DE102014206773A1 - Loudspeaker, in particular electrodynamic loudspeaker - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a loudspeaker (50), in particular an electrodynamic loudspeaker (50), with an oscillatable loudspeaker diaphragm (52) and with an electrical vibration exciter (1) for the loudspeaker diaphragm (52). According to the invention, the vibration exciter (1) has an annular coil arrangement (2) and a magnet arrangement (4), wherein the coil arrangement (2) engages in an annular gap (30) of the magnet arrangement (4) such that the coil arrangement (2) and the magnet arrangement (4) are movable relative to one another in the axial direction (X), the coil arrangement (2) being connected to a bolt (14) which extends through a through-hole (38) in the axial direction (X) through the magnet arrangement ( 4), wherein the bolt (14) at its end remote from the coil arrangement (2) end with a disc-shaped support plate (10), preferably forming a right angle between the surface of the disc-shaped support plate (10) and the center axis of the bolt ( 14), wherein on the side facing away from the end of the bolt (14) side of the disc-shaped support plate (10), an annular body (16) is provided, and wherein the annular body (16) with the Lautsprec hermembran (52) is connected.

Description

The invention relates to a loudspeaker, in particular an electrodynamic loudspeaker.

It is known that in loudspeakers the sound is radiated through a vibrating membrane. In electrodynamic loudspeakers an electrical signal is converted into membrane vibrations. In known electrodynamic speakers in this case a coil is attached to the membrane, which dips into the field of a permanent magnet. If the coil designed as a plunger coil flows through the control alternating current, the coil is excited to vibrate due to the so-called Lorentz force.

Known cone speakers have, in addition to a conical membrane for mounting and centering the oscillating insert and the magnet system, a loudspeaker basket for the conical membrane, which at the same time can also be installed in a housing, e.g. a speaker housing, serves.

In addition, in known cone speakers a centering diaphragm is provided for the conical membrane, whereby the coil carrier is centered in the air gap of the magnet. In addition, a dust protection dome is provided on the membrane front side in the known cone membranes to protect the air gap from contamination.

For example, in DE 195 34 342 A1 discloses a speaker membrane or a speaker membrane attachment. It is also in DE 41 26 121 A1 a dynamic speaker with a cone cone described.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a simplified construction, and in particular compact, speaker for various audio applications.

The object is achieved by a loudspeaker, in particular an electrodynamic loudspeaker, with an oscillatable loudspeaker diaphragm and with an electrical vibration exciter for the loudspeaker diaphragm, wherein the vibrator comprises an annular coil arrangement and a magnet arrangement, wherein the coil arrangement engages in an annular gap of the magnet arrangement in such a way the coil arrangement and the magnet arrangement are movable relative to one another in the axial direction, wherein the coil arrangement is connected to a bolt which extends through a through-hole in the axial direction through the magnet arrangement, wherein the pin at its end remote from the coil arrangement with a disc-shaped support plate , Preferably, forming a right angle between the surface of the disc-shaped support plate and the center axis of the bolt, is connected, wherein on the side facing away from the end of the bolt side of the disk-shaped support plate, an annular body is provided, and wherein the annular body is connected to the speaker diaphragm.

Characterized in that an annular body is arranged on a disc-shaped support plate, wherein the annular body is connected to a vibrating membrane to be excited, in particular conical membrane, for the emission of audio frequencies, a direct connection of the force-generating voice coil or coil assembly is achieved to the membrane. In addition, a rotationally symmetrical connection of the support plate is achieved with a membrane neck of the membrane.

On the side facing the membrane, the circular support plate is configured with the annular body so that the annular body is formed with an annular contact surface, which is connected to the membrane to be excited, in particular conical membrane. Here, the contact surface of the circular ring body with the membrane neck of the membrane, for example by gluing, connected. By the annular contact closure between the disk-shaped support plate and the membrane by means of the annular body arranged therebetween as an extension of the coil, the deflection force of the coil with high rigidity is transferred directly to the membrane. This makes it possible that despite its robustness by means of the vibration exciter audio signals in the range of the frequencies of audio signals and coupled to the vibration exciter membrane and transmitted, so that, for example, the vibration exciter for speakers in speakers or in vehicles or the like is used.

The electric vibrator is operated in an electrodynamic and / or electromagnetic manner. For this purpose, it has an annular coil arrangement which engages in an annular gap of a magnet arrangement, wherein the annular coil about a longitudinal axis or central axis, which is hereinafter also referred to as the longitudinal axis of the vibration exciter, extends. In the vibration exciter, the coil assembly and the magnet assembly are in the axial direction, i. in the direction of the aforementioned longitudinal axis, movable relative to each other, so that moves in these movements, the coil assembly in the direction of its longitudinal axis or central axis in the annular gap of the magnet assembly.

Using the seismic, electrodynamic vibrator and the connection of the vibrator with the Membrane using the ring body, a speaker is provided, which is dispensed with a frame or a basket or loudspeaker basket. In this respect, a loudspeaker basket-free loudspeaker is provided according to the invention. In addition, the loudspeaker-free loudspeaker, ie a speaker without loudspeaker chassis, reduces the weight of the loudspeaker. In addition, there is a kleinbauender speaker, so that the speaker can be installed in a confined space in the depth. This results in a reduced dimension compared to conventional, a speaker basket having speakers. In addition, the loudspeaker-free speaker according to the invention is also designed as a centering diaphragm-free loudspeaker, that is to say without a centering diaphragm for the loudspeaker diaphragm, because the vibration generator is self-centering or self-centered as a drive.

Due to the fact that the electrodynamic vibration exciter for the loudspeaker diaphragm is connected to the loudspeaker diaphragm by means of a ring body, the relative force between the coil deflecting the loudspeaker diaphragm and the magnet is also built up with magnets which are spring-suspended due to their mass inertia. As a result, the membrane drive acting as a dual mass oscillator is tunable such that the acoustic behavior also corresponds to a so-called Helmholtz resonator in a bass reflex or a ventilated housing, even in the case of a closed rear air volume, whereby the reproduction in the low-frequency areas by means of the loudspeaker can be extended or will.

In one embodiment of the loudspeaker, it is further provided that the loudspeaker diaphragm is designed as a conical membrane. Due to the fact that the oscillation exciter with its annular body designed as a fastening ring is fastened on the front side on the (inner) diameter or on the diaphragm neck of the loudspeaker diaphragm, the oscillation exciter is advantageously, preferably completely, due to the conicity of the volume enclosed by the cone diaphragm on the diaphragm front side. added. This ensures that the mass of the vibration exciter is advantageously in the center of gravity of the speaker diaphragm or the speaker, whereby an additional centering of the vibration exciter on the diaphragm neck of the cone diaphragm is unnecessary. This results in a loudspeaker with a smaller footprint, which can also be used in confined spaces.

Due to the centered arrangement of the vibration exciter at the diaphragm neck inside or at the diaphragm front side, the vibration exciter is advantageously arranged. Also formed by the double spring centering and the bolt designed as a voice coil coil assembly of the vibration exciter in the air gap of the magnet of the vibration exciter.

Advantageously, in one embodiment, the membrane is made of, preferably long-fiber, paper, plastic, such as polypropylene, or Kevlar, rigid foam, such as polystyrene or aluminum, e.g. in a honeycomb structure, made to achieve low-weight in connection with or in combination with the due to high rigidity, a piston-like motion without bending vibrations and a low mass due to high efficiency.

According to a further embodiment of the loudspeaker, it is provided that the loudspeaker membrane has an annular membrane neck, preferably on the inside, and the annular body is connected to the membrane neck, wherein in particular the annular body is arranged to engage the membrane neck.

In addition, the electrical vibration exciter is preferably arranged on the front side of the cone diaphragm or on the rear side of the cone diaphragm. It is particularly favorable if the vibration exciter is located on the front within the conical volume formed by the cone body, i. on the membrane front side, is arranged, since this results in a space-saving design of the speaker itself and the distortion of the membrane is minimized by the position of the center of mass within the membrane cone.

Furthermore, an embodiment of the loudspeaker is characterized in that on the outside of the loudspeaker membrane, in particular conical membrane, a circumferential bead is provided, wherein in particular the bead is adapted to be arranged directly on a speaker support, in particular a wall.

Since according to the invention, a loudspeaker basket-free speaker is provided, it is possible to connect the membrane of the speaker with the interposition of the bead directly and without a basket with the baffle, resulting in a flush installation of the speaker. As a result, the bead provided on the outside of the membrane is fastened directly to or on the baffle. For example, the membrane bead on the baffle is bonded to it by gluing. Characterized in that the speaker according to the invention on a mounting basket, which also as Loudspeaker basket is called, is omitted, in the generation of sound and no Korbresonanzen that could affect the transmission or reproduction of the sound waves produced. Further, flow noise due to turbulence of the moving air in the region of basket members, which arise in speakers formed with a loudspeaker basket according to the prior art, are avoided.

Preferably, the bead of the loudspeaker diaphragm, also referred to as the outer gripping bead, is made of a foamable plastic material or rubber or the like. Alternatively, the bead of the speaker diaphragm is e.g. formed from an embossment of the cone membrane material.

Moreover, it is possible within the scope of the invention for the conical membrane to be in the form of a convex membrane or a concave membrane or a smooth-walled membrane.

Preferably, the coil assembly is applied to an annular wall; Furthermore, the gap of the magnet arrangement preferably extends parallel to this wall, to which the coil arrangement is applied. By an electrical excitation of the coil, the coil interacts with a magnetic field of the magnet assembly, so that the coil is displaced relative to the magnet assembly in motion or in vibrations in the direction of the longitudinal axis. This means that the coil of the coil assembly repels the inertia of the seismically suspended magnet. In this case, the coil with the diaphragm and with the diaphragm bead and the magnet with its resilient suspension each form a spring-mass oscillator.

In addition, it is provided in one embodiment that the coil arrangement extends as an annular projection in the axial direction of the disc-shaped support plate on the side facing away from the annular body side, wherein the coil assembly is movable in the axial direction relative to the magnet assembly. Here, in one embodiment, the coil assembly is formed from a bobbin in the form of an annular wall which is fixed to one side of the support plate or is formed integrally with the support plate in a further embodiment. On the wall for the bobbin, the coil or its conductor is applied. For example, the conductor of the coil may be helically wound around the outside of the annular wall. The annular projection of the coil assembly engages axially movable in the gap of the magnet assembly. In this case, preferably, the annular projection is formed circular cylindrical to the longitudinal axis of the vibration exciter.

It is further provided in one embodiment of the electric vibrator that the coil assembly and the annular body, which is connected to the loudspeaker diaphragm, are each arranged on one side of the disc-shaped support plate.

Further, it is preferable that the diameter of the annular coil assembly is greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the annular body and less than or equal to the outer diameter of the annular body. In the projection, the annular coil arrangement is arranged in the region between the inner diameter of the annular body and the outer diameter of the annular body. Thus, for example, in a horizontal orientation of the support plate, which is arranged between the annular body and the coil assembly, the coil assembly and the annular body substantially aligned with each other, which despite high moving masses desired thin-walled design of support plate, coil carrier and ring body high rigidity Transmission of the deflection pulses from the coil is ensured on the membrane.

In addition, an embodiment of the electrical vibration exciter for the speaker is characterized in that the disc-shaped support plate is so elastic that oscillatory movements of the coil assembly, preferably with vibration frequencies of 40 Hz to 5,000 Hz, are transferable to the ring body and / or the movements of the ring body and the coil assembly of the movements of the bolt, preferably dynamically, decoupled or decoupled, in order not to increase the moving mass of coil and diaphragm in addition.

Characterized in that the support plate is not rigid, i. is not rigid or has a reduced flexural rigidity and the ring body has the radius of the voice coil and is loaded axially with the force generated in the coil, a high rigidity of the power transmission to the arranged on the outside of the annular body membrane, in particular conical membrane is achieved , Characterized in that the support plate is formed thin, the mass of the support plate is reduced and elastically decoupled from the vibration unit and the mounting unit, so that a transmission of audio frequencies or preferred frequencies, in particular in the range of 40 Hz to 5000 Hz is achieved. In particular, the thickness of the disc-shaped support plate is smaller than the width of the, preferably circular, annular body.

Preferably, the electrical vibration exciter is arranged to oscillate, preferably in a frequency range between 40 Hz to 5,000 Hz, in the connected to the annular body speaker diaphragm, in particular conical membrane to produce.

Furthermore, in the case of the electrical vibration exciter, the bolt is guided axially movably and centered on an axial side of the magnet arrangement facing away from the coil arrangement, wherein in particular the bolt is fastened to the axial direction of the magnet arrangement facing away from the coil arrangement on a centering membrane which is fixed to the magnet arrangement on its outer circumference. Moreover, in one embodiment it is further provided that the centering membrane is sealingly connected to the outer circumference of the magnet assembly and also sealed to the bolt, so that an outwardly closed volume between the centering diaphragm and the magnet assembly is formed.

In addition, it is possible in the context of the invention that the bolt for the coil assembly using at least one or more springs, in particular leaf springs, is guided axially movable and centered or is.

Preferably, a ventilation opening for targeted ventilation and ventilation of the volume is also provided in electrical vibration exciters, wherein the ventilation opening is formed in particular as a channel in which extending through the centering pin.

Expediently, furthermore, the coil arrangement extends as an annular projection in the axial direction of the disc-shaped support plate, which is movable in the axial direction relative to the magnet arrangement.

In addition, the bolt is conveniently fixed to the disc-shaped support plate in the axial and radial directions. In addition, at least one spring element acting in the axial direction is arranged between the disc-shaped support plate and the magnet arrangement. Preferably, the disc-shaped support plate and the magnet pot of the magnet assembly are further connected at the periphery via a seal, so that the volume bounded by the support plate and the magnet pot is sealed to the outside.

In the case of the electrical vibration exciter, preferably the through-hole in the magnet or in the magnet arrangement and the part of the bolt extending through it are each dimensioned in their cross-section such that a gap is formed between the inner circumference of the through-hole and the outer circumference of the bolt. Furthermore, an electrical connection for the coil arrangement is preferably formed or provided on the disc-shaped support plate.

Furthermore, at least one bolt is provided in the vibration generator, which forms an additional guide. Here, the bolt is connected to the support plate and extends parallel to and preferably along the longitudinal axis of the coil assembly or the vibration exciter, whereby the bolt extends in the direction of movement of the coil assembly relative to the magnet assembly. The bolt extends in the axial direction, i. in the direction of the longitudinal axis through a through hole through the magnet assembly, whereby the bolt in the magnet assembly or on the back of the magnet assembly, which faces away from the coil assembly.

Preferably, the bolt and the through hole are arranged centrally with respect to the coil assembly. Here, the bolt and the through hole extend along the longitudinal axis of the coil assembly and the vibration exciter.

In addition, a further development of the vibration exciter is characterized in that the width of the annular body is smaller than the height of the annular body. In this way, a sufficient distance between the baffle or the baffle body, where the electric vibrator is or is arranged, and the disc-shaped support plate is achieved. In the context of the invention, it is also possible in one embodiment of the vibration exciter that the width of the annular body is greater than or equal to the height of the annular body.

In addition, it is advantageously provided in the vibration exciter that the bolt and the through hole and the annular body and the support plate are arranged centrally with respect to the longitudinal axis of the coil assembly. As a result, a reliable transmission of the vibrations is achieved.

Expediently, the magnet arrangement is formed from an outer magnet pot and a core arranged therein, wherein the core extends in the axial direction starting from a bottom of the magnet pot, so that the annular gap is formed between the outer circumference of the core and the inner circumference of the magnet pot. The magnet pot has a bottom, which is preferably circular, from which a circumferential wall extends. Furthermore, in one embodiment, the peripheral wall is cylindrical, in particular circular-cylindrical.

In the interior of the circumferential wall, starting from the bottom, the core, which has an outer circumference, wherein the outer circumference preferably extends parallel to the inner circumference of the circumferential wall of the magnet pot, extends whereby a gap of constant width is formed between the magnet pot and the core. Preferably, the core is formed circular cylindrical, so that a circular gap between the magnet pot and the core is formed. In the circular gap engages the coil assembly, which is correspondingly annular, in particular annular, formed, so that they can move relative to the magnet pot. The width of the gap between the core and the magnet pot is chosen to be greater than the radial thickness of the coil assembly so that the coil assembly does not contact the walls of the gap and is freely movable in the gap in the axial direction.

Furthermore, a further development of the vibration exciter is characterized in that the width of the annular body is less than or equal to the width of the annular gap between the outer circumference of the core and the inner circumference of the magnet pot or that the width of the annular body is greater than the width of the annular gap between the outer circumference of the core and the inner circumference of the magnet pot.

The core of the magnet arrangement expediently has a permanent magnet which generates a magnetic field in the magnet arrangement which interacts with the magnetic field caused by the coil during its energization and thus generates oscillations of the coil relative to the magnet pot. Preferably, the core is formed so that the magnet forms a portion of the core in the axial direction, preferably a section adjacent to the bottom of the magnet pot.

The through hole in the electric vibrator preferably extends in the axial direction through the core and the bottom of the magnet pot, so that the bolt can extend in its direction of movement through the entire arrangement of the core and bottom of the magnet pot and on the outside of the bottom, i. the side facing away from the core and the coil assembly side of the bottom, can be performed.

Further features of the invention will become apparent from the description of embodiments according to the invention together with the claims and the accompanying drawings. Embodiments of the invention may satisfy individual features or a combination of several features.

The invention will be described below without limiting the general inventive concept using an exemplary embodiment with reference to the drawing, reference being expressly made to the drawing with respect to all in the text unspecified details of the invention. It shows:

1 schematically a cross-sectional view through a loudspeaker according to the invention with an electrical vibration exciter.

The in 1 shown in cross-section speakers 50 has a cone membrane 52 on, which surrounds a conical or funnel-like volume on its front membrane. The conically shaped membrane or conical membrane 52 has in the tapered inner region an annular membrane neck 54 on. In the inner area of the cone membrane 52 is a membrane bottom 56 as an inner closure for the cone membrane 52 educated.

Furthermore, on the membrane front side in the cone-shaped volume or region on the oscillatory cone membrane 52 an electrical vibrator 1 for the cone membrane 52 arranged.

The vibration exciter schematically shown in cross section 1 consists of two essential parts, which are movable relative to each other or can swing relative to each other. The vibration generator 1 has a coil arrangement 2 and a magnet arrangement 4 on.

Furthermore, the coil arrangement 2 a circular wound coil 6 on. The sink 6 is on a coil carrier 8th mounted as an annular projection of a disc-shaped, circular support plate 10 protrudes in the axial direction X. The disk-shaped support plate 10 has a circular outer periphery and extends concentrically to the longitudinal axis or central axis X of the vibration exciter 1 , The coil carrier 8th is a cylindrical wall extending from the disc-shaped support plate 10 protrudes in the axial direction X and on its outer circumference, the coil 6 wearing. On the support plate 10 is a (not shown here) electrical connector for the electrical connection of the coil 6 appropriate.

At the disk-shaped support plate 10 is centrally one of the support plate 10 protruding bolt 14 positioned, which is formed of a non-magnetic material and in the axial direction X on both sides of the support plate 10 extends. The bolt 14 is with the flat support plate 10 forming a right angle to the surface, preferably rigidly connected.

Below or on the of the magnet assembly 4 or from the bolt 14 opposite side of the disc-shaped support plate 10 is a ring body 16 arranged surrounding a circular surface or a cylindrical volume. The central axis of the ring body 16 is here collinear to the longitudinal or central axis X of the vibration exciter 1 Running forward.

By means of the ring body 16 becomes or is the vibration exciter 1 at the diaphragm neck 54 and at the bottom of the membrane 56 attached or arranged, wherein the annular body 16 with the circular membrane neck 54 connected is. In particular, the outer diameter of the annular body corresponds 16 the diameter of the circular diaphragm neck 54 or the diameter of the membrane bottom 56 ,

In an embodiment not shown here, the annular body 16 with the circular membrane neck 54 connected, so the speaker 50 as well as the cone membrane 52 are formed without a membrane bottom.

The magnet arrangement 4 also consists of a magnet pot 18 made of a soft magnetic material. The magnet pot 18 has a circular cylindrical bottom 20 on. From the ground 20 from the circumference extends in the axial direction X a circular cylindrical peripheral wall 22 , ground 20 and peripheral wall 22 can be formed in one piece. The magnet arrangement 4 also has a core 24 on, in the axial direction X concentric with the peripheral wall 22 from the ground 20 extends. The core 24 is formed of two parts, a circular cylindrical disc-shaped permanent magnet 26 and a circular cylindrical disc-shaped pole plate 28 ,

The permanent magnet 26 and the pole plate 28 are placed in the axial direction X on each other so that the permanent magnet 26 on the ground 20 of the magnet pot 18 abuts and the pole plate 28 the free end, ie the ground 20 opposite end of the core 24 forms. The core 24 has an outer diameter that is smaller than the inner diameter of the peripheral wall 22 of the magnet pot 18 , This will be an annular gap 30 between the core 4 and in particular the pole plate 28 and the surrounding peripheral wall 22 of the magnet pot 18 educated.

In the annular gap 30 engages the coil assembly 4 with its annular coil carrier 8th and the coil arranged thereon 6 one, leaving the coil 6 between the outer periphery of the pole plate 28 and the inner periphery of the peripheral wall 22 is located. When energized, the coil generates 6 a magnetic field that interacts with that of the permanent magnet 26 generated magnetic field occurs. If the coil 6 is excited with an AC voltage, the coil 6 relative to the magnet assembly 4 in vibration in the axial direction X offset. Incidentally, the axial direction X is collinear with the center or symmetry axis of the cone membrane 52 of the speaker 50 ,

The support plate 10 vibrates due to the movement of the coil 6 , The vibrations of the coil 6 and of the coil 6 continuing ring body 16 become attached to the cone membrane 52 that with the diaphragm neck 54 connected ring body 16 coupled, transmitted.

The ring body 16 of the vibration exciter 1 is or will be using an adhesive or other fastener with the cone membrane 52 connected. At the ring body 16 the width (or height) is greater than the thickness. The thickness of the ring body 16 results from half the difference of the outer diameter and the inner diameter of the annular body 16 , The disk-shaped support plate 10 is designed to transmit vibrations, for example, preferably above 1000 Hz thin, whereby the support plate 10 elastic or quasi-elastic and their bending stiffness is reduced, so that the vibrations of the coil assembly 2 directly on the ring body 16 and on the cone membrane 53 be transferred while the bolt 14 depending on the rigidity of the support plate 10 is at least partially or almost completely disconnected from these vibrations or is.

The ring body 16 is on the support plate 10 in the area of on the other side of the support plate 10 provided coil assembly 2 arranged. The thickness of the ring body 16 is smaller than the width of the gap (in the projection) 30 the magnet arrangement 4 ,

Between the magnet arrangement 4 facing end face of the support plate 10 and the axial end surface of the peripheral wall 22 of the magnet pot 18 are several springs 32 arranged. These are designed as compression springs or leaf springs and preferably arranged distributed uniformly over the circumference. The feathers 32 put that from the coil 6 in interaction with the permanent magnet 26 Magnetic force counteracted a counter force.

The annular gap between the peripheral wall 22 and the support plate 10 in which the springs 32 are arranged can be hermetically sealed in a configuration on the outer circumference by a seal. The seal may have in one embodiment a radially outwardly directed protuberance and is preferably formed elastically, so that it moves the support plate 10 relative to the peripheral wall 22 of the magnet pot 18 allows.

By sealing this gap by means of a (not shown) seal is in one embodiment between the support plate 10 and the magnet pot 18 a closed volume 36 created. This volume 36 , which is filled with air, can, as described in more detail below is, as an air spring, the effect of the springs 32 support. Also, the seal itself can have spring action to the springs 32 to support. It is also conceivable to form the seal so resilient that on the additional springs 32 can be waived. Furthermore, the air pressed during deflection through the annular gap has the effect of friction as damping or damping element in the region of the resonances or the resonance frequencies of the magnetic suspension.

In the magnet arrangement 4 ie in the core 24 and the floor 20 of the magnet pot 18 is a through hole 38 formed, which in the axial direction X centrally through the magnet assembly 4 extends. Through this through hole 38 the bolt extends 14 so far through that he's at the circular support plate 10 and thus the coil arrangement 2 opposite side of the magnet pot 18 from the soil 20 protrudes. There is the bolt 14 with an airtight centering membrane 40 firmly connected.

The centering membrane 40 of the vibration exciter 1 may be formed for example of an airtight tissue or metal. The centering membrane 40 caused by their firm connection with the axial end of the bolt 14 in that it is kept centered with respect to the axial direction X and in the axial direction X by the diaphragm 40 to be led. That is, the membrane 40 allows axial movement of the bolt 14 together with the support plate 10 and attached to this coil assembly 2 , The bolt becomes radial 14 however, through the membrane 40 at the first end and at the opposite longitudinal end via the support plate 10 and the springs 32 centered, allowing a radial movement of the support plate 10 and the coil assembly 2 relative to the magnet assembly 4 is essentially prevented. This will prevent the coil 6 and the coil carrier 8th with the side walls of the gap 30 come in contact with the movement. Thus, a tilting of the movable parts to each other is prevented, regardless of the movements and the installation position of the arrangement.

The centering membrane 40 is on its outer periphery with the ground 20 of the magnet pot 18 firmly and tightly connected. The fixed connection is used for radial fixation of the bolt 14 , The dense configuration of the connection causes between the centering diaphragm 40 and the outside, that of the support plate 10 opposite side of the floor 20 , a volume 42 is created, which is sealed to the outside and filled with air. The axial end of the bolt 14 extends centrally through the centering diaphragm 40 therethrough. That is, the centering diaphragm 40 is circumferentially on the bolt at the axial end 14 sealed attached.

In the front end of the bolt 14 is a (not shown) bore, ie, a channel formed which extends into the interior of the bolt and back of the centering diaphragm 40 to the peripheral surface of the bolt 14 extends and so a flow passage from the front end of the bolt 14 in the volume 42 into it.

The volumes 36 and 42 stand over the through hole 38 in contact with each other. The through hole 38 has a diameter which is greater than the outer diameter of the bolt 14 , So is between the bolt 14 and the inner wall of the through hole 38 an annular gap 46 created, which the volumes 36 and 42 connects with each other. If this annular gap 46 chosen small enough, he also forms a throttle, which only a limited exchange of air between the volumes 36 and 42 allows. This is how the volumes work 36 and 42 during axial movement of the support plate 10 with the coil arrangement 2 and the bolt 14 as air springs, the annular gap 46 however, as a damper.

If the annular gap 46 is increased, the flow passage in the connection of the volumes 36 and 42 increases, whereby the spring stiffness of the air springs thus formed decreases with the increasing channel cross-section. However, the air experiences in the annular gap 46 a friction resistance, which contributes to the damping of the vibration of the spring-mass system. In addition, the air is out of volume 36 which is due to the power dissipation of the coil 6 heated, in the annular gap 46 on the bolt 14 passed, leaving some of the heat of the air on the bolt 14 passes over and can be dissipated via this.

Through the leadership of the bolt 14 at both axial ends of the vibration exciter 1 tilting due to external shocks is prevented. The air volumes created by the dense design 36 and 42 can with appropriate dimensioning of the other resilient components and the annular gap 46 In addition, the properties of the vibration exciter 1 significantly improve. The volumes 36 and 42 with the trapped air allow by their action as air spring another manipulated variable for optimal adaptation of the system to the particular application. The outwardly closed design of the system also allows the abandonment of an additional housing, whereby the structure of the vibration exciter 1 is significantly simplified.

On the outside of the cone diaphragm designed as a speakerphone membrane 52 is along the circular outer periphery of the cone cone 52 a (positive) single-shaft encircling Beading 58 formed, wherein the bead 58 with the cone membrane 52 connected is. The bead 58 is preferably formed as a kind of clamping bead. In an embodiment not shown here, the bead is 58 alternatively formed as a negative single-wavelength chuck.

The bead 58 has on its outside a flat section 59 in the manner of a tab on, allowing for attachment or arrangement of the speaker 50 in or on a wall 62 having speaker recording 60 For example, a speaker box or a vehicle door or the like, the flat, tab-like section 59 with the wall 62 is connected or becomes.

The speaker according to the invention 50 is characterized by the fact that for the attachment of the speaker 50 or for the arrangement of the vibration exciter 2 at the cone membrane 52 a loudspeaker basket or loudspeaker chassis as well as the arrangement of the loudspeaker 50 in the speaker recording 50 a basket or a chassis is dispensable for this. In addition, there is a simplified structure of the speaker 50 , Since dispensing with an attacking on the speaker basket centering diaphragm for a plunger coil or the like.

All mentioned features, including those of the drawing alone to be taken as well as individual features that are disclosed in combination with other features are considered alone and in combination as essential to the invention. Embodiments of the invention may be accomplished by individual features or a combination of several features. In the context of the invention, features which are identified by "particular" or "preferably" are to be understood as optional features.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 vibration exciter

2

 coil assembly

4

 magnet assembly

6

 Kitchen sink

8th

 coil carrier

10

 support plate

14

 bolt

16

 ring body

18

 magnet pot

20

 ground

22

 peripheral

24

 core

26

 permanent magnet

28

 pole plate

30

 gap

32

 feathers

36

 volume

38

 Through Hole

40

 centering diaphragm

42

 volume

46

 annular gap

50

 speaker

52

 cone membrane

54

 cone neck

56

 diaphragm base

58

 Beading

59

 section

60

 Speaker Recording

62

 wall

X

 axial direction

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 19534342 A1 [0005]
• DE 4126121 A1 [0005]

Claims (10)

Speaker ( 50 ), in particular electrodynamic loudspeakers ( 50 ), with a swingable loudspeaker membrane ( 52 ) and with an electric vibrator ( 1 ) for the loudspeaker diaphragm ( 52 ), the vibration exciter ( 1 ) an annular coil arrangement ( 2 ) and a magnet arrangement ( 4 ), wherein the coil arrangement ( 2 ) in an annular gap ( 30 ) of the magnet arrangement ( 4 ) engages such that the coil arrangement ( 2 ) and the magnet arrangement ( 4 ) in the axial direction (X) are movable relative to each other, wherein the coil arrangement ( 2 ) with a bolt ( 14 ), which extends through a through hole ( 38 ) in the axial direction (X) through the magnet arrangement ( 4 ), wherein the bolt ( 14 ) at its from the coil assembly ( 2 ) facing away from the end with a disc-shaped support plate ( 10 ), preferably forming a right angle between the surface of the disc-shaped support plate ( 10 ) and the center axis of the bolt ( 14 ), where on the end of the bolt ( 14 ) facing away from the disk-shaped support plate ( 10 ) an annular body ( 16 ) is provided, and wherein the annular body ( 16 ) with the loudspeaker diaphragm ( 52 ) connected is. Speaker ( 50 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the loudspeaker membrane ( 52 ) as cone cone ( 52 ) is trained. Speaker ( 50 ) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the loudspeaker membrane ( 52 ) an annular membrane neck ( 54 ) and the annular body ( 16 ) with the membrane neck ( 54 ), in particular the annular body ( 16 ) at the membrane neck ( 54 ) is arranged attacking. Speaker ( 50 ) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the electrical vibration generator ( 1 ) at the front of the cone cone ( 52 ) or at the back of the conical membrane ( 52 ) is arranged. Speaker ( 50 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that on the outside of the loudspeaker diaphragm ( 52 ), in particular conical membrane ( 52 ), a circumferential bead ( 58 ) is provided, in particular the bead ( 58 ) is adapted to on a speaker support, in particular wall ( 62 ), to be arranged directly. Speaker ( 50 ) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the coil arrangement ( 2 ) as an annular projection ( 8th ) in the axial direction (X) of the disc-shaped support plate ( 10 ), wherein the coil arrangement ( 2 ) in the axial direction (X) relative to the magnet arrangement ( 4 ) is movable. Speaker ( 50 ) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the coil arrangement ( 2 ) and the ring body ( 16 ) each on one side of the disc-shaped support plate ( 10 ) are arranged. Speaker ( 50 ) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the diameter of the annular coil arrangement ( 2 ) greater than or equal to the inner diameter of the annular body ( 16 ) and less than or equal to the outer diameter of the annular body ( 16 ). Speaker ( 50 ) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the disc-shaped support plate ( 10 ) is so elastic that oscillatory movements of the coil arrangement ( 2 ), preferably with vibration frequencies of 40 Hz to 5,000 Hz, on the annular body ( 16 ) are transferable and / or the movements of the annular body ( 16 ) and the coil arrangement ( 2 ) of the movements of the bolt ( 14 ), preferably dynamic, decoupled or decoupled. Speaker ( 50 ) according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the electrical vibration generator ( 1 ) is adapted to oscillations, preferably in a frequency range between 40 Hz to 5000 Hz, in the with the ring body ( 16 ) connected speaker membrane ( 52 ) to create.

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