DE102014204347A1 - Spark plasma sintering with improved joining zone strength - Google Patents
Spark plasma sintering with improved joining zone strength Download PDFInfo
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- DE102014204347A1 DE102014204347A1 DE102014204347.6A DE102014204347A DE102014204347A1 DE 102014204347 A1 DE102014204347 A1 DE 102014204347A1 DE 102014204347 A DE102014204347 A DE 102014204347A DE 102014204347 A1 DE102014204347 A1 DE 102014204347A1
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- 238000002490 spark plasma sintering Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910000601 superalloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/009—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of turbine components other than turbine blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/0006—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring taking account of the properties of the material involved
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/352—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment
- B23K26/354—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring for surface treatment by melting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D5/00—Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
- F01D5/12—Blades
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D9/00—Stators
- F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
- F01D9/04—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector
- F01D9/041—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector using blades
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
- B22F2003/1051—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding by electric discharge
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F2999/00—Aspects linked to processes or compositions used in powder metallurgy
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/001—Turbines
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/18—Dissimilar materials
- B23K2103/26—Alloys of Nickel and Cobalt and Chromium
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
- F05D2230/22—Manufacture essentially without removing material by sintering
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
- F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
- F05D2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/20—Manufacture essentially without removing material
- F05D2230/23—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together
- F05D2230/232—Manufacture essentially without removing material by permanently joining parts together by welding
- F05D2230/234—Laser welding
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/30—Manufacture with deposition of material
- F05D2230/31—Layer deposition
- F05D2230/312—Layer deposition by plasma spraying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2230/00—Manufacture
- F05D2230/40—Heat treatment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/10—Stators
- F05D2240/12—Fluid guiding means, e.g. vanes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2240/00—Components
- F05D2240/20—Rotors
- F05D2240/30—Characteristics of rotor blades, i.e. of any element transforming dynamic fluid energy to or from rotational energy and being attached to a rotor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
- F05D2300/605—Crystalline
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F05D2300/00—Materials; Properties thereof
- F05D2300/60—Properties or characteristics given to material by treatment or manufacturing
- F05D2300/606—Directionally-solidified crystalline structures
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Laser Beam Processing (AREA)
- Pressure Welding/Diffusion-Bonding (AREA)
Abstract
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Verbinden eines ersten Bauteils (1) mit einem zweiten Bauteil ein. Das Verfahren weist wenigstens folgende Schritte auf: – Laserumschmelzen einer Fügefläche (2) des ersten Bauteils (1); – Aufsetzen der laserumgeschmolzenen Fügefläche (2) des ersten Bauteils (1) auf eine Fügefläche des zweiten Bauteils; und – Verbinden des auf das zweite Bauteil aufgesetzten ersten Bauteils (1) mit dem zweiten Bauteil durch ein Spark Plasma Sintering Verfahren. Die Erfindung betrifft ferner eine Gasturbinenkomponente, die gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren gefertigt wurde.The invention relates to a method for connecting a first component (1) to a second component. The method has at least the following steps: laser remelting of a joining surface (2) of the first component (1); - placing the laser-remelted joining surface (2) of the first component (1) onto a joining surface of the second component; and - connecting the first component (1) placed on the second component to the second component by means of a spark plasma sintering method. The invention further relates to a gas turbine component which has been manufactured according to the method according to the invention.
Description
Technisches Gebiet Technical area
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Fügeverfahren und eine mit dem Fügeverfahren gefertigte Gasturbinenkomponente. The invention relates to a joining method and a gas turbine component produced by the joining method.
Technischer Hintergrund Technical background
Bauteile von Maschinen wie Gasturbinen, die unter hohen mechanischen, chemischen und thermischen Belastungen betrieben werden, werden häufig aus nickalbasierten Superlegierungen hergestellt. Dabei ist jedoch nachteilig, dass solche Nickelbasissuperlegierungen sich wegen des hohen Anteils an intermetallischer Phase schwierig schweißen oder zusammenfügen lassen. Components of machines such as gas turbines, which are operated under high mechanical, chemical and thermal loads, are often made of nickel-based superalloys. However, it is disadvantageous that such nickel-base superalloys are difficult to weld or assemble because of the high proportion of intermetallic phase.
Aus der Familie der Sinterverfahren ist das Spark Plasma Sintering Verfahren bekannt, mit dem ein Bauteil aus einem pulverförmigen Ausgangsstoff fertigen lässt. Dazu wird dieser Ausgangsstoff in eine Form gegeben, unter hohen Druck gesetzt und ein kontinuierlicher oder gepulster Strom hindurchgeleitet. Nach jüngeren Erkenntnissen der Erfinder lässt sich das Spark Plasma Sintering Verfahren (unter Weglassen einer Form) jedoch auch zum Zusammenfügen makroskopischer Bauteile verwenden. Ziel ist es dabei, eine möglichst feste Verbindung der derart zusammengefügten Bauteile zu erreichen. From the family of sintering processes, the spark plasma sintering method is known, with which a component made of a powdered starting material can be produced. For this purpose, this starting material is placed in a mold, placed under high pressure and passed through a continuous or pulsed current. According to recent findings of the inventors, however, the spark plasma sintering method (omitting a form) can also be used for joining macroscopic components. The aim is to achieve the strongest possible connection of such assembled components.
Die Erfindung macht es sich daher zur Aufgabe, ein verbessertes Fügeverfahren zum Verbinden zweier Bauteile anzugeben. The invention therefore sets itself the task of specifying an improved joining method for joining two components.
Zusammenfassung der Erfindung Summary of the invention
Die Erfindung führt daher ein Verfahren zum Verbinden eines ersten Bauteils mit einem zweiten Bauteil ein. Das Verfahren weist wenigstens folgende Schritte auf:
- – Laserumschmelzen einer Fügefläche des ersten Bauteils;
- – Aufsetzen der laserumgeschmolzenen Fügefläche des ersten Bauteils auf eine Fügefläche des zweiten Bauteils; und
- – Verbinden des auf das zweite Bauteil aufgesetzten ersten Bauteils mit dem zweiten Bauteil durch ein Spark Plasma Sintering Verfahren.
- - Laser remelting a joining surface of the first component;
- - placing the laser-remelted joining surface of the first component onto a joining surface of the second component; and
- - Connecting the first component mounted on the second component with the second component by a spark plasma sintering method.
Das Laserumschmelzen ist ein Verfahren, bei dem die Oberfläche eines Werkstücks mit einem Laser bestrahlt und aufgeschmolzen wird. Der Laser wird dabei über die Oberfläche verfahren, so dass die Oberfläche sukzessive aufgeschmolzen wird. Sobald der Laserarbeitspunkt eine jeweilige Stelle verlässt, erstarrt diese wieder, wobei der erstarrende Schmelzpool von dem unbearbeiteten Teilen des Werkstücks abweichende Eigenschaften aufweist. So wird durch das Laserumschmelzen der Fügefläche des ersten Bauteils dessen Porosität im Bereich der Fügefläche reduziert oder entfernt, so dass sich nach Anwendung des Spark Plasma Sintering Verfahrens eine festere Fügezone ergibt. Laser remelting is a process in which the surface of a workpiece is irradiated with a laser and melted. The laser is moved over the surface, so that the surface is melted successively. As soon as the laser working point leaves a respective point, it solidifies again, wherein the solidifying melt pool has properties deviating from the unprocessed parts of the workpiece. Thus, the laser remelting of the joining surface of the first component reduces or removes its porosity in the region of the joining surface, so that a firmer joining zone results after application of the spark plasma sintering method.
Vorzugsweise wird vor dem Aufsetzen ein zusätzlicher Schritt des Laserumschmelzens der Fügefläche des zweiten Bauteils durchgeführt. Dadurch wird auch der Bereich um die Fügefläche des zweiten Bauteils wie oben beschrieben vorteilhaft bearbeitet, bevor das Spark Plasma Sintering Verfahren verwendet wird, um die beiden Bauteile zusammenzufügen. Preferably, an additional step of laser remelting of the joining surface of the second component is carried out prior to placement. As a result, the region around the joining surface of the second component is also advantageously processed as described above, before the spark plasma sintering method is used to join the two components together.
Besonders bevorzugt wird durch das Laserumschmelzen eine Kristallausrichtung des ersten Bauteils an eine Kristallausrichtung des zweiten Bauteils angeglichen, so dass nach dem Schritt des Aufsetzens das erste und zweite Bauteil wenigstens näherungsweise gleiche Kristallausrichtungen aufweisen. The laser remelting particularly preferably aligns a crystal orientation of the first component with a crystal orientation of the second component, so that after the placement step, the first and second components have at least approximately the same crystal orientations.
Hierbei wird die bei Testdurchführungen durch die Erfinder beobachtete Tatsache ausgenutzt, dass sich im Bereich der Fügezone ein epitaktisches Aufwachsen beobachtet werden kann, also eine Kristallorientierung eines der Bauteile in die Fügezone und den Fügepartner übernommen wird. Indem die Kristallausrichtungen der beiden Fügepartner durch das Laserumschmelzen gezielt angeglichen werden, kann eine entlang der Fügeflächen verlaufende großflächige Störung des inneren Gefüges des derart zusammengefügten Bauteils vermieden werden. Die ungestörte Fortführung der Kristallausrichtungen beiderseits der Fügezone bewirkt eine besonders fest Verbindung der beiden Ausgangsbauteile. Beim Laserumschmelzen wachsen die Kristalle in der Richtung des größten Temperaturgradienten, der üblicherweise von der durch den Laser erhitzten Oberfläche ins Innere des Werkstücks zeigt. In this case, the fact observed during test procedures by the inventors is exploited that an epitaxial growth can be observed in the region of the joining zone, ie a crystal orientation of one of the components in the joining zone and the joining partner is adopted. By aligning the crystal orientations of the two joining partners in a targeted manner by the laser remelting, a large-area disturbance of the inner structure of the component assembled in this way along the joining surfaces can be avoided. The undisturbed continuation of the crystal alignments on both sides of the joining zone causes a particularly strong connection of the two output components. In laser remelting, the crystals grow in the direction of the largest temperature gradient, usually from the surface heated by the laser, to the interior of the workpiece.
Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren ist besonders geeignet, Bauteile aus schwierig schweißbaren Metallen (etwa Refraktärmetallen) und Legierungen miteinander zu verbinden. Daher enthält vorzugsweise wenigstens eines von erstem und zweitem Bauteil eine Nickelbasissuperlegierung oder besteht aus der Nickelbasissuperlegierung. The method according to the invention is particularly suitable for joining components made of difficult-to-weld metals (such as refractory metals) and alloys. Therefore, at least one of the first and second members preferably includes a nickel-base superalloy or is made of the nickel-base superalloy.
Bei dem Laserumschmelzen kann eine dendritische Kristallstruktur erzeugt werden. Die Dendriten sind dabei gewöhnlich senkrecht oder näherungsweise senkrecht zu der laserumgeschmolzenen Fügefläche angeordnet. In the laser remelting, a dendritic crystal structure can be generated. The dendrites are usually arranged perpendicular or approximately perpendicular to the laser-melted joining surface.
Vorzugsweise wird die Fügefläche bis in eine Tiefe von wenigstens 50 Mikrometern laserumgeschmolzen, um eine genügend breite Fügezone zu ermöglichen. Die Tiefe beträgt dabei bevorzugt weniger als einen Millimeter, da eine größere Umschmelztiefe schwierig zu erreichen ist und keine weiteren Vorteile brächte, die die erhöhte Prozessdauer rechtfertigen würden. Preferably, the joining surface is laser remelted to a depth of at least 50 microns to allow for a sufficiently wide joining zone. The depth is preferably less than one millimeter, since a larger remelting depth is difficult to achieve and would bring no further advantages that would justify the increased process time.
Das erste Bauteil kann während des Spark Plasma Sintering Verfahrens mit einem Druck von 1 bis 40 Megapascal auf das zweite Bauteil gepresst werden. Außerdem können das erste und das zweite Bauteil während des Spark Plasma Sintering Verfahrens auf eine Temperatur von 1000 bis 1200 Grad Celsius erhitzt werden. Geeignete Erwärmungs- und Abkühlraten können in dem Bereich zwischen 20 bis 200 Kelvin pro Minute liegen. Während des Spark Plasma Sintering Verfahrens kann ein gepulster oder ein kontinuierlicher Strom durch das erste und das zweite Bauteil geleitet werden. Für das Verbinden der beiden Bauteile durch das Spark Plasma Sintering Verfahren kann eine Zeit von 3 bis 60 Minuten aufgewendet werden, wobei sich durch das Erwärmen und Abkühlen eine Gesamtdauer für die Durchführung des Spark Plasma Sintering Verfahrens eine Dauer von etwa 2 bis 3 Stunden ergeben kann. The first component can be pressed onto the second component at a pressure of 1 to 40 megapascals during the Spark Plasma Sintering process. In addition, the first and second components may be heated to a temperature of 1000 to 1200 degrees Celsius during the spark plasma sintering process. Suitable heating and cooling rates may be in the range of 20 to 200 Kelvin per minute. During the spark plasma sintering process, a pulsed or continuous current may be passed through the first and second components. For the connection of the two components by the spark plasma sintering method, a time of 3 to 60 minutes can be spent, whereby the heating and cooling a total time for performing the spark plasma sintering process can result in a duration of about 2 to 3 hours ,
Ein zweiter Aspekt der Erfindung betrifft eine Gasturbinenkomponente, die gemäß dem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren gefertigt wurde. Ein Beispiel für eine solche Gasturbinenkomponente ist eine Gasturbinenschaufel. Das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren lässt sich jedoch auch für die Fertigung anderer Maschinenkomponenten und Werkstücke verwenden. A second aspect of the invention relates to a gas turbine component made according to the method of the invention. An example of such a gas turbine component is a gas turbine blade. However, the method according to the invention can also be used for the production of other machine components and workpieces.
Ausführungsbeispiel embodiment
Die Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand einer Abbildung eines Ausführungsbeispiels näher beschrieben. Die einzige Figur zeigt einen Querschnitt durch ein Werkstück
Für die Bearbeitung des gezeigten Werkstücks kann eine Laserleistung von beispielsweise 75 bis 100 Watt verwendet werden, wenn der Laser mit einer Geschwindigkeit von 40 bis 60 Millimeter pro Minute über die Oberfläche des Werkstücks verfahren wird. Dadurch ergibt sich eine Schmelzpooltiefe von etwa 200 bis 300 Mikrometern. Vorliegend wurde über eine Breite von einigen Millimetern gearbeitet. Es können selbstredend vom Fachmann von diesen Angaben abweichende Parameter für das Laserumschmelzen bestimmt werden. For the processing of the workpiece shown, a laser power of, for example, 75 to 100 watts can be used when the laser is moved at a speed of 40 to 60 millimeters per minute over the surface of the workpiece. This results in a melt pool depth of about 200 to 300 microns. In the present case, work was carried out over a width of a few millimeters. Of course, parameters deviating from these specifications for laser remelting can be determined by the person skilled in the art.
In der Abbildung sind die senkrecht zur Oberfläche
Obwohl die Erfindung im Detail durch das bevorzugte Ausführungsbeispiel näher illustriert und beschrieben wurde, ist die Erfindung nicht durch die offenbarten Beispiele eingeschränkt. Variationen hiervon können vom Fachmann abgeleitet werden, ohne den Schutzumfang der Erfindung, wie er durch die nachfolgenden Patentansprüche definiert wird, zu verlassen. Although the invention has been illustrated and described in detail by the preferred embodiment, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples. Variations thereof may be derived by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (10)
Priority Applications (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102014204347.6A DE102014204347A1 (en) | 2014-03-10 | 2014-03-10 | Spark plasma sintering with improved joining zone strength |
PCT/EP2015/051659 WO2015135680A1 (en) | 2014-03-10 | 2015-01-28 | Spark plasma sintering having improved strength of the fusion zone |
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DE102014204347.6A DE102014204347A1 (en) | 2014-03-10 | 2014-03-10 | Spark plasma sintering with improved joining zone strength |
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Cited By (3)
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EP3575016A1 (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Improvements relating to the manufacture of superalloy components |
CN113165120A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2021-07-23 | 浜松光子学株式会社 | Laser processing device and laser processing method |
US11897056B2 (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2024-02-13 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Laser processing device and laser processing method |
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CN111299583B (en) * | 2020-04-09 | 2021-12-24 | 暨南大学 | Method for manufacturing gradient structure titanium alloy integral component by laser additive manufacturing |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20120183802A1 (en) * | 2011-01-13 | 2012-07-19 | Bruck Gerald J | Resistance weld additive manufacturing |
WO2014026675A2 (en) * | 2012-08-17 | 2014-02-20 | Curamik Electronics Gmbh | Method for producing hollow bodies, particularly for coolers, hollow body and cooler containing electrical and/or electronic components |
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US6384365B1 (en) * | 2000-04-14 | 2002-05-07 | Siemens Westinghouse Power Corporation | Repair and fabrication of combustion turbine components by spark plasma sintering |
EP1340583A1 (en) * | 2002-02-20 | 2003-09-03 | ALSTOM (Switzerland) Ltd | Method of controlled remelting of or laser metal forming on the surface of an article |
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2014
- 2014-03-10 DE DE102014204347.6A patent/DE102014204347A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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US20120183802A1 (en) * | 2011-01-13 | 2012-07-19 | Bruck Gerald J | Resistance weld additive manufacturing |
WO2014026675A2 (en) * | 2012-08-17 | 2014-02-20 | Curamik Electronics Gmbh | Method for producing hollow bodies, particularly for coolers, hollow body and cooler containing electrical and/or electronic components |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP3575016A1 (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2019-12-04 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Improvements relating to the manufacture of superalloy components |
CN113165120A (en) * | 2018-10-30 | 2021-07-23 | 浜松光子学株式会社 | Laser processing device and laser processing method |
US11833611B2 (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2023-12-05 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Laser machining device |
US11897056B2 (en) | 2018-10-30 | 2024-02-13 | Hamamatsu Photonics K.K. | Laser processing device and laser processing method |
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WO2015135680A1 (en) | 2015-09-17 |
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