DE102016206845A1 - Motor vehicle with a pressure vessel for storing a fuel - Google Patents
Motor vehicle with a pressure vessel for storing a fuel Download PDFInfo
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- DE102016206845A1 DE102016206845A1 DE102016206845.8A DE102016206845A DE102016206845A1 DE 102016206845 A1 DE102016206845 A1 DE 102016206845A1 DE 102016206845 A DE102016206845 A DE 102016206845A DE 102016206845 A1 DE102016206845 A1 DE 102016206845A1
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- pressure vessel
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- fiber
- reinforced layer
- motor vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
- B60K15/073—Tank construction specially adapted to the vehicle
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
- B60K15/03006—Gas tanks
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C1/00—Pressure vessels, e.g. gas cylinder, gas tank, replaceable cartridge
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
- B60K15/00—Arrangement in connection with fuel supply of combustion engines or other fuel consuming energy converters, e.g. fuel cells; Mounting or construction of fuel tanks
- B60K15/03—Fuel tanks
- B60K15/063—Arrangement of tanks
- B60K2015/0635—Arrangement of tanks the fuel tank is arranged between the seats
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0109—Shape cylindrical with exteriorly curved end-piece
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
- F17C2201/01—Shape
- F17C2201/0104—Shape cylindrical
- F17C2201/0123—Shape cylindrical with variable thickness or diameter
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
- F17C2203/0604—Liners
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0639—Steels
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0636—Metals
- F17C2203/0646—Aluminium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/066—Plastics
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
- F17C2203/0665—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments radially wound
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
- F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
- F17C2203/0634—Materials for walls or layers thereof
- F17C2203/0658—Synthetics
- F17C2203/0663—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments
- F17C2203/067—Synthetics in form of fibers or filaments helically wound
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
- F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
- F17C2221/03—Mixtures
- F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
- F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/0115—Single phase dense or supercritical, i.e. at high pressure and high density
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0107—Single phase
- F17C2223/0123—Single phase gaseous, e.g. CNG, GNC
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
- F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
- F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
- F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
- F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
- F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
- F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
- F17C2270/00—Applications
- F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
- F17C2270/0165—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road
- F17C2270/0168—Applications for fluid transport or storage on the road by vehicles
- F17C2270/0178—Cars
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
Die hier offenbarte Technologie betrifft ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Druckbehälter 100 zur Speicherung eines Brennstoffs. Der Druckbehälter 100 weist einen Mittelbereich M zwischen seinen beiden Endbereichen E1, E2 mit einer geflochtenen und faserverstärkten Schicht 120 auf. Die faserverstärkte Schicht 120 im Mittelbereich M ist zumindest bereichsweise gegenüber anderen Bereichen des Druckbehälters 100 zurückversetzt ausgebildet. Der Druckbehälter 100 ist zumindest teilweise in einem Zentraltunnel 200 angeordnet oder bildet zumindest teilweise den Zentraltunnel 200 aus. Der Zentraltunnel 200 und/oder dessen Anbauten ragen in den zurückversetzten Bereich der faserverstärkten Schicht 120 hinein.The technology disclosed herein relates to a motor vehicle having a pressure vessel 100 for storing a fuel. The pressure vessel 100 has a central region M between its two end regions E1, E2 with a braided and fiber-reinforced layer 120. The fiber-reinforced layer 120 in the middle region M is designed to be set back at least in regions relative to other regions of the pressure vessel 100. The pressure vessel 100 is at least partially disposed in a central tunnel 200 or at least partially forms the central tunnel 200. The central tunnel 200 and / or its attachments protrude into the recessed area of the fiber reinforced layer 120.
Description
Die hier offenbarte Technologie betrifft ein Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Druckbehälter zur Speicherung eines Brennstoffs. Solche Druckbehälter sind i.d.R. zylinderförmig und haben Dom-Konturen, die im Wesentlichen Isotensoide beschreiben. Druckbehälter können vorteilhaft im Zentraltunnel von Fahrzeugen untergebracht werden. Solche Druckbehälter werden durch Faserwickeln hergestellt. Der Bauraum im Zentraltunnel wird an verschiedenen Stellen kritisch begrenzt. So begrenzen beispielsweise die aus Gründen der Ergonomie im Wesentlichen vorgegebenen Positionen des Gurtschlosses und des Fahrpedals den maximal möglichen Durchmesser eines zylinderförmigen Druckbehälters. Ein in Wickeltechnik hergestellter Druckbehälters mit variierenden Durchmessern hat den Nachteil, dass bei den kleineren Durchmessern, sich mehr Material anlagern wird als bei den großen Durchmessern. Diese ist jedoch genau gegensätzlich zu den Anforderungen, die sich aus der Festigkeit (z.B. Kesselformel) ergeben. Die gesteigerten Materialanlagerungen resultieren aus der Fadenführung bei der Wickeltechnik, die im Wesentlichen Geodäten folgen muss, um ein Abrutschen der Endlosfaserbündel ("rovings") zu verhindern. The technology disclosed herein relates to a motor vehicle having a pressure vessel for storing a fuel. Such pressure vessels are i.d.R. cylindrical and have dom-contours, which essentially describe isotensoid. Pressure vessels can be advantageously housed in the central tunnel of vehicles. Such pressure vessels are manufactured by fiber winding. The installation space in the central tunnel is critically limited at various points. For example, the positions of the buckle and the accelerator pedal which are essentially predetermined for reasons of ergonomics limit the maximum possible diameter of a cylindrical pressure vessel. A pressure vessel with varying diameters produced in winding technology has the disadvantage that, with the smaller diameters, more material will be deposited than with the larger diameters. However, this is exactly contrary to the requirements arising from the strength (e.g., kettle formula). The increased accumulation of material results from the thread guide in the winding technique, which must essentially follow geodesics to prevent roving of the continuous fiber bundles.
Es ist eine Aufgabe der hier offenbarten Technologie, die Nachteile der vorbekannten Lösungen zu verringern oder zu beheben. Weitere Aufgaben ergeben sich aus den vorteilhaften Effekten der hier offenbarten Technologie. Die Aufgabe(n) wird/werden gelöst durch den Gegenstand des Patentanspruchs 1. Die abhängigen Ansprüche stellen bevorzugte Ausgestaltungen dar. It is an object of the technology disclosed herein to reduce or eliminate the disadvantages of the prior art solutions. Other objects arise from the beneficial effects of the technology disclosed herein. The object (s) is / are solved by the subject matter of
Die hier offenbarte Technologie betrifft Kraftfahrzeug mit einem Druckbehälter zur Speicherung von Brennstoff. Der Druckbehälter kann in einem Kraftfahrzeug eingesetzt werden, das beispielsweise mit komprimiertem („Compressed Natural Gas“ = CNG) oder verflüssigtem (LNG) Erdgas oder mit Wasserstoff betrieben wird. Ein solcher Druckbehälter kann beispielsweise ein kryogener Druckbehälter oder ein Hochdruckgasbehälter sein. Hochdruckgasbehältersysteme sind ausgebildet, im Wesentlichen bei Umgebungstemperaturen Brennstoff (z.B. Wasserstoff) dauerhaft bei einem max. Betriebsdruck (auch maximum operating pressure oder MOP genannt) von über ca. 350 barü (= Überdruck gegenüber dem Atmosphärendruck), ferner bevorzugt von über ca. 500 barü und besonders bevorzugt von über ca. 700 barü zu speichern. Der kryogene Druckbehälter kann Brennstoff im flüssigen oder überkritischen Aggregatszustand speichern. The technology disclosed herein relates to motor vehicles having a pressure vessel for storing fuel. The pressure vessel can be used in a motor vehicle, which is operated for example with compressed ("compressed natural gas" = CNG) or liquefied (LNG) natural gas or with hydrogen. Such a pressure vessel may be, for example, a cryogenic pressure vessel or a high-pressure gas vessel. High pressure gas container systems are designed to maintain fuel (e.g., hydrogen) at ambient temperatures substantially at a max. Operating pressure (also called maximum operating pressure or MOP) of about 350 barü (= overpressure relative to the atmospheric pressure), further preferably of about 500 barü and more preferably of about 700 barü store. The cryogenic pressure vessel may store fuel in the liquid or supercritical state.
Der Druckbehälter kann einen Liner umfassen. Der Liner ist der Hohlkörper, in dem der Brennstoff gespeichert ist. Der Liner kann beispielsweise aus Aluminium oder Stahl oder aus deren Legierungen hergestellt sein. Ferner bevorzugt kann der Liner aus einem Kunststoff hergestellt sein oder es kann auch ein linerloser Druckbehälter vorgesehen sein. The pressure vessel may include a liner. The liner is the hollow body in which the fuel is stored. The liner may for example be made of aluminum or steel or of their alloys. Further preferably, the liner may be made of a plastic or it may also be provided a linerless pressure vessel.
Der Druckbehälter umfasst mindestens eine geflochtene und faserverstärkte Schicht. Die faserverstärkte Schicht kann einen Liner zumindest bereichsweise umgeben. Zweckmäßig erstreckt sich die faserverstärkte Schicht über den gesamten Mittelbereich bzw. Mantelbereich M und ragt in die Endbereich hinein, die hier auch als gewölbte Flächen, insbesondere Isotensoide, ausgebildet sind. Die faserverstärkte Schicht wird oft auch als Laminat bzw. Ummantelung oder Armierung bezeichnet. Nachstehend wird meistens der Begriff „faserverstärkte Schicht“ verwendet. Als faserverstärkte Schicht kommen i.d.R. faserverstärkte Kunststoffe (auch FVK bzw. FKV abgekürzt) zum Einsatz, bspw. kohlenstofffaserverstärkte Kunststoffe (CFK) und/oder glasfaserverstärkte Kunststoffe (GFK). Die faserverstärkte Schicht umfasst zweckmäßig in einer Kunststoffmatrix eingebettete Verstärkungsfasern. Insbesondere Matrixmaterial, Art und Anteil an Verstärkungsfasern sowie deren Orientierung können variiert werden, damit sich die gewünschten mechanischen und/oder chemischen Eigenschaften einstellen. Als Verstärkungsfasern werden Endlosfasern eingesetzt, die durch Flechten aufgebracht werden bzw. wurden. The pressure vessel comprises at least one braided and fiber reinforced layer. The fiber-reinforced layer may surround a liner at least partially. Expediently, the fiber-reinforced layer extends over the entire middle region or jacket region M and projects into the end region, which are here also designed as curved surfaces, in particular isotensoids. The fiber reinforced layer is often referred to as a laminate or armor. Hereinafter, the term "fiber-reinforced layer" is usually used. As a fiber reinforced layer i.d.R. Fiber-reinforced plastics (also abbreviated to FVK or FKV), for example carbon fiber reinforced plastics (CFRP) and / or glass fiber reinforced plastics (GRP). The fiber-reinforced layer suitably comprises reinforcing fibers embedded in a plastic matrix. In particular, matrix material, type and proportion of reinforcing fibers and their orientation can be varied so that the desired mechanical and / or chemical properties are established. The reinforcing fibers used are endless fibers which have been applied by braiding.
Der Druckbehälter weist einen Mittelbereich M auf, der zwischen seinen beiden Endbereichen E1, E2 angeordnet ist. Die Endbereiche werden auch als Dome bezeichnet. Der Mittelbereich M ist in der Regel rotationssymmetrisch und zumindest abschnittsweise als zylindrische Mantelfläche ausgebildet. Der Mittelbereich weist zumindest bereichsweise eine geflochtene und faserverstärkte Schicht auf. The pressure vessel has a central region M, which is arranged between its two end regions E 1 , E 2 . The end regions are also referred to as domes. The middle region M is generally rotationally symmetrical and at least partially formed as a cylindrical lateral surface. The middle region has, at least in regions, a braided and fiber-reinforced layer.
Der Druckbehälter ist zumindest teilweise in einem Zentraltunnel des Kraftfahrzeuges angeordnet oder er bildet den Zentraltunnel aus. The pressure vessel is at least partially disposed in a central tunnel of the motor vehicle or it forms the central tunnel.
Die faserverstärkte Schicht ist im Mittelbereich M zumindest bereichsweise gegenüber anderen Bereichen des Druckbehälters zurückversetzt ausgebildet. Mit anderen Worten weisen z.B. bei einem rotationssymmetrischen Druckbehälter mit kreisrunden Querschnitten die zurückversetzten Bereiche des Mittelbereiches M einen geringeren Außendurchmesser auf als andere Bereiche. Insbesondere die Bereiche, die im montierten Zustand des Druckbehälters im Zentraltunnel nicht durchmesserkritisch sind. The fiber-reinforced layer is recessed in the middle region M, at least in regions, with respect to other regions of the pressure vessel. In other words, e.g. in a rotationally symmetrical pressure vessel with circular cross sections, the recessed areas of the central area M have a smaller outside diameter than other areas. In particular, the areas that are not diameter critical in the mounted state of the pressure vessel in the central tunnel.
Der Zentraltunnel und/oder dessen Anbauten ragen in den zurückversetzten Bereich der faserverstärkten Schicht hinein. The central tunnel and / or its extensions protrude into the recessed area of the fiber reinforced layer.
Der Mittelbereich M weist Bereiche mit unterschiedlichen Flechtwinkel und/oder Bindungsarten auf, insbesondere derart, dass sich im Mittelbereich M gleichmäßige bzw. gleichmäßigere Spannungen einstellen. Die verschiedenen Bindungsarten (z.B. Köper, Leinwand, etc.) sind beispielsweise in dem einleitenden Teil der
Die Schichtdicke der faserverstärkten Schicht kann variiert werden, indem die Flechtrichtung umgekehrt wird. Im Mittenbereich M können in Bereichen mit konstantem Durchmesser Umfangslagen (engl. hoop layers) angeordnet sein. Die Umfangslagen verlaufen in Umfangsrichtung U des Druckbehälters und sind in einem Winkel von nahe 90° zur Druckbehälterlängsachse A-A orientiert. Innerhalb einer Lage der faserverstärkten Schicht können Bereiche mit variierendem Druckbehälterdurchmesser geflochtene Bereiche sein und Bereiche mit konstantem Druckbehälterdurchmesser gewickelte Bereiche. The layer thickness of the fiber reinforced layer can be varied by reversing the braiding direction. In the middle region M, hoop layers can be arranged in areas of constant diameter. The circumferential positions extend in the circumferential direction U of the pressure vessel and are oriented at an angle of close to 90 ° to the pressure vessel longitudinal axis A-A. Within a layer of the fiber reinforced layer, regions of varying pressure vessel diameter may be braided regions and regions of constant pressure vessel diameter may be wound regions.
Mit anderen Worten werden die einzelnen Endlosfäden ineinander gewoben und damit gegenseitig verschränkt. Die Fadenführung ist hier vorteilhaft im Wesentlichen unabhängig von Geodäten. Durch die Variation des Flechtwinkels, der "Bindung" (Leinwand, Köper, etc.) und die Umkehrung der Flechtrichtung kann die Schichtdicke in weiten Grenzen variiert und optimal an die Festigkeitsanforderungen angepasst werden. Die Druckbehälterform mit variierenden Durchmessern im Mittelbereich ermöglicht die maximale Nutzung des Bauraums und die Berücksichtigung von Einschränkungen. Die Herstellung in Flechttechnik kann eine sehr fasereffiziente Ausnutzung und die optimale Anpassung an die Festigkeitsanforderungen ermöglichen. In other words, the individual filaments are woven into each other and thus interlocked. The thread guide is advantageous here essentially independent of geodesics. By varying the braiding angle, the "bond" (canvas, twill, etc.) and the reversal of the braiding, the layer thickness can be varied within wide limits and optimally adapted to the strength requirements. The pressure vessel shape with varying diameters in the middle area allows the maximum use of the installation space and the consideration of restrictions. The production in braiding technique can allow a very fiber-efficient utilization and optimal adaptation to the strength requirements.
Insgesamt kann sich ein bezüglich Fassungsvermögen und Materialaufwand optimierter Druckbehälter ergeben. Overall, a pressure vessel optimized with regard to capacity and cost of materials can result.
Die hier offenbarte Technologie wird nun anhand der schematischen
Der Druckbehälter
Der Zentraltunnel
Die vorhergehende Beschreibung der vorliegenden Erfindung dient nur zu illustrativen Zwecken und nicht zum Zwecke der Beschränkung der Erfindung. Im Rahmen der Erfindung sind verschiedene Änderungen und Modifikationen möglich, ohne den Umfang der Erfindung sowie ihrer Äquivalente zu verlassen. The foregoing description of the present invention is for illustrative purposes only, and not for the purpose of limiting the invention. Various changes and modifications are possible within the scope of the invention without departing from the scope of the invention and its equivalents.
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
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DE102016206845.8A DE102016206845A1 (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2016-04-22 | Motor vehicle with a pressure vessel for storing a fuel |
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DE102016206845.8A DE102016206845A1 (en) | 2016-04-22 | 2016-04-22 | Motor vehicle with a pressure vessel for storing a fuel |
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