DE102017006188A1

DE102017006188A1 - deep drilling

Info

Publication number: DE102017006188A1
Application number: DE102017006188.2A
Authority: DE
Inventors: Anmelder Gleich
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2017-06-30
Filing date: 2017-06-30
Publication date: 2019-01-03
Anticipated expiration: 2037-07-01
Also published as: DE102017006188B4

Abstract

Vorgestellt wird ein Tiefbohrwerkzeug aus drei Abschnitten: Einem Bohrkopf (10), einem Bohrrohr (12) und einem Verbindungselement (11), das die beiden erstgenannten Teile mittels Klebe-, Löt- oder Schweissverbindung zusammenhält. Der Bohrkopf ist in seiner Art der bekannten Technologie des so genannten Einlippenbohrers (ELB-Verfahren) nachempfunden. Das Bohrrohr mit der kreisrunden Form findet man jedoch vorzugsweise beim BTA-Verfahren, sodass dem Verbindungselement die Aufgabe zukommt, die ursprünglich verschiedenen bzw. gegensätzlichen Zu- und Ableitungswege von Kühlmittel und Bohrspänen zu koordinieren. Spezielle Vorgänge beim Ejektor-Bohrverfahren werden ebenfalls im Verbindungselement nachvollzogen. Mit diesem Aufbau aus nur drei Teilen ist es nun möglich, ein Tiefbohrwerkzeug bereitzustellen, das die wesentlichsten Vorzüge der drei gängigen Tiefbohrverfahren in einem einzigen Werkzeug vereint. Mehr Details dazu in der folgenden Beschreibung.

A deep drilling tool consisting of three sections is presented: a drill head (10), a drill pipe (12) and a connecting element (11), which holds the first two parts together by means of adhesive, soldering or welding connection. The drill head is modeled in its kind of known technology of the so-called single-lip drill (ELB method). However, the drill pipe with the circular shape is preferably found in the BTA process, so that the connecting element has the task of coordinating the originally different or opposite paths of supply and discharge of coolant and drill cuttings. Special processes in the ejector drilling process are also reproduced in the connecting element. With this construction of only three parts, it is now possible to provide a deep drilling tool that combines the essential advantages of the three common deep drilling methods in a single tool. More details in the following description.

Description

Technischer Bereich:Technical part:

Tiefbohrwerkzeuge werden vorzugsweise in aufgabenbezogenen Werkzeugmaschinen zum Einbringen von Bohrungen eingesetzt, deren Bohrtiefe überwiegend sehr viel grösser als der Bohrungsdurchmesser ist. Sie sind allgemein so gestaltet, dass ein permanenter Kühlmitteldurchfluss einen ununterbrochenen Austrag der Bohrspäne bewirkt, und somit ein mehrmaliges Ansetzen bzw. Entspänen entfallen kann. Tiefbohrwerkzeuge werden vor allem im metallischen, teilweise aber auch im nichtmetallischen Bereich eingesetzt.Deep hole tools are preferably used in task-related machine tools for the introduction of holes, the drilling depth is mostly much larger than the bore diameter. They are generally designed so that a permanent coolant flow causes an uninterrupted discharge of the drill chips, and thus a repeated application or decoating can be omitted. Deep hole drilling tools are used primarily in the metallic, but also in the non-metallic area.

Einschlägiger Stand der Technik:Relevant prior art:

Tiefbohrwerkzeuge sind schon seit langem bekannt und werden primär jeweils nach den Bohrverfahren benannt, für die sie konzipiert wurden. Man unterscheidet zwischen dem ELB-Verfahren für Bohrungen im eher kleineren Durchmesserbereich, dem BTA-Verfahren für leistungsstärkere Bohr- und Aufbohroperationen und dem Ejektor-Verfahren für speziellen Spänerücktransport.
Vorteilhaft beim ELB-Bohrer ist der einfache Aufbau, gute Führungseigenschaften, und die leicht und oft nachschleifbare Kopfgeometrie. Nachteilig wirkt sich aus, dass der lange Bohrschaft wegen der ausserhalb abfliessenden Späne asymetrisch gestaltet und somit nicht optimal torsionssteif ist.
Beim BTA-Verfahren ist durch die Verwendung von runden Bohrrohren die Verdrehsteifigkeit optimal. Aufwendiger ist aber hier der Bohrkopfaufbau, und Nachteile liegen vielleicht auch darin, dass maschinenseitig mehr Aufwand für dieses Verfahren betrieben werden muss.
Die Ejektor-Anwendung kommt mit niedrigeren Kühlmitteldrücken aus, führt jedoch wegen der Doppelrohr-Technik bei kleiner werdendem Bohrdurchmesser zu Schwierigkeiten hinsichtlich der geometrischen Verwirklichung.Deep hole drilling tools have been known for a long time and are primarily named after the drilling methods for which they were designed. A distinction is made between the ELB method for holes in the rather smaller diameter range, the BTA method for more powerful drilling and drilling operations and the ejector method for special chip return.
The advantage of the ELB drill is the simple construction, good guiding properties, and the easy and often regrindable head geometry. A disadvantage is that the long drill stem is designed asymmetrically because of the outflowing chips and thus is not optimally torsionally rigid.
In the BTA process, the torsional stiffness is optimal through the use of round drill pipes. However, more complicated is the drill head construction, and disadvantages may also lie in the fact that more effort is required on the machine side for this method.
The ejector application manages with lower coolant pressures, but due to the double-pipe technique, leads to difficulties in terms of geometrical realization as the diameter of the drill becomes smaller.

Aufgabenstellung:Task:

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Bohrwerkzeug zu schaffen, das die wesentlichsten Vorzüge der drei gängigsten Arten von Tiefbohrwerkzeugen (wie bei „Stand der Technik“ genannt) in einem einzigen Werkzeug vereint.The invention has for its object to provide a drilling tool that combines the essential advantages of the three most common types of deep hole drilling tools (as in "state of the art" called) in a single tool.

Offenbarung der Erfindung:Disclosure of the invention:

Diese Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Anspruchs 1 (Hauptanspruch) gelöst, wonach ein Tiefbohrwerkzeug bereitgestellt wird, welches aus einem Bohrkopf (10), einem Zwischenträger (11) und einem Bohrrohr (12) besteht. Mögliche Varianten sind in Nebenansprüchen festgehalten und in den Ausführungsbeispielen nähers erläutert.This object is solved by the features of claim 1 (main claim), according to which a deep drilling tool is provided, which consists of a drill head ( 10 ), an intermediate carrier ( 11 ) and a drill pipe ( 12 ) consists. Possible variants are held in dependent claims and explained in the embodiments nähers.

Figurenlistelist of figures

1 shows in principle the construction of a deep drilling tool according to claim 1 with a homogeneous drill head ( 10 ), also known from the ELB process and preferably made of hard metal or ceramic, an intermediate carrier ( 11 ) and the drill pipe ( 12 ), both usually made of steel. The drill head may contain various types of coolant passages, among others 2 Holes ( 10 a ) 1 Drilling ( 10 b ) or non-circular passages ( 10 c ). The drill head is flattened roof-shaped at the end ( 10 e ) or conical ( 10 f ), whereby the latter can be precentered more easily in connection with the intermediate carrier (bonding / soldering / welding). The connection of the subcarrier ( 11 ) with the drill pipe ( 12 ) (gluing / soldering / welding) is conical, whereby the cone length is chosen so that no weak point arises depending on the used connecting material and the torsional rigidity at the connection of the drill pipe itself is not inferior.
2 shows more details at the transition from the drill head ( 10 ) to the intermediate carrier ( 11 ) and on the drill head ( 10 ) itself. Preferably with a geometrically adapted milling tool ( 20 ) the ELB typical chip discharge sector of the drill head ( 10 ) into the subcarrier ( 11 ) ( 20 a ) and ends trough-shaped ( 20 b ). With a countersink ( 21 ), the breakthrough in the inner area is widened so that the flow cross section from the drill head area is maintained. The inner diameter of the drill pipe ( 12 ) is cross-sectionally anyway with the drill head ( 10 ) Voted. The otherwise on ELB drill head ( 10 ) usual freewheels between the Führungsfasen be deepened as far as possible ( 22 a / 22 c ) or ground back to the outer pipe diameter ( 22 b ), and thus freedom for the coolant supply according to BTA principle created.
3 shows measures to optimize the coolant flow. Directly behind the drill head ( 10 ) are placed in the subcarrier ( 11 ) with a countersink ( 30 ) Wells ( 30 a ), which extends into the area of the coolant passages (eg. 10 a ) pass. The passages in the drill head ( 10 ) can be extended ( 31 ) and, slightly smaller ( 32 ), into the interior of the intermediate carrier ( 11 ). For the peripherally arriving coolant flow thus further ways are free: Once to the drill tip ( 31 ) and (a little bit smaller) backwards in the direction of the chip discharge ( 32 ). This reflux increases (and accelerates) the coolant flowing back from the cutting area together with the drilling chips, and thus reduces the risk of chip jamming in the transition from the intermediate carrier ( 11 ) to the drill pipe ( 12 ). It is the same principle as the ejector drilling method. By flattening ( 30 b ) on the intermediate carrier ( 11 ) to the recesses (30 a), the flow resistance is additionally reduced.
In 4 the modifications in terms of machining, manufacturing and connection technology are shown, which are listed as follows in the claims. If, due to the size of the drilling tools, indexable inserts and separate guide rails can be used ( 40 ), so of course eliminates the compulsion drill head ( 10 ) and subcarriers ( 11 ) separately. This is of course also valid for the "soldered" version ( 41 ). The result is primarily a common, independent body ( 42 ), for which in addition to the conventional production (turning, milling, drilling) also all possibilities of further production methods are open. In particular, the additive manufacturing process offer, even because of the often difficult to produce inner contours. Still separation point remains the connection drill head / drill pipe. In addition to the conical connection already described, however, the flat thread (BTA-boring) ( 43 ). However, it must be accepted here that the transmittable drilling torque is reduced to around 40% compared to the full pipe. Slightly more torque allows the conical threaded connection ( 44 ), whose load limit is still around 60% of the full pipe. Incidentally, the conical thread allows a further improvement of the chips and coolant return. One or more flats on the outer diameter ( 44 a ) cause here a further partial coolant return flow according to the ejector principle.

Vorteile der Erfindung:Advantages of the invention:

Neben dem einfachen Aufbau und den daraus resultierenden kostengünstigen Herstellungs- , Nachschleif- oder Neubestückungsmöglichkeiten wäre zu nennen, dass mit diesem Werkzeug durchmesserbezogen in Bereichen gearbeitet werden kann, die bisher nur kleinen Bohrwerkzeugen wie z. B. ELB-Vollhartmetallbohrern vorbehalten war. Die periphere Kühlmittelzuführung in Verbindung mit möglichen Ejektor-Teilströmen bewirkt die notwendige Durchspülung energiesparend bei wesentlich geringerer Druckvorgabe. Das runde Bohrrohr ist einfach belastbarer und ausserdem in Stützlünetten exakter zu führen, und selbst die bei langen Bohrrohren oft unverzichtbare Schwingungsdämpfung lässt sich am runden Rohr leichter realisieren. Auch das bei hohen Drehzahlen zu beobachtende Aufschwingen der ELB-Bohrrohre wegen ihres asymetrischen Querschnitts ist nun kein Thema mehr.In addition to the simple structure and the resulting cost-effective manufacturing, regrinding or re-assembly possibilities would be mentioned that can be worked with this tool diameter-related in areas previously only small drilling tools such. B. ELB solid carbide drills was reserved. The peripheral coolant supply in conjunction with possible ejector partial streams causes the necessary flushing energy-saving at much lower pressure setting. The round drill pipe is simply more resilient and more accurate in supporting steady rest, and even the vibration damping, which is often indispensable with long drill pipes, is easier to implement on a round pipe. Also, the swinging up of the ELB drill pipes observed at high speeds because of their asymmetrical cross section is now no longer an issue.

Claims

Deep drilling tool, consisting of: a cemented carbide or ceramic drill head (10) having inner channels for coolant supply (10 a, 10 b or 10 c) and a roof-shaped (10 e) or conical (10 f) end geometry, a round drill pipe with a conical opening (12) and a so-called intermediate carrier (11), which makes the connection (gluing, soldering, welding) of head and pipe.

Deep hole drilling tool after Claim 1 , characterized in that the usual between the drill guide-freeways (22 a, 22 b and 22 c) to beyond the intermediate carrier (11) are also pronounced out, up to the maximum tube outer diameter.

Deep hole drilling tool after Claim 1 , characterized in that the intermediate carrier (11) due to its geometric design coolant and chips from the chip space of the drill head (10) into the drill pipe interior (about 20 a, 20 b and 21 a) and at the same time flowing in the direction of drilling coolant through recesses (30 b) and recesses (30 a) distributed to both the drill tip (over 31) and the backwash enhancement (over 32).

Deep hole drilling tool after Claim 1 , characterized in that the drill head (10) and intermediate carrier (11) depict a common part (42), called in the sequence basic body.

Deep hole drilling tool after Claim 4 , characterized in that the base body (42) is provided with recesses for screwed (40) or soldered (41) cutting and guiding elements.

Deep hole drilling tool after Claim 4 , characterized in that the base body (42) constructed of conventional material and is provided only in the cutting and guiding zones with wear-resistant inserts, coatings or applications.

Deep hole drilling tool after Claim 4 , characterized in that the base body (42) is constructed entirely of a wear-resistant and cutable material.

Deep hole drilling tool after Claim 1 and Claim 4 , characterized in that the Intermediate carrier (11) or the base body (42) at the junction with the drill pipe (12) with industry standard flat thread (43) or a conical thread (44) is provided.

Deep hole drilling tool after Claim 8 , characterized in that the conical thread outside with one or more flats (44 a) is provided to below the core diameter.