DE102014221569A1 - Hydrodynamic torque converter for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

Hydrodynamic torque converter for a motor vehicle, comprising at least the following components:
A turbine with turbine blades for a hydrodynamic fluid;
- An anti-vibration device comprising at least one centrifugal pendulum for the eradication of vibrations;
An elastic connecting element between the turbine and the anti-vibration device, which transmits a rotational movement sprung between the turbine and the anti-vibration device.
The invention likewise relates to a hydrodynamic torque converter for a motor vehicle, comprising at least the following components:
A turbine with turbine blades for a hydrodynamic fluid;
- An anti-vibration device for damping and / or eradicating vibrations;
A dissipation element which connects the turbine to the anti-vibration device and which transmits a rotational movement damped between the turbine and the anti-vibration device.
With the hydrodynamic torque converter proposed here, it is possible to achieve noise reduction and protection of elements of an anti-vibration device in a small space.

Description

The invention relates to a hydrodynamic torque converter for a motor vehicle, in particular a starting element with a centrifugal pendulum.

Hydrodynamic starting elements are known from the state of the art with which a motor vehicle can be set from standstill into the driving movement. Here, a rotational movement is generated via a pumped liquid via turbine blades. It can come to jerky starting movements that lead to noise within the starting element. Also, sensitive parts, in particular pendulum masses of a centrifugal pendulum, can be damaged if the jerk is too strong.

On this basis, the present invention has the object, at least partially overcome the known from the prior art disadvantages. The object is solved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

• – eine Turbine mit Turbinenschaufeln für eine hydrodynamische Flüssigkeit;
• – eine Antivibrationseinrichtung, die zumindest ein Fliehkraftpendel umfasst, zum Tilgen von Schwingungen;
• – ein elastisches Verbindungselement zwischen der Turbine und der Antivibrationseinrichtung, welches eine Rotationsbewegung gefedert zwischen der Turbine und der Antivibrationseinrichtung überträgt.

The invention relates to a hydrodynamic torque converter for a motor vehicle, which has at least the following components:

• A turbine with turbine blades for a hydrodynamic fluid;
• - An anti-vibration device comprising at least one centrifugal pendulum for the eradication of vibrations;
• An elastic connecting element between the turbine and the anti-vibration device, which transmits a rotational movement sprung between the turbine and the anti-vibration device.

The hydrodynamic torque converter is configured to convert a pumping motion of a hydrodynamic fluid into a torque, including a turbine with turbine blades. In order to eliminate vibrations which may take place during the torque conversion, an anti-vibration device, which comprises at least one centrifugal pendulum, is provided which is set up to eliminate at least one specific frequency range. The term "amortization" refers to a frequency-specific cancellation or reduction of an amplitude. This effect is achieved by the design of the at least one centrifugal pendulum to a specific natural frequency or a specific natural frequency range, at the natural frequency or in the natural frequency range, the pendulum masses of the centrifugal pendulum are offset by a predetermined incoming vibration frequency counter-vibration that the vibration amplitude of the incoming vibration the triggered counter vibration of the pendulum masses is reduced or even the vibration is completely extinguished. Such a centrifugal pendulum must therefore to solve the task movable elements (single, pendulum suspended pendulum masses) include, which can strike at a jerky driving the anti-vibration device and thus emit noise or even damaged. To avoid this, an elastic connecting element is provided between the turbine and the anti-vibration device, which transmits a rotational movement between the turbine and the anti-vibration device sprung. As a result, it is achieved that the rotational movement is transmitted to the respective other element with a delay, whereby an erosion effect is achieved at an oscillation frequency which is below the delay time. Namely, the incoming vibration is already back on the opposite rotational path, while the elastic connecting element is still compressed in the other direction and the stored energy has not passed. Thus, the energy introduced into the elastic connecting element is discharged again in the direction in which it was introduced into the elastic connecting element. Furthermore, the elastic connecting member may have the task to translate a jerky movement by the delay due to the sprung connection in a gentler acceleration. In addition to this delay or in addition to the eradication of jerky torque inputs by the elastic connecting element, the elastic connecting element is of course able to transmit an applied torque without loss.

• – eine Turbine mit Turbinenschaufeln für eine hydrodynamische Flüssigkeit;
• – eine Antivibrationseinrichtung zum Dämpfen oder Tilgen von Schwingungen;
• – ein Dissipationselement, welches die Turbine mit der Antivibrationseinrichtung verbindet und welches seine Rotationsbewegungen gedämpft zwischen der Turbine und der Antivibrationseinrichtung überträgt.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a hydrodynamic torque converter for a motor vehicle is proposed, which has at least the following components:

• A turbine with turbine blades for a hydrodynamic fluid;
• - An anti-vibration device for damping or eradicating vibrations;
• A dissipation element which connects the turbine to the anti-vibration device and which transmits its rotational movements damped between the turbine and the anti-vibration device.

The hydrodynamic torque converter is configured to convert a pumping motion of a hydrodynamic fluid into a torque, including a turbine with turbine blades. To dampen and / or eliminate vibrations that occur during the Torque conversion can take place, an anti-vibration device is further provided, which is adapted to dampen at least a certain frequency range or to pay off. Such an anti-vibration device must comprise movable elements to solve the problem, which can strike at a jerky driving the anti-vibration device and thus emit noise or even be damaged. In order to avoid this, a dissipation element is provided between the turbine and the anti-vibration device, which transmits a rotational movement between the turbine and the anti-vibration device in a damped manner. The dissipation element is designed to achieve attenuation via the dissipation of energy. For example, the dissipation element is an elastomer that converts an applied kinetic energy into thermal energy. Apart from the different technical process, the dissipation element fulfills the same purpose as the elastic connection element according to the above description. The dissipation element is also able to transmit a torque (virtually) lossless. Only a jerky torque input or a vibrating superposition are converted into heat energy and damped accordingly.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the hydrodynamic torque converter, the anti-vibration device comprises at least one centrifugal pendulum.

With the use of a centrifugal pendulum, it is particularly advantageous to keep low the increase in acceleration on the centrifugal pendulum, so that the pendulum masses of the centrifugal pendulum do not deflect excessively and the centrifugal pendulum is not damaged or the noise level is not too high. Especially a centrifugal pendulum is sensitive to excessive jerk (the time derivative of the acceleration) which is reduced by the device proposed here.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the hydrodynamic torque converter, the hydrodynamic torque converter further comprises an elastic connecting element between the turbine and the anti-vibration device, which transmits a rotational movement sprung between the turbine and the anti-vibration device, wherein the elastic connecting element and the dissipation element are formed by a single common device.

In this advantageous embodiment, the advantages of an elastic connecting element and a dissipation element are combined in a single common device. In this case, it is possible, for example, to transmit a torque transmission in a specific frequency range loss-free, while in another frequency range, the jerky torque transmission is dissipated. By forming both properties in a single common device, the overall hydrodynamic torque converter remains small in size.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the hydrodynamic torque converter, the dissipation element is generated by a frictional connection, wherein preferably the frictional connection is formed by means of compressed friction surfaces, and particularly preferably the friction surfaces are pressed together by means of a plate spring.

By a frictional connection, a fixed mechanical connection is not present, but the frictional connection can slip against each other, so that by concern of excessive torque only slipping of the frictional connection takes place. Preferably, this frictional connection is formed by means of compressed friction surfaces, as e.g. are common in a clutch. In this case, the friction surfaces are pressed against each other with a contact force, which multiplied by the coefficient of friction (gives the friction force) and the mean diameter of the friction surfaces (corresponds to the lever arm), the transmissible torque. If the transmittable by the friction surfaces at the applied contact force torque exceeded, so slip through the friction surfaces and the input energy is converted into heat. Particularly simple such compression can be generated by means of a plate spring, which presses the friction surfaces against each other. A disc spring has the advantage that it is able to permanently generate a consistent force and is insensitive to twisting. In addition, a plate spring requires only very small axial space, so that the space requirement of the hydrodynamic torque converter with such a dissipation element is not (substantially) increased.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the hydrodynamic torque converter, the elastic connecting element is formed by at least one bow spring.

A bow spring not only has the advantage that it is inflected in the direction of torque movement and thus always in (curved) axial spring alignment and thus loaded in accordance with the main load direction, but also has a dissipative effect, in which the deflection of the bow spring (from the straight alignment of a conventional coil spring) in friction and thus heat is converted. This further increases the delay effect.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the hydrodynamic torque converter, the turbine and the anti-vibration device are rotatable limited relative to each other.

Limiting the rotatability of the turbine to the anti-vibration device prevents an excessively delayed response from occurring, which hinders torque transmission and / or the response of the anti-vibration device. It is particularly advantageous if the stiffness of the elastic connecting element or the dissipation element is so high that the jerky acceleration is sufficiently sprung or damped before the limit is reached, so that damage or noise in the anti-vibration device no longer takes place.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the hydrodynamic torque converter, the turbine and the anti-vibration device are rotatable relative to one another from a normal position only in one direction.

By limiting the rotatability in only one direction of rotation (or after rotation in the one direction of rotation in the return direction) is achieved that a spring-loaded connection or damped connection takes place only in one direction of torque transmission. In particular, during towing operation, in which an inverted torque transmission takes place, it is advantageous not to effect any additional elastic or damped transmission, or this is not necessary, because in many applications, a high acceleration in the rearward direction is not expected. The normal position is, for example, the position that the turbine and the anti-vibration device have without actuation or without deflection of the elastic connection means and / or the dissipation element to each other. In this normal position, movement in this preferred embodiment is blocked in a twisting direction, preferably mechanically, while it is free in the other twisting direction. In all other positions, however, the movement is not limited. In some embodiments, however, it is advantageous to further provide a maximum limit, for example in an elastic connection, so that the elastic elements are not overloaded. However, this limitation is to be provided as a pure safety measure that does not interfere with the design compensation area of the elastic connection or of the dissipation element in order to protect the anti-vibration device, in particular a centrifugal pendulum.

According to a further aspect of the inventors, a starting element for a motor vehicle is proposed, which has a torque converter as described above.

With a starting element for a motor vehicle, a motor vehicle with a directly high applied torque can be slowly set in motion at a low rotational speed. In this case, it is particularly advantageous to use an elastic connecting element or a dissipation element according to the above description, which minimizes the noise emission and prevents damage to an anti-vibration device.

According to a further aspect of the invention, a motor vehicle is proposed, which has a drive unit with an output shaft, a drive train and a starting element according to the above description.

Most motor vehicles today have a front-wheel drive and therefore preferably arrange the drive unit, for example an internal combustion engine or an electric motor, in front of the driver's cab and transversely to the main drive direction. The space is particularly small in such an arrangement and it is therefore particularly advantageous to use a friction clutch small size.

The space situation for passenger cars in the small car class is being tightened according to the European classification. The units used in a passenger car of the small car class are not significantly reduced compared to passenger cars larger car classes. Nevertheless, the available space for small cars is much smaller. The starting element described above allows a high-torque starting, while at the same time preserving the anti-vibration device and reducing the noise emission can be achieved with a small size.

Passenger cars are classified according to vehicle class according to, for example, size, price, weight, power, but this definition is subject to constant change according to the needs of the market. In the US market, cars of the subcompact car class are classified as small cars and micro cars according to European classification, and in the British market they correspond to the class Supermini, for example of the class Citycar. Examples of the micro car class are a Volkswagen Fox or a Renault Twingo. Examples of the small car class are an Alfa Romeo Mito, Volkswagen Polo, Ford Fiesta or Renault Clio.

The features listed in the claims can be combined with one another in any technologically meaningful manner and can be supplemented by explanatory facts from the description and details of the figures, wherein further embodiments of the invention are shown.

The invention and the technical environment will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. The figures show particularly preferred embodiments, to which the invention is not limited. In particular, it should be noted that the figures and in particular the proportions shown are only schematic. Show it.

1 a hydrodynamic torque converter

2 a first embodiment of a Dissipationselements

3 A second embodiment of a Dissipationselements

4 a motor vehicle with starting element.

In 1 is a hydrodynamic torque converter 1 shown which is a turbine 3 , from here only a turbine blade 4 You can see it over a hydrodynamic fluid 5 is drivable. Here is an anti-vibration device 6 , which is here a centrifugal pendulum, via an elastic connecting element 7 connected. Here is the elastic connecting element 7 over a bow spring 13 formed, which also has dissipative properties at the same time.

In 2 is a section of a hydrodynamic torque converter 1 shown, namely a Dissipationselement 8th , which is arranged in the place as in 1 the elastic connecting element 7 , Here is the dissipation element 8th by a frictional connection 9 formed, which by a first friction surface 10 and a second friction surface 11 is generated, which by means of a plate spring 12 pressed together.

In 3 is a similar arrangement as in 2 shown here, wherein here the first friction surface 10 and the second friction surface 11 are arranged on a same paragraph as the fragment shown turbine 3 , This will give you more space.

In 4 is a motor vehicle 2 shown in which a drive unit 15 over its output shaft 16 by means of a starting element 14 with a purely schematically illustrated drive train 17 is connectable. Here is the drive unit 15 with its motor axis 20 transverse to the longitudinal axis 19 and in front of the driver's cab 18 of the motor vehicle 2 arranged.

With the hydrodynamic torque converter proposed here, it is possible to achieve noise reduction and protection of elements of an anti-vibration device in a small space.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 Hydrodynamic torque converter

2

 motor vehicle

3

 turbine

4

 turbine blade

5

 Hydrodynamic fluid

6

 Anti vibration device

7

 elastic connecting element

8th

 dissipation

9

 frictional connection

10

 first friction surface

11

 second friction surface

12

 Belleville spring

13

 bow spring

14

 starting element

15

 drive unit

16

 drive shaft

17

 powertrain

18

 cab

19

 longitudinal axis

20

 motor axis

Claims (10)

Hydrodynamic torque converter ( 1 ) for a motor vehicle ( 2 ), comprising at least the following components: - a turbine ( 3 ) with turbine blades ( 4 ) for a hydrodynamic fluid ( 5 ); An anti-vibration device ( 6 ), comprising at least one centrifugal pendulum, for the eradication of vibrations; An elastic connecting element ( 7 ) between the turbine ( 3 ) and the anti-vibration device ( 6 ), which rotates between the turbine ( 3 ) and the anti-vibration device ( 6 ) transmits. Hydrodynamic torque converter ( 1 ) for a motor vehicle ( 2 ), comprising at least the following components: - a turbine ( 3 ) with turbine blades ( 4 ) for a hydrodynamic fluid ( 5 ); An anti-vibration device ( 6 ) for damping and / or erasing vibrations; - a dissipation element ( 8th ), which the turbine ( 3 ) with the anti-vibration device ( 6 ) and which dampens a rotational movement between the turbine ( 3 ) and the anti-vibration device ( 6 ) transmits. Hydrodynamic torque converter ( 1 ) according to claim 2, wherein the anti-vibration device ( 6 ) comprises at least one centrifugal pendulum. Hydrodynamic torque converter ( 1 ) according to claim 3, further comprising an elastic connecting element ( 7 ) between the turbine ( 3 ) and the anti-vibration device ( 6 ), which rotates between the turbine ( 3 ) and the anti-vibration device ( 6 ), wherein the elastic connecting element ( 7 ) and the dissipation element ( 8th ) are formed by a single common device. Hydrodynamic torque converter ( 1 ) according to claim 2, 3 or 4, wherein the dissipation element ( 8th ) by a frictional connection ( 9 ), wherein preferably the frictional connection ( 9 ) by means of compressed friction surfaces ( 10 . 11 ) is formed, and particularly preferably the friction surfaces ( 10 . 11 ) by means of a disc spring ( 12 ) are pressed together. Hydrodynamic torque converter ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1, 4 or 5, wherein the elastic connecting element ( 7 ) by at least one bow spring ( 13 ) is formed. Hydrodynamic torque converter ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the turbine ( 3 ) and the anti-vibration device ( 6 ) are limited relative to each other rotatable. Hydrodynamic torque converter ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a rotation of the turbine ( 3 ) and the anti-vibration device ( 6 ) relative to each other from a normal position only in one direction is possible. Starting element ( 14 ) for a motor vehicle ( 2 ), comprising a torque converter ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims. Motor vehicle ( 2 ) comprising a drive unit ( 15 ) with an output shaft ( 16 ), a powertrain ( 17 ) and a starting element ( 14 ) according to claim 9.

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