DE102015206112B4 - Tool changing device for a lathe - Google Patents

Abstract

Apparatus (160) for selectively providing a first (165a) or at least a second (165b) tool for a lathe, comprising:
a first (100a) and at least one second tool providing system (100b, 100c, 100d), each comprising:
a holding member (101) which is adapted to hold the respective tool (165) for machining a workpiece by means of the lathe; and
a rod which is mechanically connected to the holding element (101) in order to bring the respectively held tool (165) with a driven rod selectively along a displacement direction (111) in the direction of the workpiece into a working position on the workpiece or along the displacement direction (111) away from the workpiece to a waiting position, wherein, in use, a tool intended for machining is shifted to a working position on the workpiece while the at least one other tool is retracted to the waiting position away from the workpiece.

Description

A lathe can be used as a machine tool for producing mostly rotationally symmetrical workpieces by the machining process turning or by cutting and / or milling. With a lathe and tools attached thereto according to the desired machining, various rotating bodies can be produced. For example, can be made of semi-finished products, especially thick-walled plastic pipes, using a lathe and a correspondingly selected machining tool plastic seals. The seals may e.g. be cut out of the plastic pipes or tapped or unscrewed. For turning a product or several products, various processing tools, such as for cutting, milling, parting depending on the desired end product may be required, which must be brought to the rotating semifinished product for processing. A cutting tool may e.g. be introduced to the semi-finished and can perform a rotation by rotation of the semifinished product. During rotation of the semifinished product, the cutting tool (or any other type of tool) may be displaced relative to the semifinished product to achieve a desired profiling or processing.

For CNC lathes, it may be necessary for the production of desired products to change several turning tools in order to realize desired rotational contours. To achieve a high processing throughput, this tool change should be done as quickly as possible. In conventional systems, for example, a tool turret is used for the change process on a CNC lathe, wherein the lathe tools are fixed on a disc on the tool turret. To select a desired tool for machining, the disc is rotated on the tool turret, for example with a motor about an axis and snaps into the working position for the desired selected cutting tool. In the prior art, for example, the DE 3216891 A1 , As a further possibility for a quick turning tool change a so-called linear slide has been used, in which the turning tools are arranged fixed to each other. To use a selected tool, it is moved toward the tool by means of the lathe's coordinate table. A disadvantage of this linear slide is that it is only suitable for small turning diameters, since the turning diameter must be calculated as the distance from one tool to another as a safety distance for collisions, in order to avoid collisions.

In both the tool turret system and the linear slide system, the free area for machining is limited by the geometry of the tools or by the arrangement. Thus, in conventional systems, only a certain number, i. Limited number of tools are used and there is always a risk of collision.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a tool changing system for a lathe, which allows the changing of a plurality of cutting tools, a collision risk can be reduced and reliably and safely performed.

The object is solved by the subject matter of the independent claim. The dependent claims specify particular embodiments of the invention.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, an apparatus is provided for selectively providing a first or at least a second tool (or a plurality of other tools) for a lathe (in particular a CNC lathe), the apparatus comprising a first and at least a second tool supply System (or a plurality of tool providing system). In this case, the tool-providing system in each case a holding element (in particular clamping element), which is formed, the respective tool (rotary tool or cutting tool or milling tool) for machining a workpiece (eg a semifinished product such as a thick-walled plastic pipe) by means of the lathe to hold (in particular to clamp, to fix, so that upon rotation of the workpiece, the respective tool maintains its position). Furthermore, the device comprises a rod, which is mechanically connected to the holding element (in particular via a plurality of levers which are pivotally connected) for selectively holding the respectively held tool with a driven rod (so that it moves, in particular in a longitudinal direction) into a working position (In which the respective tool performs a machining of the workpiece) or a waiting position (in which the respective tool is removed from the workpiece or withdrawn so that no processing of the workpiece is carried out) to move (which may in particular comprise a pure translation, however, a partial rotational movement is also possible).

The respective tools can be fastened or fastened to the holding element, for example by clamping and / or screws. The device may include, for example, two to ten tool delivery systems, so that the device a selective machining of a workpiece or multiple workpieces with eg between two and ten different rotary tools is possible. The rod can (via one or more mechanical intermediate elements) linearly, ie in a straight line, translate the holding member to bring the respective tool to the workpiece or to move away from the workpiece.

For machining the workpiece, exactly one of the tool-providing systems may be in a working-position operating mode, whereas all other tool-providing systems may be in a waiting-position operating mode. In the standby mode of operation, the tools mounted on these other tooling systems are in a retracted position from the workpiece, so that collisions are reduced. Furthermore, this limits the free area for machining less by the geometry of the tools or their arrangements. As a result, a larger number of tools can be used than in conventional systems.

According to embodiments of the present invention, at the coordinate table of the lathe, the turning tools may be mounted one above the other without clearance, and may be mounted by means of a lever system and e.g. an air cylinder to be moved back and forth. As a result, only the moved or required tool can be moved forward (towards the workpiece) while all others are away from the workpiece, i. are located behind or withdrawn. Thus, there can be no collision. Another advantage of embodiments of the invention may be a space saving and the ability to place significantly more tools in a smaller space than was conventionally possible.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the device further comprises a cylinder with piston and piston rod, wherein the rod is designed as the piston rod of the piston, which can be pneumatically or hydraulically driven in the cylinder to and fro. The cylinder may e.g. having one (or two) compressed air port for supplying compressed air to the cylinder so as to move the piston and the piston rod along a longitudinal direction of the cylinder and thus also a longitudinal direction of the piston rod. To provide the compressed air may further be provided a compressor, and a compressed air distribution system with compressed air hoses to the respective cylinders of the tool-providing systems. Further, valves may be provided in the compressed air hoses that may be controlled by a user to drive a piston rod of a selected tooling system. Thereby, the apparatus for selectively providing various tools with conventionally available components can be realized.

According to one embodiment of the present invention, the device further comprises a first joint (pivot allowing pivot about an axis), a first lever, a second hinge, a second lever, and a third hinge, the first hinge Rod pivotably connected to the first lever (rotatable about an axis), wherein the second joint pivotally connects the first lever to the second lever (rotatable about an axis), wherein the third hinge pivotally rotatable about the second lever with the holding member (about an axis ) connects. Thus, an advantageous hinge-lever chain can be formed, which can allow a linear displacement of the holding member when operating the rod, without exposing the rod, for example, in the working position of increased force in the longitudinal direction. The hinge lever chain may e.g. be formed and connected to the rod so that a force acting along the direction of displacement of the holding member in the working position (for example, due to the contact with the workpiece) transversely, in particular perpendicular, extends to a longitudinal direction of the rod. Thus, while the tool providing system is in the working position operating mode, the rod may advantageously be subjected to only a small load along its longitudinal direction. Thus, no special performance requirements are placed on the air cylinder or hydraulic cylinder, so that the device can be realized with low-cost and space-saving components.

Furthermore, the device can have a, in particular rigid, guide rail, along which the holding element is displaceable and which is fixed in particular perpendicular to the direction of displacement. Thus, a precisely defined displacement can be achieved and a maintenance of the position of the extended tool during processing can be ensured.

The first lever may be rotatable about a lever pivot axis, which may in particular be fixed relative to the guide rail. Thus, a stress-saving design of the lever-joint system can be realized.

In the working position (in the working position operating mode of the respective tool providing system) parallel axes of rotation of the second joint, the third joint and the parallel lever pivot axis (and in particular also the axis of rotation of the first joint) in such a way be arranged so that it can be drawn through a straight line perpendicular thereto, which runs along the direction of displacement. A force acting along the direction of displacement (in the working position) can thus act on the (fixed) lever pivot axis without acting directly on the rod. Thus, a mechanical load on the rod or of this driving cylinder or the piston driving this can be reduced.

In the working position, a longitudinal direction of the rod perpendicular to the running along the direction of displacement straight line. Thus, a load on the rod can be advantageously minimized.

The device may further comprise a transverse, in particular perpendicular, movable to the displacement direction of the holding member table on which the first and the second (and possibly several more) tool providing system are mounted side by side. This makes it possible to bring a selected turning tool (which is held by a particular tool providing system) to the workpiece for machining. Furthermore, conventionally available movable tables can be used, which can reduce the cost of the device.

The holding element can be moved from the working position to the waiting position by a distance between 20 mm and 50 mm, in particular between 30 mm and 40 mm, in a straight line. Thus, a plurality of different turning tools can be selectively brought by the device for machining a workpiece in the respective working position. Furthermore, a majority of conventionally available rotary tools can be supported thereby.

The apparatus may further include a controller configured to transfer the first tool of the first tooling system to the waiting position, to move the table transverse to the direction of displacement of the support member of the first tooling system, and the second tool of the first tooling system second tool delivery system to spend in the working position. Thus, a displacement of the tool on the one hand by means of displacement of the holding element and on the other hand by means of a displacement of the table can be carried out in a coordinated manner in order to reduce or avoid collisions. For control, e.g. an electronic control with programming capability can be used and a suitable control program can be loaded into a processor and executed.

The individual turning tools can be mounted on use-resistant guide rails. The connection to the air cylinder can be done with two levers and three joints. The mechanism can be controlled with a pneumatic cylinder. The mechanism can be designed so that the tool is locked in the extended state. The individual tools can be arranged side by side on a rail. In the retracted state (waiting position), the rotary tool can be located away from the workpiece and in the extended state (working position), the rotary tool can be brought to the workpiece and ready for turning (or for turning). According to embodiments of the invention, a cost-effective possibility of tool change can be realized. In this case, the advantage of collision freedom of a tool turret can be combined with a simple construction of a linear slide.

• 1a bis 1d illustrieren schematisch, gemäß einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung, ein Werkzeug-Bereitstellungs-System, welches in einer Vorrichtung zum selektiven Bereitstellen von verschiedenen Werkzeugen für eine Drehmaschine verwendet werden kann, in einer Vorderansicht, in einer Draufsicht, in einer Seitenansicht von links bzw. in einer perspektivischen Darstellung;
• 2 illustriert in einer schematischen perspektivischen Darstellung eine Vorrichtung zum selektiven Bereitstellen von verschiedenen Werkzeugen gemäß einer Ausführungsform der vorliegenden Erfindung, welche mehrere Werkzeug-Bereitstellungs-Systeme aufweist, wie in 1a bis 1d illustriert ist; und
• 3a bis 3d illustrieren ein Werkzeug-Bereitstellungs-System, welches gemäß Ausführungsformen der vorliegenden Erfindung in einer Vorrichtung zum selektiven Bereitstellen von verschiedenen Werkzeugen umfasst sein kann, in einer schematischen Vorderansicht, in einer Draufsicht, in einer Seitenansicht von links bzw. in einer perspektivischen Darstellung in schematischer Weise.
• 1d illustriert in schematischer perspektivischer Ansicht ein Werkzeug-Bereitstellungs-System 100, welches in einer Vorrichtung zum selektiven Bereitstellen von verschiedenen Werkzeugen für eine Drehmaschine umfasst sein kann und die 1a, 1b, 1c illustrieren eine Vorderansicht, eine Draufsicht bzw. eine Seitenansicht von links dieses Werkzeug-Bereitstellungs-Systems 100. Das Werkzeug-Bereitstellungs-System 100 umfasst ein Halteelement 101, welches ausgebildet ist, ein jeweiliges Werkzeug zur Bearbeitung eines Werkstücks mittels der Drehmaschine zu halten. Das Halteelement 101 ist als ein Klemmelement mit einer Klemmplatte 103 und Klemmschrauben 105 ausgebildet, womit ein in den 1a bis 1d nicht dargestelltes Werkzeug in einem Aufnahmeraum 107 durch Verklemmen bzw. Verpressen durch Anziehen der Schrauben 105 gehalten werden kann. Der Aufnahmeraum 107 kann in einer Standardgröße und -form für handelsübliche Drehwerkzeuge ausgebildet sein.

Embodiments of the present invention will now be explained with reference to the attached drawings. The invention is not limited to the illustrated or described embodiments.

• 1a to 1d schematically illustrate, according to an embodiment of the present invention, a tool providing system which can be used in a device for selectively providing various tools for a lathe, in a front view, in a plan view, in a left side view a perspective view;
• 2 FIG. 11 illustrates, in a schematic perspective view, an apparatus for selectively providing various tools according to an embodiment of the present invention having a plurality of tool providing systems, as in FIG 1a to 1d is illustrated; and
• 3a to 3d illustrate a tool providing system, which according to embodiments of the present invention may be included in a device for selectively providing various tools, in a schematic front view, in a plan view, in a side view from the left or in a perspective view in a schematic manner ,
• 1d illustrates in schematic perspective view a tool providing system 100 , which may be included in a device for selectively providing various tools for a lathe and the 1a . 1b . 1c illustrate a front view, a top view and a side view from the left of this tool Deployment Systems 100 , The tool provisioning system 100 includes a holding element 101 , which is designed to hold a respective tool for machining a workpiece by means of the lathe. The holding element 101 is as a clamping element with a clamping plate 103 and clamping screws 105 trained, with which one in the 1a to 1d not shown tool in a receiving space 107 by jamming or pressing by tightening the screws 105 can be held. The recording room 107 can be designed in a standard size and shape for commercial turning tools.

The clamping element or retaining element 101 is on a guide rail 109 along a displacement direction 111 slidable, in particular a displacement path between 20 mm and 50 mm. The guide rail 109 can be mounted firmly on a movable table, so that the retaining element 101 not perpendicular to the direction of displacement 111 can be moved, especially if one in the holding element 101 held tool is in a working position for machining a workpiece.

The tool provisioning system 100 further comprises a piston rod 113 , which with the holding element 101 Connected via a set of levers and joints mechanical to a held-each tool with driven piston rod 113 selectively move to a working position or to a waiting position. The in the 1a to 1d illustrated operating state corresponds to the state in which a tool is in a waiting position, and thus the holding element 101 is located in a retracted position. To move a tool to a working position, the piston rod can 113 along a longitudinal direction 115 by means of a piston (not shown in the figures) are displaced, which within an air pressure cylinder 117 by compressed air, which via a compressed air hose 119 or 120 is fed, is moved.

The tool provisioning system 100 also has a first joint 121 on, which at an upper end of the piston rod 113 is appropriate. A first lever 123 is by means of the joint 121 around a hinge axis 125 pivotable. The system 100 also has a second joint 127 on, by means of which a second lever 129 around a hinge axis 131 (relative to the first lever 123 ) is pivotable. The second lever is over a third joint 133 with the holding element 101 around a pivot axis 135 (relative to the fixed block) pivotally connected. Further, the first lever 123 around a lever pivot axis 137 a pivot bearing 138 pivotable. Here are the joint axes or pivot axes 125 . 131 . 135 and 137 all parallel to each other. The pivot axes 135 and 137 lie on a line 139 which is straight and parallel to the direction of displacement 111 is oriented. In the waiting position are located only the pivot axes 135 and 137 on the straight line 139 , If one in the holding element 101 However, if the tool located in the working position (extended position), so are all pivot axes or hinge axes 125 . 131 . 135 and 137 on the straight line 139 , which are parallel to the direction of displacement 111 is.

To the system 100 in the working position operating mode, the piston rod 113 in 1d moved down until the first lever 123 and the second lever 129 parallel to the direction of displacement 111 are aligned. For raising and lowering the piston rod 113 is the air cylinder 117 at an upper end with an air pressure hose 120 connected and is at a lower end with the air pressure hose 119 connected. Supplying compressed air to the compressed air hose 120 causes the piston rod 113 is moved down, so that in the holding element 101 held tool is moved to the working position. Supply of compressed air via the compressed air hose 119 causes the piston rod 113 is moved upward so that in the holding element 101 held tool is moved to the waiting position. The second lever 129 has two hangers 130 on which one end of the first lever 123 between them, taking the joint 127 is formed. The holding element 101 includes an extension 141 with two ironing too 143 , which between them is an end of the second lever 129 pick up the joint 133 is formed.

The system 100 is by several screws 145 attachable to a (movable) table. In the block 147 a cylinder receptacle may be provided to the cylinder 117 take. A buffer 149 can at a top of the block 147 be provided. At an upper end of the piston rod 113 can be a clevis 151 be provided. The compressed air hoses 119 . 120 can through a quick release 153 with the cylinder 117 be connectable. The levers 123 and 129 can also be referred to as toggle. At the joints 133 . 127 Sliding bushes can be provided.

2 shows a schematic perspective view of a device 160 for selectively providing various tools for a lathe comprising a plurality of tooling systems 100 includes, as in the 1a to 1d are illustrated. The multiple tool delivery systems 100a . 100b . 100c . 100d , ... are next to each other, ie perpendicular to the direction of displacement 111 offset next to each other on a movable table 163 mounted, especially with screws 145 , In the in 2 illustrated operating mode is a tool 165a , which of the clamping element or holding element 101 of the tool providing system 100a is held in a working position, whereas all other tool-providing systems 100b . 100c . 100d to be in a wait position mode. As in 2 is illustrated, in the working position, a front edge of the holding element 101 around a shift distance H relative to the holding elements 101b . 101c and 101d along the direction of displacement 111 moved forward. In the working position operating mode of the tool providing system 100a run all pivot axes or axes of rotation 125 . 137 . 127 and 133 through the straight line 139 , which are parallel to the direction of displacement 111 is oriented.

3a to 3d illustrate an alternative embodiment of a tool providing system 300 , which according to embodiments of the present invention in the device 160 (please refer 2 ) may be included for selectively providing various tools. In function and / or structure similar or identical elements are in the 1a to 1d and 3a to 3d denoted by the same reference numerals, which differ only in the first digit. The views of the tool delivery system 300 which in the 3a to 3d are illustrated correspond to the views of the tool providing system 100 which in the 1a to 1d are illustrated. In the 1a to 1d or. 3a to 3d illustrated systems 100 or. 300 have some features in common, but are fundamentally different from the orientation and mounting or arrangement of the printing cylinder 117 or. 317 , In the system 100 which is in 1a to 1d is illustrated, is the air cylinder 117 almost perpendicular to the direction of displacement 111 oriented. In the system 300 however, which in 3a to 3d is illustrated, is the air cylinder 317 almost parallel to the direction of displacement 311 but arranged in returned configuration, causing an expansion of the system 300 along the direction of displacement 311 can be reduced. One end of the air cylinder 317 is with the guide rail or a pedestal 310 the guide rail 309 connected. The tool 365 is in a waiting position. In the working position are the pivot axes 337 . 331 , and 335 on the straight line 339 , which are parallel to the direction of displacement 311 is. The rotation axis 325 of the first joint 121 is not on the line 339 , not even in the working position. The first lever 323 has a 90 ° bend at the pivot axis 325 ,

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100, 300

Tool retrieval systems

101

retaining element

103

terminal block

105

clamping screws

107

Tool holding space

109

guide rail

111

shift direction

113

piston rod

115

Longitudinal direction or displacement direction of the piston rod

117

air cylinder

119, 120

Air pressure hoses

121

first joint

123

first lever

125

joint axis

127

second joint

129

second lever

130

hanger

131

joint axis

133

third joint

135

joint axis

137

swivel axis

139

straight line

141

extension

143

hanger

145

fixation screws

147

block

149

buffer

151

clevis

310

Base

365

Tool

H

displacement stroke

165

Tool

100a, 100b, 100c, 100d

Tooling Systems

160

Device for the selective provision of various tools

Claims (10)

Apparatus (160) for selectively providing a first (165a) or at least a second (165b) tool for a lathe, comprising: a first (100a) and at least one second tool providing system (100b, 100c, 100d), each comprising: a holding member (101) which is adapted to hold the respective tool (165) for machining a workpiece by means of the lathe; and a rod which is mechanically connected to the holding element (101) in order to bring the respectively held tool (165) with a driven rod selectively along a displacement direction (111) in the direction of the workpiece into a working position on the workpiece or along the displacement direction (111) away from the workpiece to a waiting position, wherein, in use, a tool intended for machining is shifted to a working position on the workpiece while the at least one other tool is retracted to the waiting position away from the workpiece. Device according to Claim 1 , further comprising: a cylinder (117) having a piston and a piston rod (113), the rod being formed as the piston rod (113) of the piston which is pneumatically or hydraulically driven to reciprocate in the cylinder. Device according to Claim 1 or 2 wherein the tool providing system each further comprises: a first hinge (121), a first lever (123), a second hinge (127), a second lever (129), and a third hinge (133); first joint (121) pivotally connecting the rod to the first lever (123), the second joint (127) pivotally connecting the first lever (123) to the second lever (129), the third joint (133) being the second lever (129) pivotally connected to the holding element (101). Device according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising: a, in particular torsionally rigid, guide rail (109), along which the holding element (101) is displaceable and which is perpendicular to the displacement direction (111) fixed. Device according to Claim 3 or 4 wherein the first lever (123) is rotatable about a lever pivot axis (137) which is in particular fixed relative to the guide rail (109). Device according to one of the Claims 3 to 5 , wherein in the working position parallel axes of rotation (131, 135, 331, 335) of the second joint (127), the third joint (133), in particular also of the first joint (1221), and the parallel thereto lever pivot axis (137,337) are arranged in such a way in that it can be used to draw a straight line (139, 399) perpendicular thereto, which runs along the displacement direction (111). Device according to Claim 6 , wherein in the working position a longitudinal direction (115) of the rod runs perpendicular to the straight line (139, 399) running along the displacement direction (111). Device according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising a table (163) movable transversely, in particular perpendicularly, to the displacement direction (111) of the holding element (101), on which the first (100a) and the second tool providing system (100b , 100c, 100d) are mounted side by side. Device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the holding element (101) from the working position to the waiting position by a distance (H) between 20 mm and 50 mm, in particular between 30 mm and 40 mm, can be moved in a straight line. Device according to one of the preceding claims, further comprising: a controller that is designed: to spend the first tool (165a) of the first tool providing system (100a) in the waiting position; moving the table (163) transversely to the direction of displacement of the retaining element of the first tooling system; and to spend the second tool (165b) of the second tool-providing system (100b) in the working position.

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