DE102016124870A1 - Wheel suspension for a wheel of a vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The disclosure relates to a wheel suspension (100) for a wheel (101), which is rotatable about a steering axis (103), with a wheel spring (105) for the wheel suspension, wherein the wheel spring (105) has a first longitudinal axis (107) with an elastic spring element (109) which has a second longitudinal axis (111), wherein the elastic spring element (109) is arranged with respect to the wheel spring (105) such that a projection (201) of the first longitudinal axis (107) onto a projection plane (203 ) and a projection (205) of the second longitudinal axis (111) on the projection plane (203) are at an acute angle to one another.

Description

The present disclosure relates to a wheel suspension for a wheel of a vehicle, in particular of a motor vehicle.

For the Radfederung in a vehicle usually wheel springs are used, which are usually attached to the wheel side and the vehicle body side. In addition to the Radfedern Radlenker, for example, control arm or wishbone used to adjust a geometry of the suspension, such as a wheel track or a camber.

Here, a steering axle of a wheel, as defined for example in the standard DIN 7000 and often referred to as the King Pin axle, depends on the, set by the Radlenker geometry of the suspension. In this case, a difference between the orientation of the wheel spring and the course of the steering axle, in particular in multi-link systems, worsen the dynamic driving characteristics of a vehicle.

It is therefore the object of the present invention to improve the driving characteristics of a vehicle.

This object is solved by the features of the independent claim. Advantageous embodiments are the subject of the description, the figures and the dependent claims.

The present disclosure is based on the finding that the above object can be achieved by a, in addition to a wheel spring used, elastic spring element, which is ideally aligned in the direction of the steering axis.

According to a first aspect, the disclosure relates to a wheel suspension for a wheel, which is rotatable about a steering axis, with a wheel spring for the wheel suspension, wherein the wheel spring has a first longitudinal axis, with an elastic spring element having a second longitudinal axis, wherein the elastic spring element with respect to the wheel spring is arranged such that a projection of the first longitudinal axis on a projection plane and a projection of the second longitudinal axis on the projection plane at an acute angle to each other. From this geometric condition results in a, relative to the other elements of the suspension advantageous arrangement of the elastic spring element. The forces acting during the suspension of the suspension along the steering axis forces are absorbed by the elastic spring element in an advantageous manner.

In the working range of the elastic spring element, shear forces and torsional forces can act on the chassis elements, in particular on the handlebars, in addition to compressive forces. This can lead to increased mechanical stress on the chassis elements, in particular it can lead to reduced performance in strain and life tests.

In one embodiment, the elastic spring element is a Bumpstop or a pressure stop, which has an end stop. The end stop limits the spring capacity of the elastic spring element and / or the wheel spring. If the end stop of the elastic spring element is reached, in addition forces acting on the elastic spring element are transmitted to the further elements of the wheel suspension and / or the vehicle construction of the vehicle.

In one embodiment, the steering axis extends in the projection plane. In addition, the projection plane may be defined by a spring receiving point. Thus, the projection plane can be clearly defined and used as a default for the positioning of the elastic spring element: The power transmission to the elastic spring element is advantageously carried out when the longitudinal axis of the elastic spring element as parallel as possible to the projection plane or the projection of the longitudinal axis of the elastic spring element includes the smallest possible angle with the steering axle.

The steering axis can be determined in a first approximation geometrically over the intersections of the upper and lower arms of a suspension or with a numerical method.

In one embodiment, the angle between the projection of the longitudinal axis of the elastic spring element and the steering axis is on average as small as possible. In this case, the orientation of the steering axle at different degrees of deflection of the suspension with respect to the orientation of the steering axle in an unloaded state of equilibrium of the suspension vary, since the relative position of the suspension elements can change each other.

In one embodiment, the spring element is arranged so that both in a sprung state, as well as in the unloaded state of balance of the suspension, an improved power transmission of, acting along the steering axis forces on the elastic spring element.

In one embodiment, the steering axle is a kingpin axle. The King Pin Axis be a virtual axis without a corresponding element of the suspension.

In one embodiment, the elastic spring element is arranged inside the wheel spring, in particular introduced into the wheel spring or the elastic spring element is arranged laterally of the wheel spring. A laterally arranged, elastic spring element can be realized as a separate shock absorber leg with its own pickup points on the wheel and / or on the vehicle body of the vehicle.

In one embodiment, the elastic spring element can be mounted on a wheel carrier or on a wheel link or on an axle frame or on a vehicle body, in particular supported.

In one embodiment, the elastic spring element is cylindrically shaped.

Due to the compressibility of the elastic spring element, an increase in diameter of the elastic spring element can occur when the elastic spring element is loaded, which can be used to advantage, since with increasing compression along the longitudinal axis of the elastic spring element the contact surface also increases and the spring effect of the elastic spring element does not increase abruptly Changing the suspension behavior of the entire suspension must result.

In one embodiment, the elastic spring element is disposed within the wheel spring and has a cylindrical shaft which merges into a connecting portion, wherein the connecting portion has a larger diameter than the cylindrical shaft, and wherein the connecting portion laterally a circumferential groove for, at least partially, Receiving a spring coil of the wheel spring to hold the elastic spring element by the spring coil.

In one embodiment, the elastic spring element is arranged laterally of the wheel spring and the wheel spring and the elastic spring element are attached to the wheel side.

In one embodiment, the elastic spring element on the wheel, on the vehicle body, in particular on an axle or on a frame or on a Radlenker, even in the middle, are attached.

In one embodiment, the spring element is formed of an elastic plastic, in particular of elastomer, rubber or polyurethane, in particular integrally molded. Foamed or cellular, elastic materials are particularly advantageous which, due to their compressibility, have a smaller increase in diameter under load and can therefore assume a smaller installation space.

In one embodiment, the elastic spring element is a torsion spring, in particular a helical spring.

In one embodiment, the suspension has a multi-link arrangement, wherein the steering axle is defined by the multi-link arrangement. The Radlenker can for example form a double wishbone, which is composed of three links. A double wishbone is composed for example of an upper control arm, a lower arm and a steering arm in the middle.

In one embodiment, the multi-linkage arrangement comprises two upper tie rods, in particular camber linkage, and two lower tie rods, in particular wishbones, which are arranged below the upper link arms, wherein the longitudinal axes of the upper linkage intersect at a first crossing point, wherein the longitudinal axes of the lower linkage intersect at a second intersection, and wherein the steering axis passes through the first intersection and through the second intersection. This multi-link arrangement is realized in particular as part of a multi-link rear axle.

In one embodiment, the multi-link arrangement is a double wishbone arrangement, with an upper wishbone and a lower wishbone, wherein the upper wishbone is fastened on the wheel side by means of a first bearing, wherein the lower wishbone can be fastened on the wheel side by means of a second bearing, and wherein the steering axle is determined by a connecting axle which connects the first bearing and the second bearing.

In one embodiment, the first longitudinal axis is the primary compression axis of the wheel spring and the second longitudinal axis is the primary axis of action of the elastic spring element. The spring travel of the wheel along the second longitudinal axis may be limited by the elastic spring element, in particular at maximum deflection of the wheel.

In one embodiment, the elastic spring element is designed to cause an increasing spring force with increasing compression of the elastic spring element in the direction of the second longitudinal axis.

Especially in the area of the maximum deflection of the wheel spring, the elastic Spring element cause an amplification of the spring performance. In this case, the elastic spring element preferably has progressive spring properties, so that the spring force increases linearly or nonlinearly with increasing compression.

• 1 eine Radaufhängung gemäß einer Ausführungsform;
• 2 eine Radaufhängung gemäß einer Ausführungsform;
• 3 eine Radaufhängung gemäß einer Ausführungsform;
• 4 eine Draufsicht einer Querlenkeranordnung; und
• 5 eine Seitenansicht einer Querlenkeranordnung.

Further embodiments of the disclosure will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

• 1 a suspension according to an embodiment;
• 2 a suspension according to an embodiment;
• 3 a suspension according to an embodiment;
• 4 a plan view of a wishbone assembly; and
• 5 a side view of a wishbone arrangement.

1 shows a schematic side view of a suspension 100 for a wheel 101 around a steering axle 103 is rotatable, with a wheel spring 105 for the wheel suspension, the wheel spring 105 a first longitudinal axis 107 has and with an elastic spring element 109 for the reinforcement of the wheel suspension, which has a second longitudinal axis 111 having. The wheel spring 105 is via a spring receiving point 127 connected to the vehicle body of the vehicle.

Furthermore, there are two wheel cams 119 . 120 and two wishbones 121 . 122 Part of the suspension 100 , In particular, form the intersection 123 the wheel latch handlebar 119 , 120 and the intersection 125 the wishbone 121 . 122 a steering axle 103 , The handlebars can each be with the wheel 101 and / or connected to the vehicle body.

In an advantageous embodiment, the wheel spring 105 and the elastic spring element 109 in each case via separate, in particular mounted, receiving points with the wheel 101 or connected to the vehicle body. The point of intersection 123 and / or the intersection 125 may be outside the physical dimensions of the struts 119, 120, 121 and 122 and may then be formed by virtual extension of the longitudinal axes of the Radlenker.

In an advantageous embodiment, the orientation of the elastic spring element 109 with increasing deflection of the wheel spring 105 adjusted so as to take a picture along the steering axis 103 resulting forces is realized by the elastic spring element 109.

2 shows a schematic representation of a suspension 100 , This spans the steering axle 103 with the spring receiving point 127 a projection plane 203 on which intersections with the first longitudinal axis 107 and the second longitudinal axis 109 having. The longitudinal axis 107 can be at the projection level 203 be projected so that the projection 201 results. Furthermore, the longitudinal axis 111 on the projection level 203 be projected and the result is the projection 205 , In the projection plane 203 can now, between, the projection 201 and the projection 205 209 included angle, between, the projection 201 and the steering axle 103 included angles 207 and that, between the projection 205 and the steering axle 103 included angles 211 be determined.

In an advantageous embodiment, the angle 211 smaller than the angle 207 , Thus, the elastic spring element 109 with an alignment along the second longitudinal axis 111 a, compared to an alignment along the first longitudinal axis 107, larger proportion of, along the steering axis 103 acting, absorbing forces. As a result, the transmission of power from the wheel to the suspension and, consequentially, the dynamic suspension characteristics can be improved.

In an advantageous embodiment, the elastic spring element 109 Shearing and / or torsional forces acting on the handlebars 119 . 120 . 121 and 122 along the steering axis 103 act, reduce. The smaller the difference between the orientation of the steering axle 103 and the longitudinal axis 111 the elastic spring element 109 The more efficient the transmission of forces along the steering axle 103 on the elastic spring element 109 be.

3 shows a schematic mounting position of a spring assembly 300 in a suspension 100 , In this case, the elastic spring element 109 disposed within the wheel spring 105, in particular in the wheel spring 105 introduced. The cylindrically shaped, elastic spring element 109 is at an angle to the wheel spring 105 arranged wherein the deviation of the orientation of the elastic spring element 109 to the orientation of the wheel spring 105 through the inner diameter of the wheel spring 105 is limited. The orientation of the elastic spring element 109 is thereby by the longitudinal axis 111 determined and the orientation of the wheel spring 105 is thereby by the longitudinal axis 107 certainly.

In one embodiment, a positive and / or non-positive connection between the wheel spring 105 and elastic spring element 109 through a connecting section 303 the elastic spring element 109 , which laterally a, at least partially circumferential groove 305 for taking a turn 307 the wheel spring 105 has realized. In this case, the connection section 303 a larger diameter than the cylindrical shaft 301 the elastic spring element 109 on.

4 shows a schematic plan view of a double wishbone arrangement 400 and 5 shows a schematic side view of the same double wishbone arrangement 400 , The double wishbone arrangement 400 is from an upper wishbone 401 and a lower wishbone 403 educated.

In one embodiment, the lower arm is 403 designed as a two-point handlebar with separate, stored mounting points on the wheel 101 and on the vehicle body.

In one embodiment, the lower arm is 403 designed as a three-point handlebars.

In one embodiment, the steering axle 103 through the receiving points of the handlebars 401 and 403 on the wheel 101 be set.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100

Arm

101

wheel

103

steering axle

105

wheel spring

107

First longitudinal axis

109

spring element

111

Second longitudinal axis

119

First upper bumper handlebar

120

Second upper bumper handlebar

121

First lower wishbone

122

Second lower wishbone

123

First crossing point

125

Second crossing point

127

Spring receiving point

200

Axle

201

First projection

203

projection plane

205

Second projection

207

angle

209

angle

211

angle

300

spring assembly

301

Cylindrical shank

303

connecting portion

305

Circumferential groove

307

spring coil

400

Double wishbone arrangement

401

First upper wishbone

403

Second upper wishbone

Claims (14)

Wheel suspension (100) for a wheel (101) which is rotatable about a steering axis (103), comprising: a wheel spring (105) for the wheel suspension, wherein the wheel spring (105) has a first longitudinal axis (107); an elastic spring element (109) which has a second longitudinal axis (111), wherein the elastic spring element (109) is arranged with respect to the wheel spring (105) such that a projection (201) of the first longitudinal axis (107) onto a projection plane (203 ) and a projection (205) of the second longitudinal axis (111) on the projection plane (203) are at an acute angle to one another. Suspension (100) to Claim 1 wherein the steering axle (103) extends in the projection plane (203). A suspension (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the steering axle (103) is a kingpin axle. Wheel suspension (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the elastic spring element (109) within the wheel spring (105) arranged, in particular in the wheel spring (105) is inserted, or wherein the elastic spring element (109) arranged laterally of the wheel spring (105) is. Suspension (100) to Claim 4 , wherein the elastic spring element (109) on a wheel carrier or on a Radlenker or on an axle frame or on a vehicle body storable, in particular supported, is. A suspension (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the resilient spring member (109) is cylindrically shaped. A suspension (100) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the resilient spring member (109) is disposed within the wheel spring (105) and has a cylindrical shaft (301) which merges into a connecting portion (303), the connecting portion (303) larger diameter than the cylindrical shaft (301), and wherein the connecting portion (303) laterally a circumferential groove (305) for, at least partially receiving a spring coil (307) of the wheel spring (105) to the elastic spring element (109) by the spring coil (307) to hold. Suspension (100) according to one of Claims 1 to 6 wherein the elastic spring element (109) is arranged laterally of the wheel spring (105), and wherein the wheel spring (105) and the elastic spring element (109) are fastened on the wheel side. Wheel suspension (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the spring element (109) made of an elastic plastic, in particular made of elastomer, rubber or polyurethane, shaped, in particular integrally molded. Wheel suspension (100) according to one of the preceding claims, comprising a multi-link arrangement, wherein the steering axle (103) is defined by the multi-link arrangement. Suspension (100) to Claim 10 , wherein the multi-link arrangement comprises two upper wheel links 119 and 120, in particular wheel catches, and two lower wheel links 121 and 122, in particular transverse links, which are arranged below the upper wheel links 19 and 120, the longitudinal axes of the upper link arms being in a first crossing point ( 123), the longitudinal axes of the lower links intersecting at a second intersection (125), and wherein the steering axis (103) passes through the first intersection (123) and the second intersection (125). Suspension (100) to Claim 10 wherein the multi-link arrangement is a double wishbone arrangement (400), comprising an upper wishbone (401) and a lower wishbone (403), wherein the upper wishbone (401) is attachable to the wheel by means of a first bearing (405), the lower wishbone (403 ) is attachable to the wheel by means of a second bearing (407), and wherein the steering axis (103) is determined by a connecting axis which connects the first bearing (405) and the second bearing (407). The suspension (100) of any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first longitudinal axis (107) is the primary compression axis of the wheel spring (105) and wherein the second longitudinal axis (111) is the primary axis of action of the resilient spring element (109). Wheel suspension (100) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the elastic spring element (109) is adapted to cause a, with increasing compression of the elastic spring element (109) in the direction of the second longitudinal axis (111) increasing spring force.

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