DE102013223677A1 - Wälzkörperkranz with sandwich sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a Wälzkörperkranz in an outer ring (18, 28, 38), in particular sleeve, rolling rolling elements (12, 22, 32) wherein the outer ring (18, 28, 38) is formed by sheet metal forming. To achieve an effective current insulation with low production costs and costs, but at the same time improving the function, it is proposed to construct the outer ring (18, 28, 38) as a composite, in particular as a material composite, comprising at least one outer part (15, 25, 35), an inner part (16, 26, 36) and an insulating layer (17, 27, 37) is formed. The insulating layer (17, 27, 37), the outer part (15, 25, 35) and the inner part (16, 26, 36) are electrically insulated from each other, but together with said parts (15, 16, 25, 26, 35 , 36) processed as a composite, in particular deep-drawn. Rolling bearing rings made of such a composite material lead to extremely economical to produce rolling bearing sleeves, in particular needle sleeves, which are used in transmissions as a guide bearing.

Description

Field of the invention

The invention relates to a Wälzkörperkranz with rolling in an outer ring rolling elements, wherein the outer ring is formed by sheet metal forming. Furthermore, the invention relates to a rolling bearing with such Wälzkörperkranz.

Background of the invention

Such Wälzkörperkränze, in particular Nadelkränze or Nadelrollenkränze, are used in transmission applications, such as in the auto industry. Wälzkörperkränze are typically intended to roll with their rolling elements directly on a shaft or integrated into a rolling bearing with inner ring. Thus, rolling element rings are a product per se, but can also be integrated into other products as such. For example, Wälzkörperkränze be used in bearings for low radial loads, which can be used as a guide bearing or pilot camp.

With the increasing trend toward miniaturization, electronic components and mechanical components are moving ever closer together, with the result, for example, in the automotive industry, of recurring electricity passages at the points of storage, or unwanted current leaks as well. A passage of current does not always have to be a disadvantage for the rolling bearing, but can lead to impairment or damage to other components of the technical environment.

Especially with regard to the electric drive for automobiles or the technical field of mechatronics, this topic has proven to be an increasingly central problem. Previous solutions to prevent a flow of current at the rolling bearing are mainly based on coating techniques that are applied to the outer ring of the respective bearing. By applying one or more layers of a suitable material, the desired electrical insulation is achieved. Furthermore, layers may be applied in addition to protecting the insulation layer.

Out DE 10 2009 014 753 A1 For example, there is known a method of manufacturing a bearing for an antifriction bearing having an electrical insulation. For this purpose, it is proposed to provide a multi-layer, the outer ring surrounding insulation layer, which is formed from a surrounding substrate of resin. In DE 10 2010 015 155 A1 an electrically insulating layer is also proposed on the outer circumference of an outer ring, wherein the said layer comprises a polyamide and has a thickness of from about 20 μm to about 200 μm.

In DE 41 00 587 C2 In addition to the coating of the outer ring of the rolling bearing, the coating also extends to additional parts which are fastened to the outer ring.

Out WO 20131120667 A1 is an insulation layer for bearings out, which is formed in the raceway area or on the rolling elements. Multiple coatings are used which, in addition to the insulating layer, also have layers which have a metallic character or have metals. Thus, it is possible in the field of careers to provide multiple layers that are structurally supported on the outer ring, but in principle are optimized for the transmission of Wälzlagerlast.

Object of the invention

The invention has for its object to provide a cost-effective, easy to manufacture electrically insulating rolling bearing, the other functional properties, in particular the load bearing, are not affected or even improved.

Description of the invention

This object is achieved according to the invention in a Wälzkörperkranz of the type mentioned in that the outer ring has an outer part and a Wälzkörperlaufbahn exhibiting inner part, wherein both parts are electrically insulated from each other by an insulating layer and the outer part, the inner part and the insulating layer together a composite, in particular form a composite material.

The outer part and the inner part are intended to give the outer ring a structural stability. If appropriate, this can also be done by the insulating layer, but the main task of the insulating layer is to prevent an electrical current flow from being able to pass from the outer part to the inner part or vice versa. The insulation layer prevents physical contact between the outer part and the inner part through the separation of the two parts over a large area.

It is advantageous that the outer ring can be processed as a composite of the at least three layers, namely the outer part, the inner part and the insulating layer, in particular without cutting. However, this processing only relates to the shape of the outer ring or inner ring, which according to the application by cold forming, such as pressing, punching and the like can be adjusted. Advantageously, the connection of the insulation layer to the outer part and the inner part, which may be both direct and indirect, already fixed before forming. Any hardening and / or heat treatments, such as tempering and the like, are to be carried out on the outer part and on the inner part, if they are necessary at all, before the production of the composite. In this way, it is possible to ensure a large variety of materials for the insulating layer, especially since some of these insulating materials, such as plastic, would be damaged in a heat treatment.

The insulating layer may consist partly or wholly, for example of an artificial or natural resin, wherein the resin with various additives to improve its hardness and / or insulating ability may optionally still be enriched. In addition, the insulating layer may consist partly or wholly of a polyamide, in particular PA46 or PA66, it being possible to admix other plastics to the polyamide, for example polyetheretherketone (PEEK) or palyphenylene sulphide (PPS). Also suitable for admixing are ceramic additives or glass fibers.

Under the sheet metal forming according to the invention, in particular deep drawing according to the German industrial standard 8584 can be understood. But it is crucial that the transformation takes place in the cold state, or at not significantly elevated in terms of metals room temperature.

Advantageously, the Wälzkörperkranz is designed as Wälzkörperhülse, wherein the outer ring forms the said sleeve. This embodiment is particularly advantageous as a needle sleeve and easy to use, especially in gear applications. In this case, the rolling elements, in particular needles, in the outer ring in the delivery state, either by a roller bearing cage, or needle cage held. Optionally, the greasing can be used to hold the rolling elements without a cage.

Between the insulating layer and the outer part or the inner part, further layers may be provided which, for example, have a binding function or are likewise provided for insulation. Said layers or even the insulating layer itself may further contain additives or additional particles, which are also provided to achieve certain properties, such as the improvement of the insulating ability.

The outer part is intended to provide a connection to a component which forms part of a bearing receptacle. In the simplest case, it may be a press fit with frictional engagement, which is accomplished for example by a negative clearance of the outer part in the bearing seat.

The inner part is intended to provide optimal rolling conditions for the rolling elements, in particular, the rolling body track, their hardness and dimensions.

In an advantageous embodiment, the outer part and / or the inner part contribute mainly or exclusively to the structural stability of the outer ring. This can be done on the one hand by the choice of the material of the two parts which are formed for example of steel or sheet metal, in particular sheet steel. On the other hand, it is possible to produce a special stability of the outer ring by a corresponding shaping by the inventive sheet metal deformation of the composite. For example, this can be achieved by partial areas or sections of the outer ring or inner ring designed as a composite material having disc-shaped and cylindrical shapes.

Advantageously, the Wälzkörperkranz is provided for a compact pressing of more than 1500 MPa at a Wälzkörperdurchmesser of 5 to 12 mm. Since different Wälzkörpertypen can be used is understood by the rolling element diameter of the mean diameter or Mittenwälzkörperdurchmesser. In a tapered roller, for example, the axial center of the tapered roller is considered for the rolling element diameter and used for characterization by the local rolling element diameter. Starting from the stated interval of 5 to 12 mm, load conditions arise which determine the nature of an inner ring and an outer ring of the largest part. However, the outer ring, which is designed according to the invention as a composite, in rolling elements in the rolling element diameter interval in its radial thickness is less than or equal to 4 mm, wherein the outer part, the inner part and the insulating layer each have a radial thickness equal to or less than 1.5 mm radial Have thickness. In this way, despite the advantageous manufacturing costs and manufacturing advantages with very good compactness nevertheless radial loads are possible, as they are typical for guide bearings.

In an advantageous embodiment, the insulating layer is vulcanized on the inner part, the outer part and / or on an intermediate layer to the respective part, coated or glued. The manufacturing process is simplified by offering a wide variety of materials for planar attachment of the insulation layer between the outer part and the inner part is provided. The listed as a composite outer ring is thus a composite material, especially since the different materials of the components used are firmly connected to each other surface. Care must be taken only that the respective compound in the sheet metal forming does not suffer adversely, which could possibly have a negative impact on the structural stability of the outer ring or the current-insulating function.

In an advantageous embodiment, the outer ring on a bent or crimped, first end piece, wherein the first end piece partially or completely forms an axial guide of the rolling elements or a Wälzkörperkäfigs. In this way it is possible by the sheet metal forming the outer ring to transfer other functions. For example, two first end pieces can be used to limit the Wälzkörperkranz, optionally with its Wälzkörperkäfig axially on both sides such that an axial leakage or falling out neither during transport nor during rolling bearing operation is possible.

For the Wälzkörperkäfig conventional manufacturing methods can be used, which optionally include punching, bending and / or welding operations. Alternatively, the Wälzkörperkäfig is made of a plastic, in particular one of the plastics from which the insulating layer entirely or partially.

In an advantageous embodiment, the outer ring on a bent or crimped, second end piece, wherein the second end piece is provided as a stop or as an axial fixation. The second end piece allows or improves the installation of the Wälzkörperkranzes by its function as a stop. Thus, the position of the Wälzkörperkranzes in relation to the rolling bearing receptacle can be precisely defined and easily implemented manufacturing technology. The first and second end pieces can be used to further improve the structural stability of the outer ring by connecting cylindrical, conical and / or radial sections to the second end piece.

In an advantageous embodiment, a portion of the outer ring is formed substantially conical or cylindrical. This is particularly advantageous when the section is the area of the outer ring which is arranged in the vicinity of the rolling body raceway or the rolling body raceways and also determines the shape of the rolling elements by its own shape. For example, a tapered section necessarily sets the rolling element shape to tapered rollers, just as a cylindrical shape implies needles or cylindrical rolling elements. Advantageously, the portion of the outer ring, but in particular the portion of the inner part, forms a Wälzkörperlaufbahn for the rolling elements.

In an advantageous embodiment, the rolling body track has a hardness of at least 400 HV and a maximum of 570 HV. Advantageously, the hardening of the rolling body raceway, in particular of the inner part, does not depend on the insulating layer or its material, especially since the hardening is carried out before the formation of the outer ring designed as a composite.

Inventive rolling bearing with a Wälzkörperkranz in the manner described above, for example, from roller bearing sleeves, in particular needle sleeves, are formed, wherein the respective sleeve has the composite designed as an outer ring or is identical to this. Said sleeves do not necessarily require an inner ring with a rolling body raceway, or the rolling elements of the rolling body sleeve can roll on waves on which the respective sleeve is mounted.

Further advantageous embodiments and preferred developments of the invention can be taken from the description of the figures and / or the dependent claims.

Brief description of the drawings

In the following the invention will be described and explained in more detail with reference to the embodiments illustrated in the drawings. Showing:

1 a needle sleeve for supporting a gear housing on a shaft;

2 a roller sleeve on an axial stop of the bearing receiver;

3 a tapered roller bearing with an outer ring designed as a composite.

Detailed description of the drawings

1 shows a longitudinal section of a needle sleeve 18 , which applies their typical application, for example in transmissions of the automotive industry. The needle sleeve 18 is in the warehouse 10 pressed, which is either part of a transmission housing or indirectly connected to the same. The needles 12 roll on the gear shaft 11 as well as on the inside part 16 from. Correspondingly, the shaft point 11 as well as the inner part 16 hardened needle tracks, which are adapted to the load between the rotating wave 11 and the fixed bearing support 10 transferred to.

The composite outer ring 18 provides a composite material between the outer part 15 , the insulation layer 17 and the inner part 16 dar. Here were the outer part 15 and the inner part 16 designed as steel sheets, each having a radial thickness of 1.5 mm. Overall, the outer ring 18 four millimeters thick, bringing the insulation layer 17 a 1 mm layer thickness is eliminated. This corresponds to a comparatively large dimensioning. The advantages of the invention, however, come to bear better with a radial thickness of the outer ring 18 of 1 millimeter with a needle roller diameter of about 2 to 3 millimeters.

The insulation layer 17 is designed as a plastic intermediate layer and isolates the parts 15 . 16 electrically from each other, but also holds them together. The outer part 15 and the inner part 16 are made in hardened and tempered quality with higher hardness. In this way it is possible the career requirements of the needles 12 to ensure the needle ring. After the production of the formed as a composite outer ring 18 is a subsequent heat treatment due to the insulation layer, or their temperature sensitivity, no longer possible.

The insulation layer 17 was on the parts 15 . 16 vulcanized and is in the composite, together with the outer part 15 and the inner part 16 bendable. That's how the tails got 14 bent in a radial orientation to axially on both sides of a boundary for the Wälzkörperkäfig 13 to accomplish. But also the shaping of the outer ring 18 in the substantially cylindrical shape, takes place already in the composite material. Here, both tensile and compressive forces on the outer ring 18 attack and bring this in the desired manner in the form. It is advantageous that the composite material can be brought into almost any shape.

It is also advantageous that usual manufacturing processes of deep-drawing an outer ring can take place in the same manner as has hitherto been carried out with steel sheets of known type. It is also advantageous that the curing and tempering process in the production of the outer ring, the bearing race or the associated rolling bearing completely eliminated.

The rotation axis R1 indicates that the needle sleeve is the 1 is a radial bearing, or a radial needle sleeve.

2 shows a cylindrical roller bearing in a receptacle 20 with axial stop. The outer ring 28 is formed axially end ring-like. The first two end pieces 24 form the said rings and have the function of the rolling element cage 23 respectively. In addition, as shown, the first end piece 24 also to the axial stop and thus to the positioning of the outer ring 28 within the recording 20 be used. The cylindrical rollers 22 roll load-bearing on the inside of the inner part 26 and can roll on an unillustrated shaft in a similar manner.

outer ring 28 was as a composite material from the outer part 25 , the inner part 26 and the two parts 25 . 26 mutually electrically insulating insulation layer 27 educated. outer ring 28 has a cylindrical center piece which axially ends in two annular, first end pieces 24 passes.

3 shows an outer ring made of sandwich sheet metal 38 , The outer ring 38 consists of an outer part 35 for connection to the bearing receiver 30 , an insulating plastic interlayer 37 and an inner part 36 ,

The outer ring 38 was reshaped as a composite so as to be both a cylindrical section 40 , a conical section 39 and a radial section 34 has, which merge into each other at the respective bending points. The radial section 34 is formed as a second end piece, wherein the second end piece 34 as axial stop on the fixed bearing support 30 should strike axially. This is advantageous for installation of the rolling bearing in the fixed bearing mount 30 especially the outer ring 38 the threading of the rolling bearing in the partly cylindrical, partly conical bearing support supported. The second tail 34 Thus indicates by the axial stop, to which point the rolling bearing must be inserted.

The rolling bearing is a tapered roller bearing with a cage 33 and tapered rollers 32 as a rolling element. The tapered roller diameter is between 5 and 12 mm in connection with a maximum contact pressure of 1500 MPa. The sheet thickness of the outer ring 38 is 4 mm, with the inner part 36 has a thickness of 1.5 mm. Despite the small dimensions of the outer ring 38 comparatively large sized tapered rollers can be used in storage. This allows the use of a sandwich for a wide variety of rolling bearing types, which can be equipped with a bearing ring made of an insulating composite, the composite treated as a raw material or intermediate can be treated just like steel sheets, already in a similar manner and be transformed for rolling bearing applications.

In summary, the invention relates to a Wälzkörperkranz with in an outer ring 18 . 28 . 38 , in particular sleeve, rollable rolling elements 12 . 22 . 32 the outer ring 18 . 28 . 38 is formed by sheet metal forming. To achieve an effective current insulation with low production costs and costs, but at the same time functional improvement, the outer ring is proposed 18 . 28 . 38 as a composite, in particular as a composite material, execute, at least from an outer part 15 . 25 . 35 , an interior part 16 . 26 . 36 and an insulation layer 17 . 27 . 37 is formed. The insulation layer 17 . 27 . 37 the outer part 15 . 25 . 35 and the inner part 16 . 26 . 36 electrically isolated from each other, but together with said parts 15 . 16 . 25 . 26 . 35 . 36 has been processed as a composite, in particular deep-drawn, has been. Rolling bearing rings made of such a composite material lead to extremely economical to produce rolling bearing sleeves, in particular needle sleeves, which are used in transmissions as a guide bearing.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

R1

Rotation axis of Wälzkörperkranzes

R2

Rotation axis of the rolling element

10

bearing seat

11

gear shaft

12

needle roller

13

Rolling Element

14

First tail

15

outer part

16

inner part

17

insulation layer

18

outer ring

20

bearing seat

22

cylindrical roller

23

Rolling Element

24

First tail

25

outer part

26

inner part

27

insulation layer

28

outer ring

30

bearing seat

31

inner ring

32

Tapered roller

33

Rolling Element

34

Second tail

35

outer part

36

inner part

37

insulation layer

38

outer ring

39

conical section

40

cylindrical end piece

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102009014753 A1 [0005]
• DE 102010015155 A1 [0005]
• DE 4100587 C2 [0006]
• WO 20131120667 A1 [0007]

Claims (10)

Rolling bearing ring with in an outer ring ( 18 . 28 . 38 ) Rolling Rollers ( 12 . 22 . 32 ), wherein the outer ring ( 18 . 28 . 38 ) is formed by sheet metal forming, characterized in that the outer ring ( 18 . 28 . 38 ) an outer part ( 15 . 25 . 35 ) and a rolling element having an inner part ( 16 . 26 . 36 ), both parts ( 15 . 25 . 35 . 16 . 26 . 36 ) through an insulating layer ( 17 . 27 . 37 ) are electrically isolated from each other and the outer part ( 15 . 25 . 35 ), the inner part ( 16 . 26 . 36 ) and the insulation layer ( 17 . 27 . 37 ) together form a composite, in particular composite material. Rolling contact ring according to claim 1, wherein the outer part ( 15 . 25 . 35 ) and / or the inner part ( 16 . 26 . 36 ) mainly or exclusively for the structural stability of the outer ring ( 18 . 28 . 38 contribute / contribute. Rolling bearing ring according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the rolling bearing ring is provided for a compact pressing of more than 1500 MPa with a rolling element diameter of 5 mm to 12 mm. Wälzkörperkranz according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insulating layer ( 17 . 27 . 37 ) on the inner part ( 16 . 26 . 36 ), on the outer part ( 15 . 25 . 35 ) and / or on an intermediate layer to the respective part ( 15 . 25 . 35 . 16 . 26 . 36 ) is vulcanized, coated or glued. Rolling contact ring according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the outer ring ( 18 . 28 . 38 ) a bent or crimped, first end piece ( 14 . 24 ), wherein the first end piece ( 14 . 24 ) partially or completely an axial guidance of the rolling bodies ( 12 . 22 . 32 ) or a Wälzkärperkäfigs ( 13 . 23 . 33 ) trains. Rolling contact ring according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the outer ring ( 38 ) a bent or crimped, second end piece ( 34 ), wherein the second end piece ( 34 ) is provided as a stop or as an axial fixation. Rolling contact ring according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a section ( 39 . 40 ) of the outer ring ( 38 ) is substantially conical or cylindrical in shape. Rolling contact ring according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the section ( 39 ) or the inner part ( 16 . 26 . 36 ) a rolling body raceway for the rolling elements ( 12 . 22 . 32 ) trains. Rolling bearing ring according to claim 8, wherein the rolling body track has a hardness of at least 400 HV and a maximum of 570 HV. Rolling, in particular tapered roller bearings or needle roller bearings, with a Wälzkörperkranz according to any one of the preceding claims.

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