DE102015106143B4 - resistance spot welding process - Google Patents

resistance spot welding process Download PDF

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Publication number
DE102015106143B4
DE102015106143B4 DE102015106143.0A DE102015106143A DE102015106143B4 DE 102015106143 B4 DE102015106143 B4 DE 102015106143B4 DE 102015106143 A DE102015106143 A DE 102015106143A DE 102015106143 B4 DE102015106143 B4 DE 102015106143B4
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Germany
Prior art keywords
electrically conductive
polymeric
coating
polymeric workpiece
workpiece
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DE102015106143.0A
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German (de)
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DE102015106143A1 (en
Inventor
Guoxian Xiao
Pei-Chung Wang
Jorge F. Arinez
Joseph Clifford Simmer
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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GM Global Technology Operations LLC
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Priority claimed from US14/690,894 external-priority patent/US9844831B2/en
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Publication of DE102015106143A1 publication Critical patent/DE102015106143A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
    • B23K11/10—Spot welding; Stitch welding
    • B23K11/11—Spot welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3404—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the type of heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3468—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the means for supplying heat to said heated elements which remain in the join, e.g. special electrical connectors of windings
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3476—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being metallic
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/02—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure
    • B29C65/34—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement"
    • B29C65/3472—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint
    • B29C65/3484—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being non-metallic
    • B29C65/3492—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by heating, with or without pressure using heated elements which remain in the joint, e.g. "verlorenes Schweisselement" characterised by the composition of the heated elements which remain in the joint being non-metallic being carbon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C65/00—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C65/74—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area
    • B29C65/743—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc
    • B29C65/7437—Joining or sealing of preformed parts, e.g. welding of plastics materials; Apparatus therefor by welding and severing, or by joining and severing, the severing being performed in the area to be joined, next to the area to be joined, in the joint area or next to the joint area using the same tool for both joining and severing, said tool being monobloc or formed by several parts mounted together and forming a monobloc the tool being a perforating tool
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/01—General aspects dealing with the joint area or with the area to be joined
    • B29C66/05—Particular design of joint configurations
    • B29C66/10—Particular design of joint configurations particular design of the joint cross-sections
    • B29C66/11—Joint cross-sections comprising a single joint-segment, i.e. one of the parts to be joined comprising a single joint-segment in the joint cross-section
    • B29C66/112—Single lapped joints
    • B29C66/1122—Single lap to lap joints, i.e. overlap joints
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/40—General aspects of joining substantially flat articles, e.g. plates, sheets or web-like materials; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles; Joining single elements to substantially flat surfaces
    • B29C66/41—Joining substantially flat articles ; Making flat seams in tubular or hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/739—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/7392—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic
    • B29C66/73921—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the material of at least one of the parts being a thermoplastic characterised by the materials of both parts being thermoplastics
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/814—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8141—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/81427—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth
    • B29C66/81429—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the design of the pressing elements, e.g. of the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the surface geometry of the part of the pressing elements, e.g. welding jaws or clamps, coming into contact with the parts to be joined comprising a single ridge, e.g. for making a weakening line; comprising a single tooth comprising a single tooth
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8187—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81871—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical insulating constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/818—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps
    • B29C66/8188—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical conducting constructional aspects
    • B29C66/81881—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the cooling constructional aspects, or by the thermal or electrical insulating or conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws or of the clamps ; comprising means for compensating for the thermal expansion of the welding jaws or of the clamps characterised by the electrical conducting constructional aspects of the welding jaws
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/83—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof characterised by the movement of the joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/832—Reciprocating joining or pressing tools
    • B29C66/8322—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis
    • B29C66/83221—Joining or pressing tools reciprocating along one axis cooperating reciprocating tools, each tool reciprocating along one axis
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/91—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/912—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux
    • B29C66/9131—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux
    • B29C66/91311—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by measuring the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating
    • B29C66/91315—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the temperature, the heat or the thermal flux by measuring the heat or the thermal flux, i.e. the heat flux by measuring the heat generated by Joule heating or induction heating by measuring the current intensity
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
    • B29C66/92—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/924—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/9261—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools
    • B29C66/92651—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools by using stops
    • B29C66/92655—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the pressure, the force, the mechanical power or the displacement of the joining tools by controlling or regulating the displacement of the joining tools by using stops by using several stops
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/90—Measuring or controlling the joining process
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    • B29C66/942—Measuring or controlling the joining process by measuring or controlling the time by measuring the time
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/71—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the composition of the plastics material of the parts to be joined
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/72—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the structure of the material of the parts to be joined
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    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
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    • B29C66/70—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material
    • B29C66/73—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset
    • B29C66/731—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts characterised by the composition, physical properties or the structure of the material of the parts to be joined; Joining with non-plastics material characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the optical properties of the material of the parts to be joined, by the extensive physical properties of the parts to be joined, by the state of the material of the parts to be joined or by the material of the parts to be joined being a thermoplastic or a thermoset characterised by the intensive physical properties of the material of the parts to be joined
    • B29C66/7311—Thermal properties
    • B29C66/73115—Melting point
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8122—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C66/00—General aspects of processes or apparatus for joining preformed parts
    • B29C66/80—General aspects of machine operations or constructions and parts thereof
    • B29C66/81—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/812—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/8126—General aspects of the pressing elements, i.e. the elements applying pressure on the parts to be joined in the area to be joined, e.g. the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the composition, by the structure, by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps characterised by the intensive physical properties or by the optical properties of the material constituting the pressing elements, e.g. constituting the welding jaws or clamps
    • B29C66/81264—Mechanical properties, e.g. hardness

Abstract

Widerstandspunktschweißverfahren, das zumindest die folgenden Schritte umfasst:
(a) Anordnen einer elektrisch leitfähigen Beschichtung (30) zwischen einem ersten polymeren Werkstück (10) und einem zweiten polymeren Werkstück (20);
(b) Durchstechen des ersten polymeren Werkstückes (10) mit einem ersten und einem zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift (124, 126) einer Schweißelektrodenanordnung, bis der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift (124, 126) mit der zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten polymeren Werkstück (10, 20) angeordneten Beschichtung (30) in Kontakt gelangen; und
(c) Anwenden elektrischer Energie auf den ersten und den zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift (124, 126), sodass ein elektrischer Strom durch den ersten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift (124), die Beschichtung (30) und den zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift (126) hindurch fließt, um das erste polymere Werkstück (10), das zweite polymere Werkstück (20) und die Beschichtung (30) zumindest teilweise zum Schmelzen zu bringen und dadurch ein Schweißbad (W) an den Stoßgrenzflächen zu bilden.

Figure DE102015106143B4_0000
Resistance spot welding process comprising at least the following steps:
(a) placing an electrically conductive coating (30) between a first polymeric workpiece (10) and a second polymeric workpiece (20);
(b) piercing the first polymeric workpiece (10) with first and second electrically conductive pins (124, 126) of a welding electrode assembly until the first and second electrically conductive pins (124, 126) mate with the intermediate of the first and second coating (30) arranged on a polymeric workpiece (10, 20); and
(c) applying electrical energy to the first and second electrically conductive pins (124, 126) such that an electrical current passes through the first electrically conductive pin (124), the coating (30) and the second electrically conductive pin (126). flows to at least partially melt the first polymeric workpiece (10), the second polymeric workpiece (20), and the coating (30), thereby forming a weld pool (W) at the faying interfaces.
Figure DE102015106143B4_0000

Description

TECHNISCHES GEBIETTECHNICAL AREA

Die vorliegende Offenbarung betrifft ein Widerstandspunktschweißverfahren.The present disclosure relates to a resistance spot welding process.

HINTERGRUNDBACKGROUND

Schweißen ist ein Verfahren zum Fügen von zwei oder mehreren Werkstücken wie z. B. Metallsubstraten. Im Allgemeinen kann Schweißen das Anwenden von Wärme und Druck auf zumindest zwei Werkstücke, um die Werkstücke zu verbinden, umfassen. Über die Jahre wurden viele Schweißverfahren entwickelt. Herkömmliche Widerstandspunktschweißsysteme gehen beispielsweise aus den Druckschriften KR 10 2005 0 043 233 A , DE 16 90 620 B2 , CN 1 01 543 933 A , KR 10 0 964 718 B1 , DE 10 2008 020 582 A1 und DE 195 14 687 A1 hervor.Welding is a process for joining two or more workpieces, e.g. B. metal substrates. In general, welding can involve the application of heat and pressure to at least two workpieces to join the workpieces. Many welding processes have been developed over the years. Conventional resistance spot welding systems can be found in publications, for example KR 10 2005 0 043 233 A , DE 16 90 620 B2 , CN 1 01 543 933 A , KR 10 0 964 718 B1 , DE 10 2008 020 582 A1 and DE 195 14 687 A1 out.

ZUSAMMENFASSUNGSUMMARY

Widerstandspunktschweißen ist eine Art von Schweißverfahren, bei der elektrischer Strom durch zwei Elektroden und die Werkstücke hindurch geleitet wird, um eine örtlich begrenzte Erwärmung in den Werkstücken zu erzeugen. Das Material, das die Werkstücke bildet, schmilzt und fließt an der Grenzfläche zwischen den zwei Werkstücken ineinander, um dadurch ein Schweißbad zu bilden. Das Schweißbad kühlt anschließend ab, um eine Schweißlinse zu bilden. Es ist zweckmäßig, die Zeit zu minimieren, die notwendig ist, um einen Widerstandspunktschweißprozess zu beenden und die Festigkeit und Qualität der mithilfe des Widerstandspunktschweißprozesses hergestellten Schweißverbindung zu maximieren. Zu diesem Zweck wurden das vorliegend offenbarte Widerstandspunktschweißsystem und -verfahren entwickelt.Resistance spot welding is a type of welding process in which electric current is passed through two electrodes and the workpieces to create localized heating in the workpieces. The material forming the workpieces melts and coalesces at the interface between the two workpieces to thereby form a weld pool. The weld pool then cools to form a weld nugget. It is desirable to minimize the time it takes to complete a resistance spot welding process and to maximize the strength and quality of the weld made using the resistance spot welding process. To this end, the presently disclosed resistance spot welding system and method were developed.

Erfindungsgemäß wird ein Widerstandspunktschweißverfahren vorgestellt, das zumindest die folgenden Schritte umfasst: (a) Anordnen einer elektrisch leitfähigen Beschichtung zwischen einem ersten polymeren Werkstück und einem zweiten polymeren Werkstück; (b) Durchstechen des ersten polymeren Werkstückes mit dem ersten und dem zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift einer Schweißelektrodenanordnung; und (c) Anwenden elektrischer Energie auf den ersten und den zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift, sodass ein elektrischer Strom durch den ersten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift, die Beschichtung und den zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift hindurch fließt, um das erste polymere Werkstück, das zweite polymere Werkstück und die Beschichtung zumindest teilweise zum Schmelzen zu bringen und dadurch ein Schweißbad an den Stoßgrenzflächen zu bilden.According to the invention, a resistance spot welding method is presented, which comprises at least the following steps: (a) arranging an electrically conductive coating between a first polymeric workpiece and a second polymeric workpiece; (b) piercing the first polymeric workpiece with first and second electrically conductive pins of a welding electrode assembly; and (c) applying electrical energy to the first and second electrically conductive pins such that an electrical current flows through the first electrically conductive pin, the coating and the second electrically conductive pin to form the first polymeric workpiece, the second polymeric workpiece and to at least partially melt the coating and thereby form a weld pool at the faying interfaces.

Das Widerstandspunktschweißverfahren kann unter Verwendung eines Widerstandspunktschweißsystems durchgeführt werden, um zwei oder mehr polymere Werkstücke zu fügen. Gemäß einer Ausführungsform umfasst das Widerstandspunktschweißsystem eine Leistungsversorgung, die ausgestaltet ist, um elektrische Energie zu liefern. Die Leistungsversorgung weist einen positiven Anschluss und einen negativen Anschluss auf. Das Widerstandspunktschweißsystem umfasst ferner eine Schweißelektrodenanordnung, die mit der Leistungsversorgung elektrisch verbunden ist. Die Schweißelektrodenanordnung umfasst ein Gehäuse, einen ersten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift und einen zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift. Der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift stehen beide von dem Gehäuse vor. Der erste elektrisch leitfähige Stift ist mit dem positiven Anschluss der Leistungsversorgung elektrisch verbunden und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift ist mit dem negativen Anschluss der Leistungsversorgung elektrisch verbunden. Das zweite elektrisch leitfähige Material ist von dem ersten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift elektrisch isoliert und die beiden Stifte sind von dem Gehäuse elektrisch isoliert. Der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift sind zumindest teilweise aus einem Material mit einer Härte in einem Bereich zwischen 50 HRC und 70 HRC auf der Rockwell C-Skala hergestellt. Die vorliegende Offenbarung betrifft auch nur die Schweißelektrodenanordnung. Außerdem bezieht sich die vorliegende Offenbarung auf ein Widerstandspunktschweißverfahren.
Die oben stehenden Merkmale und Vorteile sowie weitere Merkmale und Vorteile der vorliegenden Erfindung sind aus der nachfolgenden detaillierten Beschreibung der besten Arten, die Erfindung auszuführen, in Verbindung mit den beigefügten Zeichnungen ohne weiteres verständlich.The resistance spot welding process can be performed using a resistance spot welding system to join two or more polymeric workpieces. According to one embodiment, the resistance spot welding system includes a power supply configured to deliver electrical energy. The power supply has a positive terminal and a negative terminal. The resistance spot welding system further includes a welding electrode assembly electrically connected to the power supply. The welding electrode assembly includes a housing, a first electrically conductive pin, and a second electrically conductive pin. The first and second electrically conductive pins both protrude from the housing. The first electrically conductive pin is electrically connected to the positive terminal of the power supply and the second electrically conductive pin is electrically connected to the negative terminal of the power supply. The second electrically conductive material is electrically isolated from the first electrically conductive pin and the two pins are electrically isolated from the housing. The first and second electrically conductive pins are at least partially made of a material having a hardness in a range between 50 HRC and 70 HRC on the Rockwell C scale. Also, the present disclosure relates only to the welding electrode assembly. In addition, the present disclosure relates to a resistance spot welding process.
The above features and advantages and other features and advantages of the present invention are readily understood from the following detailed description of the best modes for carrying out the invention when taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.

Figurenlistecharacter list

  • 1 ist eine schematische vordere Schnittansicht eines Schweißsystems; 1 Fig. 12 is a schematic front sectional view of a welding system;
  • 2 ist eine schematische vordere Schnittansicht von zwei polymeren Werkstücken und einer Beschichtung zwischen den zwei polymeren Werkstücken; 2 Figure 12 is a schematic front sectional view of two polymeric workpieces and a coating between the two polymeric workpieces;
  • 3 ist eine schematische vordere Schnittansicht von zwei polymeren Werkstücken, der in 2 gezeigten Beschichtung, und einer Schwei-ßelektrodenanordnung, die eine Klemmkraft auf die polymeren Werkstücke anwendet; 3 is a schematic front sectional view of two polymeric workpieces shown in FIG 2 coating shown, and a welding electrode assembly which applies a clamping force to the polymeric workpieces;
  • 4 ist eine schematische vordere Schnittansicht der zwei polymeren Werkstücke, der elektrisch leitfähigen Beschichtung und der Schwei-ßelektrodenanordnung, die in 3 gezeigt sind, wobei die Schweißelektrodenanordnung elektrische Energie auf die Beschichtung anwendet; 4 is a schematic front sectional view of the two polymeric workpieces, the electrically conductive coating and the welding electrode assembly shown in 3 are shown, wherein the welding electrode assembly applies electrical energy to the coating;
  • 5 ist eine schematische vordere Schnittansicht der zwei polymeren Werkstücke, der elektrisch leitfähigen Beschichtung und der Schwei-ßelektrodenanordnung, die in 4 gezeigt sind, wobei die Schweißelektrodenanordnung von den Werkstücken zurückgezogen ist; 5 is a schematic front sectional view of the two polymeric workpieces, the electrically conductive coating and the welding electrode assembly shown in 4 are shown with the welding electrode assembly retracted from the workpieces;
  • 6 ist eine Querschnittsansicht eines Einsatzes und eines Schweißbades. 6 Figure 12 is a cross-sectional view of an insert and a weld pool.

DETAILLIERTE BESCHREIBUNGDETAILED DESCRIPTION

Bezug nehmend auf die Zeichnungen, in denen sich gleiche Bezugsziffern auf gleiche Komponenten beziehen, illustriert 1 schematisch ein Widerstandspunktschweißsystem 100 zum Fügen von zwei oder mehreren polymeren Werkstücken. In der abgebildeten Ausführungsform kann das Schweißsystem 100 verwendet werden, um ein erstes polymeres Werkstück 10 und ein zweites polymeres Werkstück 20 zu fügen (3). Das erste und das zweite polymere Werkstück 10, 20 (3) sind insgesamt oder teilweise aus einem geeigneten polymeren Verbundstoff wie z. B. einem faserverstärkten Polymer hergestellt. Als nicht einschränkende Beispiele umfassen geeignete polymere Verbundstoffe thermoplastische Verbundstoffe mit einer Matrix, die u. a. aus Polymethyl-Methacrylat, Polybenzimidazol, Polyethylen, Polypropylen, Polyvinylchlorid, Polytetrafluorethylen hergestellt ist. Das erste und das zweite polymere Werkstück 10, 20 (3) können insgesamt oder teilweise auch aus kohlefaserverstärkten Nylonverbindungen hergestellt sein. Der polymere Verbundstoff, der das erste und das zweite polymere Werkstück 10, 20 bildet, weist einen Schmelzpunkt in einem Bereich von 120 Grad Celsius bis 600 Grad Celsius auf. Der polymere Verbundstoff, der das erste und das zweite polymere Werkstück 10, 20 bildet, kann z. B. einen Schmelzpunkt von etwa 270 Grad Celsius aufweisen.Illustrated with reference to the drawings, in which like reference numerals refer to like components 1 schematically shows a resistance spot welding system 100 for joining two or more polymeric workpieces. In the depicted embodiment, the welding system 100 can be used to join a first polymeric workpiece 10 and a second polymeric workpiece 20 ( 3 ). The first and second polymeric workpieces 10, 20 ( 3 ) are made in whole or in part from a suitable polymeric composite such. B. a fiber-reinforced polymer. As non-limiting examples, suitable polymeric composites include thermoplastic composites having a matrix made of polymethyl methacrylate, polybenzimidazole, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride, polytetrafluoroethylene, among others. The first and second polymeric workpieces 10, 20 ( 3 ) may also be made in whole or in part from carbon fiber reinforced nylon compounds. The polymeric composite that forms the first and second polymeric workpieces 10, 20 has a melting point in a range of 120 degrees Celsius to 600 degrees Celsius. The polymeric composite forming the first and second polymeric workpieces 10, 20 may e.g. B. have a melting point of about 270 degrees Celsius.

Das Schweißsystem 100 kann in einem Widerstandspunktschweißverfahren verwendet werden. Beim Widerstandspunktschweißen wird elektrischer Strom durch zwei Elektroden und die Werkstücke hindurch geleitet, um eine örtlich begrenzte Erwärmung in den Werkstücken zu erzeugen. Das Material, das die Werkstücke bildet, schmilzt und fließt an der Grenzfläche zwischen den zwei Werkstücken ineinander, um dadurch ein Schweißbad zu bilden. Das Schweißbad kühlt anschließend ab, um eine Schweißlinse zu bilden, die die zwei Werkstücke aneinander fügt.The welding system 100 can be used in a resistance spot welding process. In resistance spot welding, electric current is passed through two electrodes and the workpieces to create localized heating in the workpieces. The material forming the workpieces melts and coalesces at the interface between the two workpieces to thereby form a weld pool. The weld pool then cools to form a weld nugget that joins the two workpieces together.

Mit fortgesetzter Bezugnahme auf 1 umfasst das Schweißsystem 100 eine Widerstandspunktschweißelektrodenanordnung 102, die elektrisch mit einer Leistungsversorgung 104 wie z. B. einer Gleichstrom (DC)- oder Wechselstrom (AC)-Leistungsversorgung verbunden ist. Die Schweißelektrodenanordnung 102 und die Leistungsversorgung 104 sind Teil eines elektrischen Stromkreises 106. Die Leistungsversorgung 104 umfasst einen positiven Anschluss 108 und einen negativen Anschluss 110 und ist ausgestaltet, um elektrische Energie an die Schwei-ßelektrodenanordnung 102 zu liefern. Anders ausgedrückt kann die Leistungsversorgung 104 elektrischen Strom an die Schweißelektrodenanordnung 102 liefern.With continued reference to 1 The welding system 100 includes a resistance spot welding electrode assembly 102 electrically connected to a power supply 104, such as a power supply. a direct current (DC) or alternating current (AC) power supply. The welding electrode assembly 102 and power supply 104 are part of an electrical circuit 106. The power supply 104 includes a positive terminal 108 and a negative terminal 110 and is configured to provide electrical energy to the welding electrode assembly 102. FIG. In other words, the power supply 104 can provide electrical current to the welding electrode assembly 102 .

Außer der Leistungsversorgung 104 umfasst der elektrische Stromkreis 106 einen elektrischen Schalter 112, der mit der Leistungsversorgung 104 elektrisch in Reihe geschaltet ist. Der elektrische Schalter 112 kann zwischen einem/r EIN-Zustand (oder -Position) und einem/r AUS- Zustand (oder -Position) schalten. In dem EIN-Zustand lässt der elektrische Schalter 112 zu, dass elektrischer Strom durch den elektrischen Stromkreis 106 fließt. Der elektrische Strom kann als solcher von der Leistungsversorgung 104 zu der Schweißelektrodenanordnung 102 fließen, wenn sich der elektrische Schalter 112 im EIN-Zustand befindet. Hingegen unterbricht der elektrische Schalter 112 den Fluss von elektrischem Strom von der Leistungsversorgung 104, wenn er sich in dem AUS-Zustand befindet. Somit unterbricht der elektrische Schalter 112 im AUS-Zustand den elektrischen Stromkreis 106 und infolgedessen kann kein elektrischer Strom von der Leistungsversorgung 104 zu der Schweißelektrodenanordnung 102 fließen. Das Schweißsystem 100 kann ferner einen Transformator umfassen, um den Niederstrom in der Primärschleife zu einem Hochstrom in der Sekundärschleife zu ändern.In addition to the power supply 104, the electrical circuit 106 includes an electrical switch 112 electrically connected in series with the power supply 104. As shown in FIG. The electrical switch 112 can switch between an ON state (or position) and an OFF state (or position). In the ON state, electrical switch 112 allows electrical current to flow through electrical circuit 106 . As such, electrical current may flow from the power supply 104 to the welding electrode assembly 102 when the electrical switch 112 is in the ON state. On the other hand, the electrical switch 112 interrupts the flow of electrical current from the power supply 104 when in the OFF state. Thus, when in the OFF state, the electrical switch 112 breaks the electrical circuit 106 and, as a result, no electrical current can flow from the power supply 104 to the welding electrode assembly 102 . The welding system 100 may further include a transformer to change the low current in the primary loop to a high current in the secondary loop.

Das Schweißsystem 100 umfasst außerdem ein Amperemeter 114, das mit der Leistungsversorgung 104 elektrisch in Reihe geschaltet ist. Das Amperemeter 114 kann den elektrischen Strom in dem elektrischen Stromkreis 106 messen. Es wird in Erwägung gezogen, dass das Amperemeter 114 ein Drehspulen-Amperemeter, ein elektrodynamisches Amperemeter, ein Weicheisen-Amperemeter, ein Heißdraht-Amperemeter, ein digitales Amperemeter, ein integrierendes Amperemeter oder eine beliebige andere Art von Amperemeter sein kann, das geeignet ist, um den elektrischen Strom in dem elektrischen Stromkreis 106 zu messen.The welding system 100 also includes an ammeter 114 electrically connected in series with the power supply 104 . The ammeter 114 can measure the electrical current in the electrical circuit 106 . It is contemplated that the ammeter 114 may be a moving coil ammeter, an electrodynamic ammeter, a soft iron ammeter, a hot wire ammeter, a digital ammeter, an integrating ammeter, or any other type of ammeter suitable to measure the electrical current in the electrical circuit 106 .

Das Schweißsystem 100 umfasst ferner einen Zeitmesser 116 zum Messen von Zeitintervallen. In der abgebildeten Ausführungsform ist der Zeitmesser 116 mit der Leistungsversorgung 104 elektrisch parallel geschaltet. Der Zeitmesser 116 kann verwendet werden, um die Zeit zu messen und zu überwachen, in der die Leistungsversorgung 104 elektrischen Strom an die Schweißelektrodenanordnung 102 liefert.The welding system 100 further includes a timer 116 for measuring time intervals. In the illustrated embodiment, the timer 116 is electrically connected in parallel with the power supply 104 . The timer 116 can be used to measure and monitor the time that the power supply 104 is providing electrical current to the welding electrode assembly 102 .

Bezug nehmend auf die 1 und 3 ist die Schweißelektrodenanordnung 102 elektrisch mit der Leistungsversorgung 104 verbunden und umfasst ein Gehäuse 118. Das Gehäuse 118 definiert eine erste und eine zweite Öffnung 120, 122 (1), die voneinander beabstandet sind. Als nicht einschränkende Beispiele können die erste und die zweite Öffnung 120, 122 Löcher oder Bohrungen sein und stehen im Wesentlichen parallel zueinander. Das Gehäuse 118 definiert auch einen Gehäusehohlraum 119.Referring to the 1 and 3 For example, the welding electrode assembly 102 is electrically connected to the power supply 104 and includes a housing 118. The housing 118 defines first and second openings 120, 122 ( 1 ) that are spaced apart. As non-limiting examples, the first and second openings 120, 122 may be holes or bores and are substantially parallel to one another. The housing 118 also defines a housing cavity 119.

Die Schweißelektrodenanordnung 102 umfasst ferner einen ersten und einen zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124, 126, die von dem Gehäuse 118 vorstehen. Der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 können als erste bzw. zweite Elektrode bezeichnet werden, und jede ist zumindest teilweise im Inneren des Gehäuses 118 angeordnet. In der abgebildeten Ausführungsform ist der erste elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124 teilweise in der ersten Öffnung 120 angeordnet, und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 126 ist teilweise in der zweiten Öffnung 122 angeordnet. Anders ausgedrückt nimmt die erste Öffnung 120 teilweise den ersten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124 auf, und die zweite Öffnung 122 nimmt teilweise den zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 126 auf. Die erste und die zweite Öffnung 120, 122 stehen in Verbindung mit dem Gehäusehohlraum 119, und der Gehäusehohlraum 119 nimmt den ersten und den zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124, 126 teilweise auf. Die erste und die zweite Öffnung 120, 122 sind nebeneinander und parallel zueinander angeordnet. Demzufolge sind der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 auch nebeneinander und parallel zueinander angeordnet.The welding electrode assembly 102 further includes first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 protruding from the housing 118. As shown in FIG. The first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 may be referred to as first and second electrodes, respectively, and each is disposed at least partially within the housing 118. FIG. In the depicted embodiment, the first electrically conductive pin 124 is partially disposed in the first opening 120 and the second electrically conductive pin 126 is partially disposed in the second opening 122 . In other words, the first opening 120 partially receives the first electrically conductive pin 124 and the second opening 122 partially receives the second electrically conductive pin 126 . The first and second openings 120,122 communicate with the housing cavity 119, and the housing cavity 119 partially receives the first and second electrically conductive pins 124,126. The first and second openings 120, 122 are arranged side by side and parallel to one another. Accordingly, the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 are also arranged side by side and parallel to one another.

Der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 sind insgesamt oder teilweise aus einem elektrisch leitfähigen Material wie z. B. einem Metall hergestellt, das eine Härte in einem Bereich zwischen 50 HRC und 70 HRC auf der Rockwell C-Skala aufweist. Als ein nicht einschränkendes Beispiel beträgt die Härte des Materials, das den ersten und den zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124, 126 bildet, etwa 65 HRC auf der Rockwell C-Skala. Es ist zweckdienlich, dass der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 zumindest teilweise aus einem Material mit der Härte und dem Härtebereich, die oben beschrieben sind, hergestellt sind, sodass der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 das erste und das zweite polymere Werkstück 10, 20 durchstechen können (3). Das erste und das zweite polymere Werkstück 10, 20 weisen eine Härte in einem Bereich zwischen 10 HRC und 50 HRC auf der Rockwell C-Skala auf, um zuzulassen, dass der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 (mit der oben beschriebenen Härte) das erste und das zweite polymere Werkstück 10, 20 durchstechen. Als ein nicht einschränkendes Beispiel können der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 z. B. insgesamt oder teilweise aus Stahl hergestellt sein. Jeder von dem ersten und dem zweitem elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124, 126 kann z. B. insgesamt oder teilweise aus einem Hochgeschwindigkeitsstahl T1, einem Hochgeschwindigkeitsstahl M2 oder einem H-13 Werkzeugstahl hergestellt sein. Ferner können der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 insgesamt oder teilweise aus einer Kupferlegierung, Wolframcarbid oder einem Kobaltlegierungsstahl, Wolfram oder einer Legierung auf Molybdänbasis hergestellt sein. Wenn der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 aus Stahl hergestellt sind, können der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 mit einer Kupferlegierung gelötet werden, um die Wärme von dem ersten und dem zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124, 126 abzuführen.The first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 are made in whole or in part from an electrically conductive material such as. B. a metal having a hardness in a range between 50 HRC and 70 HRC on the Rockwell C scale. As a non-limiting example, the hardness of the material forming the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 is about 65 HRC on the Rockwell C scale. Conveniently, the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 are at least partially fabricated from a material having the hardness and hardness range described above such that the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 are the first and can pierce the second polymeric workpiece 10, 20 ( 3 ). The first and second polymeric workpieces 10, 20 have a hardness in a range between 10 HRC and 50 HRC on the Rockwell C scale to allow the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 (with the above described hardness) pierce the first and second polymeric workpieces 10,20. As a non-limiting example, the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 may e.g. B. be made entirely or partially of steel. Each of the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 may e.g. B. be made in whole or in part of a high speed steel T1, a high speed steel M2 or an H-13 tool steel. Further, the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 may be made in whole or in part from a copper alloy, tungsten carbide, or a cobalt alloy steel, tungsten, or a molybdenum-based alloy. If the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 are made of steel, the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 can be brazed with a copper alloy to remove the heat from the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 to dissipate

Um das Durchstechen des ersten polymeren Werkstückes 10 zu erleichtern, umfasst jeder von dem ersten und dem zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124, 126 eine verjüngte oder zugespitzte Spitze 125 bzw. 127. Die verjüngten Spitzen 125, 127 können auch eine Nut definieren, um das Durchstechen des ersten polymeren Werkstückes 10 zu erleichtern.To facilitate piercing of the first polymeric workpiece 10, each of the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 includes a tapered or pointed tip 125, 127, respectively. The tapered tips 125, 127 may also define a groove to facilitate piercing of the first polymeric workpiece 10 to facilitate.

Der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 126 ist von dem ersten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124 elektrisch isoliert. Elektrischer Strom kann als solcher nicht direkt von dem ersten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124 zu dem zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 126 fließen. Um den ersten und den zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124, 126 elektrisch voneinander zu isolieren, umfasst die Schweißelektrodenanordnung 102 eine erste elektrisch isolierende Abdeckung 128 und eine zweite elektrisch isolierende Abdeckung 130. Die erste und die zweite elektrisch isolierende Abdeckung 128, 130 sind insgesamt oder teilweise aus einem elektrisch isolierenden Material wie z. B. einem Polymer hergestellt. Die erste elektrisch isolierende Abdeckung 128 ist teilweise in der ersten Öffnung 120 angeordnet und umgibt zumindest teilweise den ersten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124. Demzufolge nimmt die erste Öffnung 120 teilweise die erste elektrisch isolierende Abdeckung 128 und den ersten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124 auf. Die zweite elektrisch isolierende Abdeckung 130 ist teilweise in der zweiten Öffnung 122 angeordnet und umgibt zumindest teilweise den zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 126. Somit nimmt die zweite Öffnung 122 teilweise die zweite elektrisch isolierende Abdeckung 130 und den zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 126 auf. Alternativ oder zusätzlich zu der ersten und der zweiten elektrisch isolierenden Abdeckung 128, 130 kann die Schweißelektrodenanordnung 102 einen elektrischen Isolator 129 (3) umfassen, um den ersten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124 von dem zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 126 elektrisch zu trennen.The second electrically conductive pin 126 is electrically isolated from the first electrically conductive pin 124 . As such, electrical current cannot flow directly from the first electrically conductive pin 124 to the second electrically conductive pin 126 . To electrically insulate the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 from one another, the welding electrode assembly 102 includes a first electrically insulative cover 128 and a second electrically insulative cover 130. The first and second electrically insulative covers 128, 130 are in whole or in part made of an electrically insulating material such as B. made of a polymer. The first electrically insulative cover 128 is partially disposed within the first opening 120 and at least partially surrounds the first electrically conductive pin 124 . The second electrically insulative cover 130 is partially disposed in the second opening 122 and at least partially surrounds the second electrically conductive pin 126. Thus, the second opening 122 partially receives the second electrically insulative cover 130 and the second electrically conductive pin 126. Alternatively or in addition to the first and second electrically insulating covers 128, 130, the welding electrode assembly 102 may include an electrical insulator 129 ( 3 ) include to be the first to electrically separate electrically conductive pin 124 from the second electrically conductive pin 126.

Die Schweißelektrodenanordnung 102 umfasst einen ersten elektrisch leitfähigen Verbinder 132, der den ersten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124 elektrisch mit dem positiven Anschluss 108 der Leistungsversorgung 104 verbindet. Der elektrische Schalter 112 ist elektrisch in Reihe zwischen dem positiven Anschluss 108 der Leistungsversorgung 104 und den ersten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124 geschaltet. Ferner umfasst die Schweißelektrodenanordnung 102 einen zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Verbinder 134, der den zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 126 elektrisch mit dem negativen Anschluss 110 der Leistungsversorgung 104 verbindet. Das Amperemeter 114 ist elektrisch in Reihe zwischen den negativen Anschluss 110 der Leistungsversorgung 104 und den zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Verbinder 134 geschaltet.The welding electrode assembly 102 includes a first electrically conductive connector 132 that electrically connects the first electrically conductive pin 124 to the positive terminal 108 of the power supply 104 . The electrical switch 112 is electrically connected in series between the positive terminal 108 of the power supply 104 and the first electrically conductive pin 124 . The welding electrode assembly 102 further includes a second electrically conductive connector 134 that electrically connects the second electrically conductive pin 126 to the negative terminal 110 of the power supply 104 . The ammeter 114 is electrically connected in series between the negative terminal 110 of the power supply 104 and the second electrically conductive connector 134 .

Die 2-5 illustrieren schematisch ein Widerstandspunktschweißverfahren mithilfe des oben beschriebenen Schweißsystems 100. Zuerst, in 2, beginnt das Verfahren, indem eine Beschichtung 30 zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten polymeren Werkstück 10, 20 angeordnet wird. Anders ausgedrückt wird die Beschichtung 30 an der Grenzfläche zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten polymeren Werkstück 10, 20 (d. h. der Schweißgrenzfläche) angeordnet. Es ist nicht notwendig, ein anderes Heizelement an der Schweißgrenzfläche anzuordnen. Die Beschichtung 30 ist insgesamt oder teilweise aus einem elektrisch und thermisch leitfähigen Material hergestellt. Als ein nicht einschränkendes Beispiel kann die Beschichtung 30 ein Ruß oder ein thermoplastisches Material sein. Die Beschichtung 30 kann z. B. eine 839 Graphite Conductive Coating, eine 838 Total Ground Carbon Conductive Coating oder eine 843 Silver Coated Copper Conductive Coating sein. Das zweite Werkstück 20 kann einen Werkstückhohlraum 24 umfassen, der ausgestaltet, geformt und dimensioniert ist, um die Beschichtung 30 zumindest teilweise aufzunehmen. Außerdem definiert das erste polymere Werkstück 10 eine erste Stoßfläche 12, und das zweite Werkstück 20 definiert eine zweite Stoßfläche 22. In dem in 2 illustrierten Schritt kann die Beschichtung 30 zuerst in dem Werkstückhohlraum 24 oder auf der zweiten Stoßfläche 22 angeordnet werden. Dann wird das erste polymere Werkstück oben auf der Beschichtung 30 und dem zweiten polymeren Werkstück 20 angeordnet, sodass die erste Stoßfläche 12 der zweiten Stoßfläche 22 zugewandt ist. Dann schreitet das Verfahren zu dem in 3 illustrierten Schritt weiter.The 2-5 schematically illustrate a resistance spot welding process using the welding system 100 described above. First, in 2 , the process begins by placing a coating 30 between the first and second polymeric workpieces 10,20. In other words, the coating 30 is placed at the interface between the first and second polymeric workpieces 10, 20 (ie, the weld interface). It is not necessary to place another heating element at the welding interface. The coating 30 is made, in whole or in part, from an electrically and thermally conductive material. As a non-limiting example, the coating 30 can be carbon black or a thermoplastic material. The coating 30 can e.g. B. an 839 Graphite Conductive Coating, an 838 Total Ground Carbon Conductive Coating or an 843 Silver Coated Copper Conductive Coating. The second workpiece 20 may include a workpiece cavity 24 configured, shaped, and sized to at least partially receive the coating 30 . In addition, the first polymeric workpiece 10 defines a first abutment surface 12 and the second workpiece 20 defines a second abutment surface 22. In FIG 2 In the illustrated step, the coating 30 may be placed in the workpiece cavity 24 or on the second faying surface 22 first. The first polymeric workpiece is then placed on top of the coating 30 and the second polymeric workpiece 20 such that the first mating surface 12 faces the second mating surface 22 . Then the procedure proceeds to the in 3 illustrated step further.

3 illustriert einen Schritt, bei dem die Schweißelektrodenanordnung 102 in Richtung des ersten polymeren Werkstückes 10 vorgerückt wird, sodass der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 das erste polymere Werkstück 10 durchstechen. Anders ausgedrückt bringt der in 3 illustrierte Schritt das Durchstechen des ersten polymeren Werkstückes 10 mit dem ersten und dem zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124, 126 mit sich. Sobald der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 das erste polymere Werkstück 10 durchstechen, wird die Schweißelektrodenanordnung 102 in die durch den Pfeil F1 angezeigte Richtung vorgerückt, um den ersten und den zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124, 126 durch das erste polymere Werkstück 10 hindurch vorzurücken. Der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 werden gleichzeitig durch das erste polymere Werkstück 10 hindurch in der durch den Pfeil F1 angezeigten Richtung vorgerückt, bis der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 mit der zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten polymeren Werkstück 10, 20 angeordneten Beschichtung 30 in Kontakt gelangen. Somit bringt der in 3 illustrierte Schritt mit sich, dass der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 durch das erste polymere Werkstück 10 hindurch vorgerückt werden, bis der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 mit der zwischen dem ersten polymeren Werkstück 10 und dem zweiten polymeren Werkstück 20 angeordneten Beschichtung 30 in Kontakt gelangen. 3 12 illustrates a step in which the welding electrode assembly 102 is advanced toward the first polymeric workpiece 10 such that the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 pierce the first polymeric workpiece 10. FIG. In other words, the in 3 The illustrated step entails piercing the first polymeric workpiece 10 with the first and second electrically conductive pins 124,126. Once the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 pierce the first polymeric workpiece 10, the welding electrode assembly 102 is advanced in the direction indicated by arrow F1 to insert the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 through the first polymeric workpiece 10 to advance through. The first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 are simultaneously advanced through the first polymeric workpiece 10 in the direction indicated by arrow F1 until the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 are at the intermediate of the first and second polymeric workpiece 10, 20 arranged coating 30 come into contact. Thus, the in 3 The illustrated step entails advancing the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 through the first polymeric workpiece 10 until the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 engage with the gap between the first polymeric workpiece 10 and the second polymeric workpiece 20 arranged coating 30 come into contact.

Mit Bezugnahme auf 6 spielt für die Einsatzgestaltung die Geometrie der Beschichtung oder des Einsatzes [engl. inert] 123 eine bedeutende Rolle. Die Form sollte eine gleichmäßige Wärme um die Schweißlinse N herum bereitstellen, wie in 6 gezeigt. Der Einsatz 123 kann z. B. eine im Wesentlichen zylindrische Form aufweisen, um eine gleichmäßige Wärme um die Schweißlinse N herum bereitzustellen.With reference to 6 the geometry of the coating or the insert plays a role in insert design. inert] 123 an important role. The shape should provide even heat around the weld nugget N, as in 6 shown. The insert 123 can, for. B. have a substantially cylindrical shape to provide even heat around the weld nugget N around.

Der in 3 gezeigte Schritt bringt auch mit sich, dass Druck (durch Anwenden einer Klemmkraft in den durch die Pfeile F1 und F2 angezeigten Richtungen) auf das erste polymere Werkstück 10 angewendet wird, um das erste polymere Werkstück 10 gegen die Beschichtung 30 und das zweite polymere Werkstück 20 zu pressen. Um dies zu bewerkstelligen, wird das Schweißelektrodensystem 102 in Richtung des ersten polymeren Werkstückes 10 und der Beschichtung 30 in der durch den Pfeil F1 angezeigten Richtung vorgerückt, bis das Gehäuse 118 mit dem ersten polymeren Werkstück 10 in Kontakt gelangt. Sobald das Gehäuse 118 mit dem ersten polymeren Werkstück 10 in Kontakt steht, wird die Schweißelektrodenanordnung 102 kontinuierlich in der durch den Pfeil F1 angezeigten Richtung vorgerückt, um das erste polymere Werkstück 10 gegen die Beschichtung 30 und das zweite polymere Werkstück 20 zu pressen. Somit übt die Schweißanordnung 102 Druck gegen das erste polymere Werkstück 10 aus, um das erste und das zweite polymere Werkstück 10, 20 zusammenzupressen. Da die Schwei-ßelektrodenanordnung 102 dazu dient, Druck auf dem ersten und dem zweiten polymeren Werkstück 10, 20 auszuüben und einen elektrischen Strom an der Grenzfläche zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten polymeren Werkstück 10 und 20 zu leiten, kann die Schweißelektrodenanordnung 102 als eine Hybrid-Schweißelektrodenanordnung bezeichnet werden.the inside 3 The step shown also entails applying pressure (by applying a clamping force in the directions indicated by arrows F1 and F2) to the first polymeric workpiece 10 to clamp the first polymeric workpiece 10 against the coating 30 and the second polymeric workpiece 20 to press. To accomplish this, the welding electrode system 102 is advanced towards the first polymeric workpiece 10 and the coating 30 in the direction indicated by arrow F1 until the housing 118 contacts the first polymeric workpiece 10 . Once the housing 118 is in contact with the first polymeric workpiece 10, the welding electrode assembly 102 is continuously advanced in the direction indicated by arrow F1 to press the first polymeric workpiece 10 against the coating 30 and the second polymeric workpiece 20. Thus, the weld assembly 102 applies pressure against the first polymeric work piece 10 to press the first and second polymeric workpieces 10, 20 together. Since the welding electrode assembly 102 serves to apply pressure to the first and second polymeric workpieces 10, 20 and to conduct an electrical current at the interface between the first and second polymeric workpieces 10 and 20, the welding electrode assembly 102 can be used as a hybrid - Welding electrode arrangement are called.

Wenngleich der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 gleichzeitig durch das erste polymere Werkstück 10 hindurch vorrücken, wenn Druck [engl. pressured] auf das erste polymere Werkstück 10 angewendet wird, können der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 das zweite polymere Werkstück 20 teilweise durchstechen. Der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 können durch das erste polymere Werkstück 10 hindurch in der durch den Pfeil F1 angezeigten Richtung vorgerückt werden, bis der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 mit der Beschichtung 30 in Kontakt gelangen und das zweite polymere Werkstück 20 teilweise durchdringen.Although the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 advance simultaneously through the first polymeric workpiece 10 when pressure is applied. pressured] is applied to the first polymeric workpiece 10, the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 may partially pierce the second polymeric workpiece 20. The first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 can be advanced through the first polymeric workpiece 10 in the direction indicated by arrow F1 until the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 contact the coating 30 and partially penetrate the second polymeric workpiece 20 .

Wie in 4 gezeigt, wird, sobald der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 mit der Beschichtung 30 in Kontakt stehen wird, elektrische Energie auf den ersten und den zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124, 126 angewendet, sodass elektrischer Strom (von der Leistungsversorgung 104) zuerst zu dem ersten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124, dann durch die Beschichtung 30 hindurch und als Nächstes durch den zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 126 hindurch fließt. Die Leistungsversorgung 104 liefert an die Beschichtung 30 elektrische Energie (über den ersten und den zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift 124, 126) mit einem hinreichenden elektrischen Strom und über eine ausreichende Zeitspanne. Die aus den Widerständen der Beschichtung 30 und der Stifte gegen den Strom resultierende Wärme erweicht oder bringt das Material um die Stifte 124 und 126 zum Schmelzen und bringt die Beschichtung 30 und zumindest einen Teil von dem ersten und dem zweiten polymeren Werkstück 10, 20 zum Schmelzen und bildet dadurch ein Schweißbad W an den Stoßgrenzflächen. Wie oben erörtert, sind das erste und das zweite polymere Werkstück 10, 20 aus einem Material mit einem Schmelzpunkt von etwa 270 Grad Celsius hergestellt. Somit wird ein hinreichend hoher elektrischer Strom über eine hinreichende Zeitspanne durch die Beschichtung oder den Einsatz 123 hindurch geleitet, um das erste polymere Werkstück 10, das zweite polymere Werkstück 20 und die Beschichtung oder den Einsatz 123 auf eine Temperatur zu erhitzen, die über 270 Grad Celsius liegt. Es kann auch ein Material für die Beschichtung 30 gewählt werden, das einen ausreichenden Widerstand aufweist, um die Zykluszeit zu verkürzen. Während dieses Aufheizvorganges kann die Beschichtung oder der Einsatz 123 schmelzen, und Abschnitte des ersten und des zweiten polymeren Werkstückes 10, 20, welche die Beschichtung oder den Einsatz 123 umgeben, können schmelzen, um die Schweißlinse N zu bilden. Um einen elektrischen Schock zu vermeiden, sollte der Schweißplan einen anfänglichen elektrischen Stromschock vermeiden und eine widerstandsstabile Dauer verwenden, um die verbindende Linse zu bilden.As in 4 As shown, once the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 are in contact with the coating 30, electrical energy is applied to the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 such that electrical current (from the power supply 104) first to the first electrically conductive stud 124, then through the coating 30 and next through the second electrically conductive stud 126. The power supply 104 provides electrical energy to the coating 30 (via the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126) with a sufficient electrical current and for a sufficient period of time. The heat resulting from the resistances of the coating 30 and the pins against the current softens or melts the material around the pins 124 and 126 and melts the coating 30 and at least a portion of the first and second polymeric workpieces 10,20 and thereby forms a weld pool W at the butt interfaces. As discussed above, the first and second polymeric workpieces 10, 20 are made from a material having a melting point of about 270 degrees Celsius. Thus, a sufficiently high electrical current is passed through the coating or insert 123 for a sufficient period of time to heat the first polymeric workpiece 10, the second polymeric workpiece 20 and the coating or insert 123 to a temperature in excess of 270 degrees centigrade lies. A material can also be chosen for the coating 30 that has sufficient resistivity to reduce cycle time. During this heating process, the coating or insert 123 may melt and portions of the first and second polymeric workpieces 10, 20 surrounding the coating or insert 123 may melt to form the weld nugget N. To avoid electric shock, the welding schedule should avoid an initial electric shock and use a resistively stable duration to form the connecting lens.

Wie in 5 gezeigt, werden nach dem Bilden des Schweißbades W der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 von dem ersten polymeren Werkstück 10 zurückgezogen. Es kann zweckdienlich sein, eine vorbestimmte Zeitspanne zu warten, bevor der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift 124, 126 zurückgeholt werden, um sicherzustellen, dass das erste und das zweite Werkstück 10, 20 von der Schmelzlinse gehalten werden. Um dies zu bewerkstelligen, wird die Schweißelektrodenanordnung 102 von dem ersten polymeren Werkstück 10 in der durch den Pfeil R angezeigten Richtung weg bewegt. Das Schweißbad W wird dann abgekühlt, um eine Schweißlinse N zu bilden, welche das erste und das zweite polymere Werkstück 10, 20 fügt. Anders ausgedrückt bringt der in 5 gezeigte Schritt mit sich, dass das Schweißbad W abgekühlt wird, bis das Schweißbad W erstarrt und die Schweißlinse N bildet. Das Abkühlen kann über natürliche Konduktion erfolgen. Das heißt, es kann zugelassen werden, dass das Schweißbad W abkühlt. Unabhängig von dem Kühlverfahren bildet das Schweißbad W, nachdem es abgekühlt ist, eine feste Schweißlinse N, welche das erste und das zweite polymere Werkstück 10, 20 fügt. Da das Polymer des ersten und des zweiten Werkstückes 10, 20 eine relativ geringe Wärmeleitfähigkeit aufweist, werden die nach dem Entfernen des ersten und des zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stifts 124, 126 in dem ersten und dem zweiten Werkstück 10, 20 zurückleibenden Hohlräume wahrscheinlich teilweise mit dem umgebenden viskosen Polymer gefüllt.As in 5 1, after the weld pool W is formed, the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 are withdrawn from the first polymeric workpiece 10. FIG. It may be convenient to wait a predetermined period of time before retrieving the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 to ensure that the first and second workpieces 10, 20 are held by the fused lens. To accomplish this, the welding electrode assembly 102 is moved away from the first polymeric workpiece 10 in the direction indicated by arrow R . The weld pool W is then cooled to form a weld nugget N joining the first and second polymeric workpieces 10,20. In other words, the in 5 entails that the weld pool W is cooled until the weld pool W solidifies and the weld nugget N forms. Cooling can take place via natural conduction. That is, the weld pool W can be allowed to cool. Regardless of the cooling method, the weld pool W, after it cools, forms a solid weld nugget N joining the first and second polymeric workpieces 10,20. Because the polymer of the first and second workpieces 10, 20 has a relatively low thermal conductivity, the voids left in the first and second workpieces 10, 20 after removal of the first and second electrically conductive pins 124, 126 are likely to be partially filled with the surrounding viscous polymer filled.

Claims (1)

Widerstandspunktschweißverfahren, das zumindest die folgenden Schritte umfasst: (a) Anordnen einer elektrisch leitfähigen Beschichtung (30) zwischen einem ersten polymeren Werkstück (10) und einem zweiten polymeren Werkstück (20); (b) Durchstechen des ersten polymeren Werkstückes (10) mit einem ersten und einem zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift (124, 126) einer Schweißelektrodenanordnung, bis der erste und der zweite elektrisch leitfähige Stift (124, 126) mit der zwischen dem ersten und dem zweiten polymeren Werkstück (10, 20) angeordneten Beschichtung (30) in Kontakt gelangen; und (c) Anwenden elektrischer Energie auf den ersten und den zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift (124, 126), sodass ein elektrischer Strom durch den ersten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift (124), die Beschichtung (30) und den zweiten elektrisch leitfähigen Stift (126) hindurch fließt, um das erste polymere Werkstück (10), das zweite polymere Werkstück (20) und die Beschichtung (30) zumindest teilweise zum Schmelzen zu bringen und dadurch ein Schweißbad (W) an den Stoßgrenzflächen zu bilden.A resistance spot welding method comprising at least the steps of: (a) placing an electrically conductive coating (30) between a first polymeric workpiece (10) and a second polymeric workpiece (20); (b) piercing the first polymeric workpiece (10) with first and second electrically conductive pins (124, 126) of a welding electrode assembly until the first and second electrically conductive pins (124, 126) mate with the intermediate of the first and second Polymeric workpiece (10, 20) arranged coating (30) in contact reach; and (c) applying electrical energy to the first and second electrically conductive pins (124, 126) such that an electrical current flows through the first electrically conductive pin (124), the coating (30) and the second electrically conductive pin (126). flows therethrough to at least partially melt the first polymeric workpiece (10), the second polymeric workpiece (20), and the coating (30), thereby forming a weld pool (W) at the faying interfaces.
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1690620B2 (en) 1967-03-23 1975-12-04 Nichiriku Gohmei Kaisha, Tokio Method of manufacturing an electrical resistance spot welding electrode
DE19514687A1 (en) 1994-04-20 1995-10-26 Nippon Denso Co Method and device for controlling resistance welding
KR20050043233A (en) 2003-11-05 2005-05-11 장희석 High precision micro spot welding machine
CN101543933A (en) 2009-03-06 2009-09-30 陕西科技大学 Carriage compartment side skin single-side double-spot spot-welding suspension system
DE102008020582A1 (en) 2008-04-24 2009-11-05 Yazaki Corporation Resistance welding method involves welding plating layer of strand and base material of metal plate which are comprised with metal that does not form intermetallic compound
KR100964718B1 (en) 2009-11-19 2010-06-21 (주)위드 Electrode holder for resistance welding and device for resistance welding with the same

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1690620B2 (en) 1967-03-23 1975-12-04 Nichiriku Gohmei Kaisha, Tokio Method of manufacturing an electrical resistance spot welding electrode
DE19514687A1 (en) 1994-04-20 1995-10-26 Nippon Denso Co Method and device for controlling resistance welding
KR20050043233A (en) 2003-11-05 2005-05-11 장희석 High precision micro spot welding machine
DE102008020582A1 (en) 2008-04-24 2009-11-05 Yazaki Corporation Resistance welding method involves welding plating layer of strand and base material of metal plate which are comprised with metal that does not form intermetallic compound
CN101543933A (en) 2009-03-06 2009-09-30 陕西科技大学 Carriage compartment side skin single-side double-spot spot-welding suspension system
KR100964718B1 (en) 2009-11-19 2010-06-21 (주)위드 Electrode holder for resistance welding and device for resistance welding with the same

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