DE102014002164A1 - Room climate monitoring method and a room climate monitoring device - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a room climate monitoring of rooms (1) by means of a room climate monitoring device and a suitable room climate monitoring device having at least one monitoring unit (3) and at least one sensor unit (2), which is operatively connected to the at least one monitoring unit (3). In a first step, the at least one sensor unit (2) is attached to a window (4) or a door (5) or a ventilation device of the room (1). Hereinafter, sensor values by means of a multi-axis sensor in the sensor unit (2), which correlate with a position and / or a relative position and / or movement of the window (4) or the door (5) or the ventilation device, by measuring a value of at least one time-dependent Rotation and an acceleration of the multi-axis sensor and a geomagnetic field detected. In a further step, at least one room climate parameter is detected by means of a room climate sensor, which is coupled to the monitoring unit (3), and actual room climate data is created from the acquired room climate parameter. The sensor values detected by means of the multi-axis sensor are transmitted to a data processing unit and evaluated by means of the data processing unit. In this case, the current actual position and / or relative position and / or movement of the window (4) or the door (5) or the ventilation device is calculated and the actual indoor climate data compared with predetermined desired indoor climate data. If the actual indoor climate data deviates from the predetermined desired indoor climate data, a message is output to a user interface of the monitoring unit (3).

Description

The invention relates to a method for room climate control, in short "room climate monitoring" and a room climate monitoring device.

If there is insufficient heating or ventilating in rooms, especially after cooking, bathing or showering, the humidity increases. If the humidity is too high in the long term, mold can form on the walls and can be shown to worsen the air in the room, causing health risks for the room user and worsening the building fabric. If, on the other hand, it is ventilated too often or too long, more heating is required in winter, which is also not sensible from an ecological and economic point of view. Therefore, various devices and methods are known from the prior art in order to achieve an optimal venting behavior.

In the DE 10 2006 032 858 B4 An apparatus and method for controlled ventilation of a room are described. The apparatus comprises measuring units for measuring a temperature and a humidity inside and outside the room, and a unit for causing a venting operation and a control unit. However, it is not detected when a window is open. A user can thereby check its ventilation behavior insufficient.

The EP 2 217 779 B1 describes a door or window handle assembly having a signal generator, as well as sensors for measuring the relative and absolute humidity, the temperature of the room and a geomagnetic field. In particular, the magnetic field sensor is integrated into the handle, whereby the position of the window or door handle is detected and closed therefrom to a position of the door or the window.

Other devices that can be used, inter alia, for detecting window positions, are from the DE 103 23 686 A1 and from the WO 2004/109236 A1 known. The DE 103 23 686 A1 concerns a ventilation control sensor that monitors the opening and ventilation intervals of windows and doors. For this purpose, the ventilation control sensor has an electronic contact, which is mounted so that each opening or closing with opening hours and date electronically registered and stored.

The WO 2004/109236 A1 discloses a monitoring device in which the window or door handle position is also detected with a magnetic field sensor, wherein the spreader unit and the signal transmitter, a radio transmitter with a control unit, are integrated in a window or door handle.

Disadvantage of the aforementioned prior art is in particular that magnetic field sensors must be precalibrated in four positions and metal in window parts or a wall sensitive to the measurement of the earth's magnetic field. The measurements are therefore complicated to set and inaccurate, whereby the monitoring of the ventilation times is faulty.

Based on this prior art, the present invention has the object to enable the respective users of residential, office and other heated and ventilated rooms a method to create and maintain an optimal and healthy indoor climate by monitoring whether a window or ventilation device is open or closed, or when the ventilation window has been opened, for how long and what was the opening angle of the window or ventilation device.

This task is performed by a room climate monitoring, resp. a method for room climate control with the features of independent claim 1 solved.

The further object of providing a device for room climate monitoring which is easy to operate and reliably monitors the room climate is achieved by the room climate monitoring device having the features of independent claim 7.

Preferred embodiments of the room climate control and the room climate monitoring apparatus are described by the subclaims.

An embodiment of the method according to the invention provides that the climate monitoring of rooms takes place by means of a room climate monitoring device which has one or more monitoring unit (s) and one or more sensor unit (s), which is operatively connected to the one or more monitoring unit (s) or are. For the purposes of the invention, "operational" means with reference to "operation", namely operation or operation for carrying out a process or operation the sensor unit and the monitoring unit preferably communicate wirelessly with one another, and exchange data for evaluation, storage and control. The data communication and processing can take place in compliance with current data security requirements, the data being encoded and / or encrypted. This can be ruled out that so anonymized data are spied out or manipulated by third parties.

In a first step, the sensor unit is attached to a window or door or ventilation device of the room. In the case of several existing windows and doors, a sensor unit can be attached to each door or window or ventilation device.

Hereinafter, sensor values are correlated with a position and / or relative position and / or movement of the window or door or vent by means of a multi-axis sensor in the sensor unit by time-measuring a value of at least one rotation and one acceleration of the multi-axis sensor and one geomagnetic field detected.

In a further step, one or more room climate parameters are detected by means of a room climate sensor which is coupled to the monitoring unit, and from the acquired room climate parameter actual room climate data is created which represents a current room climate of the monitored room.

The sensor values detected by means of the multi-axis sensor are transmitted to a data processing unit and evaluated by means of the data processing unit. In this case, the current actual position and / or relative position and / or movement of the window or the door or the ventilation device is calculated and the actual indoor climate data compared with predetermined desired indoor climate data.

If the actual indoor climate data deviates from the predetermined desired indoor climate data, a message is output to a user interface of the monitoring unit.

The indoor climate data provide information about whether the room is too humid, too dry, too cold, too warm or well tempered. For simple comparison of the currently measured data with, for example, from general empirical values or a calibration of predetermined setpoint values, a room climate can be effectively detected and quickly monitored. In this way it can be shown how the room climate and the ventilation and heating behavior behave over different periods of time. It is detected whether a window or the door or the ventilation device is open or closed, and the user depending on whether the room climate data according to a ventilation or heating is necessary, issued the appropriate message. General experience can, for example, the Standard "DIN 1946-6: Ventilation of apartments" be removed. It contains values and calculation bases for home ventilation.

The inventive method allows by using the multi-axis sensor, a higher resolution of the measured data and thus a more accurate monitoring of indoor climate data, since three sensors for measuring the earth's magnetic field and the rotation and acceleration of the multi-axis sensor are integrated therein. The data acquisition is therefore independent of disturbing factors, such as. Metallic shares near the window. Further, a calculation method special to the control and data processing for the multi-axis sensor which can do without the probability calculation can be used. By means of a software library developed for this purpose, the multi-axis sensor can have a reduced drift compared to previously used single sensors, wherein the measured sensor data of the three integrated sensors are linked to each other via suitable algorithms, such as a proprietary Kalman filter or a heuristic calculation algorithm. Preferably, the multi-axis sensor can be connected to its own microprocessor, where it can be controlled by means of the software library designed for this purpose. As a result, the data processing unit can be assisted in the evaluation of the detected sensor values and compensate for a drift in the values. An absolute and relative determination of location and orientation of the door or the window or the ventilation device can thus be made almost drift-free.

Preferably, the invention provides that a calibration of the sensor units can take place automatically. According to the invention, the multi-axis sensor can be calibrated at predetermined time intervals by detecting and averaging uniform movement patterns of the window or the door or the ventilation device. This type of calibration can also be described as self-learning. The distortion of the earth's magnetic field by iron-containing elements in the vicinity of the sensor unit can be compensated by means of the Kalman filter. Dynamic and static influences of magnetic fields can be calculated. In a preferred embodiment, first a calibration in one Zero position performed, with only the size of the opening of the window or the door or the ventilation device must be entered. A calibration in all possible positions of the window or door or the ventilation device is eliminated. Using the Kalman filter, the absolute or relative position of the sensor unit and the actual opening of the window or door are determined. First, a prediction by means of a system model by calculation of a first control command state x (t - 1) by means of a second control command state x (t) take place. After this, a correction is made by means of a measured value z (t), the measured value first being measured in a customary manner and hereafter a measured value z '(t) being estimated from the control command state x (t). From this, a correction value K can be calculated and the state x (t) can be corrected by simple addition of K.

Another calibration step may further include the room climate sensor in the calibration, using a temporally known room climate history of a particular time interval, such as a day, a week, etc. This can be achieved by targeted, timed opening and closing of windows, doors and ventilation flaps, d. H. Ventilating such a room climate can be calibrated.

The invention may further provide that the detection of sensor values that correlate with a position, a relative position or even a movement of the window or the door or the ventilation device, at predetermined time intervals or only when changing the position, the relative position of the window or the door or the ventilation device takes place. Alternatively, only one measurement can be made by the sensor unit when a value is requested by the monitoring unit. Advantageously, this can be done a minimal data transfer, which is why less computing power and consequently less power is needed.

To capture one or more room climate parameters and create indoor climate data, two or more parameters from the group temperature, humidity, oxygen content and also noxious gas content, such. B. CO, CO2, nitrogen oxides, sulfur oxides, halogen compounds and in particular chlorine compounds within and possibly outside the room are detected or measured. Also, radioactivity can be detected - so, for example, radioactive noble gas radon can be measured and monitored. Thus, the indoor climate within the room can be estimated in relation to the climate outside of the room and the room climate data can be precisely determined or additionally predicted. Advantageously, the room climate sensor can be positioned centrally in the room to measure the room climate parameters at a central location in the room. The room climate sensor can also be set up in another location - suitable for the user - in the room.

In a development, the invention may provide that the window is preferably a tiltable window, a sliding window, a skylight or a ventilation flap. A position of the window may be referred to as tilted, partially open, fully opened or closed. The door can be a conventional door or a sliding door. A position of the door can be partially opened, fully opened or closed. Ventilation devices according to the invention are in particular ventilation flaps or wind flaps on walls, ceilings, as they are for. B. are installed in kitchens, bathrooms or other rooms with an exhaust device. The ventilation devices may have the position closed or open or partially open. Previous systems have only monitored the window position or the position of the window handle. A monitoring of the room climate due to the position or position of all possible windows and doors is improved by the inventive method compared to the prior art.

Advantageously, the sensor units can be releasably attached to a frame, a surface or an opening element, in particular a handle of the window or the door or the ventilation device. It is not necessary to provide a special attachment solution to a handle or the like. The sensor units have for easy attachment to a mounting side suitable mounting options, such as. A releasable adhesive bond, such as on an adhesive film on. The sensor unit can also be fastened quickly releasably to the respective space closing device.

To protect the sensitive electronics and sensors of the sensor unit against moisture, the sensor unit may be encapsulated with plastic. Preferably, the sensor unit has a flat shape, so that it can be mounted almost inconspicuously.

According to the invention, if the actual indoor climate data deviates from the predetermined desired indoor climate data, an optical or also an acoustic alarm can be triggered. Alternatively, actuators for room climate control can also be activated actively. Preferably, such actuators z. Eg fans, Actuators, air conditioners or control parts of a heater. Alternatively, the ventilation device itself can be controlled and thus opened or closed for ventilation.

Further, while the sensor unit is mounted, a tamper-resistant device, such as a seal or electronic fuse, can be activated, which is visibly destroyed if improperly mechanically removed or, alternatively, emits a signal to the monitoring unit. This can also be an undesirable change in state of doors, windows or ventilation devices, if, for example, the window taken, levered or the door is broken, detected and forwarded to an alarm unit for further processing. The measured sensor data can be evaluated as to whether an acceleration limit o. Ä. Is exceeded, after which an alarm can be issued.

A room climate monitoring device according to the invention for performing a room climate control has one or more sensor unit (s) that can be attached to the window or the door or the ventilation device, and one or more monitoring unit (s) for monitoring and controlling the sensor unit (s). According to the invention, the sensor unit has one or more multi-axis sensor (s) for measuring the earth's magnetic field, a rotation and a rotational movement of the multi-axis sensor and thus a change in state of the window or the door.

By using a multi-axis sensor in particular a room climate can be monitored effectively and accurately. The parallel use of multiple sensors and an effective evaluation of the measured values allows a device that is insensitive to drift and manipulation from the outside. A used multi-axis sensor preferably integrates an earth field sensor, a gyrometer and an acceleration sensor. In the multi-axis sensor, however, other sensors, such as a temperature sensor, etc. may be integrated.

The room climate monitoring device may have, in addition to the multi-axis sensor in the sensor unit or in the monitoring unit, other sensors, and it may also be provided that these sensors are integrated into the multi-axis sensor. The sensor unit may preferably be a temperature sensor for measuring an inside and / or outside temperature, a humidity sensor for measuring a humidity, an oxygen sensor for measuring the oxygen content, a pollutant sensor for measuring a pollutant gas content in the air, in particular also for measuring nitrogen-based gases and halogen compounds, and a sensor for radioactivity (eg by radon) or organic substances. Furthermore, a further acceleration sensor for measuring a movement of the window or the door or additionally a barometer for measuring an air pressure can be provided. Also, a presence detector for detecting persons or a sensor for measuring the brightness inside or outside the room may be provided. The aforementioned sensors can be present individually. Alternatively, embodiments with any combination of the sensors are possible. The device can thereby be flexibly constructed and used for comprehensive room climate monitoring.

Advantageously, for example, the room climate sensor can be integrated in the sensor unit itself or in the monitoring unit, wherein the room climate sensor can have the temperature sensor for measuring the internal temperature of the room and preferably the humidity sensor for measuring a humidity. Due to the proximity of the two sensors, an accurate measurement of the parameters that correlate with the room climate can be made at one point in the room.

The one or more sensor unit (s) or also the monitoring unit can have one or more user interfaces. This is preferably a display for displaying room climate data. In addition to a digital display or a simple signal display, the user interface can also be a touchscreen with an input facility and suitable menu navigation. This makes it possible to easily configure the device according to the invention or even to display different values. By means of the user interface, a visualization of the current indoor climate data can also be made possible. The monitoring unit can show the user centrally in the room when he should ventilate. In a further embodiment, a separate control and display unit may be possible, the wired or wireless via wireless or z. B. Bluetooth or another suitable interface.

Furthermore, the room climate monitoring device may have a central unit for monitoring and controlling the one or more monitoring unit (s), wherein the central unit may also be operatively connected to the monitoring unit wirelessly. Per monitored space, a monitoring unit may be provided, which may be connected together with the central unit. Calculations that the monitoring unit usually makes can also be made by the central unit become. Thus, all ventilation elements, such as windows or doors with the aforementioned sensor units can be provided and monitored and evaluated centrally in a monitoring unit with a room climate sensor for temperature and humidity. The monitoring unit then sends the current sensor data further z. B. to an alarm system or supplies the sensor data to the central unit in the home, a house or a floor, where they can be stored and processed further.

According to the invention, the sensor unit, the monitoring unit and the central unit can each have a communication unit for wireless communication. The wireless communication can be radio (in the frequency ranges of 433 MHz, 868 MHz, 2.4 GHz, etc.) or with proprietary or common transmission standards, such. B. ZigBee, Bluetooth, W-LAN, etc. be trained.

In order to provide a power supply to the components, both the sensor unit, the monitoring unit, and the central unit can have a supply unit, preferably a solar cell, and an energy store for storing the energy generated by the supply unit and for providing the energy for the components of the room air conditioning apparatus. According to the invention, various sources of energy for so-called "energy harvesting" can be used, such as solar cells or devices for thermal harvesting. As storage media conventional energy storage media, such as batteries can be used.

In a development of the invention, the room climate monitoring device can have an alarm device which, in the event of a deviation of the actual room climate data from the desired room climate data, ie. H. Exceeding or falling below predetermined room climate limits triggers an optical or an acoustic alarm. This can prevent the window from being left open too long or doors from being locked. The alarm device may also send a signal to a user by means of an SMS or the like, for example when he is out of the home.

The respectively calculated data can be stored according to the invention in a memory device. This is associated with the data processing unit, which in turn may be present in the monitoring unit or the central unit. The acquired or also calculated measured values can also be stored locally on the sensor unit. Alternatively, the memory device may have one or more memory areas. Thus, for data protection or as protection against tampering, a memory area can store only raw data which is protected against external access, and the data is therefore not accessible or only accessible via a separate, local interface. A second memory area can then already store (pre-) processed data that can be passed on to further data processing or can be retrieved via an easily accessible interface.

Other embodiments of the invention, as well as some of the advantages associated with these and other embodiments, will become apparent and better understood by the following description and reference to the FIGURE.

The sole figure shows a perspective view of a room with a room climate monitoring device according to the invention.

In the figure, an inventive device for room climate control in a room 1 arranged. It has four sensor units 2 on that wirelessly with a surveillance unit 3 communicate. The sensor units 2 are on windows 4 and a door 5 arranged and have various sensors for detecting different physical parameters. In the sensor unit 2 There is a multi-axis sensor which can detect a value of the earth's magnetic field, a rotation and an acceleration of the multi-axis sensor. A sensor for measuring temperature or humidity can be used in the monitoring unit 3 be integrated.

The monitoring unit 3 is roughly in the middle of the room 1 arranged so that all the sensor units used 2 are within the range of a wireless communication used, such as a W-LAN or Bluetooth or other mobile communication standards. The monitoring unit 3 is used, among other things, to control the sensor units 2 , receives and processes from the sensor units 2 detected sensor signals. LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS 1 room 2 sensor unit 3 monitoring unit 4 window 5 door

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102006032858 B4 [0003]
• EP 2217779 B1 [0004]
• DE 10323686 A1 [0005, 0005]
• WO 2004/109236 A1 [0005, 0006]

Cited non-patent literature

• Standard "DIN 1946-6: Ventilation of apartments" [0018]

Claims (10)

Room climate monitoring of rooms ( 1 ) by means of a room climate monitoring device, the at least one monitoring unit ( 3 ) and at least one sensor unit ( 2 ), which with the at least one monitoring unit ( 3 ) is operatively connected, comprising the steps - attaching the at least one sensor unit ( 2 ) at a window ( 4 ) or a door ( 5 ) or a ventilation device of the room ( 1 ), - detecting sensor values by means of a multi-axis sensor in the sensor unit ( 2 ) with a position and / or a relative position and / or movement of the window ( 4 ) or the door ( 5 ) or the ventilation device by time-dependent measurement of a value of at least one rotation and an acceleration of the multi-axis sensor and a geomagnetic field, - detecting at least one room climate parameter by means of a room climate sensor with the monitoring unit ( 3 Generating actual indoor climate data from the acquired room climate parameter, transmitting the sensor values detected by the multi-axis sensor to a data processing unit, and evaluating by the data processing unit, thereby calculating the actual position and / or relative position and / or movement of the window ( 4 ) or the door ( 5 ) or the ventilation device, - comparison of the actual indoor climate data with predetermined desired indoor climate data and deviation of the actual indoor climate data from the predetermined desired indoor climate data output of a message to a user interface of the monitoring unit ( 3 ). Room climate control according to claim 1, comprising the step of calibrating the multi-axis sensor at predetermined time intervals by detecting and averaging uniform movement patterns of the window ( 4 ) or the door ( 5 ) or the ventilation device. Room climate control according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the detection of sensor values associated with a position and / or relative position and / or movement of the window ( 4 ) or the door ( 5 ) or the ventilation device, at predetermined time intervals or only when changing the position and / or the relative position and / or movement of the window ( 4 ) or the door ( 5 ) or the ventilation device takes place. Room climate monitoring according to at least one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the step of detecting the at least one room climate parameter comprises detecting at least two parameters from the group of temperature, air humidity, oxygen content, harmful gas content inside and / or outside the room ( 1 ). Room climate monitoring according to at least one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the at least one sensor unit ( 2 ) on a frame, a surface or a handle of the window ( 4 ) or the door ( 5 ) or the ventilation device is attached. Room climate control according to at least one of claims 1 to 5, comprising the step upon deviation of the actual indoor climate data from the predetermined desired indoor climate setpoints - Triggering an optical and / or audible alarm and or - Activation of actuators for room climate control, preferably a fan, air conditioning or heating. Room climate monitoring device for carrying out the room climate monitoring according to at least one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the room climate monitoring device - at least one sensor unit ( 2 ) to the window ( 4 ) or the door ( 5 ) or the ventilation device can be fastened, and - at least one monitoring unit ( 3 ) for monitoring and controlling the at least one sensor unit ( 2 ), wherein the sensor unit ( 2 ) has at least one multi-axis sensor for measuring a rotation and a rotational movement of the multi-axis sensor and the earth's magnetic field. Apparatus according to claim 7, characterized in that the room climate monitoring device at least - a temperature sensor for measuring an indoor and / or outdoor temperature and / or - a humidity sensor for measuring a humidity and / or - an oxygen sensor for measuring the oxygen content and / or - a noxious gas sensor for measuring a noxious gas content in the air, and / or - another accelerometer to measure a movement of the window ( 4 ) or the door ( 5 ) or the ventilation device and / or - a barometer for measuring an air pressure. Apparatus according to claim 7 or 8, characterized in that the room climate monitoring device, a central unit for monitoring and controlling the at least one monitoring unit ( 3 ), wherein the central unit with the at least one monitoring unit ( 3 ) is operatively connected. Device according to at least one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that the sensor unit ( 2 ) and / or the monitoring unit ( 3 ) and / or the central unit has a supply unit, preferably a solar cell, and an energy store for storing the energy generated by the supply unit and for providing the energy for the components of the room air conditioning apparatus.

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