DE102011001522B4 - Connecting element for establishing a connection between at least two overlapping components and method for producing this compound - Google Patents
Connecting element for establishing a connection between at least two overlapping components and method for producing this compound Download PDFInfo
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- DE102011001522B4 DE102011001522B4 DE102011001522.1A DE102011001522A DE102011001522B4 DE 102011001522 B4 DE102011001522 B4 DE 102011001522B4 DE 102011001522 A DE102011001522 A DE 102011001522A DE 102011001522 B4 DE102011001522 B4 DE 102011001522B4
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Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B5/00—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them
- F16B5/04—Joining sheets or plates, e.g. panels, to one another or to strips or bars parallel to them by means of riveting
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
- B21J15/027—Setting rivets by friction heating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/02—Riveting procedures
- B21J15/04—Riveting hollow rivets mechanically
- B21J15/043—Riveting hollow rivets mechanically by pulling a mandrel
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J15/00—Riveting
- B21J15/10—Riveting machines
- B21J15/14—Riveting machines specially adapted for riveting specific articles, e.g. brake lining machines
- B21J15/147—Composite articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B25—HAND TOOLS; PORTABLE POWER-DRIVEN TOOLS; MANIPULATORS
- B25B—TOOLS OR BENCH DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR, FOR FASTENING, CONNECTING, DISENGAGING OR HOLDING
- B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
- B25B27/0007—Tools for fixing internally screw-threaded tubular fasteners
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- B25B27/00—Hand tools, specially adapted for fitting together or separating parts or objects whether or not involving some deformation, not otherwise provided for
- B25B27/0007—Tools for fixing internally screw-threaded tubular fasteners
- B25B27/0014—Tools for fixing internally screw-threaded tubular fasteners motor-driven
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- F16B19/00—Bolts without screw-thread; Pins, including deformable elements; Rivets
- F16B19/04—Rivets; Spigots or the like fastened by riveting
- F16B19/08—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets
- F16B19/10—Hollow rivets; Multi-part rivets fastened by expanding mechanically
- F16B19/1027—Multi-part rivets
- F16B19/1036—Blind rivets
- F16B19/1045—Blind rivets fastened by a pull - mandrel or the like
- F16B19/1054—Blind rivets fastened by a pull - mandrel or the like the pull-mandrel or the like being frangible
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16B19/1045—Blind rivets fastened by a pull - mandrel or the like
- F16B19/1072—Blind rivets fastened by a pull - mandrel or the like the pull-mandrel or the like comprising a thread and being rotated with respect to the rivet, thereby mechanically expanding and fastening the rivet
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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- F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
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- F16B37/06—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates by means of welding or riveting
- F16B37/062—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates by means of welding or riveting by means of riveting
- F16B37/065—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates by means of welding or riveting by means of riveting by deforming the material of the nut
- F16B37/067—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates by means of welding or riveting by means of riveting by deforming the material of the nut the material of the nut being deformed by a threaded member generating axial movement of the threaded part of the nut, e.g. blind rivet type
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- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C65/56—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits
- B29C65/562—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor using mechanical means or mechanical connections, e.g. form-fits using extra joining elements, i.e. which are not integral with the parts to be joined
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- B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
- B29C65/743—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc
- B29C65/7437—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc the tool being a perforating tool
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
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- B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
- B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
- B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
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- B29C66/21—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint lines, e.g. of the weld lines said joint lines being formed by a single dot or dash or by several dots or dashes, i.e. spot joining or spot welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
- B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
- B29C66/43—Joining a relatively small portion of the surface of said articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
- B29C66/721—Fibre-reinforced materials
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
- B29C66/74—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material
- B29C66/748—Joining plastics material to non-plastics material to natural products or their composites, not provided for in groups B29C66/742 - B29C66/746
- B29C66/7487—Wood
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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- B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
- B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
- B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
- B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
Abstract
Verbindungselement zum Fügen von wenigstens zwei aneinanderliegenden Bauteilen (10, 11), wobei das Verbindungselement in der Art eines Blindnietes (2) mit einem eine Längsachse aufweisenden Nietkörper mit einem Kopf (3) und einem diesem gegenüberliegenden radial aufweitbaren Bereich (8) ausgebildet ist und durch den Nietkörper aus Richtung des Kopfes (3) ein Schaft (5) ragt, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass sich an den aufweitbaren Bereich (8) in Richtung zu den Bauteilen (10, 11) eine, beim Fügen eine Lochung in den Bauteilen (10, 11) und einen hülsenförmigen Durchzug (7) des in Richtung zum Kopf (3) des Nietes angeordneten Bauteils (10) erzeugende, Einformgeometrie (4) anschließt, wobei der dem Kopf (3) gegenüberliegende Bereich, der in die Bauteile (10, 11) eindringt, die Einformgeometrie (4) aufweist und wobei die Einformgeometrie (4) im Wesentlichen eben, kegelstumpfförmig oder ballig ausgebildet ist und zusätzlich eine Zentrierspitze (Z) aufweist.Connecting element for joining at least two adjoining components (10, 11), wherein the connecting element in the manner of a blind rivet (2) with a rivet body having a longitudinal axis with a head (3) and a radially expandable region opposite thereto (8) is formed and characterized by the rivet body from the direction of the head (3) a shank (5), characterized in that at the expandable area (8) in the direction of the components (10, 11) one, when joining a perforation in the components (10 , 11) and a sleeve-shaped passage (7) of the direction of the head (3) of the rivet arranged component (10) generating, Einformgeometrie (4) connects, wherein the head (3) opposite region which in the components (10, 11) penetrates, the Einformgeometrie (4) and wherein the Einformgeometrie (4) is substantially flat, frusto-conical or spherical and additionally has a centering tip (Z).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verbindungselement zur Herstellung einer Verbindung zwischen wenigstens zwei sich überlappenden Bauteilen und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung dieser Verbindung nach den Oberbegriffen der Ansprüche 1 und 5.The invention relates to a connecting element for producing a connection between at least two overlapping components and a method for producing this compound according to the preambles of
Aus der Druckschrift
Ein Blindniet ist dabei gemäß Wikipedia eine spezielle Form von Niet, welche nur den Zugang zu einer Seite der zu verbindenden Bauteile erfordert und mit einer speziellen Blindnietzange befestigt wird. Der Blindniet besteht neben dem eigentlichen, hohlen Nietkörper mit Kopf an der Vorderseite aus einem längeren, durchgesteckten Dorn mit Kopf am hinteren Nietende, der mit einer Sollbruchstelle versehen ist. Beim Blindnieten erfolgt der Fügevorgang von nur einer (im Regelfall der äußeren) Seite des Bauteils aus, wobei diese Fügetechnik jedoch üblicherweise ein Vorlochen des Bauteils erfordert. Der Blindniet wird durch die Bohrung eingeführt, anschließend wird der am Kopf herausragende Dorn mit einer Blindnietzange herausgezogen. Das führt zu einer Stauchung und somit zu einer Aufweitung des Niets hinter der Bohrung. Am Ende des Vorgangs reißt der Dorn an der Sollbruchstelle innerhalb des Nietkörpers ab und ragt nicht aus dem Niet hervor; der Rest des Dorns befindet sich dann im Fügewerkzeug und kann entsorgt werden. Aus
In der Druckschrift
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist es, ein Verbindungselement und ein Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Verbindung zwischen wenigstens zwei sich überlappenden Bauteilen zu entwickeln, mit welchen ein schnelles und einfaches Fügen von aneinanderliegenden Bauteilen ohne Fügestellenvorbereitung möglich ist und wobei nur eine einseitige Zugänglichkeit der Fügestelle erforderlich ist und eine hohe Verbindungsfestigkeit und -qualität sichergestellt werden.The object of the invention is to develop a connecting element and a method for producing a connection between at least two overlapping components, with which a quick and easy joining of adjacent components without joint preparation is possible and only one-sided accessibility of the joint is required and a high connection strength and quality can be ensured.
Diese Aufgabe wird mit den kennzeichnenden Merkmalen der Patentansprüche 1 und 5 gelöst.This object is achieved with the characterizing features of
Vorteilhafte Ausführungen ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen.Advantageous embodiments emerge from the subclaims.
Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Verbindungselement verwendet, welches in der Art eines Blindnietes ausgebildet ist und in Richtung zu den Bauteilen eine Kopfgeometrie mit einer Spitze aufweist. Die Spitze dient der Fixierung beim Fügevorgang, kann aber bei ausreichender Bauteilfixierung und Werkzeugsteifigkeit auch weggelassen werden. Dabei ist der Nietkörper in Form eines Blindnietes oder einer Nietmutter ausgebildet und weist eine definierte Nietdornkopfgeometrie mit ggf. besonders gehärtetem Werkstoff auf. Zusätzlich muss die in den Schaft integrierte Sollbruchstelle den radialen Belastungen beim Fügevorgang entsprechen. Daher ist es auch möglich, den Schaft einzuschrauben und nach dem Herstellen der Verbindung wieder auszuschrauben.According to the invention, a connecting element is used, which is designed in the manner of a blind rivet and has a head geometry with a tip in the direction of the components. The tip is used for fixing during the joining process, but can also be omitted with sufficient component fixation and tool rigidity. In this case, the rivet body is designed in the form of a blind rivet or a rivet nut and has a defined Nietdornkopfgeometrie with possibly specially hardened material. In addition, the predetermined breaking point integrated in the shaft must correspond to the radial loads during the joining process. Therefore, it is also possible to screw the shaft and unscrew after making the connection again.
Zum Herstellen der Verbindung wird das Fügewerkzeug, welches in diesem Fall auch das Verbindungselement ist, auf den metallischen Fügepartner aufgesetzt, während sich der zweite Fügepartner darunter befindet, wobei die Fügepartner verdrehsicher gelagert sein sollten, wenn die axiale Vorhubbewegung mit einer Rotationsbewegung überlagert ist. Durch die Rotationsbewegung des Fügewerkzeuges bei gleichzeitig axialem Druck wird der Werkstoff partiell erhitzt, bis dieser teigig wird. Dabei arbeitet sich das Fügewerkzeug in den metallischen Fügepartner ein und es entsteht ein hülsenartiger Durchzug bzw. eine metallische Öse, welche sich in den zweiten Fügepartner einarbeitet, wodurch in dem zweiten Fügepartner ein Durchbruch entsteht, durch welchen der hülsenartige Durchzug ragt. Der Kopf des Blindnietes weist einen größeren Durchmesser als die sich anschließende Blindniethülse auf und verhindert dadurch das Steigen des teigigen Grundwerkstoffes nach oben. Im Anschluss wird die Rotationsbewegung gestoppt und anschließend am Schaft gezogen, während der Kopf mechanisch an der Blechoberkante fixiert wird. Der Schaft wird gestaucht und formt gleichzeitig den entstandenen metallischen Durchzug radial nach außen. Die rückwärtige Kraftaufbringung wird so lange gesteigert, bis der Schaft an der Sollbruchstelle abreißt.To make the connection, the joining tool, which in this case is also the connecting element, placed on the metallic joining partner, while the second joining partner is underneath, the joining partners should be mounted against rotation when the axial Vorhubbewegung is superimposed with a rotational movement. Due to the rotational movement of the joining tool with simultaneous axial pressure, the material is partially heated until it is doughy. In this case, the joining tool works in the metallic joining partner and there is a sleeve-like passage or a metallic eyelet, which incorporates into the second joining partner, whereby in the second joining partner an opening is formed through which protrudes the sleeve-like passage. The head of the blind rivet has a larger diameter than the subsequent Blindniethülse and thereby prevents the rise of the doughy base material upwards. Subsequently, the rotation is stopped and then pulled on the shaft, while the head is mechanically fixed to the upper edge of the sheet metal. The shaft is compressed and simultaneously forms the resulting metallic passage radially outward. The rearward force application is increased until the shaft tears off at the predetermined breaking point.
Durch die lokale Erwärmung des Bauteils wird die Hybridverbindung innerhalb eines Arbeitsganges hergestellt. Durch die erfindungsgemäße Lösung kann eine nur einseitige Zugänglichkeit sichergestellt werden. Das metallische Bauteil und das Faserverbundbauteil oder auch andere Materialkombinationen werden gefügt, ohne oder mit nur geringer Zerstörung der Faserstruktur des Faserverbundbauteils. Es ist weiterhin keine Fügestellenvorbereitung erforderlich und die Fügeverbindung schnell und einfach herstellbar. Bei Verwendung eines Blindnietes wird eine mediendichte Fügeverbindung bereitgestellt. Gleichzeitig kann die eingebrachte Fügewärme ein lokales Aufschmelzen beider Fügepartner hervorrufen, so dass zwischen diesen zusätzlich eine stoffschlüssige Verbindung entsteht.By local heating of the component, the hybrid compound is produced within a single operation. By the solution according to the invention, only one-sided accessibility can be ensured. The metallic component and the fiber composite component or other combinations of materials are joined, without or with only little destruction of the fiber structure of the fiber composite component. It is still no joint preparation required and the joint connection quickly and easily produced. When using a blind rivet, a media-tight joint connection is provided. At the same time, the introduced joining heat can cause a local melting of both joining partners, so that in addition a cohesive connection arises between them.
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen und zugehörigen Zeichnungen näher erläutert. Es zeigen: The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to embodiments and accompanying drawings. Show it:
Nach den
Durch den Einformvorgang in die Faserstruktur des Bauteils
Gemäß
Mit den Varianten gem.
Nach den
Mit dem neuartigen Fügewerkzeug in Form einer Blindnietmutter können Werkstoffpaarungen analog dem herkömmlichen Blindnieten (Metall/Metall, Metall/Kunststoff, Metall/Holz, Kunststoff/Holz, Kunststoff/Kunststoff, ...) gefügt werden.With the novel joining tool in the form of a blind rivet nut, material pairings can be joined analogously to conventional blind riveting (metal / metal, metal / plastic, metal / wood, plastic / wood, plastic / plastic, ...).
Die Einformgeometrie
Bei einigen industriellen Anwendungen, in welchen eine exakte Führung und Positionierung von Verbindungselement und Bauteilen realisiert werden kann, ist nicht unbedingt eine Zentrierspitze erforderlich.In some industrial applications, where precise guidance and positioning of the connector and components can be realized, a centering tip is not necessarily required.
Claims (8)
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DE102013201963A1 (en) | 2013-02-07 | 2014-08-07 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Process for producing a fiber-reinforced plastic component |
DE102013103615A1 (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2014-10-30 | Dr. Ing. H.C. F. Porsche Aktiengesellschaft | Blind rivet and blind rivet connection |
DE102014204449A1 (en) * | 2014-03-11 | 2015-09-17 | Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for joining components, one of which consists of a fiber-reinforced plastic |
DE102015102865A1 (en) * | 2015-02-27 | 2016-09-01 | Profil Verbindungstechnik Gmbh & Co. Kg | Sheet metal element with hole, sheet metal part and assembly part as well as production process |
DE102015208671A1 (en) | 2015-05-11 | 2016-11-17 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Component connector assembly |
DE102015210963A1 (en) | 2015-06-15 | 2016-12-15 | Ejot Gmbh & Co. Kg | Thermoplastic friction connector |
DE102016004722A1 (en) | 2016-04-19 | 2017-06-29 | Daimler Ag | Force introduction element for a component formed from a fiber-reinforced plastic, and method for introducing such a force introduction element |
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