DE102017108040A1 - coupling device - Google Patents

Abstract

Clutch device comprising an outer disk carrier (8, 12) with outer disks (7, 11) arranged axially displaceably therewith, an inner disk carrier (10, 14) with inner disks (9, 13) arranged axially displaceable thereon, wherein the outer and inner disks (7 , 9, 11, 13) form a disk set, wherein the disk set at least one annular, a defined unbalance having balance component (19, 20) is associated.

Description

The invention relates to a coupling device comprising an outer disk carrier with axially displaceably arranged outer disks and an inner disk carrier having axially displaceably arranged thereon inner disks, wherein the outer and the inner disks form a disk set.

Such a coupling device serves to connect a drive, for example an internal combustion engine, with a transmission. For this purpose, an outer disk carrier with outer disks arranged thereon and an inner disk carrier with inner disks arranged thereon are provided, wherein the inner disks engage between the outer disks. The outer disks are, for example, steel disks, while the inner disks are friction disks. Upon compression of the disk set, via an actuating element, such as a pressure pot, a frictional engagement between the steel and the friction plates is obtained, so that a rotation of the outer disk carrier, which is connected to an input or drive shaft, is transmitted to the inner disk carrier. This is in turn coupled with an output shaft leading to the transmission.

The coupling device itself thus comprises a number of rotating components, ie in addition to the plate carriers and the lamellae, the actuating element such as the pressure pot, return elements such as coil springs and the like. In this case, the individual components of either the drive side, for example comprising the outer disk carrier and the outer disk and the pressure pot, etc., or the output side, then comprising the inner disk carrier and the inner disks and any return elements, etc., assigned, that is, they rotate independently of each other.

In such a rotating system or in these rotating systems, after they are made up of a large number of partially also movably guided components, imbalances are given. These imbalances have an adverse effect on the operation of the coupling device. The imbalances arise from the fact that usually the centers of gravity of the individual elements are not ideally in the axis of rotation, but arise by games between the individual components, manufacturing tolerances and design-related irregularities (eg pronounced lugs for a rotation of snap rings, etc.), focal displacements of individual components or even the overall structure. This leads under speed to an imbalance and thus to an unwanted load on the clutch.

It is possible to measure the imbalance of such a coupling device. This is done on a test bench in which the position and size of the imbalance can be determined. If these parameters are known, material is selectively applied or removed in known coupling devices for balancing. This means that one or more balancing weights are welded to the coupling device, ie a rotating component. The number depends on the height of the imbalance to be compensated, the position and the direction of the imbalance to be compensated.

For unbalance compensation by welding a balancing weight, an additional welding process is required. This not only entails additional expense due to partly complex processes, but also irrevocably changes the structure of the coupling device. If, for example, unbalance errors occur during the final inspection, reworking is sometimes no longer possible because the individual parts were possibly rendered unusable by welding. Depending on the coupling structure and welding process, a subsequent disassembly can also be prevented.

The invention is therefore based on the problem to provide a contrast improved coupling device.

To solve this problem is provided according to the invention in a coupling device of the type mentioned that the disc pack at least one annular, a defined unbalance exhibiting compensation component is assigned.

According to the invention, the unbalance compensation by integration of an annular compensation component, which, as well as the other components of the coupling device rotates about the central axis of rotation to make. The compensation component has a defined unbalance, which is designed such that it compensates the previously measured imbalance as much as possible. It is therefore a separate, even after assembly of the coupling device releasably removable and replaceable compensation component installed. This is much easier than the previously known welding one or more balance weights, which, as described in the introduction, beyond also can not be removed.

Such a compensation component is preferably a lamella which is integrated into the lamella packet. So it is an element to be integrated from the house, namely a slat, also used as a compensation component, it is almost a double function. Alternatively to the use of a lamella It is also conceivable that the compensation component is a tolerance compensation serving spacer, which is connected upstream of the disk pack. Such a spacer, such as a blade usually a steel component, can serve the balancing. Also, it is an element to be installed anyway, so that even in this invention alternative of the spacer plays a double role.

To adjust the imbalance of the compensation component, preferably locally material is removed from the compensation component. This can be done in the case of a lamella most easily by removing one or more teeth of the lamellae. If one or more teeth are removed, for example via a punching process, an imbalance inevitably results, the amount of which can be set relatively accurately by determining the amount of material to be removed. Depending on the amount of material to be removed, half a tooth, an entire tooth or several teeth etc. can be removed.

Alternatively or in addition to the removal of teeth or parts of the teeth, it is also conceivable that the unbalance can be generated by targeted introduction of one or more recesses or holes in the blade or in the spacer. Again, the size of the imbalance is adjusted by appropriate adjustment of the bore or recess size and their position.

The advantage of using a lamella or a spacer as compensation element is further that the lamella or spacer is fixed in position relative to the other components of the drive side or the output side in their arrangement. In the case of a lamella this engages with its external or internal toothing in the corresponding toothing of the respective disc carrier. Depending on the angle of rotation in which the respective lamella is used relative to the other lamellae, this inevitably results in a corresponding alignment of the imbalance in relation to the total imbalance which has to be compensated. This can be adjusted on the one hand by appropriate, defined removal of material imbalance, on the other hand by appropriate positioning of the compensation component and the direction of the imbalance introduced, such that the unbalance to be compensated is largely compensated.

It is particularly expedient if the compensating component at least partially compensates for the drive-side imbalance of the coupling device. Usually far more rotating components than on the output side are installed on the drive side, ie the clutch driven by the engine side. For this reason, an expedient development of the invention provides that the drive-side imbalance is at least partially compensated as a matter of urgency.

In addition, of course, it is also possible, at least partially compensate for any output unbalance with another compensation component. This means that the separate drive and output side imbalances are each compensated, so that, as seen over the entire coupling device, results in an extremely low total imbalance, due to the compensation of the partial imbalances.

It is readily possible to determine the size of the drive-side and the output-side unbalance via a test bench. In this, the completely constructed coupling device is arranged with a vertical or horizontal axis of rotation on a test spindle, in the closed state, a corresponding speed profile is traversed and detected by corresponding sensors, the imbalance. Then, the coupling device is rotated by 180 ° and made a second measurement. The one measurement indicates the drive-side imbalance, the other measurement the output side imbalance. Subsequently, a vectorial calculation can be used to determine the proportion of the drive and output imbalance in the total imbalance. The two measurements are used to separate drive and driven unbalance. Due to the larger number of individual components installed on the drive side, the drive-side imbalance is frequently, but not necessarily, greater than the output side, so that a precise differentiation of the individual partial imbalances is possible. Not only the size of the respective partial imbalance can be determined, but also the direction. This makes it possible, by targeted, rotationally symmetrical defined integration of the compensation component, ie the lamella or the spacer, to compensate for the imbalance also exactly directionally.

According to an expedient development of the invention it can be provided that at least two compensation components are provided, which are arranged at a fixed angle of rotation to each other. This embodiment of the invention proposes, as it were, a superimposition of two individual imbalances in order to produce a total compensation imbalance. If, for example, two compensating lamellae are arranged on the driven outer lamella carrier, which are rotated relative to one another by a certain angle of rotation, that is to say they are twisted with their teeth in relation to the removal of material, the respective individual imbalances are superimposed in magnitude and direction. This leads to the fact that the compensation spectrum can be increased even further.

The coupling device can be a single coupling, comprising an outer disk carrier with outer disks and an inner disk carrier with inner disks. Alternatively, however, the coupling device may also comprise two partial clutches, it may be designed as a double clutch. Each sub-clutch each comprises an outer disk carrier with outer disks and an inner disk carrier with inner disks, each forming a disk set, each sub-coupling is assigned at least one compensation component. This means that even with a dual clutch each sub-clutch, usually denoted by K1 and K2, at least partially compensated or balanced in their part clutch specific unbalance, in each sub-clutch and a specific drive and output side unbalance compensation by integrating multiple balancing components, be it slats Be it spacers (often also called shim disks).

In known dual clutch devices usually both partial clutches are located on a common drive. That is, for example, both outer disk carrier are located on a common drive shaft, that is, therefore, jointly and permanently driven. Consequently, there is a total imbalance over both drive-side partial clutches. The compensation components to be installed on the drive side in each partial clutch are now designed and positioned in such a way that they compensate the respective drive-side imbalance. Again, the two balancing imbalances overlap to a total imbalance by the compensation components, ie the compensating blades or shims, are positioned according to rotated relative to the axis of rotation. This is possible in this case, since both outer disk carriers are located on a common drive. This is also possible regardless of whether the partial clutches are positioned axially or radially, so axially seen one behind the other, or radially into each other.

Also in the case of the double clutch, of course, further compensation components can be provided, which at least partially compensate for the output-side imbalances. The respective output sides of the partial clutches lie on separate output shafts or hubs. In this case, each partial imbalance must be compensated separately. A targeted superposition to a total compensation unbalance is not possible here, since the individual output sides at different times and at different engagement rotational positions couple with the respective drive side.

Overall, the coupling device according to the invention allows a simple and accurate, but if necessary, again changeable unbalance compensation. It is conceivable, after specifically balancing components are integrated to form a sort of assortment of different balancing components with different imbalances, that is, there are balancing components or balancing plates or balancing discs in different versions respectively with different defined unbalance values. These can already be prefabricated and, for example, have different imbalances staggered in 50 gmm increments. For example, the spectrum may range from 50 to 500 gmm, so there would be 10 different fin types within the range. Depending on the measured unbalance, be it on the drive or on the output, then the corresponding compensation component or the corresponding compensation plate is installed, which balances the unbalance best. For example, the fitter then performs the unbalance measurement and then searches out of the corresponding balancing range, the one or more required compensation components and assembles them. The maximum achievable imbalance value depends primarily on the dimension of the respective compensation component. It can only be produced as high imbalance, as it allows the material of the compensation component, so for example, the lamella, and thus the removable without affecting the mechanical properties of the compensation component mass. The larger the dimension of the lamella and the more material can be removed locally, the higher the balancing value to be compensated can be higher.

• 1 eine Prinzipdarstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Kupplungseinrichtung in Form einer Doppelkupplung,
• 2 eine Ansicht einer bei einer Kupplungseinrichtung aus 1 verwendeten Stahllamelle als Außenlamelle,
• 3 eine Darstellung eines Ausgleichsbauteils in Form einer Stahllamelle, wie in 1 gezeigt, mit durch Entfernen eines Zahns ausgebildeter definierter Unwucht,
• 4 eine Ansicht eines Ausgleichsbauteils in Form einer Stahllamelle mit durch Erzeugen einer größeren Aussparung gebildeten Unwucht, und
• 5 die Anordnung zweier Ausgleichsbauteile mit definierten Unwuchten auf der Antriebsseite der jeweiligen Teilkupplung der Doppelkupplung aus 1.

The invention will be explained below with reference to embodiments with reference to the drawings. The drawings are schematic representations and show:

• 1 a schematic diagram of a coupling device according to the invention in the form of a double clutch,
• 2 a view of a in a coupling device 1 used steel plate as outer plate,
• 3 a representation of a compensation component in the form of a steel blade, as in 1 shown with defined by a tooth removal defined imbalance,
• 4 a view of a compensation component in the form of a steel plate with formed by generating a larger recess imbalance, and
• 5 the arrangement of two compensation components with defined imbalances on the drive side of the respective part clutch of the double clutch 1 ,

1 shows a coupling device according to the invention 1 in the form of a double clutch, comprising a first part clutch 2 and a second part clutch 3 , Both partial clutches 2 . 3 are with a common input element 4 , For example, a drive shaft which is coupled to an internal combustion engine, and each having an output member 5 . 6 , For example, separate shafts or hollow shafts or hubs, which lead to a transmission coupled. The output links 5 . 6 So are output hubs that are to be connected to transmission input shafts, while the input member 4 designed as an input shaft or drive shaft.

The first part clutch 2 has a first outer lamella 7 having first outer disk carrier 8th and a first inner fin 9 having first inner disk carrier 10 on. Accordingly, the second part clutch 3 a second outer lamella 11 having second outer plate carrier 12 and a second inner fin 13 having second inner disk carrier 14 on.

How out 1 is apparent, is the first inner disk carrier 10 with the first output member 5 and the second inner disc carrier 14 with the second output member 6 connected. The input member 4 is with both outer disk carriers 8th . 12 connected, so both are simultaneously on the input element 4 , ie the input shaft, driven.

Shown are also two actuators 15 . 16 , which can be moved by means of appropriately suitable adjusting means, either via the outer and inner plates 7 . 9 formed disk set of the first part clutch 2 or that over the outer and inner fins 11 . 13 formed disk set of the second part clutch 3 compress and thus couple the respective outer disk carrier with the respective inner disk carrier and consequently the input member 4 with the corresponding output member 5 or 6 , The actuators 15 . 16 are designed as pressure pots and against the restoring force of a respective spring means 17 . 18 , usually corresponding coil spring packs or disc springs, movable.

The structure of such a double clutch is basically known.

As can be seen, the drive side comprises significantly more components than the output side. Drive side are, at the common input member 4 hanging, next to the outer plate carriers 8th . 12 with their outer blades 7 . 9 also the corresponding actuators 15 . 16 as well as the spring means 17 . 18 and their corresponding holder, etc. to call. All these components go into the respective drive-side imbalance of the respective partial clutches 2 . 3 one.

On the other hand, significantly fewer components are provided on the output side, namely primarily only the inner disk carriers 10 . 14 with the inner plates 9 . 13 and the output hubs 5 . 6 ,

It follows that the imbalance on the drive side is usually much greater than on the output side. This in turn means that priority imbalance on the drive side must be compensated, but in addition, the output side imbalances can be compensated.

According to the invention it is now provided that in one or both partial clutches 2 . 3 on the drive side, possibly also on the output side, a compensation component 19 (in the case of partial coupling 2 ) or 20 (in the case of partial coupling 3 ) is integrated to compensate for any imbalance. Exemplary here are the compensation components 19 . 20 only provided on the drive side, thus therefore with the respective outer disk carriers 8th . 12 connected. With the compensation components 19 these are "modified" outer disks 7 . 11 , which have a defined imbalance, which is suitable, an intrinsically given imbalance on the drive side of each sub-coupling 2 . 3 to compensate. Such a compensation component takes over both the function of unbalance compensation and the function of the torque transfer. This has the advantage that no additional space is needed. It is only necessary to ensure that the friction surface remains unaffected by the recess and that other technical requirements remain met (rigidity, roughness, etc.).

At this point, the note that of course appropriate compensation components also in the form of modified inner plates 9 . 13 on the respective inner disk carrier 10 . 14 may be provided to the output-specific imbalances of the partial clutches 2 . 3 to at least partially compensate.

The respective part-coupling-specific and driving or driven side specific partial imbalances can be determined separately via a corresponding unbalance test stand. If the respective unbalance value is known, the compensation component can be designed correspondingly with a defined unbalance or an already existing, appropriately designed compensation component can be used if an assortment comprising several unbalance stages is available. By integration of the respective compensation component 19 . 20 Here is specifically the corresponding drive-side imbalance of the partial clutch 2 as far as possible, preferably completely, compensated, as well as a corresponding drive-side imbalance of the part clutch 3 , so that a total of compensated imbalance results on the drive side. In the same way a corresponding output-side specific imbalance can be compensated.

2 shows a common outer fin 7 that has a radially outer toothing 21 having. In the same way only with a different radius are the outer plates 12 executed the second part of the clutch, the versions are therefore equally applicable to these outer plates. The majority of in the part clutch 2 (The same applies to the partial clutch 3 ) installed outer disks 7 has this shape.

3 In contrast, shows a first embodiment of a compensating element 19 (The same applies to a compensation element 20 ). This is to form a defined imbalance on a recess 22 a tooth 23 the gearing 21 been removed. Consequently, a first unbalance U _{1 is} formed whose direction is in 3 is shown. The amount of imbalance depends on the weight of the removed material, here the remote tooth 23 , from. The more material removed, the greater the defined unbalance. As a result, since the amount of removed material is known, the given imbalance can be accurately determined in its amount.

4 shows a second embodiment of a compensating element 19 in which also a defined imbalance by forming a recess 22 was generated, with significantly more teeth 23 as well as material of the ring disk body was removed. Consequently, an imbalance U ₂ that is significantly greater in magnitude is formed, as in FIG 4 is shown. This shows that a correspondingly wide range of different compensation components in the form of a component assortment can be created, so that in the context of assembly after determining the imbalance to be compensated the corresponding matching compensation component 19 can be used.

There is the possibility, if sufficient, only one compensation component 19 . 20 to obstruct, if the imbalance is thus largely compensated. But there is also the possibility of the respective outer disk carrier 8th respectively 12 for example, two such separate compensation components 19 . 20 to assemble and superimpose their individual imbalances each other. By correspondingly rotated positioning, the direction of the resulting total imbalance can also be adjusted, so that by appropriate superposition of partial imbalances in the amount and direction in turn variable but adjustable total compensation imbalance can be created.

This can also be seen on both partial clutches 2 . 3 on the outer disk carrier 8th . 12 respectively. As described, both outer disc carrier 8th . 12 at a common input member 4 arranged, so inevitably rotate simultaneously and synchronously with each other. Each drive-side part has a separate imbalance. The drive side of the partial clutch 2 has a part coupling specific imbalance, as well as the drive side of the part clutch 3 , Since the drive sides are in a fixed angular relationship to each other, after being on the common input member 4 As the intrinsic imbalances overlap, a superimposed total imbalance is formed both in terms of magnitude and direction.

This can now be done by using appropriately designed compensation elements 19 . 20 counteracted, with their partial imbalances are superimposed again to a total compensation imbalance. This is in 5 shown. Shown are on the one hand a compensation component 19 with a first imbalance U _A and a compensation component 20 with a second unbalance U _B. Shown is the resulting imbalance U _Res , which results from superposition. As both compensation components 19 . 20 in a fixed rotational angle relationship to each other, after they are in the corresponding teeth of the outer disk carrier 8th . 12 intervene, consequently, the direction of the individual imbalances U _A , U _B remains constant, so that the resulting imbalance. By appropriate combination of the partial balancing imbalances can consequently the total imbalance based on the drive side of the dual clutch 1 be compensated.

In a corresponding manner, as described, the partial imbalances on the output side to the output members 5 . 6 be compensated by integration of one or more compensating elements in the form of unbalanced inner plates. However, a targeted unbalance superposition is not possible here, since the rotational position of the respective inner disk carrier 10 . 14 or the inner disks 9 . 13 permanently changes relative to the drive-side components. Also relative to each other, the rotational angle positions of the output-side components change permanently, so that only a separate, specific compensation is possible here.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

coupling device

2

part clutch

3

part clutch

4

input member

5

output member

6

output member

7

first outer lamella

8th

first outer disk carrier

9

first inner lamella

10

first inner disk carrier

11

second outer lamella

12

second outer disc carrier

13

second inner lamella

14

second inner disk carrier

15

jig

16

jig

17

spring means

18

spring means

19

balancing member

20

balancing member

21

gearing

22

recess

23

tooth

Claims (10)

Coupling device comprising an outer disk carrier (8, 12) with axially displaceably arranged outer disks (7, 11) and an inner disk carrier (10, 14) with axially displaceably arranged therein inner disks (9, 13), wherein the outer and the inner disks (7 , 9, 11, 13) form a disk set, characterized in that the disk set is associated with at least one annular compensating component (19, 20) having a defined imbalance. Coupling device after Claim 1 , characterized in that the compensation component (19, 20) is a blade (7, 9, 11, 13) which is integrated in the disk set, or that the compensation component is a tolerance compensation serving spacer, which is connected upstream of the disk pack. Coupling device after Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the imbalance of the compensation component (19, 20) is generated by local removal of material. Coupling device after Claim 3 characterized in that in the case of a lamella (7, 9, 11, 13) the imbalance is formed by removing one or more teeth (21) of the lamellar toothing, or by inserting one or more recesses (22) or holes in the lamella, or that in the case of a spacer, the unbalance is formed by introducing one or more recesses or holes. Coupling device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compensation component (19, 20) at least partially compensates for the drive-side imbalance of the coupling device (1). Coupling device after Claim 5 , characterized in that a further compensation component is provided, which compensates for the output-side imbalance at least partially. Coupling device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two compensation components (19, 20) are provided, which are arranged at a fixed angle of rotation to each other. Coupling device according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises two partial couplings (2, 3) each having an outer disk carrier (8, 12) with outer disks (7, 11) and an inner disk carrier (10, 14) with inner disks (9, 13), each forming a disk set, each sub-coupling (2, 3) is assigned at least one compensation component (19, 20). Coupling device after Claim 8 , characterized in that both partial clutches (2, 3) on a common drive (4), wherein in each sub-clutch (2, 3), the respective drive-side imbalance compensation components (19, 20) is compensated. Coupling device after Claim 9 , characterized in that further compensation components are provided, which compensate the output side unbalance at least partially.

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