DE102016119546A1 - Signaling device and device - Google Patents

Abstract

The subject matter of the present invention relates to an apparatus and a method for learning and / or improving movement sequences, in particular for learning and / or improving posture and / or impact movements, comprising the steps: providing at least one sensor (30) for detecting at least one part a movement, defining a desired movement sequence and / or a permissible deviation from a desired movement sequence, detecting the actual movement sequence to be learned or to be improved by means of the at least one sensor (30), comparing the actual movement sequence with the desired movement sequence and outputting at least one signal in dependence from a deviation of the actual movement sequence from the desired movement sequence, wherein the output of the signal takes place during the course of the movement, so that a feedback to the actual movement sequence possibly takes place during the course of the movement and / or wherein the output signal as a function of a Deviation of the actual movement from the desired movement sequence varies at least in terms of intensity, time and / or frequency. Furthermore, the subject of the present invention relates to a use, a computer program, a computer program product and a system (100) for this purpose.

Description

The invention relates to a method for learning and / or improving motion sequences, in particular for learning and / or improving postures and / or impact movements, according to claim 1.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a device for learning and / or improving movement sequences, in particular for learning and / or improving posture and / or impact movements according to claim 4.

The invention also relates to a use of a method according to the invention and / or a device according to the invention for learning and / or improving motion sequences according to claim 7.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a computer program comprising program code means for carrying out a method according to the invention.

Moreover, the invention relates to a computer program product comprising program code means which are stored on a computer-readable medium in order to carry out a method according to the invention when the program runs in a computer, according to claim 9.

Last but not least, the invention relates to a system for learning and / or improving movement sequences, in particular for learning and / or improving posture and / or impact movements according to claim 10.

Video analyzers and other analyzers for correcting and / or analyzing motion sequences are well known in the art. For example, signal devices for learning a stroke, swing or a movement with a corresponding impact device such as a tennis racket or a golf club are known. Such signaling devices can be detachably attached to the corresponding impact device and emit an acoustic signal depending on the execution of the shock.

From the US 5,340,102 A is a whistle that produces a first whistling sound when correctly performed forehand or backhand movement and a second whistling sound when properly performed topspin movement. The resonator body is designed here as a cylinder open on both sides with a vibration generator at one end and is pivotally mounted in the holding device.

From the DE 37 41 927 A1 is a whistle for attachment to sports equipment, known as rackets. The latter has a body with a through-passage through it and is able to generate a whistling sound as a consequence of the flow of air through the through-passage. The body has a holding device for releasably holding the whistle to a sports device, wherein the passage recess is aligned to some extent to the direction of movement of the sports equipment to push the ambient air through the passage recess and to produce a whistling sound when the sports equipment in a flip-flop is swung. The whistle is designed as a training aid for the development of audiomuscular coordination to improve the impact performance. In the known pipe whose resonant body with two openings in acoustic operative connection. The one opening points in the direction of impact, the other opening in the opposite direction. Both openings are provided with funnel-shaped air inlets. With this whistle only forehand movements and backhand movements can be practiced irrespective of the correct topspin technique.

From the US 9,358,442 A1 a tennis racket is known with a measuring system. The measuring system comprises a sensor mounted on the tennis racket for detecting movement sequences. Furthermore, several movements are analyzed to determine possible deviations. The method used is designed for a subsequent analysis. Immediate feedback via an output unit is not disclosed.

From the US 2005/0288119 A1 is a golf club with sensor known, in which real-time data is collected. The output of the acquired data or an evaluation of the acquired data takes place subsequently optically via a display.

Such analyzers either allow only a subsequent correction of a sequence of movements (for example, video analysis) or generate a noise, which is generated by the mechanical movement and thus can not be subsequently analyzed more.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a method, a device, a use, a computer program, a computer program product and a system, in which a real-time feedback to a user takes place, wherein the feedback is also retrievable or evaluable later and which thus have an improved function and an improved design and improve comfort.

These and other objects are achieved by a method according to claim 1, a Apparatus according to claim 4, a use according to claim 7, a computer program according to claim 8, a computer program product according to claim 9 and a system according to claim 10.

Advantageous developments of the invention are indicated in the dependent claims or are given below in connection with the description of the figures.

The invention includes the technical teaching that in a method for learning and / or improving movement sequences, in particular for learning and / or improving posture and / or impact movements, it is provided that it comprises the steps of providing at least one sensor for detection at least one part of a movement, defining a desired movement sequence and / or a permissible deviation from a desired movement sequence, detecting the actual movement sequence to be learned or to be improved by means of the at least one sensor, comparing the actual movement sequence with the desired movement sequence and outputting at least one signal in dependence from a deviation of the actual movement sequence from the desired movement sequence, wherein the output of the signal takes place during the course of the movement, so that a feedback to the actual movement sequence still takes place during the course of the movement and, if necessary, a correction takes place during the course of the movement n, or can be evaluated and adapted immediately thereafter and / or wherein the output signal varies depending on a deviation of the actual movement sequence from the desired movement sequence at least in terms of intensity, time and / or frequency.

In one embodiment of the invention it is provided that the at least one sensor is arranged on the subject executing the movement.

In another embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the degree of deviations of the actual movement sequence from the desired movement sequence is output by means of different signals.

The invention also includes the technical teaching that in a device for learning and / or improving movement sequences, in particular for learning and / or improving posture and / or impact movements, it is provided that this comprises means for carrying out a method according to the invention and in particular comprising: at least one sensor for detecting at least a part of a movement, at least one memory area for defining a desired movement sequence and / or a permissible deviation from a desired movement sequence, at least one memory area for storing the actual movement sequence to be learned or to be improved by the at least one sensor, at least one comparison area for comparing the actual movement sequence with the target movement sequence and at least one output unit for outputting at least one signal as a function of a deviation of the actual movement sequence from the target movement sequence, wherein the Output unit and the areas are formed such that an output of the signal during the movement takes place, so that a feedback on the actual movement still takes place during the movement and possibly a correction during the movement can be made and / or wherein the output unit and / or the areas are designed such that the output signal varies in dependence on a deviation of the actual movement sequence from the desired movement sequence at least in terms of intensity, time and / or frequency.

In one embodiment, it is provided that the at least one sensor is designed for attachment to the subject performing the movement.

In a further embodiment, it is provided that the at least one output unit and / or the regions are embodied such that the degree of deviations of the actual movement sequence from the desired movement sequence can be output by means of different signals.

In addition, the invention includes the technical teaching that a use of a method according to the invention and / or a device according to the invention for learning and / or improving movement sequences, in particular for learning and / or improving postures and / or shock movements is provided, in particular a feedback to a deviation of an actual movement sequence to a desired movement sequence still takes place during the movement sequence, in particular due to electronically or electrically detected and / or generated signals.

Moreover, the invention includes the technical teaching that a computer program is provided, comprising program code means for performing all the steps according to the inventive method, when the program is executed on a computer.

In addition, the invention includes the technical teaching that a computer program product is provided, comprising program code means stored on a computer-readable medium are to perform the inventive method when the program is running in a computer.

Not least, the invention includes the technical teaching that in a system for learning and / or improving movement sequences, in particular for learning and / or improving posture and / or impact movements, it is provided that the means for carrying out the method according to the invention and / or a device according to the invention, as well as a computer program and / or a computer program product are detected, wherein the motion sequence is detected by means of a mounted on a tennis racket, a golf club or another sports racket or sports equipment or on a garment or a user sensor and an acoustic signal during of the course of motion is made available so that auditory re-afferences are made available, which can then be used as online feedback.

The movement or the movements can be any movement. For example, a sequence of movements is a sequence of at least two body postures, for example in the case of a jump, during running or the like. In another embodiment, a movement is a more complex movement, such as a racket stroke, such as a tennis strike, golf stroke, ice hockey shot, or the like.

For the detection of a sequence of movements, thus at least two postures at different times, at least one sensor is provided. The sensor is designed to detect a movement sequence. For this purpose, the sensor is designed in one embodiment as an acceleration sensor. This detects, for example, an experienced by the sensor acceleration. Therefore, the sensor is preferably disposed at a position where the movement is to be detected. For example, to detect a jump, the sensor is attached to at least a portion of the user's body and / or clothing, such as a head, arm, leg or the like. In another embodiment, the sensor is arranged on and / or in a racket, for example in a tennis racket frame, in a golf club head or the like. The sensor is arranged such that it does not affect the movement. Preferably, when attached to a racket or the like, a tare unit is provided which balances an unwanted weight deviation by the sensor. Preferably, the sensor is as close as possible to the center of a racket or impact device.

In one embodiment, a sensor is provided. In another embodiment, a plurality of sensors are provided. When providing a plurality of sensors, the sensors are preferably identical. In another embodiment, the sensors are at least partially formed differently.

Instead of a motion sensor or in addition, other suitable sensors can be provided. For example, in one embodiment, an inertial sensor is provided. Such an inertial sensor is designed to determine its position in space. In one embodiment, this includes a magnetic field sensor, an acceleration sensor and a gyroscope. By means of the gyroscope a rotation measurement is possible.

Additional sensors may additionally or alternatively be pressure sensors, position sensors, shape sensors, stretch marks, piezocrystal strips, pressure distribution films or the like. Different types of sensors can be provided.

At least one sensor is preferably arranged by means of a damping unit on the impact device to reduce unwanted vibrations of the sensor. In this way, the sensor is protected against vibrations that could falsify the detection of movements, speeds, accelerations, etc. In another embodiment, the sensor may be formed as a vibration damper for tennis rackets and the like. This can then be easily arranged in the string image of the tennis racket.

In order to convey to a user a feedback regarding the executed motion sequence or actual movement sequence from a desired movement sequence, in particular in real time, a desired movement sequence is defined. The desired movement sequence is preferably stored in a memory area for defining a desired movement sequence and / or an allowable deviation from a desired movement sequence and can also be called up by this. To define a desired movement sequence, this is programmed in one embodiment or retrieved from a memory and transferred to the memory area. In another embodiment, the target movement sequence is performed by a selected user by performing the target movement sequence. In this respect, it is possible to switch between a detection mode in which the actual movement sequence is detected and a definition mode in which the desired movement sequence is predetermined or defined. The desired movement sequence is preferably predetermined or defined by means of vector data.

To define the desired movement sequence, first a calibration, calibration and / or a reference point or position determination is performed. For example, during a calibration, a desired movement sequence is carried out and it is checked whether the sensor also acquires the data for the desired movement sequence. For example, a target motion sequence for calibration can be performed at a speed of 100 km / h. It is then checked whether the sensor detects the speed correctly. If not, the sensor is recalibrated. For determining the position or reference point, the user or the impact device is moved to a reference position. In a striker, for example, this is placed on the floor. Thus, a tennis racket can be laid flat on the ground to determine a reference position. The reference position defines a coordinate system for the sensor or the device so that motion data can be acquired and / or programmed or defined in relation to this defined coordinate system. All movement data can then be detected or defined relative to the original position of the racquet / user / sports device. Once the user and / or the bat has taken the reference position, this position is detected by the sensor or sensors, for example by a signal. The signal can for example be triggered via a button, by voice command or in any other way. Depending on the reference position, a desired movement sequence can be defined. If, for example, a striker assumes a preferred position or position when lying down on a level ground, then in one embodiment the desired movement is predetermined as a function of this preferred position, for example by relative references to this reference position. The data of the actual movement sequence are preferably stored or stored in vector data. The desired-actual comparison between desired and actual movement is preferably carried out on the basis of the stored vector data.

The sensor is designed for data transmission. For example, the sensor is designed for wireless data transmission. Accordingly, the sensor transmits the acquired data to a storage area, a comparison area and / or another unit. In other embodiments, the sensor and the other units are integrated and wired transmission occurs. For example, the device can thus be wired and / or wirelessly connected to a mobile telephone or another mobile or stationary evaluation unit (laptop, PC).

After setting up the target movement sequence, the system switches over to the acquisition mode so that the device is ready for learning. In one embodiment, the sensor is designed such that it permanently collects data. In another embodiment, the sensor is switched on and off, so that an interrupted data acquisition is realized. The switching on and off is done manually in one embodiment, for example by pressing a corresponding signal generator such as a button switch or the like. In another embodiment, the detection takes place, for example, motion-controlled or position-controlled. Thus, the device or the sensor turns on or off depending on the movement sequence. In this case, the trigger for switching on and / or off can be a speed, an acceleration, a rotation, a height change or the like. Also, the device or the sensor can be remotely turned on and off. In another embodiment, the switching on and / or off is time-controlled. For example, the sensor turns on or off at a certain time and / or after a certain time. The timing controller is coupled to a motion controller in one embodiment. Thus, in one embodiment, on / off, for example, 10 seconds without movement of the sensor.

The power supply of the sensor via a corresponding energy source. The movement sequence is stored in one embodiment in a memory area. The memory area is formed in one embodiment as a volatile memory or temporary memory, which is deleted after transmission of the acquired data. In another embodiment, the memory is designed as a permanent memory in which the data remain stored up to an explicit clear signal, for example, for later evaluation.

In order to determine a deviation of the actual movement sequence from the desired movement sequence, a tolerance range or an area for a permissible deviation must be defined. This deviation can be defined, for example, by carrying out several desired movements. Additionally or alternatively, the deviation can be programmed or specified otherwise. For example, in one embodiment, the deviation is defined as a deviation of coordinates or rotation about coordinate axes. The deviation can be defined, for example, in x, y and / or z-axis as a percentage deviation. Furthermore, in another embodiment, the deviation can be defined over an admissible angle of rotation about the x, y and / or z axis. In yet another embodiment, the deviation is defined as a deviation from a speed and / or acceleration. Any combinations are also possible.

In a comparison area, the data of the actual movement sequence are compared with the data of the target movement sequence, possibly under Consider the data for a deviation. If the deviation is within a permissible tolerance range or alternatively outside a permissible tolerance range, a corresponding action is started. The action provides for the output of a signal depending on the deviation. The signal can be any signal. Preference is given to the output of an acoustic signal or a plurality of acoustic signals. In other embodiments, other signals are additionally or alternatively output, for example optical signals.

The comparison and the output of the output signal, for example an acoustic signal or a visual signal, takes place in real time or with a maximum delay time of a few milliseconds, for example in a range of less than 10 milliseconds (ms), more preferably of less than 5 ms and most preferably less than 2 ms. As a result, a user still receives feedback during the execution of the movement sequence as to whether the movement process carried out by him is within a tolerance range or outside. Due to this feedback, it is still possible for the user during the course of the movement to correct it, if necessary.

For the comparison of the actual data with the desired data, at least one memory area is provided for defining the desired movement sequence or the data for the desired movement sequence. The data may be attitude coordinates, acceleration data, velocity data, vibration data and / or rotation data, as well as any other data required to record motion sequences. The data of the desired movement sequence are stored in the corresponding memory area and can be retrieved later, corrected and or overwritten if necessary. This memory also stores the data for the deviation.

Furthermore, a memory area for defining the actual movement sequence or the data for the actual movement sequence is provided. The data may be attitude coordinates, acceleration data, velocity data, vibration data and / or rotation data, as well as any other data required to record motion sequences. The data of the actual movement sequence are stored in the corresponding memory area and can be retrieved later, corrected and or overwritten if necessary.

Furthermore, a comparison area is provided. In the comparison area, the data for the actual movement sequence is compared with the data for the target movement sequence, taking the data for the deviation into account. If the actual motion sequence or its data is within or outside a permissible range, depending on the setting, a signal is generated. It can be set whether a signal is generated when a tolerance range is exceeded or when the data of the actual motion sequence are within the tolerance range. The signal is then output via a corresponding signal generator or another output unit. The output unit may be a speaker, a light signal transmitter or another signal generator. In one embodiment, a plurality of signal generators are provided so as to achieve, for example, a spatial effect.

In one embodiment, the memory areas, the comparison area and / or the output unit are integrated. For example, in one embodiment, the areas and the unit are integrated as a mobile telephone. In other embodiments, the regions and the unit are at least partially formed separately.

In order to indicate the degree of deviations of the actual movement sequence from the desired movement sequence, the signal generator or the output unit is designed such that the degree of deviation is output in the form of different signals or varying signals. The signals themselves can be of different types, for example once as an acoustic signal and once as an optical signal. In another embodiment, the signals are of the same type and differ, for example, in terms of their frequency and / or their intensity (volume, brightness). A duration of the signals can vary as desired. For example, the signal takes place during the entire movement sequence. In another embodiment, the signal is carried out during the entire duration of the deviation from the desired movement sequence. In yet another embodiment, a signal is already given before and / or after the movement sequence, for example in order to indicate operational readiness and / or to provide feedback before and / or after the executed movement. So the signal can act as a reminder or as a reward signal. The signal is designed as an uninterrupted signal in one embodiment. In another embodiment, the signal is executed as an interrupted signal. A combination is also possible. Further, a plurality of signals can be output by the signal unit, for example, before a movement, an interrupted signal and during the movement sequence or during a deviation from the target movement, an uninterrupted signal. Again, various combinations are executable. The variation of the signal takes place in one embodiment as a function of a speed and / or acceleration with which the actual movement is carried out. The sensor carried along with the movement acquires the corresponding data and a signal is generated / output which, for example, has a higher frequency and / or volume at a high speed and a lower frequency / volume or intensity at a lower speed. The signal is varied as a function of the deviation of the desired movement sequence from the actual movement sequence. In one embodiment, when the deviation is large, a louder and / or higher-frequency acoustic signal can be heard than with a smaller deviation. In another embodiment, the situation is reversed, depending on the setting. Preferably, the signal is an acoustic signal. The signal is generated, for example via an evaluation unit such as a mobile phone with a corresponding app. The output unit is preferably designed as an acoustic output unit. The varying of the signal is preferably continuous, that is without frequency and / or intensity jumps. In another embodiment, the varying of the signal is not continuous but, for example, in jumps. The frequency jumps are uniform in one embodiment, that is, there is a corresponding change in frequency by the same amount with each jump. In another embodiment, the cracks are uneven. The jumps are given in one embodiment. In another embodiment, the jumps vary. Preferably, a frequency range of the signals is within a range perceivable by the user. For an acoustic signal, the frequency range for human users is preferably between about 20 Hz and 20 kHz. For a visual signal, the frequency range of the signal or signals is preferably in the range of about 789 THz to 384 THz for a human user, that is, in a light range having wavelengths from about 380 nm to about 780 nm. Other frequencies may be different for other users be provided. If additional receptions are used, other frequencies perceptible to the respective receiver may be used. Preferably, the deviations are grouped and each grouping assigned a different signal. In one embodiment, it is provided that the signal varies if the actual movement sequence does not take place closer to the desired movement sequence over a plurality of movement sequences with the same desired movement sequence, ie the deviation is not reduced. An actual movement sequence is always assigned a desired movement sequence. The actual movement sequence can be repeated several times, whereby the desired movement sequence remains the same. The tolerance range around the target movement sequence, that is, the range in which an actual movement sequence still applies as acceptable or gleichzusetzten with the target movement sequence is adjustable. The signal is varied or changed at least with regard to one parameter. Preferably, an acoustic signal is varied with respect to its frequency and / or its intensity. The same applies to a visual signal or a combination of visual and acoustic signal.

In order to obtain as accurate as possible data about the actual movement sequence, the sensor is arranged at corresponding points on the subject or object executing the movement sequence. In one embodiment, the sensor is arranged on a club head of a percussion device, for example a tennis racket, a golf club or the like. But an arrangement on a paddle, oars, bow or other sports equipment is conceivable. Also, the sensor can be attached directly to the user, for example on the skin of corresponding muscle parts to capture their movement and the overall movement of the user. In yet another embodiment, the sensor is disposed on the clothing of the user. The sensor can be arranged separately on the clothing or be already integrated in the clothing attached.

The device can be designed as a signaling device, in particular a signaling device for a percussion device such as a tennis racket, a golf club or the like, for signal generation during a movement of the signaling device. The signaling device comprises a sensor which detects a movement. Furthermore, an evaluation unit is provided which generates a signal electrically or electronically as a function of the movement. To attach the sensor to the striker, the signal device comprises a holding device.

In another embodiment, it is provided that the holding device is designed for example as a clip, clip or the like. For a percussion device, the device or at least the sensor is embedded in the racket or integrated with it.

By means of the sensor, for example, a velocity of impact in the vertical or in the vertical / frontal plane can be detected. A striking speed range depends on the skill of each player. Trained players hit with a higher impact speed, so in a higher impact speed range. Untrained players hit with a lower impact speed, ie in a lower impact speed range. Accordingly, a tolerance range or a deviation is adjustable or programmable.

The device is formed in one embodiment as a striker, for example, as a tennis racket, golf clubs, hockey sticks and the like or as a garment into which the Sensor, the areas are integrated, possibly also the output unit. In one embodiment, the components have corresponding interfaces for communication with other components.

A system in one embodiment may include various racquets, such as a tennis racket, a golf club, a table tennis racket, a baseball bat, a hockey stick, or the like. In one embodiment, the system comprises a garment. In the garment at least the sensor is integrated in one embodiment. Preferably, an evaluation unit is likewise integrated with memory areas and comparison area. In one embodiment, the sensor comprises the memory areas and the comparison area as well as a transmission interface. A signal can be transmitted via the transmission interface, for example to a mobile telephone, which can then output a signal.

In an exemplary embodiment, the system comprises a striker designed as a tennis racket. A sensor is attached to the racket. Preferably, a sensor is disposed in the racket, more specifically the racket frame. The racket is placed on the ground in definition mode. When the racket is in a resting position on the ground, it is defined as a reference or resting position, for example by pressing a button on the racket and / or the sensor, or alternatively by remote control, for example via an app via mobile telephone or the like is transmitted. The sensor has for this purpose a corresponding receiving unit. The reference position is defined in one embodiment via its coordinate detection as a horizontal position or initial or reference position. To define a range of motion, when a signal such as a sound is output, as soon as an actual movement corresponds to a desired movement, possibly taking into account deviations, starting from the reference position, for example, defines an angular range in which the actual movement is still in the tolerance range lies. For this purpose, at least the detection of the movement sequence in the X coordinate direction is required. More specifically, at least the direction of movement and / or the intensity of the movement in the X-axis are detected and evaluated. In a preferred embodiment, a motion vector is detected and / or predetermined. The motion vector is designed as a vector which is detected when the movement sequence is carried out in a room over a predetermined period of time and which comprises at least one component in an x-direction and a component in y-direction and / or z-direction, starting from a output X component. The vector pointing from the detected x-output component in the detected x-y direction, x-z-direction or x-y-z-direction is referenced to the data from the calibration process. This is done by dividing the motion vector by the horizontal in the x and y directions in the calibration (reference position). The evaluation takes place over the comparison area. This is done for all detected vectors and / or motion. By detecting or specifying the data at least in the direction of the X-axis, a strike against a ball forward and a return movement (back) can be defined. For a definition of a forehand strike or backhand stroke, the position of the bat during the stroke movement is to be grasped. For example, in the case of a blow, the head of a right-handed user tilts to the lower right. The hitting hand, which holds the bat, is closer to the body than the sensor (for example, viewed from the rear to the left of the sensor). In the case of a backhand stroke, the striking hand is located on the other side (in the example on the right) of the sensor. In addition, a tilt to the left is detected. By means of the corresponding detection of the inclination, it is therefore also possible for the sensor or the device to detect which impact - forehand or backhand - was practiced. It is only a right-handed or left-handed entry required. The device has a corresponding input option. When using the method, the input left-handed / right-handed is taken into account accordingly. By recording the movement sequence can also realize a tracking.

Preferably, in the embodiment, a sound signal is output. The type of sound signal can be selected, for example via the computer program (App) or other input options. In addition, you can set from when the sound should sound, so for example, depending on the impact speed. For example, the area in which a sound or other signal is to be output is specified in steps or preprogrammed. The user can then choose between different areas, for example via the computer program (App). In other versions, the user can choose a smooth transition or define areas themselves. After a blow can be switched to a mute mode. For this purpose, a corresponding mute switch is provided, either on the sensor / device or software by means of the computer program. In this mode, the meeting time is detected due to a change in the speed or acceleration of the sensor or the club at the time of the meeting, at least in the X direction. Alternatively, the meeting time can be detected by detecting the string image in an impact of the ball. When mute mode is activated, the sound output until then is muted or "muted".

Alternatively or additionally, tracking (location tracking) can be used to detect how many times a forehand, a backhand, a serve, or any other specific beat to be learned has reached the target range. By repeatedly reaching the target range, the deviation or a changed target range can be specified. Here the sensor can be recalibrated / adjusted or the tolerance range adjusted when a certain number of hits are reached (reaching the setpoint range). The deviation is reduced in one embodiment. The reduction in one embodiment is symmetrical to a source region. In another embodiment, the adaptation is carried out asymmetrically to an original tolerance range or a predetermined deviation range. That is, depending on which edge of the target range the actual motion sequence is farther away, the adjustment is made stronger from the farther edge. The area is changed asymmetrically. If the actual movement sequence lies approximately in the middle in the area defined by the desired movement sequence, a symmetrical change of the edges takes place. In the latter case, both margins are adjusted by about the same amount. In the Asymmetric case, only one edge is adjusted, or both edges with a different amount. The adaptation preferably takes place automatically, so that a self-learning adaptation is provided. The adaptation can be done as part of a learning program. Here are several lessons planned. Repeatedly mastering a lesson then, for example, retrieves another lesson, for example with a smaller range of deviation. If this is mastered successfully, the next lesson will take place, again with a narrower deviation range. If a lesson is not fulfilled, it will stay at the current level / lesson or, if necessary, switch back one level / lesson. On the basis of the recorded data, in one embodiment, an achieved twist on the ball is determined or output.

For this purpose, a corresponding evaluation unit is provided. This determines the spin due to impact speed, impact acceleration and / or tracking data.

Preferably, it is provided in the system that realized by means of a sensor and an evaluation unit, for example via a corresponding software or a computer program. is, a signal when reaching a desired movement, if necessary, taking into account a deviation is output.

In another embodiment, it is provided that the sensor is designed in the form of pressure, position and / or shape sensors. These are integrated into clothing, preferably underwear or longsleeves, tights or shorts. The sensors are provided above all in the shoulder area, in the chest area and / or in the spinal area on the back. Other areas are also conceivable. The sensors are flexible and adapt to the current posture. For the application, the user assumes a desired posture, in particular with back and / or shoulder. Accordingly, the sensors also assume this desired posture. This desired body posture, comparable to the desired movement sequence, is defined as a reference position, similar to that described above. The sensors now record the further movement sequence. Based on the predetermined deviation in connection with the desired movement sequence, a comparison is performed. With a corresponding deviation and depending on the degree of deviation, a signal is output. Preferably, the degree of deviation is grouped and each group is assigned a specific signal. The signals differ, for example, in terms of intensity and / or frequency and are freely selectable or adjustable in one embodiment. In a sequence of movements that is critical, for example, because it is located in a hazardous area, a warning signal can be issued, which is not variable, for example.

The sensors are formed, for example, as piezocrystal strips, which are incorporated in a material that does not conduct electricity, preferably in strip form. These sensors are then incorporated into the clothing, for example in underwear, there preferably in the area of the spine, the shoulder area or near other body parts. Since the piezocrystals react to mechanical pressure, they give an electrical stimulus to a pressure resulting therefrom due to an actual movement. These stimuli are measurable and are detected, for example, by means of a suitable measuring device. The captured data is then forwarded to a computer program or other signaling device, such as a mobile phone with appropriate app. The transfer preferably takes place via Bluetooth, ie wirelessly, but in other embodiments can also be wired. A corresponding signal is generated. Instead of piezocrystals and stretch marks can be used, which are formed in a strip or in the manner of a wire and are processed into clothing. The wire is stretched or compressed accordingly in an actual movement. When stretched or compressed, the conductivity of the expansion strip changes, which is detected. The change in conductivity is processed accordingly and a corresponding signal is output. Yet another embodiment provides that the sensors is designed as a pressure distribution film. The operation is similar to that described above. From a detected actual movement becomes a Signal generated, which outputs after evaluation a corresponding signal, preferably one tone or several tones.

It is preferably provided that the device has a sensor which is formed membrane-free. The sensor is designed as a motion sensor, which detects accelerations, movements, speeds, changes in position and the like, preferably without a diaphragm. In one embodiment it is provided that the device is free of output units which output visual signals. In a preferred embodiment, the device outputs only acoustic signals via the output unit.

In one embodiment, the output signal varies during a course of motion to be learned. Preferably, the signal varies continuously during the movement. In another embodiment, the signal varies abruptly, for example due to a grouping of motion sequence data.

In a further preferred embodiment, it is provided that the method and / or the device or the system is self-learning.

In one embodiment, a reference movement or a desired movement sequence or a plurality of reference movements or desired movement sequences are recorded, defined and / or stored in the corresponding memory area. The comparison unit or another evaluation unit, for example an app or a corresponding other computer program, then determines the current individual status of the user in which a plurality of actual movement sequences are analyzed or at the beginning a start movement sequence of the user or the club is analyzed. The evaluation unit or another arithmetic unit forms an adjustment from the desired and actual movement sequences and sets a suitable training level, depending on the skill of the user, i. depending on the degree of deviations of the actual movements of the predetermined target movement. Using the data recorded by the sensors, here the acceleration sensors, an average value is formed. The mean value can be formed both from a plurality of desired movement sequences or reference movements and / or from a plurality of actual movement sequences.

One embodiment of a system is provided in the field of tennis sports. The at least one sensor is arranged on the racket. It will be a reference hit or several reference hits are made, for example by a coach. Alternatively, stored data of a reference beat are fed or programmed. Then, several actual movement sequences are performed by the respective user and their data is determined. From the data an average value is calculated. The data is preferably in the form of vector data or vector motion data. In this way, for example, the level of the swing speed in X and Y direction of the vector is determined. The X direction is a horizontal direction. The Y direction is a direction preferably at right angles to the X direction, preferably a vertical direction. After evaluation of the data and possibly determination of a deviation of the data of the desired movement sequences and the actual movement sequences, a suitable level is set. That is, the deviation or the tolerance range is adjusted accordingly. In another embodiment, a further part of a desired movement sequence is released or added for the detection of the actual movement sequence. Thus, a focus can be placed on partial movement sequences and further parts are only detected after mastering a specific partial or basic movement sequence. For a suitable or suitable stage, for example, a limitation of a minimum and / or a maximum of acceleration detection is included an actual movement for an X-threshold and / or a Y-threshold acceleration for the output of an acoustic signal adaptable. An adaptation to various training increases is thus possible without changing a sensor and / or a signal unit. A preselection of a particular unit, as in a prior art whistle, which is set only for a training level, is thus not required. The device is variable adjustable for different users at different levels.

In another embodiment, the system or the method and / or the device is / are provided in the area of fitness.

By a default, preferably a manual specification, a training weight, a permissible deviation or a tolerance range is predefined. The deviation is set, for example, depending on a training weight, such as a weight of a dumbbell or the like. A higher weight or a higher load level by a fitness device means a higher risk for the user. Therefore, a deviation or tolerance range is set or specified narrowly. In addition to a specification with regard to the weight or the load level, it is also possible to specify a default with regard to the number of actual movement sequences to be carried out. This applies to all embodiments. For example, in a deadlift, but also in all other applications, multiple actual movements can be detected and from this one Reference movement can be determined. This preferably averaged reference movement is then compared with the desired movement sequence. From the comparison, a deviation from the desired movement sequence is detected or determined. On the basis of the determined actual deviation, the predefined deviation or the predefined tolerance range is adapted so that the deviation in the actual movement sequence is specifically reduced. The adaptation of the desired deviation or the predetermined tolerance range can be done manually or based on the data determined by the evaluation unit. With this method, the learning of a movement is independent of the level of performance controllable, so that, for example, in the field of fitness to be trained movement with small weights as well as with large weights trainable.

The method is preferably implemented in a computer program, in particular in an app. In addition to the training of the motion sequences, movement sequences can also be stored and tracked on the basis of the memory areas and the suitable sensors. For example, weights, repetitions and the like can be stored and retrieved by means of tracking as tracking data. This tracking data may then be provided in one embodiment for time-objected training. Thus, individual training data can be transmitted to a device, so that the device adjusts the appropriate load to the user and a user does not have to set the devices manually. In this case, for example, after a successful check of the system, whether the actual movements of a new training session with the data on the previously performed in another training session stored motion data match, the level is still met and then provide additional training levels (weight increase, faster ball speed, more repetitions, short sequence of movements etc.)

In another embodiment, the system is intended for sprint training. The procedure is similar to the previous procedure. A reference run is recorded or several reference runs are recorded. Possibly. an average value is formed and / or a reference movement sequence is defined from the reference runs. For example, the maximum speed reached is determined. In another embodiment, a holding curve of the maximum speed will additionally and / or alternatively be determined. This data is recorded, for example, in a V-t diagram, a V-S diagram, that is to say as a ratio of speed to time and / or speed to the distance. The data can also be recorded in tabular form or in another form and output. Other data such as times, times to reach the maximum speed, etc. can be detected. Alternatively or in combination, also partial movement sequences such as arm movement, leg movement and the like can be detected. To train specific goals can be set. For example, the desired movement sequence can be specified. For this purpose, depending on the reference value, the desired movement sequence can be predetermined such that a maximum speed, a knee lift, an arm movement, a maximum speed hold time, a total time, and / or a time to reach the maximum speed are specified. The tolerance range or the deviation can then be specified by the desired movement sequence. This can be set asymmetrically around the desired movement sequence and, in one embodiment, can have an area shifted only upwards or downwards. For example, the target movement sequence can be specified as the lower limit to be exceeded during the actual movement. In one case, the device would output a signal if a maximum speed is not reached, provided that the maximum speed is exceeded but no further signal is output or a varied signal is output. Here, the tolerance range would only be upwards, ie towards higher speeds. In another embodiment, the device may suggest a suggestion for training partial movement sequences, for example a workout with a higher knee lift, a longer hold time of the maximum speed or similar. So then, for example, the maximum speed can be kept lower but kept a little longer. Here are different combinations imaginable or available. In order to avoid overstraining the user, an overload warning level is provided in one embodiment.

In a further embodiment, further reference variables are recorded in addition to the sensor data. In one embodiment, benchmarks of the training terrain or the surrounding terrain are captured. In a tennis court this could be for example a net, a line or the like. In figure skating or ice hockey a gang. In other sports, a basket, a gate, a grandstand, a hall roof, a box, a display panel and the like. The detection can be done via the sensor. The detection can also be done separately, for example via a separate detection unit. This is then coupled to the evaluation unit. The detection of the external reference variables takes place, for example, optically, so that the detection unit is provided as an optical detection unit. The data concerning the external reference variables can also be programmed or specified differently. The reference quantities can be correlated with the data of the acceleration sensor, so that, for example, it is easy to calculate whether a forehand or a backhand is performed.

In one embodiment, a sensor is provided which communicates with an external evaluation unit. The data acquired by the sensor are preferably transmitted wirelessly, for example by radio, Bluetooth or another wireless transmission option, to the evaluation unit. The evaluation unit can be designed as any hardware unit with a corresponding CPU, corresponding memory and the like. The evaluation unit can be set, operated or controlled either via an integrated operating unit and / or via an external unit, for example a mobile phone, a tablet, a notebook, voice control or the like. The evaluation unit generates a signal (optical, visual, etc.) in accordance with the data specified in the evaluation unit or its memory areas and the target / actual comparison. The evaluation unit is preferably arranged at a location in which there are few obstacles for a wireless data transmission to the sensor. In a tennis system, the sensor is mounted in and / or on the sports equipment, the user and / or the clothing. The evaluation unit is preferably attached to a tennis net. In order to distinguish whether a movement sequence to be detected or a partial movement sequence is present, various parameters are taken into account in the evaluation unit. For example, the position data of the sensor or a speed, an acceleration, a rotation or the like can be used. In the case where a speed is used, a speed threshold is given. Other thresholds are also conceivable. Since a stroke is regularly carried out at a higher speed than a return movement and the recovery movement is not to be detected, the movement is detected only when reaching a predetermined speed. Several parameters can be combined, for example speed and position or direction of movement of the sensor. In the case of an arrangement of the evaluation unit on a tennis net, for example, the evaluation unit can easily classify movement away from the evaluation unit as a retrieval movement and possibly leave it out of account. Movements to the evaluation unit can be classified as impact, for example. In this way, less data is required for an evaluation. The evaluation unit then generates the corresponding signal. This can be output directly from the evaluation unit. Alternatively or in combination, the signal may be output from an external or separate output unit. For this purpose, the evaluation unit sends a corresponding signal to the output unit or output device. Accordingly, the evaluation unit and all connected or connected units on corresponding interfaces. Possible interfaces include Bluetooth, radio and optical cables and the like. For example, a connection can be made via an AUX socket and the like. The interfaces or the connections are designed such that a real-time signal output can take place. Thus, output times of less than 10 ms are possible, preferably in the range of 1 ms. The output signal is then varied according to the deviation. Varying the signal does not involve turning on and off a fixed signal, such as light. Rather, a variation of the signal comprises changing the switched-on signal, in particular such that this change is also perceptible to a user. Also, the switching on and off of two different light sources whose signal is not changeable per se, is not to be provided with variation of the signal or the signals, since the output signal is not varied. Turning on and off various signals that output after switching an altered signal, in particular a perceptible changed signal, however, are included. A variation can also be realized, for example, by dimming a light signal.

Further measures which improve the invention are specified in the subclaims or emerge from the following description of at least one exemplary embodiment of the invention, which is shown schematically in the FIGURE. All resulting from the claims, the description or the drawing features and / or advantages, including design details, spatial arrangement and method steps may be essential to the invention both in itself and in a variety of combinations. In the figures, the same or similar components are identified by the same or similar reference numerals.

• Fig. schematisch eine Ausführungsform eines System zum Erlernen und/oder Verbessern von Bewegungsabläufen, insbesondere zum Erlernen und/oder Verbessern von Körperhaltungen und/oder Schlagbewegungen.

It shows:

• 1 schematically shows an embodiment of a system for learning and / or improving movement sequences, in particular for learning and / or improving postures and / or striking movements.

The figure shows schematically an embodiment of a system 100 for learning and / or improving movement sequences, in particular for learning and / or improving posture and / or impact movements. The system 100 includes a striker 10 , here in the form of a tennis racket 11 , Further, the system 100 includes a device 20 , which comprises means for learning and / or improving movement sequences. The means comprise two sensors 30 , These are exemplary of the tennis racket 11 arranged. A first sensor 31 is at the club shaft 12 arranged. A second sensor 32 is in the racket frame 13 at the clubhead 14 arranged. The arrangement takes place in such a way that a balancing of the racket 11 not or not materially affected. Possibly. is a buoyancy, for example in the form of counterweights provided, which are not shown here. Preferably, the sensors 30 near a balance axis of the bat 11 intended. The sensors 30 are trained to capture a movement. For this purpose, the sensors 30 be designed as motion sensors, acceleration sensors, inertial sensors or the like. Here are the sensors 30 as acceleration sensors 33 educated. The sensors 30 capture a movement of the bat 11 and thus the sensor 30 himself. The data about the movement are from the sensors 30 recorded and sent to an evaluation unit 40 transferred (represented by arrows A ). The evaluation unit 40 includes at least a first storage area 42 and at least one second storage area 44 , The first storage area 42 is designed to define a desired movement sequence and / or an allowable deviation from a desired movement sequence. These are in the store 42 available retrievable. The second memory 44 is for storing the by means of the sensors 30 formed to be learned or to be improved actual movement. Next is a comparison area 46 intended. The comparison area 46 is designed to compare the actual movement with the desired movement sequence. The storage areas 42 . 44 and the comparison area 46 are in one component 48 integrated trained. Furthermore, the evaluation unit comprises 40 in the example shown, a computing unit 49 , Using these, the data and the comparisons can be processed accordingly, run a computer program and generate corresponding signals. The arithmetic unit 49 and the component 48 are preferably integrated in the evaluation unit 40 educated. The evaluation unit 40 gives a signal to an output unit 50 continue, as by the arrow B shown. The output unit 50 is presently designed as a speaker 51. This converts the transmitted signal into a sound or tone or several tones or sounds, generally into an acoustic signal. This acoustic signal is sent to a user 60 forwarded, represented by the arrow C , The user 60 receives the signal and adapts the movement it has performed to the received signal. If no signal sounds, no change is required or vice versa, if no signal sounds, a change is required - depending on the application. This creates a control loop in which the user 60 learn a movement quickly and easily or improved.

It is understood that the abovementioned features of the invention can be used not only in the respectively specified combination but also in other combinations or in isolation, without departing from the scope of the invention.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

striker

11

tennis racket

12

club shaft

13

racket frame

14

clubhead

20

contraption

30

sensor

31

first sensor

32

second sensor

33

accelerometer

40

evaluation

42

first storage area

44

second memory area

46

comparison range

48

component

49

computer unit

50

output unit

60

user

A

arrow A (Transmission)

B

arrow B (Signal transmission)

C

arrow C (Signal transmission)

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 5340102 A [0008]
• DE 3741927 A1 [0009]
• US 9358442 A1 [0010]
• US 2005/0288119 A1 [0011]

Claims (10)

Method for learning and / or improving movement sequences, in particular for learning and / or improving postures and / or striking movements, comprising the steps: Providing at least one sensor (30) for detecting at least part of a movement, Defining a desired movement sequence and / or a permissible deviation from a desired movement sequence, Detecting the actual movement sequence to be learned or to be improved by means of the at least one sensor (30), Comparison of the actual movement with the desired movement sequence and Output of at least one signal as a function of a deviation of the actual movement from the target movement sequence, wherein the output of the signal during the course of motion takes place, so that a feedback on the actual movement process possibly still takes place during the course of movement and / or wherein the output signal in Depending on a deviation of the actual movement sequence of the target movement sequence varies at least in terms of intensity, time and / or frequency. Method according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the at least one sensor (30) is arranged on the subject executing the movement. Method according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the degree of deviations of the actual movement sequence from the target movement sequence is output by means of different signals. Device (20) for learning and / or improving movement sequences, in particular for learning and / or improving posture and / or impact movements, comprising means for performing a method according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 3 in particular comprising at least one sensor (30) for detecting at least a part of a movement, at least one memory area (42) for defining a desired movement sequence and / or a permissible deviation from a desired movement sequence, at least one memory area (44) for storing the by means of at least a sensor (30) to be learned or to be improved actual movement sequence, at least one comparison area (46) for comparing the actual movement with the target movement sequence and at least one output unit (50) for outputting at least one signal in response to a deviation of the actual movement sequence from the desired movement sequence, wherein the output unit (50) and / or the areas (42, 44, 46) are designed such that an output of the signal during the movement takes place, so that a feedback on the actual movement process possibly still during the movement sequence takes place and / or wherein the output unit (50) and / or d The regions (42, 44, 46) are designed such that the output signal varies as a function of a deviation of the actual movement sequence from the desired movement sequence, at least with respect to intensity, time and / or frequency. Device (20) according to Claim 4 , characterized in that the at least one sensor (20) is designed for attachment to the subject executing the movement. Device (20) according to Claim 4 or 5 , characterized in that the at least one output unit (50) and / or the areas (42, 44, 46) are formed such that the degree of deviations of the actual movement sequence from the target movement sequence by means of different signals can be output. Use of a procedure according to one of the previous ones Claims 1 to 3 and / or a device (20) according to one of the preceding Claims 4 to 6 for learning and / or improving movement sequences, in particular for learning and / or improving posture and / or impact movements, wherein in particular feedback on a deviation of an actual movement sequence from a desired movement sequence still takes place during the movement sequence. Computer program comprising program code means for performing all the steps according to Claims 1 to 3 if the program is running on a computer. Computer program product comprising program code means stored on a computer readable medium for carrying out the method according to the Claims 1 to 3 if the program is running in a computer. System (100) for learning and / or improving movement sequences, in particular for learning and / or improving posture and / or impact movements, comprising means for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding Claims 1 to 3 and / or a device (20) according to one of the preceding Claims 4 to 6 , as well as a computer program and / or a computer program product, wherein the performed movement by means of a on a percussion device (10) such as a tennis racket (11), a golf club or another sports racquet or sports equipment or garment or user-mounted sensor (30), and an auditory signal generated in response to the movement sensed by the sensor is output during the course of the movement, thereby making auditory retyping available then be used as online feedback.

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