectangular Abstreckdurchgangs are the two movable tool parts 23 to each other. By moving and / or pivoting the movable tool parts 23 in a plane perpendicular to the working axis A , the cross section of the ironing pass 30 be enlarged to the ironing tool 21 in the rest position I bring to ( 12 ). There is for comparison the cross section of the ironing passage 30 in the working position II illustrated by dashed lines. At rest I is the ironing pass 30 around the working axis A no longer completely closed around, but at the points where the two movable tool parts 23 in the working position II abut each other, the Abstreckdurchgang is open, so to speak. Because in the rest position I of the ironing tool 21 no forming work is done, these gaps are not critical.

It is understood that also more or less movable tool parts 23 can be present. To change the cross section of the ironing pass 30 However, at least one movable tool part 23 required.

In a further embodiment, the in 13 is illustrated, has the ironing tool 21 eight movable tool parts 23 , The at the longitudinal and transverse sides of the Abstreckdurchgangs 30 arranged movable tool parts 23 lie in pairs on opposite sides of the working axis A opposite and can as side tool parts 24 be designated. Their respective ironing edges 31 are facing each other - at least in the working position II of the ironing tool 21 , The distance between the opposite ironing edges 31 can through the tool setting 25 be varied. For this purpose, the movable tool parts 23 Page tool parts 24 for example, at right angles to working axis A be moved linearly. Alternatively, it would also be possible to have the movable side tool parts 24 to pan. In each case, the distance of a Abstreckkante 31 to the working axis A varies so that the minimum distance in the rest position I the clearance distance c and in the working position II the working distance d equivalent.

As it is in 13 illustrates the clearance distances c and the working distances d different side tool parts 24 different amounts. The difference between a clearance distance c and a working distance d all movable tool parts 23 a ironing tool 21 can be the same size. For example, the difference between the clearance distance c and the working distance d the at least one movable tool part 23 at least 1 mm to a maximum of 10 mm.

In an embodiment according to 13 are in addition to the four side tool parts 24 each one longitudinal or transverse side of the ironing pass 30 limit, corner tool parts 32 present, which are also each example formed by a movable tool part. Two immediately adjacent and mutually perpendicular side tool parts 24 are each about another tool part 22 namely one of the corner tool parts 32 , connected such that the ironing pass 30 in the circumferential direction around the working axis A is completely closed and has no gaps where no ironing edge 31 is available. For this purpose, the corner tool parts 32 each overlapping with the two adjoining side tool parts 24 arranged.

The embodiment of 13 is in a schematic view along the working axis A in the 23-25 illustrated. As can be seen, is in the working position I each end of a side tool part 24 in an overlap area B each with an adjacent corner tool part 32 arranged overlapping. Depending on the length of the overlapping area B in the first spatial direction x or in the second spatial direction y , The dimension or the cross section of Abstreckdurchgangs 30 be adjusted. This makes it possible with the help of the adjustable ironing tool 21 different sized output parts 12 To transform or different sized hollow body 13 manufacture. For example, the overlap areas B in the second spatial direction y in the two settings according to 23 and 24 the same size while the overlapping areas B in the first spatial direction x in the setting of the ironing tool 21 according to 24 less than in the setting according to 23 , In the setting of the ironing tool 21 according to 25 are compared to the setting according to 23 both the overlapping areas in the first spatial direction x , as well as the overlapping areas in the second spatial direction y smaller. At rest II can the overlap areas B be correspondingly smaller than in the working position I , be equal to zero or there may be gaps between the page tools 24 and the respective adjacent corner tools 32 to be available.

In the 19-22 are alternative embodiments to those in the 13 and 23-25 illustrated embodiment schematically along the working axis A shown. The embodiments according to the 19-22 each have only four movable tool parts 23 on that the ironing pass 30 limit. In the embodiment according to the 19 and 20 For example, each movable tool part is angled or curved in a corner region and extends with one leg along a section of a longitudinal side (for example, the first spatial direction x ) and a lateral side (eg second spatial direction y ). The legs of the adjacent movable tool parts 23 at least in the working position I to each other ( 19 ). In the rest position, the movable tool parts 23 in a plane perpendicular to the working axis A be moved away from each other so that gaps between the tool parts and the cross section of the ironing pass 30 is enlarged.

The 21 and 22 show a further modified embodiment of the adjustable ironing tool 21 with four movable tool parts 23 that the ironing pass 30 limit. Every movable tool part 23 extends either in the first spatial direction x or in the second spatial direction y along a longitudinal or transverse side of the ironing pass 30 , At the opposite ends in the extension direction of each movable tool part 23 a contact surface 34 , where the contact surfaces 34 two immediately adjacent tool parts 23 that run at right angles to each other, at least in the working position I abut each other. The contact surfaces 34 preferably extend in a plane opposite to the first spatial direction x and the second spatial direction y is inclined, preferably inclined by 45 degrees. Here are the contact surfaces 34 in diagonal with respect to the working axis A For example, opposite corner areas aligned parallel to each other. The two levels, which are the contact surfaces of a single movable tool part 23 extend, have a cutting axis that is parallel to the working axis A extends. As it is based on the 21 and 22 is illustrated, the contact surfaces are indeed immediately adjacent movable tool parts 23 preferred only in the working position I to each other and enclose the Abstreckdurchgang 30 in the circumferential direction around the working axis A Completed ( 21 ) while at rest II a distance between the immediately adjacent contact surfaces 34 is available ( 22 ).

The ironing tool 21 with eight movable parts has the advantage that the two legs of the corner tool parts 32 in proportion to the dimension of a longitudinal side and a transverse side of the ironing passage 30 can be relatively short and are each shorter than 50% of the adjacent longitudinal side or transverse side of Abstreckdurchgangs 30 , The corner tool parts 32 have a high stability and tend not to break due to notch stresses occurring. In addition, the overlap areas are created B in the direction of the working axis A does not consider edges at which the struck exit part 14 or on the hollow body 13 could make an edge or a degree. A ironing tool 21 with eight movable tool parts 23 (four side tool parts 24 and four corner tool parts 32 ) has a long service life.

In all embodiments of the ironing tool are all tool parts 22 as movable tool parts 23 executed and can, for example, each have a machine axis of the tool setting 25 be movable. At least some or all of the movable tool parts may also be driven by a common drive of the tool adjuster 25 or the ram drive 15 be coupled. In a modification, only a part of the movable tool parts 23 be controlled via one machine axis, for example, the side tool parts 24 , The other movable tool parts 23 , For example, the corner tool parts 32 , can with the connected to a machine axis movable tool parts 23 (eg the side tool parts 24 ) be movably coupled, for example guided slidably arranged, so that at a displacement of the separately controlled movable tool parts 23 (eg the side tool parts 24 ) Also with motion-coupled movable tool parts 23 (eg the corner tool parts 32 ) on the working axis A to or from the working axis A move away. For example, this can be any separately controlled movable tool part 23 a guide groove extending parallel to its extension direction, in which a guide projection - for example, a guide pin - of the motion-coupled tool part 23 (eg the corner tool part 32 ) intervenes. The corner tool parts 32 are thus not directly controlled by a machine axis in such an embodiment, but with each immediately adjacent, directly driven by a machine axis movable tool parts 23 motion-coupled. A corner tool part 32 moves when one of the through the tool setting 25 directly controlled movable side tool parts 24 moved, with which it is motion coupled.

At the in 14 illustrated embodiment of the ironing tool 21 is the ironing pass 30 by two pairs of each with respect to the working axis A opposite movable tool parts 23 limited. Every movable tool part 23 is about a rotation axis D rotatably mounted and can therefore be used as a rotatable tool part 33 be designated. The axes of rotation D one concerning the working axis A opposite pair of rotatable tool parts 33 are aligned parallel to each other. Therefore, in the embodiment, two of the axes of rotation extend D of a pair of rotatable tool parts 33 parallel to the first spatial direction x and two axes of rotation D the other pair of rotatable tool parts 33 parallel to the second spatial direction y , The axes of rotation D are perpendicular to the working axis A aligned. At least the axes of rotation D a common pair or all axes of rotation D are arranged in the embodiment in a common plane.

In 15 is a schematic side view of one of the rotatable tool parts 33 illustrates its axis of rotation D in the second spatial direction y extends. Upon rotation of the rotatable tool part 33 around the axis of rotation D , the at least one ironing edge 31 around the axis of rotation D pivoted. This allows the distance between the ironing edge 31 and the working axis A or the distance between the rotatable tool part 33 and the working axis A be varied and either a clearance distance c or a working distance d be set.

In the in the 14-18 illustrated example, each rotatable tool part 33 two ironing edges 31 respectively. A middle plane M parallel to the axis of rotation D and parallel to the working axis A (third spatial direction z ) between the two ironing edges 31 is arranged, has a distance from the axis of rotation D , The rotation axis D of the rotatable tool part 33 is arranged eccentrically, so to speak. Right-angled to the median plane M saw the one ironing edge 31 a first side distance s1 to the axis of rotation D and the other respective ironing edge 31 a second side clearance s2 to the axis of rotation D , In the embodiment illustrated here, the ironing edges are with respect to the axis of rotation D opposite sides of the movable tool part 23 arranged. You can also on adjacent sides of the rotatable tool part 33 to be available. It is essential that the side distances s1 . s2 to the axis of rotation D are different in size.

The sides of the movable tool part 23 , on which there is no ironing edge 31 has a third side clearance s3 to the axis of rotation D which is smaller than the first page distance s1 as well as the second side distance s2 , Depending on the rotational position of the movable tool part 23 around the axis of rotation D , the movable tool part can 23 so that at least three different distances to the working axis A taking.

In the 16-18 each marked an arrow P , which is drawn only for the purpose of illustration, the rotational position of the rotatable tool parts 33 around the axis of rotation D , In 16 take on the working axis A opposite rotatable tool parts 33 a rotational position at which the ironing edges 31 not for ironing 30 or to the working axis A are aligned. By the smaller third side distance s3 the ironing pass 30 facing side of the movable tool part 23 from the axis of rotation D , the clearance gap arises c between the respective rotatable tool part 33 and the working axis A , The ironing tool 21 takes the rest position I on.

In the 17 and 18 is in each case a working position II of the ironing tool 21 shown. The one job II forms a forming position IIu and the other job II forms a calibration position Ilk , In the forming position IIu are the working axis A each of the ironing edges 31 facing the smaller side clearance s1 from the axis of rotation D respectively. In the calibration position Ilk are each the ironing edges 31 the working axis A or the Abstreckdurchgang 30 facing the larger side clearance s2 from the axis of rotation D respectively. This results in the deformation position IIu as working distance d one forming distance each you an ironing edge 31 from the working axis A , In the calibration position Ilk results as a working distance d a calibration distance dk between the respective ironing edge 31 and the working axis A , where the calibration distance dk smaller than the forming distance you ,

In a modified embodiment, the rotatable tool part 33 only one ironing edge 31 have, if the forming distance you and the calibration distance dk are the same size.

Thus, the ironing tool 21 by a rotational movement of rotatable tool parts 33 around a respective axis of rotation D , a linear movement of movable tool parts 23 relative to the working axis A and / or a pivoting movement of movable tool parts 23 relative to the working axis A between at least one rest position I and at least one job II be switched.

A modified embodiment of the embodiment of the ironing tool according to the 14-18 is schematic in the 26 and 27 in the working position ( 26 ) and at rest ( 27 ). The movable tool parts 23 are in this embodiment via a biasing device 35 and / or by its own weight in the working position I urged or moved. For example, the center of gravity of each rotatable tool part 33 be arranged so that the rotatable tool part 33 a rotational position about the axis of rotation D occupies the position of employment I equivalent. In the 26 and 27 schematically is a spring and beispielsgemäß illustrated a coil spring, which is the biasing means 35 forms and the rotatable tool part 33 with a torque around the axis of rotation D acted upon, so that it is without the action of an external force in the working position I located.

The ironing tool 21 can be a stop element or a stop surface on a fixed tool part 36 have in the 26 and 27 is illustrated only highly schematized. During a movement of the output part 12 and / or the ironed starting part 14 through the ironing pass 30 from the entrance mouth 30a towards the exit mouth 30b is the ironing tool 21 in the working position I and there is a Abstreckgleitziehen the output part 12 or the transformed output part 14 ( 26 ). In an opposite movement of the output part 12 or the abgestreckten output part 14 from the exit mouth 30b towards the entrance mouth 30a the ironing pass 30 become the rotatable tool parts 33 not on the stop surface 36 but can be supported around its axis of rotation D rotate, reducing the distance of the ironing edges 31 to the working axis A a respective clearance distance c takes and the ironing tool 21 in the rest position II is switched ( 27 ). In this embodiment, the ironing tool 21 without active drive or without machine axis alone by means of the movement of the output part 12 or the abgestreckten output part 14 between the work position I and the rest position II be switched.

As already mentioned above, it may also be possible to use the ram drive 15 with the movable tool parts 23 or the rotatable tool parts 33 to couple, so that these also without contact with the output part 12 or the ironed output part 14 from the working position I in the rest position II can be moved or vice versa. The pretensioner 35 can at all embodiments of the ironing tool 21 be present to move the tool parts in a preferred position and in particular in a position in which the ironing tool 21 the working position I occupies. An active movement by a drive, a machine axis or an external force is then only required from the preferred position or working position to another position in which the ironing tool the rest position II occupies.

Based on 3-10 is a method for producing a hollow body 13 from an output part 12 based on the embodiment of the forming device 10 to 2 explained.

At the beginning of the process is the ironing tool 21 by means of the tool setting device 25 in the rest position I offset and by means of the transport device 26 an output part 12 supplied ( 3 ). The starting part 12 is moved to a position in extension to the ram tool 17 along the working axis A brought. The ironing pass 30 has in the direction of the working axis A looks at an entrance mouth 30a and an exit port 30b , To Abstreckgleitziehen and forming the starting part 12 or the abgestreckten output part 14 moves the plunger 16 the ram tool 17 with the starting part 12 or the ironed output part 14 into the mouth of the entrance 30a the ironing pass 30 into, through the ironing pass 30 through and completely out of the exit mouth 30b out. The entrance mouth 30a is therefore the ram drive 15 or the plunger 16 facing. The transport level or the transport device 26 is located on the side of the ironing channel 30 , the exit mouth 30b is facing. When the working axis A is oriented vertically, is the transport device 26 or the transport plane below the ironing pass 30 arranged. It should be noted at this point that the working axis A may also be oriented horizontally or obliquely to the horizontal and to the vertical.

In the embodiment described here, the plunger leads 16 a continuous lifting movement between an upper turning point PO and a lower reversal point PU in the third spatial direction z out. The ram tool moves 17 along the working axis A , The length of the way between the upper turning point PO and the lower turning point PU represents the hub H of the plunger 16 It would also be possible in an alternative embodiment, an intermittent movement of the plunger, for example by means of a servo motor as a ram drive 15 , The servomotor can be in the upper and / or lower reversal point PO . PU optionally be stopped for a predetermined rest period, for example during a transfer phase or around the ironing tool between the working position I and rest position II switch. As a result, the required stroke can be reduced.

The pestle 16 moves the ram tool 17 first through the ironing pass 30 through it until it's in the starting section 12 engages ( 4 ). This creates a clamping connection between the outer surface of the plunger tool 17 and the output part 12 , In the ram tool 17 optionally a fluid channel may be present and open out at the outer surface, in which a negative pressure can be generated, so that the output part additionally or alternatively to the clamping connection by the negative pressure on the plunger tool 17 can be held. An outside distance w in the first spatial direction x between the peripheral wall of the output part 12 and the working axis A is smaller than the relevant clearance distance c in the first spatial direction x , Analogous to this is an external distance in the second spatial direction y smaller than the relevant clearance distance c in the second spatial direction y , This is the cross section of the ironing pass 30 perpendicular to the working axis A larger than the outer dimension of the output part 12 , After recording the original part 12 on the ram tool 17 ( 4 ) follows a return stroke of the plunger 16 from the lower turning point PU back to the upper reversal point PO ( 5 ). In this case, the output part 12 through the exit mouth 30b the ironing pass 30 completely through the ironing pass 30 through and at the mouth of the entrance 30a from the ironing pass 30 moved out without a forming work at the exit part 12 perform. Because of the adjustable ironing tool 21 in the resting state I is the cross section of the ironing pass 30 sufficiently large, so that no forming work on the output part 12 is effected and the output part 12 the tool parts 22 of the ironing tool 21 preferably not touched.

Subsequently, the ironing tool 21 into a working position II switched, the forming position IIu corresponds to 6 ). The starting part 12 is done with the ram tool 17 in the forming position IIu of the ironing tool 21 into the mouth of the entrance 30a the ironing pass 30 into, through the ironing pass 30 through and out of the exit mouth 30b moved out. In this movement is a reshaping of the starting part 12 between the plunger tool 17 and the ironing tool 21 by Abstreckgleitziehen instead. The material of the initial part 12 flows counter to the direction of movement of the plunger tool 17 along the plunger tool 17 , This creates a abgestrecktes output part 14 ( 6 ). The ironed output part 14 gets completely out of the ironing pass 30 moved out. The wall thickness of the ironed starting part 14 is by the distance of the ironing edges 31 from the working axis A (Umformabstand you ) and the resulting, remaining gap between the plunger tool 17 and the ironing edges 31 Are defined.

In this embodiment of the forming device 10 with a single forming station 11 , becomes the ironing tool 21 then in a rest position I brought to rest I at the beginning of the procedure or may differ from it. The clearance distance c at rest I is at least as big as an outside distance w of the ironed starting part 14 between the working axis A and the respective outer surface of the peripheral wall in the respective spatial direction x . y ( 7 ). Because the outside dimension w of the ironed starting part 14 smaller than the outside dimension w of the starting part 12 , the clearance distance can be c at rest I after producing the ironed starting part 14 be less than the clearance distance c at rest I when recording the output part 12 through the ram tool 17 ( 3 and 4 ).

In any case, the striated output part 14 after transferring the ironing tool 21 in the rest position I over the exit mouth 30b in the ironing pass 30 into, through the ironing pass 30 through and out of the mouth 30a the ironing pass 30 moved out. It takes place on the striated output part 14 no forming work takes place. Preferably, the ironed starting part contacts 14 the ironing edges of the ironing tool 21 in this rest position I Not.

After the ironed output part 14 the ironing pass 30 through the entrance mouth 30a left, is the ironing tool 21 into a working position II and according to the calibration position Ilk switched. The working distance d between the ironing edges 31 and the working axis A corresponds to the calibration distance dk , About this calibration distance dk is the target outer dimension and therefore the wall thickness of the hollow body 13 Are defined. In this calibration state Ilk of the ironing tool 21 becomes the ironed output part 14 into the mouth of the entrance 30a the ironing pass 30 into, through the ironing pass 30 through and out of the exit mouth 30b the ironing pass 30 completely moved out. In this case, a calibration of the stretched output part takes place 14 instead of. Under the calibration is to understand a small deformation, so that the hollow body 13 is produced with the desired nominal external dimensions and wall thicknesses of the peripheral wall ( 8th ).

After producing the hollow body 13 This is the ram tool 17 removed or stripped. There are several ways to lose weight. For example, a stripping can take place in that the upper edge of the peripheral wall of the hollow body 13 on a return stroke of the plunger 16 from the lower turning point PU towards the upper reversal point PO on the ironing tool 21 created and thereby from the ram tool 17 is stripped off. The ironing tool 21 can for this purpose in a stripping position III in at least one dimension of the ironing pass 30 in the first and / or second spatial direction x . y is smaller than the respective outer dimension of the hollow body produced 13 ( 9 ). Additionally or alternatively, by the plunger tool 17 a fluid channel extending in the end face of the plunger tool 17 opens. By pressurization with a fluid pressure of the hollow body 13 from the ram tool 17 be stripped off. In a further embodiment, a separate stripping means adjacent to the exit orifice 30b the ironing pass 30 be arranged. The stripping device can be brought into a stripping position, in the stripping fingers or similar stripping elements immediately adjacent to the plunger tool 17 or in abutment with the ram tool 17 be brought, so that the upper edge of the peripheral wall of the hollow body produced 13 acted upon and this on a return stroke of the plunger 16 is stripped off. All possibilities for stripping the hollow body 13 can in the embodiments described here, the forming device 10 used or combined.

After removing the hollow body produced 13 from the ram tool 17 , is the removed hollow body 13 by means of the transport device 26 from the forming station 11 transported away. In this removal of the produced hollow body 13 becomes at the same time the next starting part 12 supplied ( 3 and 10 ). During this transport becomes the ironing tool 21 back to the rest position I transferred.

The process for producing the hollow body 13 was based on the embodiment of the forming device 10 to 2 explained. It is done with the same ironing tool 21 the starting part 12 to the pruned output part 14 and then the ironed output part 14 to the hollow body 13 reshaped. These two sequential forming operations can alternatively also in two separate forming stations 11 be executed. Then the stretched output part becomes 14 after its production in the first forming station 11a from the ram tool 17 stripped off, by means of the transport device 26 in the second forming station 11b moved and there from ram tool 17 in the second forming station 11b added. This is the second ironing tool 21b the second forming station in the rest position I , The process in the second forming station 11b then corresponds to the above in connection with the 7-10 explained process. After picking up the ironed starting part 14 through the ram tool 17 in the second forming station 11b becomes the second ironing tool 21b into a working position II brought the calibration position Ilk corresponds and the abgestreckte output part 14 gets into the hollow body 13 reshaped.

In the 28-30 is schematized for comparison a forming device 10 illustrated in the prior art. Escaping with the ram tool 17 is a gas spring 40 in the forming stations 11a . 11b the forming device 10 available. On the gas spring is supported in the first forming station 11a the starting part 12 and in the second forming station 11b the ironed output part 14 from. The starting part 12 or the ironed output part 14 are located on extended gas spring 40 adjacent to the entrance of the Abstreckdurchgangs 30 , By a downward stroke of the plunger 16 becomes the ram tool 17 in the first forming station 11a in the starting section 12 threaded and against the pressure of the gas spring 40 partly through the ironing pass 30 emotional. During the return stroke of the plunger presses the gas spring 40 the ironed output part 14 back through the ironing pass 30 , Subsequently, the transfer of the ironed starting part takes place 14 to the second forming station 11b instead of and the first forming station 11a will be a new starting part 12 supplied ( 28 ). The second forming station 11b works analogous to the first forming station 11a , The ironed output part 14 is in the extended rest position of the gas spring 40 adjacent to the entrance of the Abstreckdurchgangs 30 , During the downward stroke of the ram tool 17 thread this into the ironed out part 14 and moves this partially through the ironing pass 30 through ( 29 ). The gas spring 40 springs in and drives on the return stroke of the plunger 16 out again. After stripping off the hollow body produced 13 this is from the second forming station 11b promoted away and a new stripped exit section 14 supplied ( 301 ).

The forming device 10 according to the prior art ( 28-30 ) has a very high height. Under the ram tool 17 must be in the second forming station 11b the already stretched output part 14 and the hollow body produced 13 be added or deductible. The distance of the ram tool 17 from the ironing pass 30 must be chosen correspondingly large. In addition, a gas spring 40 required, whose stroke is approximately the height of the hollow body produced 13 must correspond. The resulting height (so-called "press window") is large and about 8.5 times as large as the height of the hollow body to be produced 13 , In contrast, the height in the forming device according to the invention 10 be significantly reduced, for example by at least 40% -50%.

In 31 is the lifting movement H depending on the time t at the forming device 10 illustrated in the prior art. The temporal phases are designated as follows: transfer phase T , Introduction phase e , Forming phase U , Return phase R , Stripping phase V as well as calibration phase K , At the beginning there is a transfer phase T instead, in the first forming station 11a an output part 12 is supplied. Subsequently, the ram tool 17 the first forming station 11a in the starting section 12 introduced (introduction phase e ) and in a further downward stroke of the plunger tool 17 in the first forming station during the forming phase U to the pruned output part 14 reshaped. After reaching the lower reversal point and the Rückhubphase R becomes the ironed output part 14 from the ram tool 17 in the first forming station 11a removed or stripped off (stripping phase V ). The processing in the first forming station 11a is finished and in the subsequent transfer phase T becomes the ironed output part 14 in the second forming station 11b transferred. There is analogous to the downstroke of the ram 16 the ram tool 17 the second forming station 11b into the ironed starting part 14 introduced (introduction phase e ) and calibrated on the further downstroke (calibration phase K ). Subsequently, the produced hollow body 13 initially moved back (Rückhubphase R ) and then from the ram tool 17 the second forming station 11b stripped off (stripping phase V ). Finally, the transfer of the produced hollow body takes place 13 from the second forming station 11b instead (transfer phase T ). This is the production of the hollow body 13 completed.

In 32 In contrast, the timing of the forming device is 10 according to 1 with two forming stations 11a . 11b illustrated. Because of the transport of the cup-shaped containers 12 . 13 . 14 only on the side of the ironing pass 30 , the exit mouth 30b opposite, the ram tools 17 only a short distance to the entrance mouth 30a the ironing pass 30 exhibit when the plunger 16 in the upper reversal point PO located. This allows the entire necessary hub H smaller than in the prior art.

At the beginning, the transport of the starting part takes place 12 in the first forming station 11a instead of (Transfer phase T ). The ram tool is in the output part 12 introduced (introduction phase e ) and through the ironing pass 30 moved back (Rückhubphase R ). Only on the next downstroke of the ram 16 takes place the forming by Abstreckgleitziehen instead (forming phase U ). During the subsequent return stroke of the ram 16 in the first forming station 11a becomes the ironed output part 14 removed (stripping phase V ) and in the second forming station 11b transported. There will be the downstroke of the pestle 16 through the ironing pass 30 through for insertion of the plunger tool 17 into the ironed starting part 14 used (insertion phase e ) and the ironed output part 14 by a return stroke through the ironing pass 30 through to the side of the entrance mouth 30a moved (return stroke phase R ). During the subsequent downward stroke of the plunger 16 the second forming station 11b becomes the ironed output part 14 to the hollow body 13 calibrated (calibration phase K ) and during the subsequent return stroke of the plunger 16 from the ram tool 17 stripped off (stripping phase V ). Subsequently, the hollow body produced 13 from the second forming station 11b be transported out.

A comparison of this first process according to the invention according to 23 with the procedure in the prior art shows that the time required is about the same size, but the height can be significantly reduced because of the lower required stroke.

In 33 an embodiment of the method according to the present invention is illustrated, in which only one forming station 11 is available. At the beginning will be during the transfer phase T the starting part 12 fed and in another downward stroke is the ram tool 17 in the starting section 12 introduced (introduction phase e ). Subsequently, the ram tool 17 with the starting part 12 through the ironing pass 30 moved back (Rückhubphase R ) and during the next downstroke passing through the ironing pass 30 reshaped (forming phase U ). In the same forming station, the ironed-out output part produced thereby is formed 14 on the next return stroke back through the passage 30 moved and the next down stroke of the ram 16 calibrated (calibration phase K ). Finally, the hollow body thus produced 13 from the ram tool 17 stripped off (stripping phase V ) and from the forming station 11 transported out (transfer phase T ). This saves time .delta.t achieved compared to the other methods with two forming stations. This time gain .delta.t results from the fact that the abgestreckte output part 14 not from the ram tool 17 stripped and then transferred to another forming station, but at the same ram tool 17 remains in the forming station and by passing twice through the ironing pass 30 (forming phase U and calibration phase K ) first into the ironed starting part 14 and then into the hollow body 13 is transformed. As in the inventive method according to 23 is also according to this second inventive method 24 the required stroke H significantly lower than in the method according to the prior art ( 22 ).

A further modification of the invention provides the position of the movable tool parts 23 during a forming process or calibration process. This can be a parallel to the working axis A increasing or decreasing wall thickness of the ironed starting part 14 or of the hollow body 13 be achieved. The working position II of the ironing tool 21 is, so to speak, opposite the working axis A not unchangeable, but the position of the ironing edges 31 relative to the working axis A is changed or varied during the Abstreckgleitziehens. Such a control or regulation allows a multiplicity of outer contours or wall thickness profiles of a manufactured hollow body 13 ,

The invention relates to a Abstreckwerkzeuganordnung 20 with an adjustable ironing tool 21 , their use in a forming device 10 or in a forming process for forming a cup-shaped starting part 12 in a hollow body 13 , The core of the invention is one by an adjustable ironing tool 21 formed Abstreckdurchgang 30 be able to change or adjust. For this is at least one movable tool part 23 available. This allows the ironing tool 21 in at least one rest position I as well as at least one job II bring. At rest I can the cup-shaped output part 12 or another cup-shaped container through the ironing passage 30 be moved through without a forming work is done. In the at least one job II becomes the starting part 12 or one from the output part 12 manufactured abgestrecktes output part 14 in a movement with its closed axial side ahead through the ironing passage 30 moved and reshaped by Abstreckgleitziehen. Through this adjustable or switchable ironing tool 21 can transformers 10 be realized, where only a small stroke H for movement along a working axis A is required. The inventive method or the forming device according to the invention can be a single forming station 11 or two forming stations 11a . 11b each with a ironing tool 21 and one on a pestle 16 arranged ram tool 17 respectively.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

reshaping

11

forming station

11a

first forming station

11b

second forming station

12

output portion

13

hollow body

14

stretched output part

15

ram drive

16

tappet

17

ram tool

20

Abstreckwerkzeuganordnung

20a

first ironing tool assembly

20b

second ironing tool assembly

21

ironing die

22

tool part

23

movable tool part

24

Page tool part

25

tooling adjustment

26

transport means

27

transport drive

28

Mode of Transport

30

Abstreckdurchgang

30a

entrance mouth

30b

exit orifice

31

Abstreckkante

32

Eckwerkzeugteil

33

rotatable tool part

34

contact area

35

biasing means

36

stop surface

40

Gas spring

I

rest position

II

working position

Ilk

calibrating

IIu

Umformstellung

III

stripping position

.delta.t

time savings

A

working axis

B

overlap area

c

release distance

D

axis of rotation

d

working distance

you

Umformabstand

dk

calibration distance

e

insertion phase

H

time-dependent lifting movement

H

stroke

K

calibration

M

midplane

PO

upper reversal point

PU

lower reversal point

P

arrow

R

return stroke

s1

first side clearance

s2

second side clearance

s3

third side clearance

t

Time

T

transfer phase

U

forming phase

V

stripping phase

w

margin

x

first spatial direction

y

second spatial direction

z

third spatial direction

Claims (21)

An ironing tool assembly (20, 20a, 20b) comprising an adjustable ironing tool (21) having a plurality of tool parts (22) each having an ironing edge (31) and disposed adjacent to a ironing pass (30), at least one tool part (30). 22) is designed as a movable tool part (23), wherein the at least one movable tool part (23) is movably mounted such that the distance between the at least one movable tool part (23) and extending through the Abstreckdurchgang (30) working axis (A ) Is changeable to bring the ironing tool (21) in at least one working position (II) and in at least one rest position (I), wherein the distance between the at least one movable tool part (23) and the working axis (A) in the at least a working position (II) of the ironing tool (21) is a working distance (d), and wherein the distance between the at least one movable tool part (23) and the working axis (A) in the at least one rest position (I) of the ironing tool (21) is a clearance distance (c) greater than the working distance (d) in FIG at least one job (II). Ironing arrangement after Claim 1 characterized in that there is provided a tool adjusting device (25) adapted to move the at least one movable tool part (23) to move the ironing tool (21) into the at least one working position (II) and / or at least one Rest position (I) to bring. Ironing arrangement after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the at least one movable tool part (23) by means of a biasing means (35) in the at least one working position (II) is biased. Ironing tool arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one movable tool part (23) is mounted such that it moves in the direction of movement of a container (12, 13, 14) from an inlet mouth (30a) of the ironing passage (30) to an exit orifice (30b) of the ironing passage (30) into which at least one working position (II) is urged, and that upon movement of a container (12, 13, 14) from the exit orifice (30b) of the ironing passageway (30) to the entrance mouth (30a) of Abstreckdurchgangs (30) in the at least one rest position (I) is urged. Abstreckwerkzeuganordnung according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one of the movable tool parts (23) is rotatably mounted about a rotational axis (D). Ironing arrangement after Claim 5 , characterized in that the ironing tool (21) has four rotatably mounted, movable tool parts (23), which face each other in pairs on opposite sides of the working axis (A). Abstreckwerkzeuganordnung according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one movable tool part (23) are mounted in a plane perpendicular to the working axis (A) linearly movable or pivotable. Abstreckwerkzeuganordnung according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a plurality of movable tool parts (23) are present, each having at least one linear and perpendicular to the working axis (A) extending ironing edge (31) in a plane perpendicular to the working axis (A) curved and / or angled. Ironing arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one working position (II) of the ironing tool (21) is a forming position (IIu) and / or a calibration position (IIk). Forming device (10) adapted for forming an initial part (12) into a hollow body (13) by ironing with at least one forming station (11, 11a, 11b), each forming station (11, 11a, 11b) comprising a ram drive (15 ) which is adapted to move a plunger (16) with a plunger tool (17) along a working axis (A), and wherein each forming station (11, 11a, 11b) comprises a ironing tool assembly (20, 20a, 20b) of the preceding claims, and having a transport device (26) which is adapted to transport the output part (12) into a forming station (11, 11a) of the at least one forming station (11, 11a, 11b) and the hollow body (13). from a forming station (11, 11b) of the at least one forming station (11, 11a, 11b) to transport. Forming device after Claim 10 characterized in that the ironing passage (30) has an entrance mouth (30a) and an exit port (30b), the forming apparatus (10) being adapted to move the exit member (12) by means of the movement of the plunger (16) to deform it Entrance mouth (30 a) to the exit port (30 b) through the ironing passage (30) to move. Forming device after Claim 10 or 11 , characterized in that the transport device (26) is adapted to transport the output part (12) and / or the hollow body (13) in a transport plane perpendicular to the working axis (A). Forming device after Claim 12 , characterized in that the transport device (26) is adapted to transport the output part (12) and the hollow body (13) in a common transport plane. Forming device according to one of Claims 11 to 13 characterized in that the transport means (26) is adapted to transport the output part (12) and / or the hollow body (13) adjacent to the side of the ironing pass (30) on which the exit port (30b) of the ironing pass (30) 30). Forming device according to one of Claims 10 to 14 , characterized in that a first forming station (11a) and a second forming station (11b) are provided, that a first ironing tool arrangement (20a) of the first forming station (11a) is adapted to a first ironing tool (21a) between a working position (II ) and the rest position (I) to move, and that a second Abstreckwerkzeuganordnung (20b) of the second forming station (11b) is adapted to a second ironing tool (21b) between a working position (II) forming calibration position (IIk ) and a rest position (I) to move. Forming device according to one of Claims 10 to 15 , characterized in that only one forming station (11) is present, and that the ironing tool assembly (20) of the forming station (11) is adapted to the ironing tool (21) between a working position (II) forming forming position (IIu), one a move further working position (II) forming the calibration position (IIk) and the rest position (I). A method for forming a cup-shaped output part (12) by Abstreckgleitziehen using a forming device (10) with at least one forming station (11, 11a, 11b), each forming station (11, 11a, 11b) has a ram drive (15), which is arranged to move a plunger (16) with a plunger tool (17) along a working axis (A), and wherein each forming station (11, 11a, 11b) a Abstreckwerkzeuganordnung (20, 20a, 20b) according to one of Claims 1 to 9 transporting the output part (12) by means of the transport device (26) into a forming station (11, 11a) of the at least one forming station (11, 11a, 11b), Abstreckwerkzeugs (21, 21a) of the forming station (11, 11a), in which the output part (12) is arranged, in a rest position (I) in which the at least one movable tool part (23) has a release distance (c) to the working axis (A moving the plunger tool (17) through the ironing passage (30) of the ironing tool (21, 21a) and into the starting part (12), moving the plunger tool (17) back to the starting part (12) through the ironing pass (30) the ironing tool (21, 21a), bringing the ironing tool (21, 21a) of the forming station (11, 11a), in which the output part (12) is arranged on the plunger tool (17), into a working position (II) in which the at least one movable tool part (23) has a working end standing (d, du) to the working axis (A), which is smaller than the clearance distance (c), - forming the output part (12) in a converted output part (14) by moving the plunger tool (17) with the output part (12) through the ironing passage (30) of the ironing tool (21, 21a), wherein the output member (12) is ironed by ironing between the plunger tool (17) and the ironing tool (21, 21a). Method according to Claim 17 , characterized in that a first forming station (11a) and a second forming station (11b) are present and that in the first forming station (11a) abgestreckte output member (14) from the plunger tool (17) and removed by the transport device (26) in the second forming station (11b) is transported. Method according to Claim 18 , characterized in that in the second forming station (11b) the following steps are carried out: - Bringing the second ironing tool (21b) of the second forming station (11b) in a rest position (I), in which the at least one movable tool part (23) has a release distance (c) to the working axis (A), - moving the plunger tool (17) through the ironing passage (30) of the second ironing tool (21b) and into the stretchered output part (14), - moving back the plunger tool (17) with the stretchered output part ( 14) through the ironing pass (30) of the second ironing tool (21b), bringing the second ironing tool (21b) into a working position (II), in which the at least one movable tool part (23) has a working distance (d, dk) to the working axis ( A), which is smaller than the clearance distance (c), - calibrating the stretched output part (14) for producing the hollow body (13) by moving the plunger tool (17) with the umg The initial part (14) is formed through the ironing passage (30) of the second ironing tool (21b), the ironed starting part (14) being calibrated by ironing between the plunger tool (17) and the second ironing tool (21b). Method according to Claim 17 , characterized in that only one forming station (11) is present and that after the production of the ironed starting part (14) the following steps are carried out: Bringing the ironing tool (21) in a rest position (I), in which the at least one movable tool part (23) has a release distance (c) to the working axis (A), - moving back the plunger tool (17) with the stretched output part (14) the ironing pass (30) of the ironing tool (21), bringing the ironing tool (21) into a further working position (II), in which the at least one movable tool part (23) has a working distance (d, dk) to the working axis (A), which is smaller than the clearance distance (c), - calibrating the ironed starting part (14) to produce the hollow body (13) by moving the plunger tool (17) with the ironed exit part (14) through the ironing passage (30) of the ironing tool (21) wherein the ironed output member (14) is calibrated by ironing draw between the plunger tool (17) and the ironing tool (21). Method according to Claim 17 or 18 , characterized in that the hollow body (13) produced from the forming station (11, 11b) is further transported.

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