DE102015221986A1 - Method for producing a material-fit joint connection and connection arrangement - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a method for producing a material-fit joint connection between two parts to be joined (2, 3), in steering systems, which have mutually opposite joining surfaces (25, 33) delimiting a joint gap (6), wherein in the joint gap (6) a viscous adhesive (51) is introduced, which forms a firm adhesive bond after curing, wherein the first of the joining parts (3) has a joining portion (32) with rotationally symmetrical cross section with an outer peripheral surface, which forms the first joining surface (33), and second of the parts to be joined (2) has an opening (24) with a rotationally symmetrical opening cross-section with an inner peripheral surface which forms the second joining surface (25), wherein the joining portion (32) of the first joining part (3) with radial clearance (S) coaxially within the opening (24) of the second joining part (2) is arranged, and between the first and second joining surfaces (33 and 25) of the joint gap (6) gebi Leten, which has a radial width (B), which corresponds on average to half the radial clearance (S / 2). In order to enable an improved positioning of the joining parts (2, 3), in particular a simplified coaxial alignment of the joining sections (24, 32), and to improve the adhesive bond, the invention proposes that the adhesive is filled with solid particles (7).

Description

State of the art

The invention relates to a method for producing a cohesive joint connection between two parts to be joined, in steering systems, the opposing, a joint gap delimiting joining surfaces, wherein in the joint gap, a viscous adhesive is introduced, which forms a solid adhesive bond after curing, wherein the first of the Fügeteile a joining portion having rotationally symmetrical cross-section having an outer peripheral surface which forms the first joining surface, and the second of the joining parts has an opening with rotationally symmetrical opening cross section with an inner peripheral surface which forms the second joining surface, wherein the joining portion of the first joining part with radial clearance coaxially within the Opening of the second joining part is arranged, and is formed between the first and second joining surface of the joint gap, which has a radial width which corresponds on average to half the radial clearance.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a steering shaft with a connection arrangement.

It is known to connect torque-transmitting two components for torque transmission by an adhesive connection. This type of cohesive connection is used for example in shaft-hub connections. The adhesive bond takes place between a rotationally symmetrical, for example, cylindrical joining portion of a first joining part, such as a trained as a shaft component, and a corresponding thereto, also rotationally symmetrical, for example, cylindrical opening of the second joining part. The first joining portion has a smaller cross section, for example a diameter of a cylindrically shaped joining portion, which is smaller than the opening cross section of the opening of the second joining part, for example the diameter of a cylindrical opening. The difference between the cross sections or diameters corresponds to the radial play between the joining sections. As a result, the first joining section can be arranged coaxially within the opening, whereby a clearance-symmetrical joining gap, which is coaxially aligned with respect to the joining sections, can also be formed by the clearance between the joining surfaces which are opposite each other in the radial direction. In the case of cylindrical joining sections, the joint gap consequently has the form of a thin-walled hollow cylinder whose width in the radial direction corresponds on average to half the clearance.

The cohesive connection is made by first introducing into the joint gap adhesive which, in the uncured state, usually has the consistency of a highly viscous liquid, i. a viscous mass. The introduction of the adhesive can be carried out, for example, by coating the first joining section designed as a cylindrical shaft section with the adhesive and then inserting it in the axial direction into the second joining section designed as an opening until the axial position of the joining connection has been reached. The adhesive is taken in the axial direction in the joint gap and fills this substantially completely. After setting or hardening the adhesive adheres firmly to both joining surfaces and thus causes the cohesive connection of the joining sections.

Alternatively or additionally, the adhesive may be applied to the mating surface on the inner peripheral surface of the opening prior to insertion of the shaft, or the mating portions are coaxially positioned in the mating position and the adhesive is injected into the joint gap or vacuum impregnated.

Such an adhesive bond has the advantage that the joining surfaces can be brought into the axial joining position free of radial stresses, since the first liquid-viscous adhesive filling the joint gap can axially escape from the joint gap and thus no radial pressure on the inner peripheral surface or the outer peripheral surface is exercised. Therefore, such a joint connection is preferably used in lightweight construction, if at least one of the joining parts is made of lightweight material, which should not be permanently under radial tension, as would be the case for example with axial pressing without play. In addition, it is avoided that the surface of fiber composites is damaged uncontrollably with play-free pressing.

Therefore, an adhesive bond is preferred in order to fix a for example made of light metal such as aluminum, magnesium, steel or titanium yoke with its axial opening on a CFK tube (carbon fiber reinforced plastic) existing steering shaft portion of a motor vehicle steering system torque-locking.

The disadvantage, however, is that a permanent adhesive bond of joining parts of different materials can not be realized and that most adhesives require long curing times. A further disadvantage, however, is that not all materials are well suited for a pure adhesive bond, since the adhesion is often unsuitable to transmit large forces or torques.

In view of the above-described problem, it is an object of the present invention to provide an adhesive method of the type mentioned, which allows an improved joining of the joining parts. Next, a steering shaft to be provided with a connection arrangement, which is durably represented as an adhesive bond.

Presentation of the invention

The object is achieved by a method having the features of claim 1. Advantageous developments of the invention are shown in the subclaims. According to claim 11, a steering shaft according to the invention is provided.

To solve the above problem, the invention proposes that the adhesive is filled with separate solid particles.

The adhesive used forms a viscous, viscous mass when uncured in the raw state, with masses of solids insoluble therein, i. solid grains or bodies, evenly filled, which are also referred to as filler particles. The solid particles are added to the adhesive as a powder, which is uniformly mixed with the adhesive mass, so that the relative particle number per volume of the adhesive is the same on average. As an adhesive, for example, an epoxy resin hardener system can be used, wherein the properties of the filler particles are specified according to the invention so that there are particular advantages in the underlying, specific joining situation.

In the manufacture of the joint, the adhesive is applied to at least one of the joining surfaces, and then the joining surfaces are formed to form the joint gap by the one joining portion is inserted axially into the opening of the other joining portion. The solid particles contained in the adhesive perform a relative movement to the surfaces of the joining surfaces. When the solid particles come into contact with one of the surfaces, they cause a three-dimensional plastic deformation or a local cutting operation on the joining surface, in the form of grooves or scratched or crushed groove-like depressions or projecting protrusions. In particular, the local depressions should be formed in the joining surface undercut in the loading direction. The resulting structuring or profiling of the joining surfaces is embedded in the adhesive and causes after curing additionally a positive connection with the hardened in the joint gap adhesive application. The solid particles themselves and preferably the cured adhesive form a kind of form-fitting elements between the joining surfaces with which they engage with the aforementioned recesses. In addition, the solid particles can act as spacers or spacer elements in the joint gap: The solid particles support the joint portion in the radial direction against the joining surface on the inner wall of the opening in the radial direction. The selected adhesive or mixture of adhesive and solid particles is preferably a high viscosity or putty type adhesive that can fill and bridge a joint gap. Thereby, the width of the joint gap in the uncured, viscous state of the adhesive can not be reduced below the size of the solid particles, so that the solid particles can be brought during the joining operation by relative movement of the joining surfaces between the joining surfaces. Furthermore, an improved coaxial centering of the joining sections can be achieved. By supporting in the joint gap by means of the solid particles, an outer support for centering can be omitted, whereby the production cost is reduced. The width of the joint gap is evened out over the circumference, which benefits the strength of the adhesive bond.

It may be advantageous for at least some of the solid particles to have a grain size at least equal to the average width of the joint gap. The grain size of the solid particles is specified in relation to the width of the joint gap. As explained above, the width of the joint gap is limited by the radial play between the joining sections, which can move in the event of a not exactly coaxial alignment over the circumferential course between zero and the cross-sectional difference. In the method according to the invention, the solid particles are introduced into the joint gap in a statistically uniform distribution. In this case, the solid particles form a kind of radial spacers or spacers between the mutually facing joining surfaces, which means that the joining surfaces abut the intermediate solid particles from both sides, so that the width of the joint gap is correlated with the mean grain size of the solid particles. Characterized in that the size of at least a portion of the solid particles is set equal to half the radial clearance, they can spread over the circumference only in a single layer in the joint gap and thus keep the joining surfaces over the entire circumference continuously at a uniform radial distance in thickness the layer to each other. The width of the joint gap is precisely defined in this way over the entire circumference by the solid particles to half the game, so that no desaching of the joint sections can occur. About the axial extent of the joining surfaces are also supported by the solid particles against each other, so that a mutual tilting of the longitudinal axes of the joint sections also not can occur. Thanks to the use according to the invention of the solid particles as internal spacers or spacer elements between the joining surfaces thus an automatic coaxial alignment, ie a centering of the joining parts takes place when the joint sections are brought into axial overlap, that is inserted one joining section axially into the opening of the other joint section becomes. The coaxial centering is ensured until the adhesive has hardened to form a solid cohesive connection, without any external support of the joining parts being required. This simplifies manufacture.

By the invention it is possible to adjust the width of the joint gap by introducing solid particles with a grain size that corresponds to half the game, consistently evenly and accurately to half the radial clearance. Thereby, the uniformity of the adhesive application between the joining surfaces is improved, whereby the durability and resilience of the adhesive bond is increased. The method makes a complex external support superfluous and is therefore easier and less expensive to implement. In addition, the accuracy of coaxial alignment is improved.

An embodiment of the invention provides that the solid particles at least partially have a greater hardness than the joining parts in the region of the joining surfaces. As solid particles, for example hard material particles can be used, for example, hard materials such as corundum, boron carbide or the like, which have a greater hardness than metal or plastic materials. This results in the advantage that the solid particles can not be deformed by the joining surfaces during assembly in the joint gap, and thus the function of the invention as spacer elements is retained in each case.

In addition, hard material particles can take on a further function in the method according to the invention, namely as a kind of means (tool) integrated into the adhesive for processing the joining surfaces. If hard particles are introduced into the joint gap and moved relative to the joining surfaces, either parallel or perpendicular to the joining surfaces, they touch or dig into the surfaces, causing local plastic deformation and / or cutting profiling or separation of the joining surfaces. As a result, a three-dimensional structuring of the surface with indentations and formations of the joining surfaces is formed, which are embedded in a form-fitting manner in the adhesive after hardening or setting. By this structuring or profiling on the one hand, the active adhesive surface is increased, on the other hand, the joining surfaces are connected via the adhesive layer not only cohesively, but also form-fitting manner. As a result, the load capacity of the adhesive connection is increased.

• – Aufbringen eines Klebstoffs auf zumindest eine der Fügeflächen, der mit separaten Feststoffpartikeln (7) gefüllt ist, und
• – koaxiales Positionieren der Fügeteile relativ zueinander außerhalb des Fügespalts, anschließend:
• – Bewegen der Fügeteile relativ zueinander bei einander im Fügespalt gegenüberliegenden Fügeflächen in zumindest einer Erstreckungsrichtung der Fügeflächen und abschließend
• – Positionieren der beiden Fügeteile in eine gewünschte Fügeposition.

The above-described structuring or profiling of the surfaces of the joining surfaces by means of hard material particles distributed in the adhesive can be carried out particularly effectively and with little effort in accordance with the following method steps:

• Application of an adhesive to at least one of the joining surfaces, with separate solid particles ( 7 ) is filled, and
• - Coaxial positioning of the joining parts relative to each other outside of the joining gap, then:
• - Moving the joining parts relative to each other at each other in the joint gap opposite joining surfaces in at least one extension direction of the joining surfaces and finally
• - Positioning of the two parts to be joined in a desired joining position.

The adhesive, together with the evenly distributed hard particles, is applied to one or both joining surfaces, where it adheres as a thin adhesive layer. The adhesive can be applied before the parts to be joined are positioned outside the joining gap. By this is meant that the joining sections are arranged coaxially relative to one another but at an axial distance from one another, so that the joining surfaces do not overlap in the axial direction, i. initially not facing each other in the joint gap. It is also possible to first position the joining parts coaxially with one another and to apply the adhesive in this arrangement. Subsequently, the joining parts are moved toward one another in the axial direction, so that the joining section of the wave-shaped, preferably cylindrical first joining section is introduced into the opening forming the second joining section. After entering the joining section in the opening, the joining surfaces are moved parallel to each other along each other.

After the coaxial entry of the joining section into the opening, the joining surfaces which are then opposite in the joining gap are moved relative to one another during the further insertion in the axial direction, wherein the adhesive layer is drawn into the joint gap in the axial direction so that the hard material particles located therein move relative to both joining surfaces axial direction to be taken. Because the hard material particles according to the invention are at least as large as the width of the joint gap, they leave behind in the surfaces of the joining surfaces crushed or cut, grooved or furrow-shaped indentations in the axial direction. In this way, an axial structuring in the form of knurling or ribbing is formed, which is embedded in the adhesive layer and after curing forms a solid positive connection with respect to a load in the circumferential direction, in other words a torque-transmitting positive connection. The load capacity of the adhesive connection for torque transmission between the parts to be joined is thereby increased in an advantageous manner.

If the first joining section is located at least with an axial section within the opening of the second joining section, it can preferably be provided as a method step that the joining faces lying opposite in the joining gap are moved relative to each other in the circumferential direction. This is achieved simply by rotating the joining sections, which are at least partially coaxial with one another, about the common longitudinal axis. Subsequently, the two parts to be joined are brought into a desired joining position, that is the defined relative end position of the joining parts in the joint connection. As a result, the adhesive layer located in the joint gap is moved in the circumferential direction relative to both joining surfaces, and the hard material particles are also carried along in the circumferential direction. They squeeze or cut circumferentially at least partially circumferential, grooved or furrow-shaped indentations in the surfaces of the joining surfaces. In this way, a structuring in the circumferential direction in the form of a knurling or corrugation is formed, which is filled by the viscous adhesive and forms a solid positive connection with respect to a load in the axial direction after curing. As a result, the tensile strength of the adhesive joint in the axial direction is advantageously increased.

It is particularly advantageous if the joining sections are moved relative to one another in the axial direction and in the circumferential direction with joining surfaces lying opposite one another in the joint gap. By combining the directions of movement can be incorporated into the joining surfaces in the circumferential direction and in the axial direction effective positive locking elements in the form of plastically molded grooves or grooves and shaped corrugations with projecting ridges. Thereby, the load capacity of the adhesive joint in the circumferential direction and in the axial direction can be increased. For practical implementation, it is conceivable first to bring the joining sections in the axial direction into the final joining position, in which the joining surfaces completely overlap axially, and to rotate in this axial position, the joining parts about the common longitudinal axis against each other. It may be advantageous that the amount of rotation is less than 360 °. As a result, the indentations and formations in the circumferential direction do not go through, so that the form-fitting effect of the axial direction in the longitudinal direction of the indentations and formations acting in the circumferential direction is not counteracted. The successive relative axial and rotational movements of the joining parts required for the realization can be made available with little effort in terms of manufacturing technology.

Alternatively, a sequence of stepwise relative movements of the joining sections in the axial and circumferential directions is also conceivable. As a result, steps and shapes running in steps on the joining surfaces can be realized. Another possible alternative provides that the joining sections are simultaneously moved in the axial direction relative to each other and rotated against each other. This can be formed helically on the joining surfaces circumferential indentations and formations that do not intersect.

Preferably, the solid particles are formed as irregularly shaped grains. Irregularly shaped solid particles, in particular hard material particles, have the advantage that, in the above-described relative movements of the joining sections, they generally do not simply roll on the joining surfaces and thereby produce only slight deformations of the surfaces, but can get caught or wedged into the joint gap and become better and better cut deeper into the surfaces or pinch. As a result, an advantageous, deeper structuring or profiling of the joining surfaces can be achieved. This ensures a reinforced form-fitting effect and thus a higher load capacity of the adhesive bond. In addition, the hard particles are entrained safely in the joint gap when joining the parts to be joined. An irregular, sharp-edged form of the hard material particles can be realized by producing them as ground or broken fragments. For example, broken grains of corundum, silicon or boron carbide or the like hard materials can be used, which are used because of their extremely good abrasive properties as a grinding or polishing agent. In the method according to the invention, these properties benefit from the functionality when profiling the joining surfaces.

The course of the structuring or profiling incorporated by means of the hard material particles can be adapted to the materials of the parts to be joined, the geometry of the joint gap and to the adhesive used.

In this regard, it may be advantageous that the grain size is greater than half the radial clearance between the joining sections. The grain size is the diameter of the smallest sphere in which the respective grain fits. The grain size may preferably be between 0.1% and 50%, more preferably between 1% and 10% greater than half the radial clearance (= the mean distance) between the joining sections. If the grain size chosen to be greater than half the radial clearance, ie the average width of a uniform circumferential joint gap, cause the hard particles when introduced into the joint gap inevitably plastic deformation of the surfaces of the joint surfaces. Specifically, the hard particles are partially pressed into the surface and thereby produce indentations and formations in the form of knurls or corrugations, and cut partially groove or grooved depressions in the joining surfaces. It is advantageous that the structuring or profiling perpendicular to the surface of the joint surfaces can be formed deeper and shaped, whereby the strength of the adhesive bond can be increased.

It is furthermore advantageous that the hard material particles, which are larger than the average width of the joint gap, each themselves interlock positively in the indentations introduced by them in the surfaces of the joint surfaces. As a result, in addition to the above-described functions for coaxial centering and for profiling or structuring of the joining surfaces, they can take on a further function as interlocking elements, which engage in a positive engagement with the profiling or structuring of the joining surfaces and thus positively lock them against one another, thereby increasing the load capacity and durability of the adhesive bond is further increased.

It is preferable if the solid particles have different grain sizes. In this case, preferably a mixture of grains with 30% volume fraction with grains having a grain size of less than 2% in relation to clearance or distance between the joining surfaces, and 20% -30% volume fraction with grains having a grain size of 2% to 7% of Game, as well as 20% -30% volume fraction with grains having a grain size of 7% to 25% of the game, as well as 5% -10% volume fraction with grains having a grain size of 25% to 50% of the game be incorporated into the adhesive.

It is preferably provided that the joining surfaces are formed in a cylinder jacket, i. the joining surfaces at least in sections have a circular cross-section. In this case, the radial clearance of the difference corresponds to the diameter of the joint sections and the opening. Alternatively or additionally, it is possible for the joining sections to be conical in sections. The game then designates the smallest relative distance of the conical surface to each other, so it is not measured radially, but inclined to the cone angle against the longitudinal axis

Further, a steering shaft is provided with a connection assembly comprising two joining parts, wherein the one joining part is a yoke and the other joining part is a shaft, wherein between the two joining parts, a joint gap is arranged, according to the invention in the joint gap a viscous adhesive as a connecting means is introduced and additionally separate solid particles are arranged in the joint gap.

By a sharp-edged form of the solid particles groove-like depressions can be formed, for example, in which the adhesive can be distributed and thus creates a permanent joint connection of both joining parts. It is also conceivable and possible that such an adhesive connection between other components of a steering device is provided, such as between a steering pinion and a steering shaft, between an actuating lever and a clamping bolt and the like. Particularly preferably, the joining parts are obtained by rapidly turning the one joining part, e.g. the shaft, in the other joining part, e.g. the yoke, interconnected. The rapid, repeated and steady movements of the shaft with respect to the fork cause heating of the adhesive. The increased temperature during the joining process allows a faster curing of the adhesive, so that the curing time can be shortened.

All the individual features illustrated in the aforementioned individual embodiments of the invention may be combined and / or interchanged without departing from the scope of the invention. This includes in particular, but not exclusively, the design of the solid particles added to the adhesive.

Description of the drawings

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. In detail show:

1 a schematic perspective view of a motor vehicle steering system,

2 a propeller shaft of the steering system according to 1 .

3 a steering shaft of the propeller shaft according to 2 in perspective view,

4 the steering shaft according to 3 in a sectional view along the longitudinal axis, in coaxial, axially pulled apart arrangement of the shaft portion and the yoke,

5 the steering shaft according to 3 in a sectional view along the longitudinal axis, in the joining position of the yoke on the shaft portion,

6 the steering shaft according to 3 in a sectional view along the longitudinal axis, as in 4 in an alternative sequence of steps of the method,

7 schematic representation of a joining surface after the end of the joining operation according to 4 , such as

8th the joint gap between the steering shaft and the yoke according to 3 . 4 . 5 , or 6 in a sectional view along the longitudinal axis.

Embodiments of the invention

In the various figures, the same parts are always provided with the same reference numerals and are therefore usually named or mentioned only once in each case.

1 shows a schematic perspective view of a motor vehicle steering 100 , being from the driver via a steering wheel 102 a torque as a steering torque in a steering shaft 1 can be introduced. The steering torque is via the steering shaft 1 on a steering pinion 104 Transferring with a rack 106 combs, which in turn on corresponding tie rods 108 the predetermined steering angle on the steerable wheels 110 of the motor vehicle transmits. The steering pinion 104 forms together with the rack 106 a steering gear 105 , The steering gear 105 has a housing, not shown here, in which the steering pinion 104 rotatable and the rack 106 is mounted longitudinally displaceable.

An electric and / or hydraulic power assistance may take the form of an auxiliary power assistance 112 , alternatively an auxiliary power assistance 114 respectively 116 , either with the steering shaft 1 , the steering pinion 104 or the rack 106 be coupled. The respective assistant assistance 112 . 114 or 116 carries an auxiliary torque in the steering shaft 1 , the steering pinion 104 and / or an assistant in the rack 106 a, whereby the driver is assisted in the steering work. The three different in the 1 illustrated auxiliary power assistance 112 . 114 and 116 show alternative positions for their arrangement. Usually only one of the shown positions is occupied by a power assistance. The auxiliary torque or the auxiliary power, which or to assist the driver by means of the respective auxiliary power assistance 112 . 114 or 116 is to be applied, taking into account of a torque sensor 118 determined input torque, in the auxiliary power assistance 112 or 114 can be arranged.

The steering shaft 1 has one with the steering wheel 102 connected input shaft 10 and one with the steering pinion 104 connected output shaft 12 on.

The output shaft 12 is about a joint 2 , which is designed as a universal or universal joint, with a shaft 3 connected to an intermediate shaft of the steering shaft 1 forms and over another, similarly structured joint 2 with an input shaft 119 of the steering gear 105 connected is.

2 partially shows a portion of the steering shaft 1 namely a section of the shaft 3 that have a joint 2 with the output shaft 12 or the input shaft 119 connected is.

The joint 2 includes one on the shaft 3 coaxial with its longitudinal axis 31 attached articulated fork 21 , The joint fork 21 is in a conventional manner via a spider 22 articulated with a basically similar constructed second yoke 23 connected to the output shaft 12 or the input shaft 119 is appropriate.

The wave 3 represents within the meaning of the invention, a first joining part, and the yoke 21 a second joining part, which cohesively with the shaft 3 is connected, which is referred to in this structure as a hybrid cardan shaft. The wave 3 may preferably consist of a lightweight construction material, for example by being designed as CFRP pipe (CFRP = carbon fiber reinforced plastic). The joint fork 21 may for example consist of a likewise lightweight, solid material, preferably a metal such as aluminum, magnesium or titanium.

The one end of the wave 3 with the materially firmly in joining position attached, ie glued joint fork 21 is in a perspective view in 3 shown. 5 shows the structure in a sectional view in the direction of the longitudinal axis 31 ,

At its free end, the shaft points 3 a joining section 32 on, which is cylindrical with an outer diameter d and a length l in the direction of the longitudinal axis 31 , The cylinder jacket-shaped outer surface of the shaft 3 forms the first joining surface 33 , The joint fork 21 has an opening as a joining section 24 on, which is formed as a circular bore with an inner diameter D. Their cylinder jacket-shaped inner surface 25 forms the second joining surface 25 , The radial clearance S between the joining section 32 and the opening 24 corresponds to the difference S = D - d.

In 4 the situation is shown before the assembly. That's the wave 3 with her joining section 32 with its longitudinal axis 31 coaxial with the opening 24 centered. In this representation before assembly have the joining section 32 and the opening 24 axial distance from each other.

For carrying out the method according to the invention is according to 4 on the joining section 32 an adhesive 51 as adhesive application 5 applied over the circumference in the middle radially at least as thick as half the game, ie S / 2, or thicker. The adhesive 51 forms a highly viscous mass on the joint section 32 adheres, and over a relatively short period of the order of minutes during assembly, in terms of dimensions and shape of adhesive application 5 remains sufficiently stable.

6 shows an alternative approach in which the adhesive 51 as adhesive application 5 on the joining surface 25 the opening 24 , ie the inner surface of the opening 24 is applied. Otherwise, the relative coaxial positioning of shaft 3 and yoke 21 identical to the one in 3 illustrated arrangement.

Starting from the coaxial positioning according to 4 or 6 becomes the wave 3 in the direction of the longitudinal axis 31 axially on the yoke 21 to move until the joint section 32 completely coaxial inside the opening 24 is positioned. Then lie the joining surfaces 25 and 33 radially opposite and define a joint gap between them 6 which is cylinder-tube-shaped with a mean radial width B corresponding to half the play S, that is to say: B = S / 2 = (D-d) / 2. The joint gap 6 gets completely from the glue 51 the adhesive application 5 filled.

8th shows an enlarged sectional view of the adhesive 51 filled gap 6 , It can be seen that the adhesive 51 Solid particles 7 are added, which are evenly distributed over the volume. The solid particles 7 are formed in the example shown as hard material grains, for example as corundum grains that are harder than the joining surfaces 33 respectively. 25 of the joining section 32 or the opening 24 , Preference is given to the solid particles 7 and especially the corundum grains formed irregular and sharp-edged.

When inserting the shaft 3 in the opening, ie in the axial movement of position 4 in the joining position according to 5 become the solid particles 7 axially with the adhesive application 5 dragged along and move on the joining surfaces 33 and 25 along. Because of the solid particles 7 made of hard material, they dig or squeeze into the joining surfaces 33 and 25 a, so that there radial recesses 71 arise, which form a three-dimensional structuring or profiling with the remaining projections between them, and the adhesive 51 be filled out, so that they are in the adhesive application 5 embedded in a form-fitting manner. According to the axial longitudinal movement, the recesses also extend in the direction of the longitudinal axis 31 , In 7 are exemplary the wells 71 in the form of a scratched or crushed riefenartigen profile in the joint surface 25 the yoke 21 shown. For clarity, the adhesive application was omitted in this view.

At or after the axial insertion, which in 4 with the arrow parallel to the longitudinal axis 31 implied, the wave can 3 relative to the opening 24 around the longitudinal axis 31 to be twisted. This will cause the solid particles 7 in the adhesive application 5 concerning the joining surfaces 33 and 25 moved in the circumferential direction, so that they as described above depressions in the joining surfaces 33 and 25 bring in, which extend in accordance with the rotational movement in the circumferential direction.

It is particularly advantageous if the shaft 3 during insertion into the opening 24 alternately performs rotational and longitudinal movements, either in a predetermined sequence or a stochastic process. As a result, a pattern of regularly defined or irregularly arranged depressions 71 be formed. The resulting three-dimensional structuring of the surfaces ensures that the joining surfaces 33 and 25 that is, each other in the joint gap 6 opposite surfaces of the joining section 32 and the opening 24 after curing, form-fitting over the then solid adhesive application 5 connected to each other. The arrangement of the recesses in the axial (longitudinal) direction and in the circumferential direction increases the load capacity of the adhesive connection in the longitudinal direction and with respect to the transmission of torques.

An advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that at least part of the solid particles 7 is equal to the width B of the joint 6 , or larger. As a result, arrange the solid particles 7 in the joint gap 6 in a single radial layer or layer, wherein they are at both joining surfaces 33 and 25 issue. In the above-described insertion using relative rotational and longitudinal movements, the surfaces are particularly effectively provided with grooved - eigedenen or notched - wells, so that a tight fit with the adhesive application 5 is ensured. It is also advantageous that the solid particles 7 even between the joining surfaces 33 and 25 act as interlocking elements, so this by positive engagement in the recessed depressions 71 lock positively with each other.

In addition, the solid particles provide 7 for a centered support of the joining section 32 in the opening 24 over the entire circumference, as the joint gap 6 already with an imaginary distribution of at least three solid particles 7 the size B = S / 2 is defined geometrically with constant circumferential width. As a result, when inserting an automatic centering of the joint section 32 inside the opening 24 instead of. Until the glue hardens 51 can thus be omitted no external centered support, whereby the production is simplified.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 steering shaft

10

 input shaft

12

output shaft

100

 Motor vehicle steering system

102

steering wheel

104

steering pinion

105

 steering gear

106

 rack

108

 tie rod

110

 wheel

112, 114, 116

 Power assistance

118

 torque sensor

119

input shaft

2

 joint

21

 yoke

22

 spider

23

yoke

24

 opening

25

 joining surface

3

 wave

31

 longitudinal axis

32

Add section

33

 joining surface

d

 outer diameter

D

 Inner diameter

l

 length

S

 game

5

 adhesive application

51

 adhesive

6

 joining gap

B

width

7

 Solid particles

71

 wells

Claims (11)

Method for producing a bonded joint connection between two parts to be joined ( 2 . 3 ) in steering systems facing each other, a joint gap ( 6 ) bounding surfaces ( 25 . 33 ), wherein in the joint gap ( 6 ) a viscous adhesive ( 51 ), which forms a firm adhesive bond after curing, wherein the first of the adherends ( 3 ) a joining section ( 32 ) having a rotationally symmetrical cross-section with an outer circumferential surface which is the first joining surface ( 33 ), and the second of the parts to be joined ( 2 ) an opening ( 24 ) having a rotationally symmetrical opening cross-section with an inner peripheral surface, the second joining surface ( 25 ), the joining section ( 32 ) of the first part to be joined ( 3 ) with radial play (S) coaxially within the opening ( 24 ) of the second joining part ( 2 ) and between the first and second joining surfaces ( 33 and 25 ) the joint gap ( 6 ) is formed, which has a radial width (B) which corresponds on average to half the radial clearance (S / 2), characterized in that the adhesive ( 51 ) with separate solid particles ( 7 ) is filled. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that at least a part of the solid particles ( 7 ) a grain size at least equal to half the radial clearance (S / 2) between the joining sections ( 32 . 24 ) having. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solid particles ( 7 ) at least partially have a greater hardness than the joining parts ( 3 . 2 ) in the area of the joining surfaces ( 25 . 33 ). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the solid particles ( 7 ) are formed as irregularly shaped grains. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the grain size is greater than half the radial clearance (S / 2) between the joining sections ( 32 . 24 ). A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the grain size between 0.1% and 50%, preferably between 1% and 10%, is greater than half the radial clearance (S / 2) between the joining sections ( 32 . 24 ). A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the joining surfaces ( 25 . 33 ) are formed cylindrical barrel-shaped. Method for producing a bonded joint connection between two parts to be joined ( 2 . 3 ) in steering systems, characterized by the steps of: - applying an adhesive ( 51 ) on at least one of the joining surfaces ( 25 . 33 ), with separate solid particles ( 7 ) is filled, and - Coaxial positioning of the parts to be joined ( 3 . 2 ) relative to each other outside the joining gap ( 6 ), then: - moving the parts to be joined ( 3 . 2 ) relative to each other at each other in the joint gap ( 86 ) opposite joining surfaces ( 25 . 33 ) in at least one extension direction of the joining surfaces ( 25 . 33 ), - positioning the two parts to be joined ( 3 . 2 ) in a desired joining position. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that in the joint gap ( 6 ) opposite joining surfaces ( 25 . 33 ) are moved in the axial direction relative to each other. A method according to claim 8, characterized in that in the joint gap ( 6 ) opposite joining surfaces ( 25 . 33 ) are moved in the circumferential direction relative to each other. Steering shaft with a connection arrangement comprising two joining parts ( 2 . 3 ), wherein the one joining part ( 2 ) a yoke ( 21 ) and the other joining part ( 3 ) is a shaft, wherein between the two parts ( 2 . 3 ) a joint gap ( 6 ), characterized in that in the joint gap an adhesive ( 51 ) is introduced as a connecting means and separate solid particles ( 7 ) in the joint gap ( 6 ) are arranged.

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