DE102017002365A1 - Fridge and / or freezer - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a refrigerator and / or freezer with at least one body and with at least one arranged in the body cooled interior, the device having at least one refrigerant circuit, which serves to cool the interior, wherein the refrigerant circuit at least one evaporator, at least one Compressor, at least one condenser and at least one throttle, wherein at least one bypass is provided to the throttle, which extends directly or indirectly from the condenser to the evaporator and in which at least one valve for shutting off the bypass is arranged, wherein the evaporator and the Bypass are arranged and designed such that in the bypass and / or in the flow direction before and / or after this arranged components present a heat pipe effect.

Description

The present invention relates to a refrigerator and / or freezer with at least one body and at least one arranged in the body cooled interior, wherein the device has at least one refrigerant circuit, which serves to cool the interior, wherein the refrigerant circuit at least one evaporator, at least one compressor , at least one condenser and at least one throttle or capillary.

Such refrigerators and / or freezers are known in various embodiments from the prior art.

As part of the operation of such refrigerators or freezers it comes to the evaporator to icing, which causes the efficiency of the evaporator decreases. Therefore, there is a need to defrost the evaporator at certain intervals or at least when a certain amount of ice on the evaporator.

For this it is known from the prior art to arrange a heater directly to the evaporator, wherein it is in this heater z. B. can act to an electric heater.

It is also known from the prior art to perform a Heißgas Abtauung, by means of which hot refrigerant is passed into the evaporator. As a result, this is warmed up and de-iced in this way.

The present invention has the object of developing a refrigerator and / or freezer of the type mentioned in such a way that this has a particularly simple and efficient defrost heating.

This object is achieved by a refrigerator and / or freezer with the features of claim 1.

Thereafter, it is provided that the refrigerator and / or freezer has a no-frost functionality, which is formed by a bypass which runs as a bypass to the throttle or to the capillary, the bypass of the condenser directly or indirectly to runs the evaporator and is designed with at least one valve to shut off the bypass. This valve is closed when defrost is not desired and open when the evaporator is to be defrosted.

According to the invention, the evaporator and the bypass are arranged and designed such that there is a heat pipe effect in the bypass and / or this upstream and / or downstream components of the device.

By a heat pipe effect is meant that the refrigerant evaporates at the warm end of the heat pipe and condenses at the other end or in another area of the heat pipe and thereby gives off heat.

A heat pipe or a heat pipe represents a particularly efficient possibility of heat transport and serves in the present case to defrost the evaporator as needed or at certain times. The "heat pipe" is presently referred to by at least one bypass line, in the context of the invention, simply as a "bypass" and / or these upstream and / or downstream components, such as. B. line sections of the refrigerant circuit, wherein the bypass line extends in bypass to the throttle or capillary, which connects the condenser with the evaporator.

The heat pipe effect causes a particularly efficient heat transfer from the condenser to the evaporator.

The bypass can extend directly from the condenser to the evaporator or indirectly from the condenser to the evaporator, which means that the bypass is not located directly on the condenser or on the evaporator, but one or more elements of the refrigerant circuit and the device are interposed such as a refrigerant collector.

In a conceivable embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the bypass extends between the condenser and a collector downstream of the evaporator for the refrigerant.

During normal operation of the refrigerant circuit, the refrigerant passes from the evaporator to the collector, where liquid, non-evaporated refrigerant is collected, before passing the vaporized refrigerant into the compressor.

In a further embodiment of the invention it is provided that the collector is located inside or preferably outside of the cooled interior.

It is thus particularly preferred if the collector is mounted on the hot side, that is not in the cooled interior.

In this case, the bypass passes between the condenser and the said collector and from there the refrigerant passes through the suction line in the evaporator. Conversely, the reflux of the condensed refrigerant through the Suction line and the collector back to the condenser.

In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the bypass extends between the condenser and the suction pipe, which runs between the evaporator and the compressor.

It is conceivable that the bypass extends between the condenser and the suction pipe, which runs between the evaporator and the compressor.

In one embodiment of the invention, the collector is in the cooled interior.

Furthermore, it can be provided that the collector is located outside of the cooled interior.

According to a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the condenser communicates with at least one heat storage and is preferably arranged in a liquid bath, in particular in a water bath.

Thus, it is particularly preferred if the liquefier is in thermally conductive connection with at least one heat store, for example with a liquid bath and in particular with a water bath.

It is thus conceivable that the condenser is located within a liquid bath. During operation of the refrigerant circuit thus the Verflüssigerabwärme is delivered to the water bath, the water bath thus serves as a heat buffer and as a heat reserve for the defrosting of the evaporator or a heat exchanger on the evaporator.

It can further be provided that the evaporator is designed such that the reflux of the condensed refrigerant into the condenser takes place by gravity.

The liquefied in the context of the heat pipe effect refrigerant thus runs solely due to the effect of gravity back into the condenser and evaporated there again.

This process is continued as long as the condenser or the associated heat accumulator can release sufficient heat or until the valve or other blocking means of the bypass is opened.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the evaporator is thermally in communication with at least one cold storage, wherein the bypass is arranged so that the cold storage by means of the bypass heat can be supplied.

Again, it is conceivable that the bypass is directly or indirectly in communication with said cold storage. This cold storage may be, for example, a latent heat storage.

It is also widely possible to provide conveying means which are arranged in such a way that they convey air to and through the liquefier.

It is conceivable that these funding, which may be performed, for example, as one or more fans are turned off when the defrosting of the evaporator is running in order to provide the largest possible amount of heat available at the condenser and the heat dissipation by forced convection so small as possible.

It is also conceivable to run such a fan, especially if the room heat is to be used by means of the condenser. In this case, the room heat is ultimately transferred to the condenser, and fed directly or indirectly from the condenser by means of the heat pipe effect the evaporator.

Further details and advantages of the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawing.

Show it:

1 FIG. 2: shows a schematic longitudinal section through a refrigerator and / or freezer according to the invention in a first embodiment and FIG

2 : is a schematic longitudinal sectional view through a refrigerator and / or freezer according to the invention in a second embodiment.

1 shows by the reference numeral 10 the body of a refrigerator or freezer according to the invention.

The body can be designed with a full vacuum insulation system. By this is meant that between the inside or the inner container and the outer skin, or the outer jacket of the device a full vacuum insulation 20 located. This full vacuum insulation may consist of a foil bag in which a core material is located, such. B. Perlite. This foil bag is vacuum-tight welded at its open sides. There is a vacuum inside the foil bag so that the greatest possible heat transfer resistance is provided in the body. Alternatively or In addition, a corresponding full vacuum insulation in the closure element, that is in the door, flap or drawer of the device may be present.

In the context of the present invention, a full vacuum insulation is preferably understood to mean that the body and / or the closure element of the device consists of more than 90% of the insulating surface of a contiguous vacuum insulation space.

Preferably, no further thermal insulation materials are present except for the full vacuum insulation.

Typically, the envelope of the film bag is a diffusion-tight envelope, by means of which the gas input in the film bag is so greatly reduced that the gas entry-related increase in the thermal conductivity of the resulting Vakuumdämmkörpers is sufficiently low over its lifetime.

The life span is, for example, a period of 15 years, preferably 20 years and more preferably 30 years. Preferably, the increase in the thermal conductivity of the vacuum insulation body due to the introduction of gas is <100% and particularly preferably <50% over its service life.

Preferably, the area-specific gas passage rate of the casing is <10 ^-5 mbar · l / s · m ² and particularly preferably <10 ^-6 mbar · l / s · m ² (measured according to FIG ASTM D-3985 ). This gas passage rate applies to nitrogen and oxygen. For other types of gas (in particular water vapor), likewise low gas throughput rates are preferably in the range of <10 ^-2 mbar · l / s · m ² and particularly preferably in the range of <10 ^-3 mbar · l / s · m ² (measured according to ASTM F-1249-90 ). Preferably, the above-mentioned small increases in the thermal conductivity are achieved by these low gas passage rates.

The above values are exemplary, preferred indications which do not limit the invention.

However, the present invention is not limited to such Vollvakuumkühl- or freezers but also includes refrigerators or freezers with a conventional insulation, for example in the form of PU foam.

The reference number 30 indicates the evaporator of the device. This is located inside the refrigerated interior and is on the outlet side with the collector 40 in connection. From the collector, the suction line extends 50 to the compressor 60 ,

To the compressor 60 closes the condenser 70 on, of which the refrigerant in operation of the refrigerant circuit, that is the compressor 60 , over the capillary 80 back into the evaporator 30 flows. In the liquefier 70 a condensation of the refrigerant takes place, whereby heat is released. In the evaporator evaporation of the refrigerant takes place, whereby the cooled interior heat is removed.

The collector 40 The task is not evaporated refrigerant from the evaporator 30 catch up, so the compressor 60 only charged with gaseous refrigerant.

The reference number 110 Features a dryer around which the capillary 80 is wound, which connects the condenser outlet with the evaporator inlet.

With the reference number 90 a bypass is characterized, which extends from an outlet side of the condenser 70 to the collector 40 extends. In this line 90 is the shut-off valve 100 ,

If the evaporator is to be defrosted, the valve becomes 100 opened, which has the consequence that refrigerant from the condenser 70 through the pipe 90 in the collector 40 and from there into the evaporator 30 flows. Here is the evaporator and the bypass 90 and the collector 40 designed and arranged so that creates a heat pipe effect, that is, that liquid refrigerant evaporates and condenses in the evaporator. As a result, a particularly high amount of heat in the area of the evaporator can be dispensed, so that a particularly efficient defrosting of the evaporator takes place. During this process is the compressor 60 preferably switched off.

The heatpipe effect can be in the bypass 90 and / or in the collector 40 and / or in the evaporator 30 perform yourself.

Due to the heatpipe effect, a particularly high amount of heat is transported, so that a particularly efficient defrosting of the evaporator 30 he follows.

2 shows a further embodiment of the refrigerator or freezer according to the invention, wherein like reference numerals indicate the same or functionally identical elements as in 1 ,

The difference to 1 is that the collector 40 according to 2 in the warm Area, that is located outside the refrigerated interior. Like this 2 shows, is the collector 40 according to 2 below the floor and outside the refrigerated interior.

As another difference to 1 is to be mentioned that according to 2 also at the capillary 80 a shut-off valve 110 is arranged.

At the condenser, a heat storage can be arranged, which serves as a heat reserve for the defrosting of the heat exchanger at the evaporator. The heat exchanger on the evaporator can be designed for example as latent heat storage.

In addition to the in 1 and 2 shown elements may be provided at least one fan, which is an air flow through the condenser 70 generated. This fan can be switched off to warm up the condenser or to prevent the dissipation of heat by convection, which in case of defrosting the evaporator 30 is beneficial. It is also possible, depending on the temperature of the condenser to run the fan, especially if the condenser no heat storage, such as a water bath is arranged to room heat through the condenser to defrost the evaporator 30 to use.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited non-patent literature

• ASTM D-3985 [0044]
• ASTM F-1249-90 [0044]

Claims (12)

Cooling and / or freezer with at least one body and with at least one arranged in the body cooled interior, the device has at least one refrigerant circuit, which serves to cool the interior, wherein the refrigerant circuit at least one evaporator, at least one compressor, at least one condenser and at least one throttle, in particular capillary, characterized in that at least one bypass to the throttle is provided which extends from the condenser directly or indirectly to the evaporator and in which at least one valve for shutting off the bypass is arranged, wherein the evaporator and the bypass are arranged and configured such that a heat pipe effect is present in the bypass and / or in the flow direction before and / or after this arranged components. The refrigerator and / or freezer according to claim 1, characterized in that the bypass extends between the condenser and a collector downstream of the evaporator. The refrigerator and / or freezer according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the bypass extends between the condenser and the suction pipe, which extends between the evaporator and the compressor. Refrigerator and / or freezer according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the collector is in the cooled interior. Refrigerator and / or freezer according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the collector is outside the cooled interior. The refrigerator and / or freezer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the evaporator is designed such that the return flow of the condensed refrigerant from the bypass into the condenser is effected by gravity. Cooling and / or freezing appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the condenser is provided with at least one heat storage, which serves as a heat reservoir for defrosting the evaporator. The refrigerator and / or freezer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the condenser is in communication with at least one heat storage and is preferably arranged in a liquid bath, in particular in a water bath. The refrigerator and / or freezer according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the evaporator is in communication with at least one cold storage and that the bypass is arranged such that the cold storage by means of the bypass heat can be supplied. Refrigerating and / or freezing appliance according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that conveying means, in particular one or more fans are provided, which are arranged such that they convey air to the condenser. The refrigerator and / or freezer according to claim 10, characterized in that at least one control device is provided, which is designed to switch off the conveying means, when the defrosting of the evaporator takes place. Refrigerating and / or freezing appliance according to claim 10, characterized in that at least one control device is provided, which is designed to take the conveyor into operation or to be turned on when the defrosting of the evaporator takes place.

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