DE102016110497A1 - Panel and core for a panel - Google Patents

Abstract

Disclosed is a panel for a wall, floor, ceiling covering with a compensation layer, which is designed to compensate for dimensional changes due to temperature changes or other physical influences of other layers.

Description

The invention relates to a panel for a wall, floor or ceiling covering according to the preamble of claim 1 and a core suitable for such a panel.

Laminate floors are known from the prior art, in which a decorative layer consisting of a printed decor paper and a cover layer (overlay) is applied to a carrier plate made of HDF / MDF. On the underside, the support plate can be designed with a so-called Gegenzugschicht of plastic or impregnated paper.

On the longitudinal and front sides of such panels groove and spring-like locking elements are formed, which allow a horizontal and vertical locking of the panels.

A disadvantage of such laminate floors is that they do not adequately cushion the impact sound, so that additional measures for footfall sound insulation must be provided.

Recently, floor constructions are increasingly being used, in which a plasticized PVC is used as a decorative and wear layer. These products are either designed as PVC solid material or - similar to the above-described laminate floors - running with an HDF / MDF support plate on which the PVC material is laminated.

One advantage of such floors is firstly that the PVC can be processed very well, so that a wood characteristic can be imitated relatively well. Another advantage is that the relatively soft PVC layer has improved footfall sound insulation compared to laminate floors and is often perceived by users as being "warmer" and "softer".

Disadvantage of such PVC floors, however, is the disposal problem, since for PVC materials, for example, in Germany, a landfill ban, and may arise in a combustion dioxins.

In the WO 2013/034618 A1 To overcome these disadvantages, a PVC-free floor is described.

In the patent applications DE 10 2014 108 885 A1 and DE 10 2014 115 067 A1 The applicant describes waterproof panels. These panels also have a layer structure, among other stabilization layers are provided for mechanical stabilization. Such a stabilizing layer can be, for example, a thermoplastic heavy mat.

The floors described above, in particular design floors can - as stated above - laid by suitable profiling of the side edges (click connection) floating or even glued to the subfloor.

A problem with such floors is that the materials used (thermoplastics, PVC), due to temperature changes during the season depending on the heating and / or solar radiation undergo dimensional changes that can lead to problems in the field of locking / gluing. Especially with PVC-based design floors or design floors made of thermoplastic materials (heavy mats, etc.) can lead to an increase in temperature to an expansion of the panels, so that they bulge. Another disadvantage of PVC floors is that due to an escape of plasticizers from the PVC substrate can lead to a dimensional reduction (shrinkage) of the panels, so that undesirable joints arise.

In contrast, the invention is based on the object to provide a suitable for a wall, floor or ceiling covering panel in which the dimensional deviations described above occur to a lesser extent or not at all. The invention is further based on the object to provide a core for such a panel.

This object is achieved with regard to the panel by the features of claim 1 and with respect to the core by the features of the independent claim 12.

Advantageous developments of the invention are the subject of the dependent claims.

The panel according to the invention is suitable for laying as a wall, floor or ceiling covering. It has a core designed as a multi-layer structure, which carries a decorative or wear layer. The core is furthermore designed with a compensation layer which is designed with regard to the choice of material and / or the dimensions to compensate thermal dimensional changes or dimensional changes of said other layers and / or further layers caused by chemical, physical effects.

Ie. dimensional changes in the other layers are absorbed by this compensation layer, so that the overall geometry of the Panel is maintained substantially regardless of the temperature.

This compensation layer may be a flat carrier fleece, a carrier fabric or the like. In one embodiment, it is preferable to offset the compensation layer with a binder that facilitates bonding to the further layers.

As the material for the compensation layer, materials from the group of glass fiber, basalt fiber, rock fiber, carbon fiber, Kevlar, aramid or other plastic / metal fibers can be used.

The binder is preferably designed so that it does not expand or only slightly when the temperature increases. Accordingly, the material is designed at a rather expected temperature reduction so that it either undergoes essentially no change or expands to compensate for the shortening of the other layers.

Preferably, the compensation layer is designed so that its dimensional changes due to a changing temperature or other external influences takes place in opposite directions to the dimensional change of the other layers.

In a preferred embodiment, the panel according to the invention has a layer structure with one or more heavy mat layers. These heavy mats are preferably designed as polymer heavy mats (thermoplastics).

It is particularly preferred if between each two compensation layers a heavy mat layer is executed.

Thus, a middle Schwermattenschicht each have a compensation layer on their outer sides. In addition, a further heavy-mesh layer and a further compensation layer can be provided on the outer sides of the two compensation layers.

In the case that the panel is designed with locking elements, it may be designed with a Gegenzugschicht.

Depending on the conditions of use, the compensation layer can be made with a fire retardant, an anchoring-enhancing primer or the like. A plastic coating of the compensation layer is possible.

To adapt the surface tension, the planar compensation layer can be perforated or pretreated in some other way.

The core according to the invention accordingly also has at least one middle heavy-mat layer which is arranged between two compensation layers.

The core may also have compensation layers disposed between two heavy mat layers.

Advantageous developments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to schematic drawings. Show it:

1 a first embodiment of a panel according to the invention for a floor covering;

2 a variant of the embodiment according to 1 ;

3 a core for the embodiment according to 2 ;

4 a panel of flooring for firm bonding and

5 a core for the panel according to 4 ,

1 shows in an extremely simplified way the layer structure of a panel P of a floor covering. This panel P has a decorative layer in a conventional manner 1 , which can be designed with a transparent wear-resistant cover. On the support side is the panel P with a Gegenzugschicht 3 made of paper or plastic. The core K has in the illustrated embodiment, three parallel to each other extending heavy mat layers 2 on. These are polyolefinic (thermoplastic) heavy mats 2 , Such heavy mats 2 are used, for example, for insulation in motor vehicles and usually have a weight in the range of 2 to 10, in particular 3 to 6 kg per square meter.

In the area between each two adjacent heavy mats 2 is each a reinforcing or compensation layer 4 intended. This compensation layer 4 consists, as stated at the outset - for example, of a flat carrier fleece or carrier fabric, which may be made of glass fibers, basalt fibers, stone fibers, carbon fibers, kevlar, aramid or other plastic and metal fibers or a mixture of such fiber components. This compensation layer 4 or their fiber fractions are preferably mixed with a binder or with a filler equipped, which shortens when exposed to heat, for example at a temperature increase.

The material of the compensation layer 4 and the binder or the filling materials are - as stated above - equipped so that due to a change in temperature or due to other, acting on the panel P physical / chemical environmental influences resulting dimensional changes are compensated or prevented. Ie. in the case where expansion of the panel P or its layers due to a temperature increase is expected, the compensation layer becomes 4 designed so that it shortens or at least remains dimensionally stable, so that the temperature change of the other layers is compensated or reduced to an acceptable minimum.

Accordingly, by contracting the compensation layer 4 a possible temperature expansion of the adjacent thermoplastic heavy mat layers 2 be compensated so that the temperature expansion in the entire panel P in the sum goes to zero.

Particularly suitable here is the use of compensation layers 4 pointed out that have a share of carbon fibers. These carbon fibers may be designed to contract / shorten as the temperature increases.

In 1 left is still a lock 5 indicated by a horizontal and / or vertical locking of the laid panels P is possible.

2 shows a variant of the panel P from 1 , In this embodiment, the core K is made with more layers. This core K is in 3 shown. Accordingly, the core K in turn has three parallel arranged polyolefinic Schwermattenschichten 2 , each heavy-mesh layer 2 between two compensation layers 4 is arranged. Accordingly, the core K according to 3 three heavy-mat layers 2 and four compensation layers 4 on. On this core K (according to 3 ) then become a decorative layer again 1 and a return layer 3 applied. Also this panel P (according to 5 ) is with a lock 5 executed.

Based on 4 and 5 a panel P is shown for gluing / gluing. Such a panel P is typically thinner than the panel P with a locking profile. In the illustrated embodiment, the panel P has an in 5 illustrated core K, which is a compensation layer 4 that has between two heavy-mat layers 2 is arranged. The choice of material is made in the same manner as in the embodiment described above. Ie. The materials and dimensions are designed to compensate for their dimensional changes in the event of a temperature change or other physical effects.

As in 4 is shown, then on this core K turn a decorative layer 1 and, if necessary, a counteracting layer 3 applied.

The floors made with the above-described panels P are characterized by a very good impact sound insulation and high stability, with a gap formation or bulging (spiking) is reliably prevented. The panels P can with or without locking profile 5 be executed.

The heavy mats used in the panels P 2 / Heavy films are - as explained - preferably from a base material from the group of polyolefins and preferably additionally have a filler or an additive for stabilization. This filler or additive may be a mineral such as chalk or barite, which is about 80% of the weight of the heavy mats 2 / Heavy foil can make out.

Another advantage of the flooring described over conventional laminate or parquet floors is the water resistance achieved due to the plastic materials used. In addition, these panels P are unproblematic in terms of environmental concerns due to their easy disposability.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

decorative layer

2

Hard mat layer

3

Turn (layer)

4

compensation layer

5

Locking (sprofil)

P

paneling

K

core

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2013/034618 A1 [0008]
• DE 102014108885 A1 [0009]
• DE 102014115067 A1 [0009]

Claims (12)

Panel for a wall, floor or ceiling covering, having a core (K) designed as a multilayer structure, which has a decorative layer ( 1 ) or wearing layer, characterized by a compensation layer ( 4 ) designed to compensate for thermal dimensional changes or dimensional changes due to other physical effects to or from other layers. Panel according to claim 1, wherein the compensation layer ( 4 ) is a sheet carrier fleece, a carrier fabric or the like, which is mixed with a binder. Panel according to claim 2, wherein the compensation layer ( 4 ) is made of a material selected from the group of glass fiber, basalt fiber, stone fiber, carbon fiber, Kevlar, aramid or other plastic / metal fibers. Panel according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the binder is chosen so that it does not expand or only slightly at a temperature increase or shortened. Panel according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the layer structure comprises one or more, preferably polyolefinic, layers of heavy mats ( 2 ) having. Panel according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least two compensation layers ( 4 ) are provided, between which a Schwermattenschicht ( 2 ) is arranged. Panel according to claim 6, wherein on the outsides of the two compensation layers ( 4 ) each a Schwermattenschicht ( 2 ) is arranged. Panel according to one of the preceding claims with a counteracting layer ( 3 ). Panel according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the compensation layer ( 4 ) is provided with a fire retardant or anchoring enhancing primer or coated with a plastic. Panel according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the planar compensation layer ( 4 ) is perforated or pretreated in any other way to adjust the surface tension. Panel according to one of the preceding claims with a locking profile ( 5 ) for vertical and / or horizontal locking. Core (K) for a panel (P) according to one of the preceding claims, having a heavy-mesh layer ( 2 ) between two compensation layers ( 4 ) is arranged.

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