DE102014013544A1 - Operation of a distance control system for a vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a distance control system for a vehicle F (10), in which a longitudinal control of the vehicle F (10) on the basis of a desired distance D (12) to a vehicle Fvor ahead on a same lane (14) ) he follows. The proposed method is characterized by the fact that the desired distance D (12) is increased when a vehicle approaching the vehicle (F) is detected on the same lane (14) from behind the vehicle F (10) and due to the dynamics the vehicles F (10) and Frück (18) a rear collision between the vehicle F (10) and the vehicle Frück (18) at the time tKoll is predicted.

Description

The invention relates to a method for operating a distance control system for a vehicle F, in which a longitudinal control of the vehicle F takes place on the basis of a desired distance D to a vehicle F _ahead on a same lane. The invention further relates to a distance control system for a vehicle F, as well as a motor vehicle with just such a distance control system.

Generic processes are known in the art, at least in some aspects. From the publication DE 10 2012 218 361 A1 shows a method for safe operation of a motor vehicle, wherein the motor vehicle comprises at least one sensor unit for detecting environmental conditions and for outputting environmental data, an evaluation unit for evaluating the environmental data and for recognizing free spaces and objects, their position and movement and a driving safety coordinator, which is designed to determine a risk of collision of the motor vehicle with an object based on a hazard assessment. Apparently, based on a criticality of a current driving situation and a signal quality of the surroundings data, the driving safety coordinator issues a fallback recommendation to a driver of the motor vehicle or intervenes autonomously in the vehicle guidance, if necessary. According to the disclosure, the autonomous intervention by the driving safety operator is the stronger, the higher the criticality of the current driving situation and the better the signal quality of the environmental data are classified by the evaluation unit. Although a method that corresponds to the state of the art offers alternative assistance for a driver of a motor vehicle in critical driving situations, it does not include any data that indicates and makes use of an imminent rear impact of another motor vehicle on the own motor vehicle in the environment data used to determine the criticality Accordingly, in such a case any existing alternative rooms are not sufficient.

Rear-end collisions with traffic jams, especially on motorways, are among the most common types of accidents. However, especially in rear impact with high differential speed between the vehicle approaching and struck there is a considerable risk of injury to occupants in the struck vehicle, since the impact energy is dissipated largely unrestrained by the surrounding motor vehicle. The problem exists u. a. in that when approaching a jam end usually no or only insufficient escape spaces are available to avoid detection of a fast approaching from behind vehicle.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method which avoids the problems contained in the prior art as far as possible.

The invention results from the features of the independent claims. Advantageous developments and refinements are the subject of the dependent claims.

The object is achieved with a method for operating a distance control system for a vehicle F, in which a longitudinal control of the vehicle F on the basis of a desired distance D to a vehicle ahead on a same lane F _before , achieved by the target distance D is then increased when an approaching on the same lane from behind the vehicle F F vehicle is detected _back and because of the dynamics of the vehicle F and F _back a rear collision between the vehicle and the vehicle F F is _reset predicted at the time t _coll.

Advantageously, the prediction of a rear collision between the vehicle F and F _back takes place only when the vehicle F _returned on the same lane is approaching the vehicle F, on which also the vehicle F is located. For the detection of the vehicle F F _back the vehicle must be equipped with appropriate sensors for monitoring an environment is located at the back of the vehicle F, and in particular for unambiguous detection of a rearward vehicles approaching to the vehicle F F vehicle _rear. The sensors are also designed such that in addition to the detection of a rearward approaching vehicle F _back and an assignment of the vehicle F _back to the own lane is determined.

Upon detection of a rearward on the same lanes approaching vehicle F _back is an increase in the desired distance D between the vehicle F and the preceding vehicle F _before to gain to the preceding vehicle F _before a greater safety distance, so that in case of imminent rear-end collision obtained increased safety distance as Ausweich- or Ausrollzone for the vehicle F is available, whereby a differential speed DG between the vehicles F _back and F can be significantly reduced in a rear impact of the vehicle F _back to the vehicle F, resulting in a significantly lower risk of injury to Inmates in both vehicles results.

The method thus allows for example. When approaching the vehicle F to a storage end with activated adaptive cruise control automatically a longitudinal dynamic deflection space and uses this at impending rear-end collision with a following vehicle F _back to accelerate. This is at Approaching a much slower or stationary vehicle F _{ahead of} the distance to this held high until a danger is approached by an approaching rear vehicle F _back as uncritical. Should not brake the following vehicle F _back, however, the host vehicle accelerates F preferred alternative space, thus reducing the difference in speed.

The invention relates in other words, a method in which the distance to a preceding vehicle F is increased _before ahead when an will recognize _back from the rear approaching vehicle F, and wherein the thus obtained additional free space in front of the own vehicle F for "An escape to the front" is exploited when a threatening rear-end collision with the approaching from behind vehicle F _{back is} determined.

Advantageously, in a further development of the method according to the invention, the increase in the desired distance D depends on a differential speed DG between the vehicle F _back and the vehicle F, wherein the desired distance D increases according to the invention with increasing differential speed DG of the vehicles F and F _back . This aspect of the method, the desired distance D of the differential speeds DG between the vehicles F can dynamically _back and F set in dependence, and thus allows for greater avoidance zone, if a higher differential speed is detected, which requires more escape space for a reduction of the differential speed DG.

In a further embodiment of the inventive method the resultant through the enlarged target distance D on the lane space is provided as a longitudinally dynamic escape space for the vehicle F such usable, that the vehicle F for reducing the differential velocity DG between the vehicle F _back and the vehicle F at the time t _koll the predicted rear-end collision or to avoid the predicted rear-end collision is accelerated anticipatory. The acceleration of the vehicle F is carried out according to the invention all the more stronger, the higher the speed difference DG between the colliding vehicle F _back and turns the vehicle F, thereby Ideally, a collision of the two vehicles F can be _recycled and F completely prevented in the available deflection space.

A further preferred embodiment of the inventive method provides to make the acceleration of the vehicle F in the longitudinally dynamic alternative space such that at time t _{Koll of} the predicted rear-end collision, the differential speed DG between the approaching vehicle F _back and the vehicle F is minimal to the on Vehicle F to allow the least possible input of energy. At best, however, the collision between the vehicles F _Rück and F remains completely, in which case it is provided according to the invention that there is still a sufficient distance between the vehicle F and the vehicle F _before , in order to decelerate the vehicle F such that it does not _before collision occurs with the vehicle F, which is running ahead of the vehicle F on the same lane.

Method of the invention is further developed in such a way advantageous for the acceleration of the vehicle F is carried out continuously or stepwise and thereby can be adjusted _back and the vehicle F possible request according to different differential speeds DG between the following vehicle F. However, a prerequisite for this is obvious that the vehicle F has sufficient drive power and the roadway has a sufficiently high coefficient of friction.

Next, the inventive method is designed so advantageous that at the latest in the predicted collision time t _Koll a brake system of the vehicle F has built a braking torque, so that a subsequent collision of the vehicle F with the preceding vehicle F _before minimized in severity or ideally completely prevented can.

Likewise advantageously, the method according to the invention is configured and developed in such a way that on the basis of a currently detected dynamics of the vehicles F _back , F and F _before determining the desired distance D, predicting a rear-end collision and accelerating the vehicle F to avoid the rear-end collision continuously updated and adapted to current events. In this way, for example, even timely braking of the vehicle F _back can be detected, resulting in no immediate danger of a collision of vehicles F _back and F results to be therefore reduced as a result of the nominal distance D to the preceding vehicle F _before by the vehicle F can.

In an additional advantageous development, the method according to the invention is automated, in particular real-time executable, wherein the automated execution of the method by a manual intervention of a driver of the vehicle F can be stopped. This ensures that the driver always retains control of the vehicle F and can correct any evaluation errors of the method according to the invention itself. Ideally, the driver of the vehicle F receives a feedback about a current state of the method according to the invention, which can preferably be signaled optically and / or acoustically.

Further, the object with a distance control system for a vehicle F, in which a longitudinal control of the vehicle F on the basis of a desired distance D to a vehicle ahead on the same lane F F _, is achieved in that the distance control system is designed and arranged such that the target distance D is increased when an approaching on the same lane from behind the vehicle F vehicle F is detected _back and because of the dynamics of the vehicle F and F _back a rear collision between the vehicle F and the vehicle F _back at the time t _{Koll is} predicted.

Advantages and developments of the proposed distance control system result from a meaningful and analogous transmission of the statements made above in connection with the proposed method.

Finally, the object is also achieved with a motor vehicle comprising a distance control system according to the invention.

Further advantages, features and details will become apparent from the following description in which - where appropriate, with reference to the drawings - at least one embodiment is described in detail. The same, similar and / or functionally identical parts are provided with the same reference numerals.

Show it:

1a -B is a schematic two traffic situations with vehicles F, F _back and F _before , in response to a approaching dynamics of the vehicle F _back to the vehicle F, the target distance D between the vehicles F and F is set _before variable by the vehicle F,

2 a diagram of the behavior of variables of the procedure, and

3 a representation for explaining the parameters / variables of 2 ,

1a -B show as examples two traffic situations with vehicles F 10 , F _back 18 and F _before 16 on a lane 14 , usually also called driving tube drive, with the vehicle F 10 between the vehicles F _back 18 and F _before 16 is located and the vehicle F _back 18 running ahead. In the in 1a shown traffic situation approaches the vehicle F _back 18 with a speed v _rear, which is only slightly higher than the speed v of the vehicle F 10 which is on the same lane 14 moves. Due to a relatively low differential speed DG between the vehicles F in this traffic _situation 18 and F 10 is a relatively small desired distance D according to the inventive method 12 between the vehicles F 10 and F _before 16 set. In the in 1b On the other hand, the traffic _situation approaches the vehicle F approaches 18 with a speed v _rear, the speed v of the vehicle F 10 clearly exceeds. Due to the high differential speed DG between the vehicles F in this traffic _situation 18 and F 10 is in this case a large desired distance D according to the inventive method in this case 12 between the vehicles F 10 and F _before 16 set.

2 shows a diagram of the behavior of variables of the method. The 2 refers to a situation as in 3 is shown. In the in 3 The vehicle Ego with activated cruise control approaches the vehicle front.If the vehicle Ego does not recognize a rear vehicle rear or an approaching rear vehicle with a high differential speed, then at t = 0 s a distance d _front to the front vehicle front In the example in 2 this distance is about 30 m (curve B) when the vehicle is stationary ( _ego = 0 km / h, see curve TA). The further course of the distance to the front vehicle front is described by the course of the curve B. If now an approaching rear vehicle rear at a distance d _rear (curve C, here 125 m, for example) with the absolute velocity v _rear (curve E) and the relative velocity v _{rel, rear} (curve D, here: 90 km / h), the front vehicle accelerates (TA1). The acceleration can be executed in several stages (here: 2nd stage with TA2). The acceleration is designed so at the time of the predicted rear crash (TA3), the relative velocity v _{rel, rear is} minimal and in the absence of collision enough distance (TBI1 to the front vehicle is to delay the vehicle Ego to TA4 such that no collision At time TA3 of the rear crash, the benefit is to be quantified by changing the relative speed G. This is the result of the reduced relative speed D to the original relative speed E. To mitigate the crash pulse, the brake is at collision time t _{crash is} already preconditioned (braking torque is already built up) In the system simulated here by way of example, the relative speed can be reduced by more than 30 km / h, which corresponds to a reduction of the impact energy of over 50% in the scenario shown.

If the front vehicle front does not stand or restarts or the rear vehicle rear accelerates or brakes, the individual parameters must be adapted according to an optimal system design. However, the benefit of the system is not tied to a stationary front vehicle. If the front vehicle changes lane, the vehicle ahead of it is the new front vehicle to be considered. If the rear vehicle changes lane, the vehicle behind it is the new rear vehicle to be considered. If the driver of the ego vehicle intervenes, the maneuver must be interrupted.

In the uncritical case of a braking rear rear vehicle, the gap is closed again to the front vehicle front.

The proposed method or assistance system requires sensors for detecting the front and rear traffic areas. The larger these detection ranges are, the higher the potential benefit can be. Actuators require automated acceleration and braking. Further, an output of driver information to increase the acceptance is proposed. The combination with previous warning systems for rear traffic is also proposed. While the invention has been illustrated and explained in detail by way of preferred embodiments, the invention is not limited by the disclosed examples, and other variations can be derived therefrom by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention. It is therefore clear that a multitude of possible variations exists. It is also to be understood that exemplified embodiments are really only examples that are not to be construed in any way as limiting the scope, applicability, or configuration of the invention. Rather, the foregoing description and description enable the skilled artisan to practice the exemplary embodiments, and those of skill in the knowledge of the disclosed inventive concept may make various changes, for example, to the function or arrangement of particular elements recited in an exemplary embodiment. without departing from the scope defined by the claims and their legal equivalents, such as further explanation in the specification.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

Vehicle F

12

Nominal distance D

14

lane

16

Vehicle F _before

18

Vehicle F _back

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102012218361 A1 [0002]

Claims (10)

Method for operating a distance control system for a vehicle F ( 10 ), in which a longitudinal regulation of the vehicle F ( 10 ) based on a desired distance D ( 12 ) to one on a same lane ( 14 Vehicle) in-front F _before ( 16 ), characterized in that the desired distance D ( 12 ) is then increased if one is on the same lane ( 14 ) from behind the vehicle F ( 10 ) F approaching vehicle _rear ( 18 ) and due to the dynamics of the vehicles F ( 10 ) And F _back ( 18 ) a rear-end collision between the vehicle F ( 10 ) And the vehicle _rear-F ( 18 ) is predicted at time t _Koll . A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the increase in the desired distance D ( 12 ) Pending _rear (on a difference between the vehicle speed DG F 18 ) and the vehicle F ( 10 ), the desired distance D ( 12 ) increases with increasing differential speed DG. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that by the increased desired distance D ( 12 ) on the lane ( 14 ) space is used as a longitudinally dynamic alternative space in which the vehicle F ( 10 ) _Back (to reduce the difference between the vehicle speed DG F 18 ) and the vehicle F ( 10 ) is accelerated in a forward-looking manner at the time t _{koll of} the predicted rear-end collision or to avoid the predicted rear-end collision. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the acceleration of the vehicle F ( 10 ) takes place in the longitudinally dynamic alternative space in such a way that the differential speed DG is minimal at the time t _{Koll of} the predicted rear-end collision, and if there is no rear-end collision there is still a sufficient distance between the vehicle F (FIG. 10 ) and the vehicle F _before ( 16 ) to the vehicle F ( 10 ) so that no collision of the vehicle F ( 10 ) with the vehicle F _before ( 16 ) he follows. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the acceleration of the vehicle F ( 10 ) is continuous or gradual. Method according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that at the latest at the predicted time t _Koll a brake system of the vehicle F ( 10 ) has built up a braking torque. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the determination of the desired distance D ( 12 ), predicting a rear-end collision, and accelerating the vehicle F ( 10 ) to avoid the rear collision depending on a currently detected dynamics of the vehicles F _return ( 18 ), F ( 10 ), F _before ( 16 ) is updated. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the method is carried out automatically, wherein the automated execution of the method by a manual intervention of a driver of the vehicle F ( 10 ) is stopped. Distance control system for a vehicle F ( 10 ), in which a longitudinal regulation of the vehicle F ( 10 ) based on a desired distance D ( 12 ) to one on a same lane ( 14 Vehicle) in-front F _before ( 16 ), and for carrying out a method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance control system is designed and set up such that the desired distance D ( 12 ) is then increased if one is on the same lane ( 14 ) from behind the vehicle F ( 10 ) F approaching vehicle _rear ( 18 ) and due to the dynamics of the vehicles F ( 10 ) And F _back ( 18 ) a rear-end collision between the vehicle F ( 10 ) And the vehicle _rear-F ( 18 ) is predicted at time t _Koll . Vehicle with a distance control system according to claim 9.

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