DE102014212808A1 - Optimization of the oil distribution of a wet / moist multi-plate clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a clutch for a motor vehicle, wherein the clutch is operated in an oil bath, comprising at least - a clutch housing into which a transmission input shaft extends and within the clutch housing - an annular inner friction disc carrier with first friction plates rotatably connected to the transmission input shaft; - A shaft which is non-rotatably connected to an annular outer friction disc carrier with second friction plates; A coupling central portion disposed within the annular friction disc carrier; A disengaging device for separating and connecting a frictional connection between the first friction plates and the second friction plates; and characterized in that in the clutch housing further - an oil collection device is provided with a wall surface which is rotatably connected to the clutch housing, and - a rotationally fixed to the inner friction disc carrier associated annular Ölleitvorrichtung with an open end face and an inner peripheral surface; wherein the oil collection device has a distribution channel extending through the open end side so that oil collected via the oil collection device is directed via the distribution channel and over the inner circumferential surface into the central coupling region.

Description

The invention relates to a clutch for motor vehicles, especially for motorcycles, cars, trucks, tractors, wherein the clutch is used as an oil bath clutch. In particular, the term clutch here includes double clutches and hybrid clutches. In particular, the clutch is a multi-plate clutch (compression spring clutch, leaf spring clutch, disc spring clutch, booster clutch).

The life of a clutch depends in particular on the ability of the clutch to dissipate heat during operation of the motor vehicle. While the cooling of a dry clutch is done solely by radiation, the wet clutches can use the high thermal conductivity and heat capacity of the oil to better dissipate the heat. To meet ever stricter emission limits, vehicle manufacturers are forced to increase powertrain efficiency. In particular, the amount of oil in the primary gear ratio of motorcycles is significantly reduced. Although the increase in oil quality has made it possible to extend the service interval, the lubrication of the friction plates of the oil bath clutch has been significantly deteriorated because of the reduction in the amount of oil. As soon as the clutch turns, the oil is removed from the friction plates due to the centrifugal force.

In clutches that are operated in an oil bath, the friction fins are lubricated by the turbulence of the oil during operation of the motor vehicle. However, the oil is swirled only undefined, so that adequate lubrication of the friction plates can not be guaranteed. In some clutches, it is possible to supply oil via the transmission input shaft to the clutch central region, so that a defined and sufficient lubrication is achieved.

On this basis, the present invention has the object, at least partially overcome the known from the prior art disadvantages. In particular, a clutch is to be proposed in which a defined and sufficient lubrication of the friction plates is ensured. In particular, oil should also be supplied via the clutch central area for clutches in which a supply of oil via the transmission input shaft is not possible. The object is solved by the features of independent claim 1. Advantageous developments are the subject of the dependent claims.

• – ein Kupplungsgehäuse, in das sich eine Getriebeeingangswelle hinein erstreckt und innerhalb des Kupplungsgehäuses
• – einen mit der Getriebeeingangswelle drehfest verbundenen ringförmigen inneren Reiblamellenträger mit ersten Reiblamellen;
• – eine Welle, die drehfest mit einem ringförmigen äußeren Reiblamellenträger mit zweiten Reiblamellen verbunden ist;
• – ein Kupplungszentralbereich, der innerhalb der ringförmigen Reiblamellenträger angeordnet ist; und
• – eine Ausrückvorrichtung, zum Trennen und Verbinden eines Kraftschlusses zwischen den ersten Reiblamellen und den zweiten Reiblamellen.

The invention relates to a clutch for a motor vehicle, wherein the clutch is operated in an oil bath, at least comprising

• - A clutch housing into which extends a transmission input shaft and inside the clutch housing
• - One with the transmission input shaft rotatably connected annular inner friction disc carrier with first friction plates;
• - A shaft which is non-rotatably connected to an annular outer friction disc carrier with second friction plates;
• A coupling central portion disposed within the annular friction disc carrier; and
• - A release device, for separating and connecting a frictional connection between the first friction plates and the second friction plates.

• – eine Ölsammeleinrichtung mit einer Wandfläche, die mit dem Kupplungsgehäuse drehfest verbunden ist, und
• – eine mit dem inneren Reiblamellenträger drehfest verbundene ringförmige Ölleitvorrichtung mit einer offenen Stirnseite und einer Innenumfangsfläche vorgesehen;

wobei die Ölsammeleinrichtung eine Verteilungsrinne aufweist, die sich durch die offene Stirnseite hindurch erstreckt, so dass über die Ölsammeleinrichtung aufgefangenes Öl über die Verteilungsrinne und über die Innenumfangsfläche in den Kupplungszentralbereich geleitet wird.Next is in the clutch housing

• - An oil collection device with a wall surface which is rotatably connected to the clutch housing, and
• - Provided with the inner friction disc carrier rotatably connected annular Ölleitvorrichtung with an open end face and an inner peripheral surface;

wherein the oil collection device has a distribution channel extending through the open end side so that oil collected via the oil collection device is directed via the distribution channel and over the inner circumferential surface into the central coupling region.

Within the fixed clutch housing, the inner and the outer friction plate carrier are rotatably arranged. In particular, a release device is arranged on the inner friction disk carrier, so that a release plate can be moved together with the first friction plates attached thereto in the axial direction. As a result of this axial movement, a frictional connection between the first friction plates and second friction plates can be solved / separated. The non-positive connection is generated again when the release device is not actuated by the return spring in the release device. As a result of the non-positive connection, torques of the drive unit (eg, an internal combustion engine) are transmitted from the shaft to the transmission input shaft.

Frictional connections presuppose a normal force on the surfaces to be joined together (here the friction plates). Their mutual displacement is prevented, as long as the counter-force caused by the static friction is not exceeded.

The coupling central area is located inside the friction plate carrier. When turning the clutch, the oil that is in the Clutch central area is passed through the rotating components of the clutch so swirled that it is promoted due to the centrifugal force towards the friction plates. The coupling central region extends in particular in the axial direction over a region which is enclosed in the radial direction on the outside of friction plates.

In particular, the annular Ölleitvorrichtung towards the oil collection device on an open end face and an inner peripheral surface. Starting from the oil collecting device, the oil is conducted by gravity to the inner peripheral surface of the Ölleitvorrichtung. In particular, the inner peripheral surface is tapered so that the oil is transferred to the central coupling region along the inner peripheral surface and along the axial direction due to gravity.

According to a preferred embodiment, the disengagement device comprises a disengaging pin arranged in the transmission input shaft and a disengaging plate connected to the inner friction disc carrier (but movable in the axial direction), the disengaging plate being moved by the disengaging pin for disengaging and connecting the non-positive connection in an axial direction ; wherein the release plate has a Ausdrückopf, wherein the Ausrückopf has the Ölleitvorrichtung.

According to a preferred embodiment, the release plate has an end face on which the annular Ausdrückopf is arranged, wherein the annular Ölleitvorrichtung is arranged in the axial direction between the end face and wall surface, wherein on the end face a plurality of passages are arranged, via which the oil in the coupling central area is passed.

In particular, the Ausrückopf between release plate and Ausrückstift is arranged and between Ausrückopf and Ausrückstift a release bearing is provided.

In particular, the oil is passed through the release bearing into the central coupling region. In particular, the oil passes between the rolling elements of the release bearing and is already accelerated by the rotating rolling elements so that a sufficient lubrication of the friction plates is achieved.

According to a preferred embodiment Ausdrückopf and Ausrückplatte are cohesively connected to each other. Cohesive connections are all compounds in which the connection partners are held together by atomic or molecular forces. They are at the same time non-detachable connections, which can only be separated by destruction of the connecting means.

In particular, the oil collection device is connected via the wall surface with the coupling housing.

According to a preferred embodiment, at least one collecting channel is arranged below the wall surface, so that the oil collected over the wall surface passes into the distribution channel via the at least one collecting channel as a result of gravity.

In particular, the wall surface is arranged parallel to a wall of the coupling housing and connected thereto. But it is also conceivable that a part of the coupling housing is designed as a wall surface and that the oil is transferred from the wall surface in the collecting troughs. In particular, collecting channels and distribution channel are integrally connected to the coupling housing.

In particular, the collecting channel and the distribution channel have a gradient, so that the oil can flow, as a result of gravity, over the distribution channel onto the inner peripheral surface of the oil-guiding device.

The features listed individually in the claims can be combined with one another in any technologically meaningful manner and can be supplemented by explanatory facts from the description and details from the figures, wherein further embodiments of the invention are shown.

The invention and the technical environment will be explained in more detail with reference to FIGS. The figures show particularly preferred embodiments, to which the invention is not limited. In particular, it should be noted that the figures and in particular the illustrated proportions are only schematic. Like reference numerals designate like objects. Show it:

1 a first coupling of the prior art in a side view in section;

2 a second coupling of the prior art in a side view in section;

3 a first embodiment of a coupling in a side view in section;

4 : the clutch off 3 with rotating clutch;

5 a second embodiment variant of a coupling in a side view in section;

6 : the clutch off 5 with rotating clutch;

7 a third variant of a coupling in a side view in section;

8th an oil collector;

9 : a motor vehicle

1 shows a first clutch 1 from the prior art in a side view in section, in an oil bath 3 is operated. The coupling 1 includes a clutch housing 4 into which there is a transmission input shaft 5 extends inside and inside the clutch housing 4 one with the transmission input shaft 5 rotatably connected annular inner friction disc carrier 7 with first friction plates 8th , Next includes the clutch 1 a wave 6 , which rotatably with an annular outer friction disc carrier 9 with second friction plates 10 connected is. A coupling central area 27 is within the annular friction disc carrier 7 . 9 arranged. A release device 11 , for separating and connecting a non-positive connection 30 between the first friction plates 8th and the second friction plates 10 includes a release pin 25 that is in the transmission input shaft 5 is arranged, and a release plate 23 , About the release pin 25 and release bearing 22 becomes the release plate 23 in the axial direction 29 moved, so that the non-positive connection 30 between the first and second friction plates 8th . 10 is solved. A return spring 19 counteracts the actuating force and generates the frictional connection 30 , In operation of the clutch 1 becomes the oil 17 from the oil bath 3 swirled, leaving the friction plates 8th . 10 with oil 17 be wetted. This supply of oil 17 However, does not ensure adequate lubrication of the friction plates 8th . 10 at all times.

2 shows second clutch 1 from the prior art in a side view in section, wherein, in contrast to the first clutch 1 in 1 here the release device 11 , or the release pin 25 not in the transmission input shaft 5 is arranged. Therefore, here the supply of oil 17 through the transmission input shaft 5 through. The oil 17 is due to the rotating components in the coupling central region towards the friction plates 8th . 10 distributed.

3 shows a first embodiment of a coupling 1 in a side view in section, with the clutch 1 in an oil bath 3 is operated. The coupling 1 includes a clutch housing 4 into which there is a transmission input shaft 5 extends inside and inside the clutch housing 4 one with the transmission input shaft 5 rotatably connected annular inner friction disc carrier 7 with first friction plates 8th , Next includes the clutch 1 a wave 6 , which rotatably with an annular outer friction disc carrier 9 with second friction plates 10 connected is. A coupling central area 27 is within the annular friction disc carrier 7 . 9 arranged. A release device 11 , for separating and connecting a non-positive connection 30 between the first friction plates 8th and the second friction plates 10 includes a release pin 25 that is in the transmission input shaft 5 is arranged, and a release plate 23 , About the release pin 25 and release bearing 22 becomes the release plate 23 in the axial direction 29 moved, so that the non-positive connection 30 between the first and second friction plates 8th . 10 is solved. A return spring 19 counteracts the actuating force and generates the frictional connection 30 , In the clutch housing 4 is still an oil collector 14 with a wall surface 33 arranged with the coupling housing 4 rotatably connected. The coupling 1 also includes one with the inner friction disc carrier 7 rotatably connected annular Ölleitvorrichtung 28 with an open front 13 and an inner peripheral surface 24 , The oil collector 28 has a distribution channel 15 on, extending in the axial direction 29 through the open front 13 extends through it, so that over the oil collection device 28 Trapped oil 17 over the distribution channel 15 and over the inner peripheral surface 24 in the coupling central area 27 is directed. On the wall surface 33 this will be in the clutch housing 4 swirled oil 17 at least partially separated. As a result of gravity 18 gets the oil 17 from the wall surface 33 to the distribution channel 15 , From the distribution channel 15 the oil is running 17 due to gravity 18 on the conical inner peripheral surface 24 the Ölleitvorrichtung 28 and along the inner peripheral surface 24 towards the release bearing 22 , About the release bearing 22 gets the oil 17 then in the coupling central area 27 and is there by rotating components of the clutch 1 towards the friction plates 8th . 10 continued or swirled.

Here is the Ölleitvorrichtung 28 through an opening pot 12 formed between the release plate 23 and release bearing 22 is arranged.

4 shows the clutch 3 with rotating coupling 1 , The arrows show the distribution of the oil 17 during operation of the clutch 1 , The oil collector 14 is about a fixture 26 with the coupling housing 4 connected.

5 shows a second embodiment of a coupling 1 in a side view in section. In contrast to the representation in 3 and 4 here is the Ausrückopf 12 integral (one-piece / cohesively connected) with the release plate 23 executed.

6 shows the clutch 1 out 5 with rotating coupling. The arrows show the distribution of the oil 17 during operation of the clutch 1 ,

7 shows a third embodiment of a coupling 1 in a side view in section. In contrast to the representations in the 3 to 6 here is Ölleitvorrichtung 28 not between release plate 23 and release bearing 22 arranged. Here is the release plate 23 an end face 32 on, at the annular Ausdrückopf 12 is arranged, wherein the annular Ölleitvorrichtung 28 in the axial direction 29 between face 32 and wall surface 33 is arranged, being at the end face 32 a plurality of passages 34 are arranged over which the oil 17 in the coupling central area 27 is directed.

8th shows an oil collector 14 with wall surface 33 , Collecting gutters 21 and distribution channel 15 , That in the rotating clutch 1 swirled oil 17 is partly on the wall surface 33 deposited. As a result of gravity 18 the oil is running 17 from the wall surface 33 into the collecting troughs 21 and from there into the distribution channel 15 , The distribution channel 15 extends in the axial direction toward the clutch central region 27 , From the distribution channel 15 gets the oil 17 on the inner peripheral surface 24 the Ölleitvorrichtung 28 and further into the central coupling area 27 , The wall surface 33 can about fixings 26 to the coupling housing 4 be connected.

9 shows a motor vehicle 2 , with a drive unit 16 , a wave 6 , a clutch 1 and a transmission input shaft 5 , About the clutch 1 are torques from the drive unit 16 on the transmission input shaft 5 transfer.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 clutch

2

 motor vehicle

3

 oil bath

4

 clutch housing

5

 Transmission input shaft

6

 wave

7

 Inner friction disc carrier

8th

 First friction plates

9

 Outer friction disc carrier

10

 Second friction plates

11

 declutching

12

 Ausrücktopf

13

 front

14

 Oil collection device

15

 distribution channel

16

 drive unit

17

 oil

18

 gravity

19

 Return spring

20

 centrifugal

21

 collecting channel

22

 release bearing

23

 release plate

24

 Inner circumferential surface

25

 Ausrückstift

26

 attachment

27

 Clutch Central Area

28

 Oil guide

29

 Axial direction

30

 traction

31

 Radial direction

32

 face

33

 wall surface

34

 passages

Claims (8)

Clutch ( 1 ) for a motor vehicle ( 2 ), where the coupling ( 1 ) in an oil bath ( 3 ) is operated, at least comprising - a clutch housing ( 4 ) into which a transmission input shaft ( 5 ) and within the coupling housing ( 4 ) - one with the transmission input shaft ( 5 ) rotatably connected ringför shaped inner friction disc carrier ( 7 ) with first friction plates ( 8th ); - a wave ( 6 ), the non-rotatably with an annular outer Reiblamel lenträger ( 9 ) with second friction plates ( 10 ) connected is; A coupling central area ( 27 ), which within the annular friction disc carrier ( 7 . 9 ) is arranged; A release device ( 11 ), for separating and connecting a force-fitting connection ( 30 ) between the first friction plates ( 8th ) and the second friction plates ( 10 ); and characterized in that in the coupling housing ( 4 ) - an oil collector ( 14 ) with a wall surface ( 33 ) provided with the coupling housing ( 4 ) is rotatably connected, and - one with the inner friction disc carrier ( 9 ) rotatably connected ring-shaped Ölleitvorrichtung ( 28 ) with an open end face ( 13 ) and an inner peripheral surface ( 24 ); the oil collecting device ( 14 ) a distribution channel ( 15 ), which extends through the open end face ( 13 ), so that via the oil collection device ( 14 ) collected oil ( 17 ) via the distribution channel ( 15 ) and over the inner peripheral surface ( 24 ) in the coupling central area ( 27 ). Clutch ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the release device ( 11 ) one in the transmission input shaft ( 5 ) arranged release pin ( 25 ) and one with the inner friction disc carrier ( 7 ) rotatably connected release plate ( 23 ), wherein the release plate ( 23 ) through the release pin ( 25 ) to disconnect and connecting the non-positive connection ( 30 ) in an axial direction ( 29 ) is moved; the release plate ( 23 ) a Ausdrückopf ( 12 ), wherein the Ausdrückopf ( 12 ) the oil guiding device ( 28 ) having. Clutch ( 1 ) according to claim 2, wherein the release plate ( 23 ) an end face ( 32 ), at which the annular Ausdrückopf ( 12 ), wherein the annular Ölleitvorrichtung ( 28 ) in the axial direction ( 29 ) between face ( 32 ) and wall surface ( 33 ) is arranged, wherein at the end face ( 32 ) a plurality of passages ( 34 ), over which the oil ( 17 ) in the coupling central area ( 27 ). Clutch ( 1 ) according to claim 2, wherein the Ausrückopf ( 12 ) between release plate ( 23 ) and release pin ( 25 ) and between Ausrückopf ( 12 ) and release pin ( 25 ) a release bearing ( 22 ) is provided. Clutch ( 1 ) according to claim 4, wherein the oil ( 17 ) through the release bearing ( 22 ) through into the central coupling region ( 27 ). Clutch ( 1 ) according to one of claims 2 to 4, wherein Ausrückopf ( 12 ) and release plate ( 23 ) are cohesively connected to each other. Clutch ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the oil collecting device ( 14 ) over the wall surface ( 33 ) with the coupling housing ( 4 ) connected is. Clutch ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein below the wall surface ( 33 ) at least one collecting channel ( 21 ) is arranged so that over the wall surface ( 33 ) collected oil ( 17 ) due to gravity ( 18 ) via the at least one collecting trough ( 21 ) into the distribution channel ( 15 ).

Images