DE102014214743B4 - Annular gear component, in particular a ring gear, with running teeth bent in a ring shape - Google Patents

Abstract

Ring-shaped gear component (23, 28) with a toothing (12, 16) formed on the ring-shaped gear component (23, 28), wherein the ring-shaped gear component (23, 28) or a ring element of the ring-shaped gear component (23, 28) consists of a strip-like starting workpiece (10) is formed, the starting workpiece (10) together with the toothing (12,16) formed thereon has been bent into an annular shape, the annular gear component (23,28) as a ring gear and the toothing (12,16) as a running toothing (12, 16) are formed and two ends (21, 22, 24, 25) of the starting workpiece (10) after bending in a ring shape with one another or with other ends of one or two ring elements are materially connected, in particular welded, are characterized that the material-locking connection or the material-locking connections each partially forms / form a tooth gap (26, 27).

Description

The invention relates to an annular transmission component with a toothing formed on the annular transmission component, wherein the annular transmission component or a ring element of the transmission component is formed from a strip-like starting workpiece and the starting workpiece has been bent into an annular shape together with the toothing formed on it. The invention also relates to a transmission with an annular transmission component of this type and a method for producing the transmission component.

A gear, such as a planetary gear, has a number of movable components intended for torque transmission, which must be manufactured as simply but precisely as possible in order to reduce costs. The general aim is to avoid machining and to replace this with forming techniques, whereby the required precision, which is defined by the function of the gear part, must still be guaranteed.

A gearshift sleeve for a manual gearbox or a dual clutch gearbox is a transmission component which is provided to produce a non-rotatable fixation between a synchromesh body and a gearwheel if required, with an internal toothing of the gearshift sleeve being intended to implement axial interventions with radial gears if necessary.

Out DE 197 57 186 A1 and DE 10 2006 042 216 A1 Synchro-bodies are known which have an internal toothing and an external toothing and are optionally designed in several parts. Here, too, cold deformations can advantageously be used in order to produce inexpensive synchronizer bodies.

Out DE 101 49 845 A1 and DE 10 2006 042 216 A1 Shift sleeves are known which are at least partially formed from a flat sheet metal strip and assume their ring shape after reshaping the toothing. In both cases, tooth gaps in the toothing can be tolerated.

Out DE 198 20 654 A1 a shift sleeve is known which is formed from an endless material with internal teeth and after a welding process has an annular shape to connect the two ends. A shift fork guide is subsequently adapted.

Further gears with internal gears and their manufacturing processes are from DE 102 10 393 A1 , US 2013/0 213 167 A1 and CH 474 697 A known.

Shift sleeves are particularly suitable for using forming techniques in connection with continuous material in their manufacture in order to achieve savings in manufacturing costs. Unfortunately, the situation is that a transmission consists of a large number of transmission components that are partially or not at all accessible to such manufacturing processes. This is due, for example, to a required precision and possibly has a disadvantageous effect on the service life.

The invention is based on the object of using manufacturing processes for an annular gear component of the type mentioned at the beginning, which are more geared towards the forming of initial workpieces or intermediate products, so that machining can be largely avoided without incurring disadvantages in terms of the functionality and precision of the annular gear component have to.

The object is achieved with an annular transmission component of the type mentioned at the outset according to the features of claim 1.

Further advantageous embodiments are protected by the subclaims.

It is provided according to the invention that the ring-shaped transmission component is designed as a ring gear and the toothing is designed as a running toothing. Ring gears are used in planetary gears, shaft gears or actuator gears, whereby a high degree of precision has to be achieved, especially since the toothing is a running gear. In the case of running gears, the two gears to be brought into engagement are always only interlocked in a certain area, with a relative rotational movement of the engagement partners causing different teeth or tooth valleys to come into the area of engagement. This is the case, for example, with involute teeth.

In the embodiment according to the invention, two ends of the starting workpiece are materially connected, in particular welded, to one another or to other ends of one or more ring elements after the bending in a ring shape. It is thus possible to form the ring-shaped transmission component from one ring element or several ring elements which are each connected to one another via their ends. The connection is advantageously materially bonded, in particular implemented by a weld seam. The material connection can subsequently be adapted to the ring shape by pushing or machining or reshaping.

Advantageously, the teaching of the invention is not restricted to welding to produce a material-locking connection. Alternatively, the ends of a ring element or the ends of different ring elements can also be connected by soldering or joining. In a further alternative, the ends of the ring element or the ring elements are connected to one another in a form-locking manner, the form-locking connection being combined with a material-locking connection. For example, hooks formed at the ends are provided for the form fit, which can optionally be welded to one another in a form fit.

In an embodiment not claimed, the material-locking connection or the material-locking connections each partially form a tooth valley. In the case of running gears, precision requirements are mainly placed on the design of the teeth, which are essentially unaffected by the material-locking connection in terms of their dimensions. The connection of the teeth at the two ends is brought about by the material connection, that is for example the weld seam, whereby the material introduced by the connection is used to form the tooth valley. Fewer or at least fewer demands are placed on the tooth valley in terms of precision than on a tooth, so that the material-locking connection can be produced more easily.

In the embodiment according to the invention, the material-locking connection or the material-locking connections each partially form a tooth gap. A tooth gap is larger in the circumferential direction than a tooth valley. In particular, the width of the tooth gap in the circumferential direction can be a multiple of a tooth valley width. The width of the tooth gap can advantageously be described by the number of missing teeth. If, for example, a tooth is missing, the tooth gap takes a width in the circumferential direction which corresponds to two tooth valleys and one tooth.

With a tooth gap, it is possible to take into account possible deformations or bulges in the production of the material-locking connection, whereby, however, the overall overlap of the ring gear with its mating gear must be taken into account. The correct kinematics must be established in each case, whereby a total coverage of two or more teeth is required for the omission of a tooth and a total coverage of three or more teeth if the tooth gap is defined by two omitted teeth. A further cost-saving effect can advantageously be achieved here, depending on the overall coverage.

In an advantageous embodiment, the running toothing is an internal toothing or an external toothing. It is advantageous to form the internal or external toothing in advance on the flat starting workpiece or intermediate product, because the position of the adjacent teeth is only reduced after the bending process in the case of the internal toothing and increased in the case of the external toothing. For example, tooth valleys can be formed much more easily with internal toothing because the stamping or punching tool can more easily reach the regions of the tooth valley than with an initial workpiece that is already in the form of a ring. In addition, it is foreseeable that bending deformation takes place mainly in the tooth valleys and that the teeth of the toothing remain essentially unaffected by the bending process with regard to their dimensions.

In an advantageous embodiment, the running toothing is an inclined toothing or a straight toothing. In the case of angled toothing, the tooth valleys and the teeth themselves run on a straight line that forms an angle to the axis of rotation or is not parallel to it. Alternatively, the teeth and the tooth valleys of an inclined toothing can also follow curved lines which are essentially arranged on a cylindrical surface around the axis of rotation. Here, too, production by pressing or embossing is significantly easier because the deformations and shapings are carried out on a planar initial workpiece, for example an intermediate product.

In the case of straight teeth, the ring-shaped gear component, in particular a ring gear, can function as a ring gear of a harmonic drive or a planetary gear, whereas in the case of angled teeth, use in an actuator gear is conceivable.

In an advantageous embodiment, the material-locking connection or the material-locking connections are machined or butted. Post-machining offers the greatest degree of freedom for producing the desired shape of the ring-shaped transmission component, in particular in the area of the material-locking connection. Alternatively, the material connection can be acted upon in an abutting manner, whereby a lower component precision is accepted, but costs can be saved.

In an advantageous embodiment, the running teeth on the starting workpiece are formed by stamping or pressing. In this case, it may be sensible that material displaced in the plane is cut off after the embossing or pressing process of the running gearing, around the axial Set the width of the annular gear component and produce its axial end faces. This leads to a formation of the running gear with few defects, which, through the displaced material in the outer area, indicates that a very good profile depth has been achieved and the punching or embossing tool is completely filled by the metal, in particular sheet metal.

In an advantageous embodiment, the gear is provided with an annular gear component according to the invention, the gear being designed as an actuator gear, planetary gear or harmonic gear. The ring-shaped transmission component is not necessarily a ring gear, but can be designed as another ring-shaped transmission component, such as a synchronizer body, with internal or external toothing.

In the method according to the invention for producing an annular transmission component with a toothing formed on the annular transmission component, the annular transmission component or a ring element of the annular transmission component being formed from a strip-like initial workpiece, the initial workpiece with the toothing formed thereon has been bent into an annular shape.

According to the invention, the ring-shaped transmission component is designed as a ring gear and the toothing is designed as a running toothing. The running gearing is provided for engaging a mating gearing of a mating gear (for example a planet) of the transmission, which teeth are toothed in an area of engagement, the area of engagement being traversed by teeth of both gears when the kinematics are operated.

In the method according to the invention for producing an annular transmission component with a toothing formed on the annular transmission component, the annular transmission component or a ring element of the annular transmission component is formed from a strip-like initial workpiece and the initial workpiece is bent into an annular shape together with the toothing formed thereon, the annular transmission component as a ring gear and the toothing are designed as running teeth. In this way, the manufacturing process is made accessible to further transmission components without sacrificing the required precision.

• 1 ein streifenartiges Ausgangswerkstück nach einem Prägevorgang,
• 2 ein weiteres streifenförmiges Ausgangswerkstück, welches zu einem ringförmigen Getriebebauteil gebogen und verschweißt ist,
• 3 den Verbindungsbereich der beiden Enden des streifenförmigen Ausgangswerkstücks aus 2,
• 4 den Verbindungsbereich aus 3 aus einer weiteren Perspektive,
• 5 ein aus einem gebogenen Streifen gefertigtes Hohlrad mit schräger Verzahnung und einer Zahnlücke mit einem fehlenden Zahn im Verbindungsbereich,
• 6 den Verbindungsbereich des Hohlrades aus 5 im Detail,
• 7 den Verbindungsbereich eines Hohlrades mit einer Zahnlücke, die durch zwei fehlende Zähne definiert ist, und
• 8 zeigt ein Hohlrad mit einer schrägen Innenverzahnung und einer Zahnlücke im Verbindungsbereich, die durch drei fehlende Zähne definiert ist.

Preferred developments and advantageous developments of the invention are further described and explained in the subclaims and / or the description of the figures. The same reference symbols in different figures denote the same components or elements. Show it:

• 1 a strip-like initial workpiece after an embossing process,
• 2 Another strip-shaped starting workpiece, which is bent and welded to form an annular gear component,
• 3 the connection area of the two ends of the strip-shaped starting workpiece 2 ,
• 4th the connection area 3 from another perspective,
• 5 a ring gear made from a curved strip with angled teeth and a tooth gap with a missing tooth in the connection area,
• 6th the connection area of the ring gear 5 in detail,
• 7th the connection area of a ring gear with a tooth gap that is defined by two missing teeth, and
• 8th shows a ring gear with angled internal toothing and a tooth gap in the connection area, which is defined by three missing teeth.

1 shows a flat strip 10 an endless material comprising metal displaced in a plane to which the holding ends 13th belong, but also the tooth ends of the running gears that run out on both sides 12th . The strip shown 10 has been produced by a stamping process, but can also have been pressed as an alternative. Furthermore, the holding ends 13th Cut off on both sides and also the tapered tooth ends of the running gear 12th capped on both sides. This can be done, for example, in a single punching process or in several cutting processes. The result is flat end faces and a well-defined surface at the two ends of the strip. The strip now forms 10 the starting workpiece for an internal or external toothed ring gear.

2 shows a ring gear 14th , which has an internal gear 16 has, as angled internal teeth 16 is executed. The weld 15th connects the two ends 21,22 of the ring-shaped starting workpiece, which has been cut from an endless strip before being formed into a ring.

Since it is an inclined internal toothing 16 acts, the weld also runs 15th between two fasteners 19th obliquely, or forms an angle to both connecting elements running in the axial direction 19th and to the axis of rotation 11 out.

The tooth valley 18th , which is partially from the weld 15th is also formed by the two adjacent teeth 17th educated. The tooth valley 18th is not demanding in terms of precision, so that subsequent treatment of the weld seam 15th is not required, or only requires minor measures, such as pushing or arrows, in order to enable smooth intervention or smooth kinematics.

The cylindrical outer surface 20th is only due to the connecting elements which are equidistantly spaced in the circumferential direction 19th and in one case through the weld 15th interrupted. The fasteners 19th allow an advantageous fit in a hollow cylindrical receptacle, wherein the connecting elements 19th are advantageously elastically or plastically deformed. The weld seam remains 15th unaffected, especially since the distance to the hollow cylindrical receptacle by the connecting elements 19th is preserved and the weld seam 15th does not have to be touched from the radial outside.

3 shows the connection area of the ring gear 14th out 2 through the two ends 21,22, as well as through the weld seam 15th is formed. It can be clearly seen that the radial external dimensions of the connecting elements 19th the radial outer dimension of the weld seam 15th protrude radially to avoid interactions with the weld seam 15th when pressing in the ring gear 14th to avoid.

4th shows the weld 15th the 3 as well as the two ends 21,22 from a different perspective, whereby it can be seen that the tooth valley 18th through the tooth flanks of the adjacent teeth 17th as well as through the weld seam 15th is formed.

5 shows the ring gear 23 with the weld 15th , with the tooth gap 26th is defined by a circumferential spacing between two adjacent teeth, the spacing width of two tooth valleys and one (missing) tooth being defined. In other words, the tooth gap 26th is defined by a missing tooth. The precision requirements in the connection area of the two welded ends 24, 25 are lower, especially since the heat propagation during the weld can advantageously continue into the two ends 24, 25 without generating critical changes at the two ends 24, 25 that occur the teeth or the internal teeth 16 as such.

6th shows the connection area of the ring gear 23 out 5 , whose tooth gap 26th due to two missing teeth 17th is defined.

7th shows the connection area of the ring gear 28 the 8th with a weld 15th in a joint area with a tooth gap 27 that was formed by having two teeth 17th have been left out.

8th shows an embodiment of an internally toothed ring gear 28 with a large gap between teeth 29 in its internal teeth 16 . As long as the kinematics have an omission of three teeth 17th allowed, the advantage arises that the weld seam 15th bring a high heat input with them when they arise and can still meet the precision specifications.

The ring gears shown in the exemplary embodiments of the figures are each formed from a single ring element which has been welded at both ends. It is also conceivable that the ring gear or another transmission component according to the invention consists of a number of two, three or more ring elements which each have a material-locking connection together with the ring element adjacent in the circumferential direction.

In summary, the invention relates to an annular transmission component 14, 23, 28 with a toothing formed on the annular transmission component 14, 23, 28, the annular transmission component 14, 23, 28 or a ring element of the annular transmission component 14, 23, 28 being formed from a strip-like starting workpiece and the starting workpiece has been bent into an annular shape together with the toothing 12, 16 formed thereon. With the aim of being able to implement the ring-shaped transmission component 14, 23, 28 in as many different types of ring-shaped transmission components 14, 23, 28 as possible, it is proposed to use the toothing 12, 16 as a running toothing and the ring-shaped transmission component as a ring gear 14, 23 To train 28. In this way, a ring gear 14, 23, 28 can be produced by means of punching and / or embossing steps, possibly reworking with cutting or punching processes without adversely affecting the generic properties of a ring gear 14, 23, 28.

List of reference symbols

10

Strip / starting workpiece

11th

Axis of rotation

12th

Toothing / running teeth

13th

Stopping

14th

Ring gear

15th

Weld

16

Internal teeth / running teeth

17th

tooth

18th

Tooth Valley

19th

Connecting element

20th

cylindrical outer surface

21

first end

22nd

second end

23

Ring gear

24

first end

25th

second end

26th

Tooth gap

27

Tooth gap

28

Ring gear

29

Tooth gap

Claims (6)

Ring-shaped gear component (23, 28) with a toothing (12, 16) formed on the ring-shaped gear component (23, 28), the ring-shaped gear component (23, 28) or a ring element of the ring-shaped gear component (23, 28) being made from a strip-like starting workpiece (10) is formed, the starting workpiece (10) together with the toothing (12,16) formed thereon has been bent into an annular shape, the annular gear component (23,28) as a ring gear and the toothing (12,16) as a running gear (12,16) are formed and two ends (21,22,24,25) of the starting workpiece (10) after the bending in a ring shape with one another or with other ends of one or two ring elements are materially connected, in particular welded, are characterized that the material-locking connection or the material-locking connections each partially forms / form a tooth gap (26, 27). Annular gear component (23,28) according to Claim 1 wherein the running toothing (12, 16) is an internal toothing (16). Annular gear component (23,28) according to Claim 2 , wherein the running toothing (12,16) is an oblique toothing (12,16) or a straight toothing. Annular gear component (23,28) according to Claim 1 , wherein the material connection or the material connection is / are reworked by machining or butting. Annular gear component (23, 28) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the running toothing (12) on the starting workpiece (10) is formed by stamping or pressing. Gear, in particular actuator gear, planetary gear or harmonic gear, with an annular gear component (23, 28) according to one of the preceding claims.

Images