DE102014010795A1 - Impeller and leaf and waste vacuum - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an impeller (100) for a leaf and waste sucker, comprising a base plate (101) through the center of which the axis of rotation of the impeller (100) extends, at least one blade (102) extending in the longitudinal direction thereof from a region of the center of the base plate (101) to a radially outer edge (104) of the base plate (101) and is arranged with a first longitudinal edge thereof standing on the base plate (101), wherein the width, the at least one wing ( 102) in its transverse direction, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, decreases in the longitudinal direction of the at least one wing (102) from the center of the base plate (101) to the radially outer edge (104) of the base plate (101).

Description

The present invention relates to an impeller and more particularly to an impeller for a leaf and waste vacuum.

Leaf and waste vacuum cleaners are preferably used to clean larger areas outside of buildings. Such areas are for example roads, paths or parking lots. In such deciduous and waste aspirators, the noise and exhaust emissions and energy consumption increasingly play a more important role.

Since leaf and waste aspirators are usually operated by exhaust and noise generating internal combustion engines, offers as an alternative to an electrification to reduce both the noise and exhaust emissions and energy consumption. If no emissions are generated as a result of electrification, indoor use is also possible.

After the replacement of an internal combustion engine by an electric motor in a leaf and waste vacuum, the impeller used to generate a suction pressure and to crush and transport a suction material becomes the most significant noise generator.

Because even modern accumulators have only a limited storage capacity of electrical energy in relation to their weight and their acquisition costs, it is also necessary to achieve a satisfactory operating life of an electrified leaf and waste sucker with a rechargeable battery to optimize the total power consumption.

As a result of the above and other reasons, an impeller has to perform several functions in an electric or powered by an internal combustion engine waste and leaf vacuum.

The impeller must generate sufficient negative pressure to absorb different materials, such as waste, leaves, etc. The amount of air generated must reliably transport the sucked up material to a collecting container. The impeller must be designed in such a way that it can withstand the mechanical loads from stones, branches, foliage and the like over a longer period of time. The geometry of the impeller must counteract the seizing of sucked materials. The conditional by an impeller power to generate the necessary amount of air or the necessary air pressure must be as low as possible in order to achieve a long service life with electricity or low fuel consumption. The noise emissions caused by an impeller should be as low as possible while producing a harmonious sound. And vibrations caused by the impeller etc. are to be avoided for reasons of durability of an entire system, generation of unwanted resonances and improved ergonomics.

6 shows an example of an impeller 600 for a leaf and waste vacuum. The impeller 600 has a base plate 601 , through whose center the axis of rotation of the impeller 600 runs, and four wings 602 on, at an equal angular distance around the center of the base plate 601 and standing on the base plate 601 are arranged. The height of the wings 602 above the base plate 601 first takes to the radial outer edge of the base plate 601 to, then to end constant.

The DE 20 2013 102 470 U1 describes an impeller that is in 7 is shown. The impeller 700 has a rotor disk 701 and six rotor blades standing thereon 702 on. All rotor blades 702 are equal and have a radial direction of the impeller 700 from inside to outside increasing height, each rotor blade 702 first a radially inner portion 706 in which the height of the rotor blade 702 increases toward the outside, and an adjoining second, radially outer portion 705 in which the height of the rotor blade 702 remains constant until its radially outer end. In the area of the outer section 705 shows each rotor blade 702 a wind deflector 720 on, moving in the direction of rotation of the impeller 600 extends forward.

The impellers shown above have the disadvantage that they cause relatively high noise emissions.

Another disadvantage of the impellers shown above is that they cause a relatively high energy consumption.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an impeller which is quiet and brings a relatively low energy consumption, and to provide a corresponding leaf and Abaugauger.

This object is achieved by an impeller according to claim 1 and a leaf and waste vacuum according to claim 10.

The idea underlying the present invention is to modify the shape of an impeller so that the noise emissions, the Energy consumption and reliability are improved.

The invention provides an impeller for a leaf and waste sucker, with a base plate through the center of which the axis of rotation of the impeller extends, at least one wing extending in the longitudinal direction thereof from a region of the center of the base plate to a radially outer edge of the base plate and disposed with a first longitudinal edge thereof standing on the base plate, wherein the width of the at least one wing in its transverse direction, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, in the longitudinal direction of the at least one wing from the center of the base plate to the radial Outside edge of the base plate decreases.

An advantage of the invention is that the simple construction of the impeller with an outwardly decreasing height of the wing over the base plate allows trouble-free operation of a leaf and Abaugaugers, as mechanical loads are reduced by stones, branches, foliage and the like and sticking counteracted by sucked materials.

Another advantage of the invention is that the centrally concentrated structure of the impeller reduces the power consumption caused by the impeller.

In the dependent claims are advantageous refinements and improvements of the claim 1 impeller.

According to a preferred embodiment of the impeller, the at least one wing in the longitudinal direction thereof from the center of the base plate at least a first and a subsequent second portion meet at a transition region, wherein the first portion outside the transition region has a greater width than that second section.

According to a further preferred embodiment of the impeller, the width in the first section of the at least one wing in the longitudinal direction thereof decreases from the center of the base plate, and the width is constant in the second section of the at least one wing in the longitudinal direction thereof.

An advantage of this preferred development of the invention is that a reduction of the rotating mass is made possible by the constant smaller width of the second portion, less centrifugal forces act on wing tips and thus lower vibrations are generated at the wing tips. This wing design significantly lowers the noise level generated by a tonal spinning sound, and at the same time, no debris or foliage can get caught on the smooth wing tips.

According to a further preferred development of the impeller, the width of the first portion of the at least one wing in the longitudinal direction describes a conical shape.

An advantage of this preferred embodiment of the invention is that air is sucked centered by the rising to the center of the impeller conical shape of the wing air and this air u. a. over the second portions of the wings, which have, for example, a constant smaller width, is derived. As a result, an increase in the suction pressure is achieved at low speed.

Another advantage of this preferred embodiment of the invention is that sucked leaves or debris less easily leads to blockages in the turbine area.

According to a further preferred development of the impeller, the first section is divided in the longitudinal direction of the at least one wing from the center of the base plate into at least a first and a subsequent second subsection which meet at at least one further transitional area, the first subsection being outside of further transition region has a greater width than the second subsection.

According to a further preferred development of the impeller, the first section has on a second longitudinal edge of the at least one wing, which faces away from the base plate, an extension which extends away from the second longitudinal edge and in the direction of rotation of the impeller of the at least one wing is angled.

An advantage of this preferred development of the invention is that the transport and the comminution of material sucked up are improved.

Another advantage of this preferred development of the invention is that the suction pressure is increased.

According to a further preferred development of the impeller, the impeller has at least three wings, which are arranged together on one side of the base plate and are connected in the region of the center of the base plate in such a way to form a polygonal hub.

An advantage of this preferred development of the invention is that the wings can be easily connected together and thereby a simple structure of a hub is formed, to which a rotary shaft can be connected.

According to a further preferred development of the impeller, the impeller has five wings.

An advantage of this preferred development of the invention is that the sound power level of an electric leaf and waste vacuum can be reduced by 20 dB (A) in comparison with a decanter and waste vacuum powered by an internal combustion engine.

As a result of the typical self-oscillation of a leaf and waste sucker and the behavior of vanes rotating with a vane, the best results of the noise reduction result with a number of five vanes, in particular compared to 4- and 6-vaned vanes.

Another advantage of this preferred embodiment of the invention is that in direct comparison with known 4-bladed vanes, for example, the power consumption of an electric leaf and waste vacuum can be reduced from 96 amperes to 51 amperes at 3000 rpm.

Another advantage of this preferred embodiment of the invention is that in direct comparison with a known 6-bladed impeller, for example, the power consumption of an electric leaf and Abaugaugers can be reduced at 3000 rpm from 180 amps to 51 amps.

As a result, the energy consumption of an electric leaf and waste vacuum with the impeller according to the invention is further reduced.

Another advantage of this preferred development of the invention is that the amount of air generated by the impeller is located approximately at the same level of known 4- or 6-bladed impellers.

Another advantage of this preferred embodiment of the invention is that with the impeller according to the invention a very significant reduction of the sound power level can be achieved while maintaining a high air transport performance. The "howling" in the range of 200 Hz-250 Hz, which is typical of deciduous and waste vacuum cleaners, can be significantly reduced.

According to a further preferred development of the impeller, the base plate and / or the wings have at least one recess or opening for reducing weight.

Preferred embodiments of the present invention are explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

1 a plan view of a preferred embodiment of an impeller according to the invention;

2 a side view of a preferred embodiment of an impeller according to the invention;

3 a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of an impeller according to the invention;

4 a side view of a wing of a preferred embodiment of an impeller according to the invention;

5 a leaf and waste vacuum according to the invention;

6 an example of a four-bladed impeller; and

7 a prior art impeller with six blades.

1 . 2 and 3 show a plan view, a side view and a perspective view of a preferred embodiment of an impeller according to the invention. 2 shows a side view of a wing of a preferred embodiment of an impeller according to the invention.

The impeller 100 has a circular base plate 101 and five wings 102 on.

The wings 102 are with a first longitudinal edge on a surface of the base plate 101 standing upright, with side surfaces of the wings 102 essentially a right angle with the surface of the base plate 101 form. The base plate 101 has at its center a circular opening 103 for attaching the base plate 101 on a rotary shaft, not shown, of a deciduous and waste vacuum. The wings 102 extend in a respective longitudinal direction thereof from an area around the opening 103 around in the direction of a radial outer edge 104 the base plate 101 ,

The wings 102 are by welding, gluing or screwing etc. on the surface of the base plate 101 appropriate. The wings 102 and the base plate 101 are preferably made of metal, such as a stainless steel.

The wings 102 point in the longitudinal direction of the same towards the outer edge 104 the base plate 101 a first section and a second section 105 on. The first section is in the longitudinal direction of the respective wing 102 towards the outer edge 104 the base plate 101 in three subsections 106 . 107 and 108 divided into 2 and 4 are shown by dashed lines.

The of the base plate 101 remote second longitudinal edge 109 a respective wing 102 describes from the first subsection 106 to the third subsection 108 a funny shape of the first section of the grand piano 102 , The wing 102 is formed so that the second longitudinal edge 109 in the first subsection 106 essentially parallel to the surface of the base plate 101 is, in the second subsection 107 flat to the surface of the base plate 101 is inclined and finally in the third subsection 108 strong to the surface of the base plate 101 is inclined. The first section with its subsections 106 to 108 is in the longitudinal direction of the wing 102 preferably 6 cm long.

In the second section 105 is the wing 102 formed such that the second longitudinal edge 109 of the grand piano 102 again essentially parallel to the surface of the base plate 101 runs.

To the first longitudinal edge and to the second longitudinal edge 109 a respective wing 102 subsequent outer edges 110 are substantially perpendicular to the surface of the base plate 101 ,

The wings 102 are on the outer edges 110 in the middle of the base plate 101 interconnected to a polygonal, ie here pentagonal, hub 111 to form the opening 103 the base plate 101 encloses. These are the wings 102 at an equal angular distance on the base plate 101 arranged.

The second longitudinal edge 109 a respective wing 102 is in the third subsection 108 of the first section of the respective wing 102 with a quadrangular extension 112 or a quadrangular extension provided. The extensions 112 the wing 102 are in the direction of rotation (see 1 ) of the impeller 100 from the wings 102 Angled and thus from the side surfaces of the wings 102 inclined away. The extensions are preferably at 20 ° from the wings 102 angled.

If the wings 102 are formed from a stamped or cut metal plate, the extensions are 112 preferably by crimping from the wings 102 bent.

The extensions 112 are preferably in the first third of the wings 102 educated.

In the base plate 101 and the wings 102 are preferably each five openings 113 respectively. 114 or recesses formed around the moving mass of the impeller 100 to reduce.

The openings 113 respectively. 114 are formed such that the center of mass of the impeller 100 unchanged in the middle of the opening 103 the base plate 102 is located and thus balanced with respect to the axis of rotation. The openings 113 and 114 are preferably circular holes.

4 four shows a leaf and waste vacuum 115 according to the invention, which is suitable, for example, for sucking leaves and waste.

The leaf and waste vacuum 115 has a proboscis 116 for sucking in suction material, a housing 117 in which the in 1 - 3 shown impeller 100 is housed, for generating a negative pressure by means of the impeller 100 and transporting the suction material into a discharge chute 118 , and a catch bag 119 to catch the out of the chute 118 ejected suction material.

The leaf and waste vacuum 115 preferably for moving the leaf and waste sucker 115 and for driving the impeller 100 an electric motor (not shown).

Although the present invention has been described above with reference to preferred embodiments, the same is not limited thereto, but modifiable in a variety of ways.

The wings 102 in 1 - 4 are alternative with the base plate 101 formed from one piece. The impeller 100 alternatively has a different number of wings 102 , such as three, four or six wings. Alternatively, wings are also attached to both surfaces of the base plate depending on the construction of the leaf and waste sucker 101 educated.

In contrast to the piecewise or in sections from the center of the impeller 100 away linearly sloping course of the second longitudinal edge 109 in the first section of the wings 102 as it is in 2 and 4 is shown, in alternatives of the invention is the slope of the second longitudinal edge 109 in relation to the surface of the base plate 101 changed continuously. The second longitudinal edge 109 is also alternatively in the first section of a wing 102 one, two or any other number formed as three linear or nonlinear pieces.

In the second section 105 is the wing 102 alternatively formed such that the second longitudinal edge 109 from the middle of the impeller 100 away slightly towards the base plate 101 drops.

In the 1 - 4 shown extensions 112 are alternatively triangular, round, etc. shaped. The openings 113 and or 114 alternatively have a square or other shape and / or are made by cutting, punching, etc.

The invention is advantageously applicable both in electrically operated and operated by internal combustion engines, etc. deciduous and Abaubaugern.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

100, 600, 700

impeller

101, 601

baseplate

102, 602

wing

103

opening

104

outer edge

105

second part

106

first subsection

107

second subsection

108

third subsection

109

second longitudinal edge

110

outer edges

111

hub

112

extension

113

opening

114

opening

115

Leaf and waste vacuum

116

proboscis

117

casing

118

chute

119

catch bag

701

rotor disc

702

rotor blades

705

radially outer section

706

radially inner section

720

Windleitsteg

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 202013102470 U1 [0009]

Claims (10)

Impeller ( 100 ) for a leaf and waste vacuum ( 115 ), comprising: - a base plate ( 101 ), through whose center the axis of rotation of the impeller ( 100 ) runs; - at least one wing ( 102 ) extending in the longitudinal direction thereof from an area of the center of the base plate ( 101 ) to a radial outer edge ( 104 ) of the base plate ( 101 ) and having a first longitudinal edge of the same standing on the base plate ( 101 ), characterized in that the width of the at least one wing ( 102 ) in its transverse direction, which is perpendicular to the longitudinal direction, has, in the longitudinal direction of the at least one wing ( 102 ) from the center of the base plate ( 101 ) to the radial outer edge ( 104 ) of the base plate ( 101 ) decreases. Impeller ( 100 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the at least one wing ( 102 ) in the longitudinal direction thereof from the center of the base plate ( 101 ) at least a first and a subsequent second section ( 106 . 107 . 108 ; 105 ) meeting at a transition region, the first portion having a greater width than the second portion outside the transition region. Impeller ( 100 ) according to claim 2, characterized in that the width in the first section ( 106 . 107 . 108 ) of the at least one wing ( 102 ) in the longitudinal direction thereof from the center of the base plate ( 101 ) and the width in the second section ( 105 ) of the at least one wing ( 102 ) is constant in the longitudinal direction thereof. Impeller ( 100 ) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the width of the first section ( 106 . 107 . 108 ) of the at least one wing ( 102 ) describes a conical shape in the longitudinal direction. Impeller ( 100 ) according to claim 2, 3 or 4, characterized in that the first section in the longitudinal direction of the at least one wing ( 102 ) from the center of the base plate ( 101 ) into at least a first and a subsequent second subsection ( 106 . 107 . 108 ), which meet at at least one further transition region, wherein the first subsection outside the further transition region has a greater width than the second subsection. Impeller ( 100 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first section on a second longitudinal edge ( 109 ) of the at least one wing ( 102 ), from the base plate ( 101 ), an extension ( 112 ) extending from the second longitudinal edge ( 109 ) extends away and in the direction of rotation of the impeller ( 100 ) of the at least one wing ( 102 ) is angled. Impeller ( 100 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the impeller ( 100 ) at least three wings ( 102 ), which together on one side of the base plate ( 101 ) are arranged and in the region of the center of the base plate ( 101 ) are connected to a polygonal hub ( 111 ) to build. Impeller ( 100 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the impeller ( 100 ) five wings ( 102 ) having. Impeller ( 100 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base plate ( 101 ) and / or the wings ( 102 ) at least one recess or opening ( 113 . 114 ) for weight reduction. Leaf and waste vacuum ( 115 ), characterized in that the leaf and waste sucker ( 115 ) an impeller ( 100 ) according to one of the preceding claims.

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