DE102014011822A1 - Antenna system for several primaries, in particular several base stations - Google Patents

Abstract

An improved antenna system, in particular a mobile radio system, is characterized by the following features: between the primaries (P1, P2,..., Pm) and the antenna-related ALD devices (ALD # 1, ALD # 2,..., ALD # n ) a primary ALD switch matrix is connected, the primary ALD switch matrix comprises m primary connections (PA1, PA2,..., PAm), the primary ALD switch matrix comprises n ALD connections (AA1, AA2 , ..., AAn), - m and n each represent a natural number, namely with m> 1 and n> 1, - the provided in the primary ALD Schaitmatrix switch (S) are constructed and so controlled in that different primary connections (PA1, PA2, ..., PAm) are connected to one or more of the different ALD connections (AA1, AA2, ..., AAn) and / or one or more of the ALD connections (AA1 , AA2, ..., AAn) can be connected to one or more of the primary connections (PA1, PA2, ..., PAm), and - the primary ALD switch matrix comprises at least one microprocessor (μC) or a microprocessor (μC) is assigned to the primary ALD Schaitmatrix, about which the individual switches (S) are controllable.

Description

The invention relates to an antenna system for a plurality of primaries, in particular a plurality of base stations according to the preamble of claim 1.

Mobile radio antennas are known to radiate and / or receive in one or more frequency bands, for example in a 900 MHz band, in a 1800 MHz band, in a 1900 MHz band, or in a UMTS band, for example in a range of about 1920 MHz to 2170 MHz. Likewise, antennas can work according to the newer LTE standard. There are basically no restrictions on the operating mode and / or the transmission frequency ranges.

Proven mobile radio antennas work with radiators or radiator devices that can transmit and / or receive, for example, in two mutually perpendicular polarizations. It is often spoken in this respect of an X-polarization, since the two polarization planes are aligned in principle at a + 45 ° angle or a -45 ° angle relative to the horizontal plane or vertical plane.

Mobile radio antennas are increasingly equipped with remote-controlled or remote-interrogated functions. In the past, this was realized by optional externally mountable devices or functional groups. Known applications of this type are the control of the down-tilt of an antenna, also called Remote Electrical Tilt (RET), or the monitoring and control of a tower mounted amplifier (TMA), etc. In general, so the number of so-called ALD devices (ie so-called "antenna line devices") in the environment of the mobile radio antenna.

Thus, additional sensors for alignment and monitoring can be used. The mobile radio antenna is occupied with more and more frequency bands and each frequency band is served, for example, with a separate RET.

An improvement in this regard is achieved by using a so-called multi-RET, as described for example in the EP 2 514 028 is described. There, it is proposed to provide a corresponding multi-beam shaping device with at least one drive device which comprises a plurality of interfaces in order to be able to control different RET units in a targeted manner.

In addition, however, so-called site-sharing scenarios are increasing, as for example in the WO 2012/130347 A1 are described.

In such site-sharing cases, network operators share a site, much like co-siting scenarios. It is proposed to connect a multi-beam auxiliary device to the correspondingly provided interfaces of an antenna, by means of which it can be ensured that a corresponding drive device of two or more independent primary control devices, ie. H. so-called primaries can be operated, with a Primary, for example, a primary control unit, the one network operator and the other primary control unit can be assigned to another network operator. In addition, many cases are known in which existing antenna sites are extended by additional antennas and / or additional frequency bands. This results in a mixed situation of old and new base stations. As a result, the number of electrical / electronic units connected close to the antenna also increases, for example the installation of so-called remote radio heads (RRH), which can be installed repeatedly and independently of one another for the different antennas and / or frequency bands.

Also of increasing importance is the detection of antenna parameters such as azimuth alignment, mechanical tilt, beamwidth control, acquisition of temperature data, mechanical location changes, and acquisition of geodata from the antenna. Each of these functions is implemented by its own functional unit or a combination of functional units. Depending on the antenna design, these functional units are partially or completely integrated in the antenna.

Against this background, it is an object of the present invention to provide an improved antenna system, in particular mobile radio antenna system, which enables a simplified and / or improved control possibility of the various antenna-related components, d. H. in particular of so-called ALD devices.

The object is achieved according to the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are specified in the subclaims.

In the context of the present invention, an improved overall configuration is created, which provides a significant improvement in terms of variability and adaptability to given antenna scenarios, and this at a manageable expense.

According to the invention, an optionally universally configurable switching matrix is provided, which makes it possible that on the Base station side m base stations can be assigned or connected, and that on the antenna side n ports are provided, over which n ALD devices are controlled accordingly.

Thus, with the m × n switching matrix proposed in the context of the invention, it is possible to use up to m primaries (that is, for example, m network operators and / or primary control devices, in general also m base stations). All primaries can be interconnected with the associated n ALD devices. The switching positions of the switching matrix are preferably controlled by a microprocessor and can preferably be programmed via the inputs with a configuration file.

With such a structure, therefore, the interconnection problems existing in the prior art can be solved in a simple and elegant manner. This structure according to the invention also makes it possible for different primaries to directly access the different ALD devices provided near the antenna, without these devices having to be provided several times for the individual antennas and / or frequency ranges. This leads to a drastic reduction of the basically required ALD devices, since it is sufficient if, for example, for a multi-antenna antenna system that is possibly operated by different primaries, now only one sensor for detecting the GPS position, only one sensor for detecting the inclination of the antenna, only one sensor for the temperature in an antenna housing etc. is needed.

In the context of the invention, the control is effected via the m × n switching matrix, preferably with RS-485 AISG signals or by means of OOK modulation signals. The OOK signals are known to be the so-called "on-off keying", ie a specific amplitude keying, which represents a special form of amplitude shift keying according to "amplitude shift keying" (ASK). In the case of the OOK modulation signal, a carrier is turned on or off to transmit a logic 1 and a 0, respectively.

The desired configuration of the switch matrix proposed according to the invention can preferably be configured ex factory (ie manufacturer-ready) depending on the specific antenna location scenario. Ie. Knowing the number of m primaries and the n ALD devices, a switch matrix with a correspondingly matched number with m primary connections and with n ALD device connections can be configured accordingly. Accordingly, the interfaces can be defined, whether they are for example for the RS-485 standard AISG or be suitable for the transmission of OOK modulation signals.

However, a configuration by the operator itself is also possible. For this purpose, a standard matrix with sufficient input and / or output-side connections can be provided, which are designed so that all primaries can control all available ALD devices via this.

In this case, in a preferred embodiment of the invention beyond the current number of primaries several connections can be provided, which are provided in a corresponding division, for example, for the transmission of AISG signals or for transmission according to the OOK modem signal standard.

• • Das Prinzip der Schaltmatrix kann innerhalb einer Antenne, aber auch als externes Gerät ausgeführt sein. Eine universelle Lösung kann beispielsweise in mehreren Antennentypen zum Einsatz kommen.
• • Die Verkabelung der ALDs am Antennenstandort vereinfacht sich.
• • Jedes ALD kann gezielt auf ein (bestimmtes) Primary geschaltet werden – ein Multimaster ist nicht notwendig
• • Die Eingangsports der Schaltmatrix sind kompatibel zu allen Basisstationstypen – verschiedene Protokollstandards sind beispielsweise an einer Antenne möglich AISG1.1 oder AISG2.0.

The solution according to the invention therefore also has, among other things, the following advantages:

• • The principle of the switching matrix can be implemented within an antenna, but also as an external device. A universal solution can be used, for example, in several types of antennas.
• • Cabling the ALDs at the antenna site is simplified.
• • Each ALD can be selectively switched to a (specific) Primary - a Multimaster is not necessary
• • The input ports of the switching matrix are compatible with all base station types - different protocol standards are possible, for example, on an antenna AISG1.1 or AISG2.0.

Against this background, the present invention also differs from the EP 2 692 017 A0 (equals to WO 2012/130367 A1 ). The difference lies, inter alia, in the fact that in the known from the aforementioned prior art site sharing adapter a possibility is created to n subscribers who are connected to its input ports, via a multiplexing method together. In principle, this site-sharing adapter works like a converter that provides conversion of parallel-pending signals to serial signals for the communications signals while providing DC power.

In contrast, the switching matrix according to the invention can switch through an arbitrary primary input to each of the several provided outputs. As a result, there is a direct connection between a signal source (for example in the form of a base station BTS) and a signal sink (for example in the form of a position sensor ALD such as an ASD alignment sensor device or a RET unit, etc.).

A difference between the solution according to the invention and to that of EP 2 340 683 B1 known multiplexer circuitry (which may also be referred to as a smart plexer) consists, inter alia, that in the inventively provided switching matrix in deviation from prior art multiplexer circuits leading from the base stations to the antenna devices RF feed lines (feeder lines) are merged can. Because the switching matrix according to the invention is in the context of the antenna configuration alone for the transmission of the AISG configuration signals according to the RS-485 interface standard on the one hand or the On-Off-Keying (OOK) standard (modulation type) on the other.

Finally, it should also be pointed out that in the context of the invention, the proposed switching matrix independently on any channels convert the signals and, for example, the DC supply voltage via the 4/5 pole supply line u. a. The RS-485 signals also lead to a DC supply voltage via coaxial cable incl. the OOK modem signal or vice versa from a DC supply voltage via coax cable and pending OOK modem signals to DC supply voltage via the 4/5 pole supply line Can convert RS-485 signals.

The invention will be explained in more detail by way of examples. In detail:

1 : a schematic arrangement of an antenna system comprising several base stations, in particular a mobile radio system,

2 : a schematic representation of the solution according to the invention; and

3 : a schematic representation of the two interface options RS485 + DC and OOK + DC

In 1 an antenna system basically known in the prior art is reproduced by way of example and in simplified form, for example at an installation site 1 , here in the form of a mast 1' (or on a housing, buildings, etc.) three antenna devices are mounted, namely a first antenna device ANT1, a second antenna device ANT2 and a third antenna device ANT3. The radiators located therein can be constructed as desired. Reference is here made to previously known solutions. For example, they are preferably X-polarized radiators, which are equipped so that they can transmit and / or receive in two mutually perpendicular polarizations, wherein the polarization planes are each aligned at a 45 ° angle to the horizontal and / or vertical plane , This too is only an example. Corresponding antennas can be designed as mono-, dual- or multi-band antennas, which operate according to a wide variety of standards.

In the exemplary embodiment shown, therefore, three antennas ANT1 to ANT3 are shown. Basically, this number is not limited. Furthermore, in 1 three base stations BS1, BS2 and BS3 indicated that communicate with the individual antennas ANT1, ANT2 and ANT3. Again, it is indicated that in addition to the base stations BS1 to BS3 any number of base stations can be provided, in general so m base stations BSm. These base stations generally represent the primaries, that is, the primaries P1, P2, P3 to ultimately Pm.

At the explained antenna location 1 For example, with regard to the antenna technology, a mixed constellation with "old" and "new" technology may be present, for example such that at least one of the antenna units is equipped by means of LTE technology, whereas another antenna unit operates according to the GSM standard, for example using a communication protocol according to FIG AISG 1.0 standard whereas newer antennas incl. the integrated or external ALD devices can be operated, for example, according to the communication protocol AISG 2.0 or higher.

Otherwise, reference is made to known configurations with regard to the construction and the mode of operation of such an antenna installation, for example also to the described mixed constellations, as described in US Pat EP 2 340 683 B1 are described.

At such an antenna device now several ALD devices, so antenna line devices are provided, which in 2 only as ALD # 1, ALD # 2, ALD # 3 and ALD # n are shown schematically. These may be devices that are close to the antenna and contain, for example, sensors for determining the geostationary positions, sensors for tilt alignment, sensors for determining the orientation in the azimuth direction and not only in the elevation direction, for determining a temperature, etc. These ALD Devices can be integrated in the antennas ANT1 to ANT3, ie in particular housed protected inside the antennas (for example, inside the radome or the housing cover on the back of a reflector usually provided), or externally to these antennas, for example separately on the mast 1' or in any other way at the installation site 1 be mounted. In 1 their antenna-near position is only hinted at.

In this case, these different antenna-near ALD devices from different primaries, ie network operators or primary control devices or generally the different base stations can each be controlled and operated. Therefore, the in 1 shown base stations BS1 to BS3 ultimately only an example of the proposed possible primaries.

In the context of the invention, a structure is proposed here, as basically according to the schematic illustration according to FIG 2 can be seen.

According to 2 For example, a primary ALD switching matrix is proposed which, in the embodiment shown, has m primary connections PA1, PA2, PA3,... PAm.

From the in 2 four primary inputs or terminals PA1, PA2, ... PAm shown in the embodiment shown, all four are connected. But it would also be possible that only a part of these inputs or connections is connected. It is indicated that m primary inputs or primary connections can be provided, where m is a natural number> 1.

The primary terminals or inputs PAm have, for example, an RS-485 interface via which corresponding communication signals are fed or information signals corresponding to the ALD devices can again be received in the opposite direction and returned to the associated base station or in general to the associated primary PA1 , At the same time, a direct current (DC), which is needed to operate the ALD devices, can be fed in via this input.

The inputs PA1, PA2, ... PAm can also be equipped for transmission according to the OOK modulation standard. This is an amplitude shift keying (Amplitude Shift Keying, abbreviated ASK). It is a digital modulation mode in which the amplitude of the carrier is changed to transmit different values. The simplest form of amplitude sampling is so-called on-off-keying (OOK), in which the carrier is switched on or off in order to transmit a 1 or a 0, respectively.

The OOK modulation method for communication between primaries and ALDs is in the 3GPP standard 25.461 (V12.1.0-2014-06), chapter 4.3 completely described. This is also available on the website www.3gpp.org.

Both interfaces mentioned above, namely the RS-485 interface or the OOK modulation are technically possible, but also differ in their physical form. RS-485 is a 4/5-pin DIN connector, while its OOK modulation is realized via a coax connection. 4 or 5 poles because in the AISG standard at least 4 wires are defined, but also 5 wires can optionally be used. These are the GND, DC_10..30 V, (optional DC_12 V) RS-485A and RS-485B.

Thus, the interface connections are not arbitrary example. By software configurable. The interface must already be defined during product design. Of course, you can build any variants, so for example, a development variant with m = 4 (2xRS-485 + 2xOOK) and n = 2 (only 2xOOK) ports or a variant only with OOK connectors on all inputs and outputs.

In principle, however, instead of only two different amplitude values, it would also be possible to use a plurality of gradations, whereby several bits can be coded per symbol step.

In this case, this technique is preferably implemented in a digital logic, for example according to the TTL or CMOS standard. For example, a TTL standard digital logic would assume that it is designed to operate at a 5 volt supply with a + 5% offset. For the purposes of the present invention, such a TTL logic is understood as digital logic, since in principle a digital logic comparable to the TTL standard could be implemented, which could be implemented, for example, at voltage values other than the 5 volt standard value for the TTL logic So z. B. CMOS logic at 3.3V.

In 2 is still indicated that all or only a part of the primary inputs or primary terminals PA1 to PAm can be equipped by the OOK modulation method or with an RS-485 interface. This can be factory adjusted according to the on-site scenario, so there may be a mixed situation on the input or terminal side of the primaries on the matrix.

Furthermore, the primary ALD switching matrix comprises one or more microprocessors μC, via which the internal m × n switches S of the ALD primary switching matrix can be controlled.

Because by the microprocessor control can actually every single input PA1 to PAn placed on any ALD port AA1, AA2, ... AAn or connected to it.

In 2 all the primaries P1 to Pm shown are via a connecting or connecting line 10 connected to an associated input PA1 to Pam.

From each of the outputs AA1 to AAn of the ALD switching matrix can be a connection, ie a connection line 11 to one of the intended ALD devices ALD # 1 to ALD ## n. These connection or connecting cables 10 respectively. 11 Thus, any connection from one of the primaries to one or more of the ALD devices will represent information / data / signals from primaries to one or more ALD devices and / or, conversely, information / data / signals from one or more ALD devices. Devices to one or more of the primaries. These connection or connecting cables 10 . 11 Thus, they do not serve to transmit radio-frequency signals, in particular of transmit and / or receive signals, which are transmitted between the primaries and the antenna devices ANT1 to, for example, ANT3.

The structure is thus such that each primary-side connection or input PA1 to PAm can be arbitrarily switched to one or more antenna-near ALD connections AA1 to AAn. Likewise, an antenna-side terminal or output AA1 to AAn can be switched to one or more primary-side inputs or connections PA1 to PAm.

The mentioned and in 2 indicated antenna-near ALD devices ALD # 1 to ALD # n can each be integrated in the antenna system or be arranged externally (ie outside the radome of a corresponding antenna).

The control unit, d. H. the microprocessor μC is powered by or via a DC power supply, e.g. B. supplied in the form of a DC-DC converter DC / DC, the DC components over the primaries, d. H. via the n primary inputs PA1 to PAm provides.

In addition, there may be a separate DC line 13 be provided, which supplies the explained ALD primary switching matrix separately, for example, via a DC power supply unit with DC voltage, in the illustrated embodiment, for example, 48 volts.

The "function" switching matrix is used, for example, at an antenna location of several base stations, for example by several network operators. Therefore, the power consumption of the switching matrix should also be assigned specifically. The switching matrix has a low power consumption. This power can be individually configured from an input port, the input port with the highest DC voltage, or from the 48V DC input. In the delivery state, the power is taken from the port with the highest supply voltage. If this is followed by an assignment via the configuration, the next time the power is switched on, the power is taken from just one port. If nothing is configured, the situation will remain the same as delivered.

Finally, the described switching matrix can itself also fulfill a function such as an ALD device, for example in the form of a sensor integrated in the ALD switching matrix. The corresponding matrix-specific ALD unit is designated as ALD # 0 in the exemplary embodiment shown.

The corresponding data for the operation of the switching matrix (configuration data) can be stored in memory 17 be stored, for example in the form of an EEProm's. This can change the system configuration 19 be recorded accordingly or the corresponding data can be made available. The corresponding data for the system configuration 19 but also for example via another interface 21 , Be provided in particular via an RFID interface. Similarly, the configuration of the switch positions, ie the individual positions for the switch S can be done ex works, or via separate inputs, for example in the form of a service port 117 or else via the primary-side inputs PA1 to PAm or at least one of these inputs. Restrictions regarding the availability of the configuration data do not exist.

The switching matrix may preferably be configured to have a sufficient number of primary terminals or generally primary inputs PA1 to PAm and a sufficient number of antenna terminals or antenna outputs AA1 to AAn, a corresponding proportion of which may be so equipped that she can transfer to after RS-485 standard and another part of the ports is configured after transmission according to the OOK modem standard.

It should be noted that the antenna-side connections AA1 to AAn can likewise be set again in such a way that RS-485 interfaces are provided there or that these connections are defined according to this method for transmission according to the OOK modem method. This can be determined at the factory according to the scenario on site of the installed antenna or a corresponding number of terminals is provided, which are designed in part according to one and partly according to the other transmission standard to the switching matrix as possible flexible and as general as possible for a wide variety of antenna scenarios. Thus, for example, the embodiment could be such that, for example, four RS-485 interfaces and, for example, three interfaces are provided for the OOK modem method, ie a total of seven interfaces. For example, for the particular antenna in the field, only four primaries may be provided, for example two requiring an RS-485 port and two requiring a port for an OOK modem process. The unneeded interfaces remain unoccupied.

A corresponding switching matrix can thus be preconfigured at the factory for a specific antenna situation in such a way that it has only a corresponding number of primary connections, corresponding to the connections of the primaries to a predetermined antenna location. The primary ports can be configured by default to provide the correct interface and mode of transmission for the primaries concerned, either after RS-485 standard or the OOK standard.

The same applies to the output and / or antenna side, if a specific known configuration of ALD devices is specified on the antenna side at a specific antenna location.

Otherwise, a correspondingly explained switching matrix can also have multiple inputs and outputs in order to be able to use them at the different locations for different configurations without specific adaptation to the locations. Unnecessary input or output connections can remain unconnected.

The illustrated switching matrix may switch through, transmit and process any signals related to the AISG standard. The described switching matrix according to the invention can even be configured via the input ports (connections), since the switching matrix itself represents a device that can process the AISG communication protocol.

The switching matrix can preferably also independently convert the signals on any channels, for example from DC-proportional RS-485 signals to DC-proportional OOK signals or vice versa.

With such a structure and such a configuration, the advantages already explained can be realized.

However, the explained configuration also offers other interesting application possibilities and associated advantages.

A common problem is the distribution of AISG signals based on the OOK modem signal. Signal distributors are often implemented as passive RF power dividers. The invention may be used as an active OOK splitter without attenuation of the 2.176 MHz OOK communications channel. For a purely passive 2-way splitter, there are 3 dB attenuation on the communication channel for technical reasons. With a 3-way splitter, at least 4.8 dB attenuation results for the OOK communication channel due to technical reasons. In the version with DC + OOK interface, the communication channel without RF attenuation can be split up to n times with the active switching matrix.

In certain installations of antenna sites with multiple ALDs, it may be useful to target specific ALDs to a specific power source with DC power.

There could be use cases within an antenna, in which, for example, the ALDs on the communication side should each be assigned their own primary, but the DC supply of the ALDs should be made from a central location. This can be, for example, the 48 V supply of the active antenna with RRH or, for example, specifically only a normal input port. The flexibility of the switching matrix thus additionally allows the separate routing of the DC channel, independently of the communication channel if required. The assignment of the DC supply is also flexibly configurable from the outside.

Since at antenna sites mixed situations with "old" and "new" technology may exist, for. For example, retrofitting LTE technology to an existing GSM site also creates situations with older and newer ALDs. Older ALDs work according to the communication protocol according to AISG1.0. Newer ALDs usually work according to the communication protocol AISG2.0. The AISG standard is not compatible with each other. At the present time, the newer ALDs as well as the newer primaries mostly master both communication standards and are backwards compatible. However, future devices could also only be built for AISG2.0 or in the foreseeable future AISG3.0. Then there would be compatibility issues between the older and newer devices.

The active switching matrix in its embodiment with a controller for each input port also allows to change the protocol mode. In the case of use with modern AISG2.0 ALDs, the switching matrix can, for example, translate the communication commands of older AISG1.0 primaries for each communication channel and vice versa. Older ALDs could communicate with newer primaries.

Finally, it is noted that the illustrated ALD switch matrix should include at least two input ports PA # 1 and PA # 2 and at least two ALD ports AA1 and AA2. Preferably, both the input-side and the output-side connections are present in higher numbers.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• EP 2514028 [0006]
• WO 2012/130347 A1 [0007]
• EP 2692017 A0 [0021]
• WO 2012/130367 A1 [0021]
• EP 2340683 B1 [0023, 0032]

Cited non-patent literature

• RS-485 AISG standard [0017]
• RS-485 interface standard [0023]
• AISG 1.0 standard [0031]
• 3GPP standard 25.461 (V12.1.0-2014-06), Chapter 4.3 [0040]
• RS-485 standard [0057]
• RS-485 standard [0059]

Claims (12)

Antenna system, in particular mobile radio antenna system, having the following features: With at least two primaries (P1, P2, Pn), With at least one antenna device (ANT1, ANT2, ANT3), With at least two antenna-related components in the form of ALD devices (ALD # 1, ALD # 2,..., ALD # n), characterized by the following further features: Between the primaries (P1, P2, ..., Pm) and the antenna-related ALD devices (ALD # 1, ALD # 2, ..., ALD # n) a primary ALD switching matrix is connected, The primary ALD shift matrix comprises m primary ports (PA1, PA2,..., PAm), The primary ALD shift matrix comprises n ALD ports (AA1, AA2, ..., AAn), - m and n represent each a natural number, with m> 1 and n> 1, - The provided in the primary ALD Schaitmatrix switch (S) are constructed and controlled so that different primary terminals (PA1, PA2, ..., PAm) with one or more of the different ALD terminals (AA1, AA2 , ..., AAn) and / or that one or more of the ALD connections (AA1, AA2, ..., AAn) can be connected to one or more of the primary connections (PA1, PA2, ..., PAm) or are, and - The primary ALD switching matrix comprises at least one microprocessor (μC) or a microprocessor (μC) is associated with the primary ALD switching matrix, via which the individual switches (S) are controllable. Antenna system according to claim 1, characterized in that the primary terminals (PA1, PA2, ..., PAm) or at least a part thereof via power supply lines ( 9 ) are connected to the microprocessor (μC) at least indirectly to the power supply. Antenna system according to claim 2, characterized in that a DC-DC converter (DC / DC) is provided for the power supply of the ALD switching matrix, wherein the DC-DC converter (DC / DC) DC voltage via at least one of the primary-side terminals (PA1, PA2, ..., PAm), preferably from the input (PA1, PA2, ..., PAm) with the highest supply voltage and / or via a separate supply voltage line ( 13 ) can be fed. Antenna system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that a separate power supply line ( 13 ) for operating the microprocessor (μC) to or connected to the primary ALD switch matrix. Antenna system according to one of Claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the primary ALD switching matrix has a memory device ( 17 ) preferably in the form of a non-volatile memory or EEPROM for storing the system configuration. Antenna system according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the primary ALD switching matrix is associated with an RFID storage unit, preferably in the form of an RFID EEPROM for loading the system configuration. Antenna system according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the primary ALD switching matrix configuration data via an input port and / or at least one of the plurality of primary terminals (PA1, PA2, ..., PAm) can be fed. Antenna system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a part of the primary terminals (PA1, PA2, ..., PAm) is configured or configurable so that RS-485 communication signals are transferable. Antenna system according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that at least a part of the primary inputs (PA1, PA2, ..., PAm) is configured or configurable so that OOK modem signals are transferable. Antenna system according to one of Claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the switches (S) located in the primary ALD switching matrix are implemented by a digital logic having a predetermined DC voltage range, in particular according to the TTL logic or the CMOS logic. Antenna system according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that the primary ALD switching matrix itself is an ALD device (ALD # 0) with an integrated ALD component. Antenna system according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the primary ALD switching matrix further comprises a service port ( 117 ).

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