DE102015215827A1 - Two-part joining element and method for pre-punch-free production of a positive and non-positive joint connection, as well as hereby produced composite component - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a two-part joining element (10) for pre-punch-free production of a positive and non-positive joining connection between at least two components (40, 50), comprising: - a nail-like outer part (20) having a shaft with head (22) and tip (23 ), wherein the shaft is formed as a hollow shaft with a head-side opening; and - a pin-like inner part (30) which can be driven over the head-side opening in the hollow shaft of the outer part (20) and thereby displaced the shaft material at the top (23) to the outside and plastically deformed. The invention further relates to two methods for pre-punch-free production of a positive and non-positive joining connection between at least two components (40, 50) using a joining element (10) and a component composite (100) produced therewith.

Description

The invention relates to a two-part joining element and two methods for pre-punch-free production of a positive and non-positive joint connection between at least two components. The invention further relates to a composite component produced herewith.

The pre-hole-free production of a positive and non-positive joining connection using a suitably designed joining element has many advantages. In particular, the pre-hole operation can be omitted on at least one of the components to be joined and thus also the hole finding when setting the joining element.

In the WO 2007/082714 A1 a nail-like connecting element and a method for producing a joint connection between non-pre-punched components are described.

The invention has for its object to provide a joining element for pre-punch-free production of a positive and non-positive joint connection between at least two components, with the most diverse component materials in a simple manner a resilient joint connection can be produced.

This object is achieved by an inventive joining element with the features of claim 1. With two independent claims, the invention also extends to methods for the mechanical production of a joint connection using a joining element according to the invention. With a further independent patent claim, the invention also extends to a component composite produced using at least one joining element according to the invention and / or using a method according to the invention, which is in particular a body component for a motor vehicle. Preferred developments and embodiments of the invention will become apparent for all subject matter of the dependent claims, the following description and the figures.

• – ein nagelartiges Außenteil, das einen Schaft mit Kopf und Spitze aufweist, wobei der Schaft als Hohlschaft mit einer kopfseitigen Öffnung ausgebildet ist; und
• – ein stiftartiges Innenteil, das über die kopfseitige Öffnung in den Hohlschaft des Außenteils eingetrieben werden kann bzw. eintreibbar ist und dabei das Schaftmaterial an der Spitze des Hohlschafts nach (radial) außen verdrängt und hierbei plastisch verformt.

The joining element according to the invention is designed in two parts and comprises:

• A nail-like outer part, which has a shaft with head and tip, wherein the shaft is formed as a hollow shaft with a head-side opening; and
• - A pin-like inner part, which can be driven via the head-side opening in the hollow shaft of the outer part or is driven and thereby displaced the shaft material at the top of the hollow shaft to (radially) outside and thereby plastically deformed.

To set the joining element according to the invention a one-sided accessibility is sufficient at the joint. The joining element according to the invention is preferably set such that the shaft or hollow shaft of the outer part penetrates the components to be joined and the tip protrudes, wherein the protruding tip forms an undercut due to the deformation caused by the inner part with the components to be joined, so that the components the joint is, as it were, wedged between the head and the deformed tip. Preferably, the components to be joined are joined at several joints with joining elements according to the invention. In addition, the components can also be glued together or joined in any other way.

The shaft or hollow shaft of the outer part may be formed with a pointed or sharp nail tip. The outer part can thus be set by nailing or shooting (or the like), which is the subject of the first method according to the invention.

Alternatively, the shaft or hollow shaft of the outer part may be formed with a blunt or rounded friction tip. The outer part can then be set like a flow-screw screw, which is the subject matter of the second method according to the invention.

The head of the outer part may be formed with a profile for applying a rotational movement and / or rotational force (torque). It is preferably an outer profile for attaching a tool.

The pin-like inner part may be formed at its protruding from the hollow shaft of the outer part free end with a head or headless (headless). Preferably, the inner part is formed at this free end with a profile for applying a rotational movement and / or rotational force. Preferably, it is an inner profile for insertion of a tool.

Preferably, the hollow shaft of the outer part is formed with a smooth inner surface and the inner part is formed with a smooth outer surface. The touching and during the driving of the inner part (by wrapping or screwing, as explained in more detail below) successive sliding surfaces are thus thread-free and formed without any other surface profiling or the like.

The axial length of the pin-like inner part is particularly dimensioned so that the inner part is completely retractable into the hollow shaft of the outer part or can be driven and thus does not protrude after setting of the joining element on the head side of the outer part, but preferably ends flush.

The components of the joining element according to the invention can be provided individually. Preferably, however, it is provided that the joining element is provided in a preassembled state, wherein the (not yet driven) inner part, for example. By press fit or by gluing (with a releasable adhesive) captive in the outer part is held.

• – Setzen des Fügeelements in die zueinander ausgerichteten Bauteile, wobei das Außenteil des Fügeelements an der Fügestelle durch Nageln, Schießen oder dergleichen (bspw. mithilfe eines entsprechend ausgebildeten Setzgeräts) in axialer Richtung drehungsfrei in die Bauteile eingetrieben wird, bis der Kopf am kopfseitigen Bauteil anschlägt und die Spitze am kopfabgewandten Bauteil austritt;
• – Eintreiben des Innenteils, wodurch das Schaftmaterial an der überstehenden Spitze nach außen gedrängt bzw. verdrängt und plastisch verformt wird, so dass sich zwischen der Spitze und dem kopfabgewandten Bauteil ein hinterschnittiger Formschluss (Hinterschnitt) ausbildet.

The first method according to the invention for pre-punch-free production of a positive and non-positive joining connection between at least two components using a joining element formed with a nail tip comprises at least the following steps:

• - Setting the joining element in the mutually aligned components, wherein the outer part of the joining element at the joint by nailing, shooting or the like (eg., Using a suitably designed setting device) is driven in the axial direction without rotation in the components until the head abuts the head-side component and the tip exits at the head facing away component;
• - Driving the inner part, whereby the shaft material is urged or displaced on the protruding tip to the outside and plastically deformed, so that forms an undercut positive engagement (undercut) between the tip and the head facing away from the head.

• – Setzen des Fügeelements in die zueinander ausgerichteten Bauteile, wobei dessen Außenteil an der Fügestelle durch Eindrehen (bspw. mithilfe eines entsprechend ausgebildeten Setzgeräts) unter Ausbildung eines Fließlochs in die Bauteile eingetrieben wird, bis der Kopf am kopfseitigen Bauteil anschlägt und die Spitze am kopfabgewandten Bauteil austritt – gegebenenfalls kann hierbei auch eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung zwischen dem Schaft des Außenteils und wenigstens einem der zu fügenden Bauteile, insbesondere dem unteren bzw. kopfabgewandten Bauteil, erzeugt werden;
• – Eintreiben des Innenteils, wodurch das Schaftmaterial an der überstehenden Spitze nach außen gedrängt und plastisch verformt wird, so dass sich ein hinterschnittiger Formschluss ausbildet.

The second method according to the invention for pre-punch-free production of a positive and non-positive joining connection between at least two components using a joining element formed with a friction tip comprises at least the following steps:

• - Setting the joining element in the aligned components, wherein the outer part is driven at the joint by screwing (eg., Using a suitably trained setting device) to form a flow hole in the components until the head strikes the head-side component and the tip on the head facing away component outlet - if appropriate, in this case also a material connection between the shaft of the outer part and at least one of the components to be joined, in particular the lower or head facing away component, are generated;
• - Driving the inner part, whereby the shaft material is urged on the protruding tip to the outside and plastically deformed, so that forms an undercut positive engagement.

In both methods, the driving of the inner part in the already set outer part by rotation-free impressions or wrapping or by screwing, d. H. by superimposing an axial movement and a rotational movement or rotation, take place.

The invention is explained in more detail below by way of example and not by way of limitation with reference to the schematic figures. The features shown in the figures and / or explained below, even independently of specific combinations of features, further develop the invention.

1 shows in side views the outer part and inner part of a joining element according to the invention.

2 shows in a sectional view a setting process.

3 shows in a sectional view of the finished joint connection.

1 shows the outer part 20 and the inner part 30 a joining element according to the invention 10 , The outer part 20 and the inner part 30 are each formed in one piece and rotationally symmetrical. The nail-like outer part 20 has a shaft 21 with a head 22 and a tip 23 on. The shaft 21 is exemplified with a conical shape. The head 22 projects beyond the shaft in the radial direction 21 , The summit 23 is designed as a rounded friction tip and goes into a conical or paraboloid-shaped shaft portion 24 above. The shaft 21 is as a hollow shaft with a blind hole 25 and a head-side opening 26 educated. The pen-like inner part 30 has a massive cylindrical shaft 31 with a tip 33 on. At the other (upper) axial end is the inner part 30 headless with an inner profile 37 (or the like) formed for insertion or plugging a tool.

The shaft 21 of the outer part 20 is formed with a smooth outer surface. In principle, the shaft 21 Also with a threaded portion, in particular a self-tapping threaded portion, or with surface profiling (such as in the WO 2007/082714 A1 described) may be formed. The sleeve-like hollow shaft 21 or the hole 25 is formed with a smooth inner surface. Corresponding to this is also the inner part 30 formed with a smooth outer surfaces. The head 22 of the outer part 20 can with a Unterkopfnut or Ring groove or groove be formed (such as in the WO 2007/082714 A1 described).

Both the outer part 20 as well as the inner part 30 are preferably formed of metal and in particular of aluminum or steel. For example. these are turned and / or formed parts. Preferably, the shaft 21 of the outer part 20 a diameter (nominal diameter) of at least 3 mm. Preferably, the shaft 31 of the inner part 30 a diameter of at least 2 mm.

The outer part 20 and the inner part 30 form a two-part joining element 10 for producing a joint connection between at least two components. In principle, two different procedures are possible. The one procedure provides that initially only the outer part 20 by screwing or possibly also by axial impressions (provided the tip 23 is designed as a nail tip) is set. Subsequently, the inner part 30 in the hollow shaft 21 of the set outer part 20 be driven, which can be done by screwing or possibly also by axial impressions. The other procedure provides that the outer part 20 and the inner part 30 are pre-assembled and put together, the inner part 30 in the hollow shaft 21 is driven as soon as the outer part 20 is in its joining end position. Based on 2 and 3 Below is a particularly preferred procedure for setting the joining element 10 explained.

2 shows an example of two components 40 and 50 at the joint shown with the joining element 10 be positively and positively joined. The components 40 and 50 but at least the lower part 50 , are not pre-punched at the joint. The joining element 10 is pre-assembled, including the inner part 30 in the hollow shaft 21 of the outer part 20 is inserted and with respect to the bore 25 radial excess (the oversize is in 2 oversubscribed). Using one in the inner pole 37 inserted tool (not shown) is on the inner part 30 one against the components to be joined 40 and 50 acting axial pressure force F and a rotational movement (rotation) U applied. Due to the between inner part 30 and outer part 20 existing form and frictional engagement (or a radially acting clamping on the contact or contact surfaces) are both the compressive force F and the rotational movement U on the outer part 20 thereby transferring them to the formation of a flow hole and without waste formation (waste-free) into the components 40 and 50 is driven, as in 2 shown (the formation of the flow hole is not shown in detail). The driving takes place without appreciable noise.

The outer part 20 is in its joint end position when the head 22 on the upper head-end component 40 strikes and the top 23 at the lower head facing away component 50 exit. Once the head bottom of the head 22 on the head-end component 40 is applied, the rotational movement of the outer part 20 stopped by increase in frictional resistance, whereas on the inner part 30 furthermore, a compressive force F and a rotational movement U overcoming the frictional connection or the radial clamping is applied (the parameters for the axial feed, the rotational speed and / or the rotational force are optionally changed). This will now be the inner part 30 in the hollow shaft 21 of the standing outer part 20 driven. This is the top 33 of the inner part 30 wedge-like from the inside through the massive tip 23 of the outer part 20 driven, whereby the from the lower component 50 outstanding tip 23 of the outer part 20 dowel-like spread, so that the shaft material on the hollow shaft tip 23 displaced radially outward and this is plastically deformed so that forms an undercut H.

3 shows the finished joint connection. The driven inner part 30 closes flush with the head 22 of the outer part 20 from. In the manufactured composite component 100 it is in particular a body component or a body part of a motor vehicle. However, the invention is not only suitable for bodywork, but can be used in vehicle construction, for example, for the interior (interior).

With the procedure described above can in a single-stage setting process or process with one-sided accessibility to the joint without pre-punching of the components 40 and 50 a solid and due to the undercut also durable and strong resilient joint connection can be made. The process can be referred to as EFoV process (= one-sided joining without pre-hole). The process or setting process can be performed fully automated and is insensitive to process fluctuations, so that a robust process control is possible. The components to be joined 40 and 50 can be formed from a variety of materials and, for example, consist of steel, aluminum, magnesium or plastic with and without fiber content. The joining element according to the invention 10 is thus universally applicable and is particularly suitable for lightweight construction.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

 joining element

20

 outer part

21

 hollow shaft

22

 head

23

 top

24

 shank portion

25

 drilling

26

 opening

30

 inner part

31

 shaft

33

 top

37

 internal profile

40

 component

50

 component

100

 component composite

F

 axial force

H

 undercut

U

 rotary motion

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2007/082714 A1 [0003, 0023, 0023]

Claims (10)

Two-piece joining element ( 10 ) for pre-punch-free production of a positive and non-positive joint connection between at least two components ( 40 . 50 ), with: - a nail-like outer part ( 20 ), which has a shaft ( 21 ) with head ( 22 ) and tip ( 23 ), wherein the shaft ( 21 ) as a hollow shaft with a head-side opening ( 26 ) is trained; and - a pin-like inner part ( 30 ), via the head-side opening ( 26 ) in the hollow shaft ( 21 ) of the outer part ( 20 ) can be driven while the shaft material at the top ( 23 ) displaced to the outside and plastically deformed. Joining element ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the head ( 22 ) of the outer part ( 20 ) is formed with a profile for applying a rotational movement and / or rotational force. Joining element ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the pin-like inner part ( 30 ) at its free end with a profile ( 37 ) is designed for applying a rotational movement (U) and / or rotational force. Joining element ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the hollow shaft ( 21 ) of the outer part ( 20 ) with a smooth inner surface and the inner part ( 30 ) is formed with a smooth outer surface. Joining element ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axial length of the pin-like inner part ( 30 ) is dimensioned so that this completely in the outer part ( 20 ) can be driven. Joining element ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the shaft ( 21 ) of the outer part ( 20 ) is formed with a nail tip. Joining element ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the shaft ( 21 ) of the outer part ( 20 ) with a friction tip ( 23 ) is trained. Method for pre-punch-free production of a positive and non-positive joining connection between at least two components ( 40 . 50 ) using a joining element ( 10 ) according to claim 6, comprising the steps of: - setting the joining element ( 10 ) in the aligned components ( 40 . 50 ), the outer part ( 20 ) is driven without rotation in the axial direction by nailing or shooting until the head ( 22 ) on the head-end component ( 40 ) and the tip ( 23 ) at the head facing away component ( 50 ) exit; - driving the inner part ( 30 ), whereby the shaft material at the protruding tip ( 23 ) is pushed outward and plastically deformed, so that forms an undercut positive fit (H). Method for pre-punch-free production of a positive and non-positive joining connection between at least two components ( 40 . 50 ) using a joining element ( 10 ) according to claim 7, comprising the steps of: - setting the joining element ( 10 ) in the aligned components ( 40 . 50 ), the outer part ( 20 ) is driven by screwing (F, U) to form a flow hole until the head ( 22 ) on the head-end component ( 40 ) and the tip ( 23 ) at the head facing away component ( 50 ) exit; - driving the inner part ( 30 ), whereby the shaft material at the protruding tip ( 23 ) is pushed outward and plastically deformed, so that forms an undercut positive fit (H). Component composite ( 100 ), in particular a body component for a motor vehicle, having at least two components ( 40 . 50 ), which at at least one joint with a joining element ( 10 ) formed according to one of claims 1 to 7 and / or set by a method according to claim 8 or 9.

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