DE102014206428A1 - Method for producing a rolling bearing and rolling bearing - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for producing a roller bearing (10) which has a radially outer raceway ring (12) and a radially inner raceway ring (14) arranged concentrically therebetween, between which rolling elements (16) are arranged, at least one raceway ring (12) being arranged. at least one guide board (30, 32) for the axial guidance of the rolling elements (16), characterized by the following method steps: - Separate production of the raceway rings (12, 14) of the rolling bearing (10) by machining or by forming a metallic workpiece. - Separate production of at least one guide board (30, 32) by machining or by forming a metallic workpiece. - Separate hardening of the raceway rings (12, 14). - Separate hardening of the at least one guide board (30, 32). - At least partially bonding the at least one guide board (30, 32) with a raceway ring (12).

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing a roller bearing, which has a radially outer raceway and a concentrically arranged radially inner raceway between which rolling elements are arranged, wherein at least one raceway ring has at least one guide board for axial guidance of the rolling elements. Moreover, the invention relates to a rolling bearing produced according to the method.

Rolling bearings such as cylindrical roller bearings and tapered roller bearings are widely used in all fields of mechanical engineering. In order to be able to forward axial forces acting on the roller bearing, roller bearings loaded in this way have radially extending guide rims on at least one of the raceway rings on which the rolling elements of the roller bearing can be supported axially. Usually, the guide rims are integrally formed on the raceway rings of the rolling bearings and made by a cutting or forming operation. However, it has also become known to produce the guide rims separately from raceway rings and then firmly connect them with these raceway rings by means of a bond.

So is out of the DE 41 33 442 A1 is known a cylindrical roller bearing with axially adhered to the raceway guide rims. The guide rims are glued to both axial end faces of a bearing outer ring, namely at the end radially inwardly formed, axially projecting annular projections. These projections do not extend completely to the radially outer end of the bearing outer ring, so that when attached to the bearing outer ring guide rims between each of which an annular gap for receiving a well-defined adhesive volume is formed. This adhesive connects the bearing outer ring with the associated guide rims. The bearing inner ring of this cylindrical roller bearing has only a single guide board, which is integrally formed on the bearing inner ring.

Furthermore, it is from the DE 10 2006 003 014 B3 and the publication "Advantages of inductive slip-free curing on large roller bearings", Dirk M. Schibisch, Otto Carsen, elektrowärme international, Issue 3/2010, pp 211-215 It is known to harden raceways of slewing bearings by means of a so-called inductive slipless hardening method.

Against this background, the invention has for its object to provide an improved method for the production of rolling bearings in general and in particular for cylindrical roller bearings or tapered roller bearings. Furthermore, the object of the invention is to describe an axial forces forwarding rolling bearing with special properties.

The solution of these objects is defined in the features of the independent claims, while the associated subclaims call advantageous developments.

The invention is based on the recognition that multipart formed components of a rolling bearing with dual functionality can be subjected to a differentiated treatment easier than a one-piece, double-functional component, such as a bearing ring with at least one guide board.

• – Gesondertes Herstellen der Laufbahnringe des Wälzlagers durch spanende Bearbeitung oder durch Umformen eines metallischen Werkstücks.
• – Gesondertes Herstellen mindestens eines Führungsbordes durch spanende Bearbeitung oder durch Umformen eines metallischen Werkstücks.
• – Gesondertes Härten der Laufbahnringe.
• – Gesondertes Härten des mindestens einen Führungsbordes.
• – Zumindest abschnittsweises Verkleben des mindestens einen Führungsbordes mit einem Laufbahnring.

With the method according to the invention, a rolling bearing can be produced, which has a radially outer raceway and a concentrically arranged radially inner raceway ring between which rolling elements are arranged, wherein at least one raceway ring has at least one guide board for the axial guidance of the rolling elements. The manufacturing method provides the following method steps:

• - Separate manufacturing of the raceway rings of the rolling bearing by machining or by forming a metallic workpiece.
• - Separate production of at least one guide board by machining or by forming a metallic workpiece.
• - Separate hardening of raceway rings.
• - Separate hardening of the at least one guide board.
• - At least partially adhering the at least one guide board with a raceway ring.

By means of the proposed procedure, the most suitable manufacturing methods can be selected and used for the components of the rolling bearing which are initially to be produced individually in order to minimize production costs and associated production costs for given quality, strength and wear requirements. Another great advantage of the method according to the invention is that only a reduced number of inductors adapted to the geometry of the raceway rings and the guide rims of different rolling bearing types and sizes is necessary for hardening the raceway rings and guide rims present initially as individual parts. In the case of inductive slip-free curing of large rolling bearings, this fact is of particular importance, since inductive slipless curing generally involves the use of at least two inducers to avoid soft zones, ie at the end of the hardening process non-hardened zones of the bearing components.

According to an advantageous development of the method, it is provided that the raceway rings and the at least one guide board are hardened differently. In this way, for example, the guide rims can be cured so that they have a lower degree of hardness compared to the more stressed treads of the raceway rings. This allows, inter alia, the acceleration of the manufacturing process with a reduction of the energy required in particular for curing energy use. In addition, the raceway rings and the at least one guide shelf may be made of different materials, such as metals, metal alloys and / or plastic materials, to further differentiate the different properties of the bearing ring components. Especially in large rolling bearings, only the raceways of the raceway rings and the guide surfaces of the guide rims that come into contact with the rolling elements are inductively hardened in order to keep the energy input during the manufacturing process low.

According to another favorable development of the method, the hardening of the at least one guide board and / or at least one raceway ring is preferably carried out by inductive hardening, in particular by slip-free inductive hardening. Inductive hardening allows fast, energy-efficient and locally precisely defined hardening with a precisely adjustable penetration depth, which is of great importance especially for slewing bearings. Due to the so-called slip-free inductive hardening, insufficiently hardened soft zones within the surfaces of a workpiece to be hardened are also avoided.

According to a preferred embodiment, the at least one guide board is glued to an end face of a raceway ring. As a result, a technically easy to handle and above all large-scale bonding can be realized.

The bonding of the at least one guide board with the raceway ring is preferably carried out by means of a two-component adhesive. As a result, given a comparatively small manufacturing effort, a mechanically strong connection between the respective race and the associated at least one guide board is provided.

According to another favorable development of the method it is provided that the assembly of the rolling bearing takes place before or after the gluing of the guide rims with at least one raceway ring. By this option, the flow of the method according to the invention can be adapted more flexibly to different requirements, such as the type of rolling bearing.

Notwithstanding the previously presented manner of connection by means of a bond can be provided that the at least one guide board is bolted to a raceway ring. For this purpose, the affected raceway on the front side over its circumference distributed threaded holes and the guide board associated through holes, through which in the threaded holes screwed screws can be passed. Even a combination of screwing and bonding can prove useful.

The object mentioned at the outset is also achieved by a roller bearing, in particular by a cylindrical roller bearing or by a tapered roller bearing, which was produced by the method according to the invention. A roller bearing manufactured in accordance with the described method can therefore have different properties on the same bearing ring, for example different wear and toughness properties on the guide board in comparison to the associated raceway ring.

For a better understanding of the invention, the description is accompanied by a drawing. In this, the sole figure shows in a partial sectional view of a cylindrical roller bearing produced by the method according to the invention. The rolling bearing shown in the figure 10 Here is only an example as a cylindrical roller bearing 10 formed, although it may be formed, for example, as a tapered roller bearing or as another, axial guide rims exhibiting rolling bearing.

The rolling bearing 10 has a radially outer raceway ring 12 and one to this outer raceway ring 12 concentrically arranged radially inner raceway ring 14 on. Between the two raceway rings 12 . 14 is a plurality of cylindrical rolling elements 16 arranged, of which here only one rolling element 16 is shown. The cylindrical rolling elements 16 roll at this rolling bearing 10 on a track surface 18 the radially outer raceway ring 12 and on a track surface 20 the radially inner raceway ring 14 from.

The outer raceway ring 12 has an approximately hollow cylindrical geometric geometry. At the axial end faces directed away from each other 22 . 24 the outer raceway ring 12 is in each case a small, annular axial projection 26 . 28 formed, in each case a ring-shaped guide board 30 . 32 is applied. The two management boards 30 . 32 each have an approximately rectangular geometry in the illustrated half longitudinal section.

The two axial projections 26 . 28 form in this embodiment, a two-sided axial extension of the tread 18 the outer raceway ring 12 , being between the end faces 22 . 24 the outer raceway ring 12 and the management boards 30 . 32 due to the axial protrusions 26 . 28 in each case a narrow, annular gap 34 . 36 remains with a well-defined volume for receiving a defined amount of an adhesive or adhesive, not shown. The gap 34 . 36 are each open radially outward. As a result, among other things, an uncontrolled distribution of the adhesive when bonding the guide rims 30 . 32 with the faces 22 . 24 the outer raceway ring 12 avoided. In addition, by the formation of the column 34 . 36 the axial width 38 of the rolling bearing 10 parallel to the longitudinal center axis 40 of the cylindrical roller bearing 10 comply with high accuracy.

The inner raceway ring 14 has seen in half longitudinal section deviating from the outer raceway ring 12 about an approximately L-shaped geometry with a radially short leg 42 and an axially long leg 44 on. It is on the long leg 44 the radially inner tread 20 for rolling the rolling elements 16 forms and the short radial leg 42 is as a guide board 46 for one-sided axial movement limitation of the rolling elements 16 effective. One at the other axial end of the inner raceway ring 14 trained bevel 48 in continuation of the tread 20 of the inner raceway ring 14 serves to simplify the mounting of the rolling bearing 10 ,

The axial guidance of the rolling elements 16 takes place via end-side annular guide surfaces 50 . 52 at the management boards 30 . 32 , where the respective associated end faces of the rolling elements 16 abut radially in some areas axially.

As an alternative to the illustrated embodiment, the structural design of the inner raceway ring 14 that of the outer raceway ring 12 same, with one or both end faces of the inner raceway ring 14 then would be glued to a trained as a separate component guide board. The inner raceway ring 14 has then seen in half longitudinal section corresponding to the outer raceway ring 12 a likewise approximately rectangular cut surface.

When carrying out the production method according to the invention, for example, first blanks for the approximately annular guide rims are used 30 . 32 as well as for the raceway rings 12 . 14 produced by cutting off a tubular semi-finished product. Optionally, these can also be made by punching or cutting from plate-shaped semi-finished products. In addition, blanks for the management boards 30 . 32 as well as for the raceway rings 12 . 14 For example, be obtained by bending sections of strand-shaped semi-finished products with a rectangular cross-sectional geometry, wherein both strand ends of the bent into the circular shape strands are joined together in a suitable manner, such as by welding or by soldering. The semifinished products which each serve as starting material are generally formed from metallic materials or from metal alloys. This can be followed by further post-processing steps, such as grinding, polishing and / or cleaning of the blanks

Thereafter, the respective treads are preferred 18 . 20 the raceway rings 12 . 14 as well as the guide surfaces 50 . 52 the management board 30 . 32 hardened. Hardening takes place in the case of larger bearings for energy saving reasons, preferably by inductive hardening. Particularly preferred in this case, the inductive slip-free curing is used, which is an education of consistently defined hardened treads 18 . 20 as well as guide surfaces 50 . 52 without soft zones with a minimum use of energy. In this case, it is possible to produce a hardness zone which is geometrically precisely defined and free from uncured areas with a precisely defined depth extension.

In the case of inductive slip-free curing, the method according to the invention initially offers the advantage that only a limited number of inductors have to be provided in order to accommodate the most varied designs and sizes of the cylindrical roller bearing 10 or other rolling bearings cost-effectively and with a short process time to harden effectively.

In addition, the guide surfaces can be 50 . 52 the management board 30 . 32 so harden that these compared to the treads 18 . 20 have a lower degree of hardness. As a result, the already required in inductive slip-free curing already comparatively low necessary electrical energy use and the process time of curing, especially in the case of slewing bearings, further reduce.

Only after the completion of the curing process on the races 12 . 14 as well as at the management boards 30 . 32 the final manufacturing or assembly steps take place to complete the cylindrical roller bearing 10 , wherein the rolling elements 16 between the raceway rings 12 . 14 introduced and the management boards 30 . 32 with the outer raceway ring 12 be glued.

Alternatively, at least one guide board 30 . 32 before the assembly of rolling elements 16 and the raceway rings 12 . 14 to the finished rolling bearing 10 with one of the two raceway rings 12 . 14 be glued, provided that at least one with the raceway rings 12 . 14 glued guide board 30 . 32 the later insertion of the rolling elements 16 not disabled. Optionally, a Wälzkörperkäfig may be provided from a metallic material and / or a plastic material for uniform circumferential spacing of the rolling elements to each other.

As adhesives, two-component adhesives curable by means of heat or UV light are preferably used according to the method. Alternatively, it is also possible to use sufficiently load-bearing single-component adhesives. The sequence of assembly steps to produce the cylindrical roller bearing 10 may deviate from this, if, for example, the structural design of the inner raceway ring 14 with the outer raceway ring 12 Corresponds, that is, when the inner raceway ring 14 also glued to a lateral guide board.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

 Rolling and cylindrical roller bearings

12

 Outer raceway ring

14

 Inner raceway ring

16

 rolling elements

18

 Tread on the outer raceway ring

20

 Tread on the inner raceway ring

22

 First face on the outer raceway ring

24

 Second end face on the outer raceway ring

26

 First projection on the outer raceway ring

28

 Second projection on the outer raceway ring

30

 First guide board on the outer raceway ring

32

 Second guide board on the outer raceway ring

34

 gap

36

 gap

38

 Width of the cylindrical roller bearing

40

 Longitudinal central axis

42

 Short leg of the inner raceway ring

44

 Long leg of the inner raceway ring

46

 Guide board of the inner raceway ring

48

 Bevel on the inner raceway ring

50

Guide surface on the guide board 30

52

Guide surface on the guide board 32

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 4133442 A1 [0003]
• DE 102006003014 B3 [0004]

Cited non-patent literature

• "Advantages of inductive slip-free curing on slewing bearings", Dirk M. Schibisch, Otto Carsen, elektrowärme international, Issue 3/2010, pp 211-215 [0004]

Claims (10)

Method for producing a roller bearing ( 10 ), which has a radially outer raceway ring ( 12 ) and a concentrically arranged radially inner raceway ring ( 14 ), between which rolling elements ( 16 ) are arranged, wherein at least one raceway ring ( 12 ) at least one guide board ( 30 . 32 ) for the axial guidance of the rolling bodies ( 16 ), characterized by the following method steps: - Separate production of raceway rings ( 12 . 14 ) of the rolling bearing ( 10 ) by machining or by forming a metallic workpiece. - Separate production of at least one guide board ( 30 . 32 ) by machining or by forming a metallic workpiece. - Separate hardening of raceway rings ( 12 . 14 ). - Separate hardening of the at least one guide board ( 30 . 32 ). At least partially bonding the at least one guide board ( 30 . 32 ) with a raceway ring ( 12 ). Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the raceway rings ( 12 . 14 ) and the at least one guide board ( 30 . 32 ) are hardened separately and differently. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the hardening of the at least one guide board ( 30 . 32 ) and / or the at least one raceway ring ( 12 . 14 ) is carried out by inductive hardening. A method according to claim 3, characterized in that the hardening of the at least one guide board ( 30 . 32 ) and / or the at least one raceway ring ( 12 . 14 ) takes place by slip-free inductive hardening. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the at least one guide board ( 30 . 32 ) with an axial end face ( 20 . 22 ) of a raceway ring ( 12 . 14 ) is glued. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the bonding of the at least one guide board ( 30 . 32 ) with a two-component adhesive. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the assembly of the rolling bearing ( 10 ) before and / or after bonding the guide rims ( 30 . 32 ) with at least one raceway ring ( 12 . 14 ) he follows. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the at least one guide board ( 30 . 32 ) with a raceway ring ( 12 ) is screwed. Roller bearing ( 10 ) produced according to the method of any one of claims 1 to 8. Rolling bearing according to claim 9, which is used as a cylindrical roller bearing ( 10 ) or designed as a tapered roller bearing.

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