DE102013221841A1 - release system - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a release system for actuating a clutch, in particular for a between a motor and a transmission to be provided friction clutch, with an actuating bearing for actuating the clutch actuating means, such as a plate spring / plate spring tongues of a clutch pressure plate, wherein the actuating bearing a bearing outer ring, a bearing inner ring and arranged therebetween Rolling element and a housing, characterized in that the plate spring tongues are supported on both sides via the actuating bearing and the coupling is actuated by means of the actuating bearing in a first operating force direction and is automatically actuated in a direction opposite to the first actuating force direction second operating force direction.

Description

The invention relates to a release system for actuating a clutch, in particular for a friction clutch to be provided between an engine and a transmission, with an actuating bearing for actuating the clutch actuating means, such as diaphragm spring tongues. On conventional clutch pressure plates, the pressing force is applied for torque transmission by a spring system (e.g., a plate spring and thereby its plate spring tongues). Normally, the entire contact force for maximum torque transfer is caused only by this spring. The actuating force for opening the clutch is applied in a corresponding direction to the plate spring tongues, wherein the clutch pressure plates are acted upon with only one actuating direction.

Also known is a variant in which the contact pressure is enhanced by a lever action (for example cup spring tongues). By active actuation of the plate spring tongues against the other disengagement, in this case the contact pressure is increased. Furthermore, so that the spring force is reduced and consequently reduces the maximum release force. The maximum amount of force for actuating the clutch decreases. It thus reduces the component load (especially on the release bearing). This is beneficial for the dimensioning of the components.

• – bei geringere Betätigungskräften, das gleiche maximal übertragbare Moment bereitzustellen, wodurch die Bauteile mit einer geringen Belastung beaufschlagt werden;
• – bei gleichen Betätigungskraftbeträgen, ein höheres maximal übertragbares Moment unter Verwendung der vorhandenen Bauteile zu erzielen oder
• – bei gleicher Betätigungskraft das gleiche maximal übertragbare Moment zu haben, aber dabei mit einer höheren Anpresskraft einen kleineren Reibdurchmesser zu nutzen, wodurch der Einsatz einer kleinerer Kupplungsdruckplatte (Durchmesser, Bauraum, Massenträgheit) möglich ist.

Furthermore, various variants of actuation systems with pulling, pushing or changing directions of force are known. A variant is in the publication DE 103 29 972 A1 (in the 3 and 4 and their description). Among other things, solutions for mounting the actuation systems are shown. The changing direction of actuation has the goal

• - At lower operating forces to provide the same maximum transmittable torque, whereby the components are subjected to a low load;
• - At the same Betätigungskraftbeträgen to achieve a higher maximum transmissible torque using the existing components or
• - To have the same maximum transmittable torque at the same operating force, but to use a smaller friction diameter with a higher contact pressure, whereby the use of a smaller clutch pressure plate (diameter, space, inertia) is possible.

In order to transmit the actuating force with changing direction from the actuating system to the clutch pressure plate (for example the plate spring / lever spring), a corresponding connection of the actuating bearing is required.

In the known clutch actuation systems, a change of the operating force direction takes place. Games or changing elasticities on the release bearing and the contact points can be adversely effective. This must be e.g. be taken into account in the path-torque characteristic by the controller.

In order to generate the actuating force with changing direction, a two-sided effective operating system is required.

The particular disadvantage, however, is that there is no preload when the direction of force is changed in the push-pull mode with changing direction of force. It is thus the guarantee of the function (life) e.g. the actuating bearing not secured.

Another disadvantage is that the changing direction of force requires a corresponding design of the entire operating system. Should e.g. a lever system are used, it is necessary to make the contact / joints according to the two-sided load. If a backlash (no jump in the path / torque curve) is to be achieved, it may be necessary to use bearings and joints with preload. This requires a higher friction, increased hysteresis and wear. Furthermore, under certain circumstances, an increased installation effort is expected. A further disadvantage is that a coupling system with two oppositely oriented force directions does not react with an unmodified, i. conventional manual operation (e.g., a foot-operated pedal).

The object of the invention is to develop a release system for actuating a clutch, wherein the actuating bearing acting on the plate spring tongues of the clutch allows a force direction change and thus an axial force can be transmitted in both directions (in push-pull operation) and which operates friction and ensures a low installation cost. Furthermore, it should be possible, with the actuation system (release system), it should be possible to use a clutch pressure plate under certain circumstances, even for vehicles with low degree of automation.

This object is achieved with the characterizing features of the first claim. Advantageous embodiments emerge from the subclaims.

The disengagement system for actuating a clutch is used in particular for a friction clutch to be provided between an engine and a transmission and has an actuating bearing for actuating the clutch Clutch actuating means, such as a plate spring / diaphragm spring tongues of a clutch pressure plate, wherein the actuating bearing has a bearing outer ring, a bearing inner ring and rolling elements arranged therebetween and a housing and wherein the disc spring tongues are supported on both sides via the actuating bearing and the clutch by means of the actuating bearing in a first operating force direction can be actuated and in a direction opposite to the first actuating force direction second actuating force direction is automatically actuated.

In this case, the clutch can be actuated manually or automatically, in particular by first means acting on the actuating bearing in the first operating force direction.

The opening and closing of the clutch can thus be limited to conventional, e.g. Manual manner done (or automatically), whereas an active Anpresskrafterhöhung with the second direction of force can be realized by a simple automated operation.

It is for example possible that second actuating force direction by means of an automatically operated actuator / second means acts directly or via a transmission element on the housing of the actuating bearing and is automatically switched on when needed.

Due to the changing force directions, which are each realized by separate first and second means / actuation systems, the contact / joint bearings can be designed only according to a one-sided load. This eliminates the need for preloaded bearings which reduces friction, increased hysteresis and wear compared to conventional solutions. In principle, an existing clutch system (clutch pressure plate and actuation with, for example, only a pulling or pushing operating force direction) can be significantly improved by the addition of a second actuation system in its performance characteristics, the respective means / actuation systems as a mechanical actuator and / or as a pressure medium transmission (cylinder) become. Advantageously, this addition of a second actuation system is associated with relatively little effort, e.g. Existing parts (bearing housing and guide tube) can be used for this with several integrated functions.

Advantageously, the second operating force direction acts directly on the housing of the actuating bearing and the second means are arranged separately from the first means.

The first means may be formed mechanically, for example in the form of a lever associated with the housing, which is pivotally mounted in a frame-fixed pivot point and which is manually operable in the first operating force direction. The second means are carried out, for example, as a mechanical actuator, fluid-operated actuator, electric actuator or a combination of the aforementioned actuators. Preferably, the second means are formed in the manner of a Zentralausrückers, which is actuated by means of a fluid. However, it is also possible that the second means via a transmission element, which is formed for example in the form of the lever act on the actuating bearing.

The first means for realizing the first operating force direction and the second means for realizing the second operating force direction can be actuated via a respective separate or via a common actuator.

The housing of the actuating bearing is mounted axially displaceably on a guide tube and by means of a piston which is axially slidably received in a cylinder actuated by pressurization with a fluid, so that the housing with the outer ring and the inner ring in the direction of the radially inwardly facing Ends of the plate spring tongues is movable and this actuated in the second direction. There are different variants of the arrangement and design of the piston / cylinder system possible.

In a variant, a piston may be formed on the housing, which is mounted in a cylinder of the guide tube relative to this axially displaceable. According to a further variant, a cylinder may be formed in the housing, in which a piston is received axially displaceable relative to this which is supported on the guide tube. It is also possible that the guide tube has the cylinder in which the piston is mounted, which acts against the housing of the actuating bearing.

The actuating bearing is provided with a first pressure ring which acts on a first side of the plate spring tongues when the actuating bearing is mechanically acted upon in the first operating force direction. the first operating force direction points away from the clutch. Furthermore, the actuating bearing in the direction of the second side of the plate spring tongues on a second pressure ring which acts on a second side of the plate spring tongues, when the actuating bearing is acted upon in the opposite direction to the first actuating direction second actuating force direction. The first pressure ring and the second pressure ring are preferably arranged on the bearing inner ring, so that in particular the radially inwardly facing plate spring tongues are clamped between the first and second pressure ring.

With the solution according to the invention a Anpresskrafterhöhung in a clutch can be realized, for which the coupling a double-sided operation possibility (push-pull coupling) is provided and next to the manual actuator (eg clutch pedal), a second, automatically operated actuator is present, which counteracts the manual actuator and automatically switched on when needed.

The mechanical system for opening or closing the clutch largely corresponds to a conventional, ie. manual actuation system.

The energy for the second actuating direction can preferably be taken from the available sources. Under certain circumstances, a compressed air or oil pressure supply is available. Likewise, e.g. an electromechanical drive can be used. Alternatively, pressure / vacuum sources can also be used on the engine or exhaust system, e.g. Negative pressure as for a brake booster.

The control of the automatic Anpresskrafterhöhung can be realized, for example, in a relatively simple manner in that only two extreme positions are used, either no second actuating force or a maximum second actuating force. These two operating positions are to be selected according to the situation. A maximum second actuating force is only required if a larger engine torque is present and should be transmitted. This means that e.g. in response to a motor control signal or a signal of the load pedal position, the second clutch operation is to take place.

Alternatively, a permanent second actuation can take place as soon as no first actuation force (for manual clutch opening) is effective. This means that as soon as no force is applied to open in the first actuating direction, a maximum contact force is built up by the second operating force direction.

If necessary, it must be possible to safely open the coupling by manual operation at any time. For this purpose, it must be ensured that a timely control for opening the second actuating direction takes place. As a trigger different signals can be used. The manual operation can e.g. via a push-button switch or via a pressure switch (for example in the case of hydrostatic actuation). Furthermore, however, other signals of the vehicle can be used. Thus, e.g. be signaled by the brake system (brake operation) that no longer the maximum clutch torque must be transmitted. The second actuating force can be canceled, because under certain circumstances, a manual clutch opening is imminent.

Before pressing in the second, new direction of force while the clutch pressure plate is already closed, it transmits a moment, for example. by the contact pressure of the diaphragm spring. By the pressure force of the second direction of actuation on the diaphragm spring tongues, the contact pressure is increased (leverage). The actuating travel is small compared to the first, normal Ausrückweg (in this case a lift must be realized). This means that the second actuating system (the second means) only has to perform a short working stroke, which can be realized by the elasticities (for example the pressure rings) and not determined by a Abhubweg. It should be noted, however, that with the normal release travel (first actuation direction), the second actuation system must realize this path. Overall, so extends the total stroke of the actuator bearing. In order not to extend the total stroke, it is possible to shorten the Ausrückweg the first direction of actuation. To realize this, the translation of the operating lever can be adjusted.

With the solution according to the invention, it is possible to increase the force in a manually or automatically actuated clutch by providing the clutch with a pushbutton coupling on both sides and in addition to the manual (or automatic) first actuating device (eg clutch pedal, hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder). ...) a second automatically operated second actuating device is provided for the first time, which counteracts the first actuating device and, if necessary, can be switched on automatically (eg by means of a signal from the engine control).

The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to exemplary embodiments and associated drawings. Show it:

1 an actuation bearing 1 with a first and a second pressure ring, for the two-sided operation of the plate spring tongues of the clutch pressure plate with an indicated first and second operating force direction,

2 a longitudinal section with an automatic actuation by a piston / cylinder system by means of a fluid, wherein the cylinder in the guide sleeve and the piston is formed on the housing of the actuating bearing.

3 a longitudinal section with an automatic actuation by a piston / cylinder system by means of a fluid, wherein the cylinder is formed in the housing of the actuating bearing and the piston is supported on the guide sleeve,

4 a longitudinal section with an automatic actuation by a piston / cylinder system by means of a fluid, wherein the cylinder and the piston are integrated into the guide sleeve,

5 a longitudinal section with an actuation in a second operating force direction B2 via the lever 10 .

6 the force-displacement curve when the release system is actuated.

The release system for actuating a clutch, according to 1 to 5 an actuation bearing 1 with a bearing outer ring 2 and a bearing inner ring 3 on, between bearing outer ring 2 and bearing inner ring 3 rolling elements 4 are arranged. The bearing outer ring 2 supports the frame on a housing 5 from. The actuation bearing 1 serves to actuate the diaphragm spring tongues 6 a coupling, not shown. The bearing inner ring 3 has a first pressure ring 7 on, on a first page 6.1 the plate spring tongues 6 is applied.

On the second page 6.2 the plate spring tongues 6 is a second pressure ring 8th arranged, which also on the bearing inner ring 3 sitting. Between the first pressure ring 7 and the second pressure ring 8th are the radially inwardly directed ends of the diaphragm spring tongues 6 clamped. The actuation bearing 1 is with his case 5 on a guide sleeve 9 slidably mounted along the longitudinal axis A. The guide sleeve 9 is over a flange 9.1 arranged frame-fixed. On the case 5 is a lever pivotable about a fixed axis A10 10 with a first end 10.1 attached. The lever 10 is at its second end 10.2 mechanically operable, for example, upon actuation of a clutch pedal, not shown, operable in a normal first actuation direction B1.10. By pivoting the lever 10 about the axis A10 is the actuating bearing 1 opposite to the initiated actuating direction B1.10 along the longitudinal axis A in a first actuating direction B1 moves, whereby the first pressure ring 7 against the first page 6.1 the plate spring tongues 6 is moved.

In addition to this conventional pulling operation, in which only a first pressure ring 7 exerts a force on the plate / lever spring in one direction, second separate means are used, also in the reverse direction, an actuation of the clutch pressure plate 11 / or the plate spring tongues 6 is possible. The second means are in the form of a second actuator, which in 1 not shown and the automatic actuation of the housing 5 and thus the second pressure ring 8th in a direction opposite to the first operating force direction B1 second operating force B2 allows. Upon actuation of the actuation bearing 1 in the second actuating direction of the second pressure ring acts 8th against the second page 6.2 the plate spring tongues.

The 2 to 4 show variants in which the second means for actuating the actuating bearing 1 formed in the second actuating direction B2 by an actuator in the form of a piston / cylinder system, which are actuated by means of a fluid.

2 shows an embodiment of the release system with a mechanically operated lever 10 for a manually initiated operating direction B1.10, through which the actuating bearing 1 and thus the plate spring tongues 6 over the first pressure ring 7 in a normal first operating force direction B1 according to 1 is operable. The counteracted force attack in a second operating force direction B2 directly to the housing 5 of the actuating bearing 1 , via a piston 13 the on the housing 5 of the actuating bearing 1 is formed and over a cylinder 12 in which the piston 13 is mounted axially movable, wherein the cylinder 12 in the guide sleeve 9 in the flange area 9.1 is integrated. Will the pressure room 12.1 of the cylinder 12 supplied with a fluid F, the piston moves 13 and thus the actuating bearing 1 in the illustration to the left, causing the second pressure ring 8th the plate spring tongues 6.1 operated in the second operating force direction B2. Before pressing in the new second direction of force / operating force B2 is here only by means of the diaphragm spring tongues 6 shown clutch pressure plate already closed, it transmits a moment, for example by the contact pressure of the diaphragm spring. By the pressure force of the second operating force B2 direction on the plate spring tongues 6 the contact pressure is increased (leverage). The actuation path is small compared to the normal first Ausrückweg in the first operating force direction B1 (in this Abhub must be realized). This means that the second actuation system performs only a short work stroke (determined only by the elasticities, not by a Abhubweg). It should be noted, however, that with the normal release travel (first actuation direction B1), the second actuation system has to implement this path. Overall, so extends the total stroke of the actuator bearing 1 , In order not to extend the total stroke, it is possible to shorten the Ausrückweg the first operating force direction B1. To realize this would require the translation of the lever 10 be adjusted.

It's different from that 2 according to 3 also possible, the piston 13 and the cylinder 12 in the case 5 of the actuating bearing 1 to integrate. The piston 13 then supports itself on the flange 9.1 the guide sleeve 9 from or is integrally formed with this. By pressurizing the pressure chamber 12.1 of the cylinder 12 with a fluid F, this moves with the housing 5 and thus with the actuation bearing 1 as shown in the second operating force direction B2 (here to the left), which is opposite to the normal first operating force B1. In this variant, only minor changes to the other parts of the actuation system are required. On the guide sleeve 9 No significant changes are necessary, it is only the possibility of contact (contact) for the piston 13 to accomplish. The release bearing (bearing outer ring 2 , Bearing inner ring 3 , Rolling elements 4 ) and the (additional) cylinder 12 can be formed as a unit. The cylinder 12 can be directly in the housing of the actuation bearing 1 to get integrated. Alternatively, the cylinder could 12 be designed as an additional part. The pressure supply of the fluid F can be done for example by a flexible hose, not shown.

Another variant, in which piston 13 and cylinders 12 in the guide tube 9 including its flange 9.1 are integrated in is 4 shown. Here are the actuation bearing 1 no essential changes required, it is only a stop possibility (contact) for the piston 13 necessary. The dimensions (eg outer diameter) do not change substantially, thus, the installation of the operating lever 10 done without problems. The guide sleeve 9 with the cylinder 12 is to be formed as a structural unit and can be pre-assembled and tested in the clutch bell, not shown. Alternatively, the cylinder could 12 be designed as an additional part. The pressure supply can be done for example by a flexible hose (not shown).

An embodiment not shown with a piston and cylinder in the guide tube is that the pressure supply with the fluid through the bell housing (integrated into the cast wall) takes place. In this case, no hose is required and the installation of the pressure supply is simplified. A coupling of the pressure supply with the transmission operation is advantageously feasible.

5 shows a further possibility of Anpresskrafterhöhung in a manually operated clutch with double-sided operation (push-pull coupling). In addition to the manual actuating device (eg via the clutch pedal, using hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders), a second, automatically operated actuating device can be provided, that of the manual actuating device, which extends into one via the lever 10 manually initiated actuation direction B1.10 counteracts, counteracts in a second operating force B2 direction. This actuating device / second means acting in the second actuating direction is automatically switched on when required (for example by means of a signal from the motor control). The actuator of the first / second means can be chosen arbitrarily. Separate actuators can be used for the first / second means or an actuator for actuating the first and second means, for example a single motor spindle system for both actuating directions, a double-acting cylinder for both actuating directions.

In 5 the second actuating device acts on the second end in the second operating force direction B2 10.2 of the lever 10 and thereby causes an axial movement of the actuating bearing 1 in the direction of actuation B2 and thus a movement of the ends of the diaphragm spring tongues in the illustration to the left.

• – Die zusätzliche Betätigungseinheit (Zylinder und Kolben) wird als eine geschlossene Baueinheit ausgebildet und am Lagergehäuse bzw. am Führungsrohr fixiert. Die Zylinderflächen sind damit nicht in das Lagergehäuse bzw. Führungsrohr integriert. Dies ist u. U. für die Reib- und Dichtungseigenschaften vorteilhaft, bedeutet aber einen gewissen Mehraufwand an Bauteilen und Bauraum.
• – Konzeption der zusätzlichen Betätigungseinheit als optionales Modul für spezielle Fahrzeuganwendungen.
• – Die Kolben-/Zylinderdichtungen werden als ein Rollbalg ausgeführt. Vorteil können z.B. bessere Reib- und Dichtungseigenschaften sein.
• – Das Betätigungslager ist nicht an der Kupplungsdruckplatte vormontiert. Die Verbindung kann z.B. durch einen Schnappverschluss erst bei der Endmontage erfolgen. Prinzipiell ist aber in entsprechender Weise die Integration eines Betätigungssystems mit zweiter Kraftrichtung möglich.
• – Prinzipiell kann auch eine bisher aufgedrückte Kupplungsduckplatte durch ein Betätigungssystem für eine zweite ziehende Kraftrichtung ergänzt werden.

According to other variants not shown, the following constructive embodiments are possible:

• - The additional actuator (cylinder and piston) is designed as a closed unit and fixed to the bearing housing or on the guide tube. The cylindrical surfaces are thus not integrated in the bearing housing or guide tube. This is u. U. advantageous for the friction and sealing properties, but means a certain overhead on components and space.
• - Design of the additional actuator unit as an optional module for special vehicle applications.
• - The piston / cylinder seals are designed as a rolling bellows. Advantage can be better friction and sealing properties, for example.
• - The actuator bearing is not preassembled on the clutch pressure plate. The connection can be made eg by a snap closure only during final assembly. In principle, however, the integration of an actuating system with the second direction of force is possible in a corresponding manner.
• - In principle, a previously impressed Kupplungsduckplatte be supplemented by an actuating system for a second pulling force direction.

Advantageously, this addition of a second actuation system is associated with relatively little effort, e.g. Existing parts (bearing housing and guide tube) can be used for this with several integrated functions.

The energy for the second actuating direction can preferably be taken from the available sources. There is one available Compressed air or oil pressure supply, through which the fluid for the actuation of the piston-cylinder system is supplied in the second actuating direction. Also electrical or electromechanical drives can be used. Alternatively, pressure / vacuum sources on the engine or exhaust system can be used, for example, negative pressure as for a brake booster.

The control of the automatic Anpresskrafterhöhung is preferably realized in two extreme positions. Either there is no second actuation force or it acts a maximum second actuation force. These two operating positions are to be selected according to the situation. Alternatively, a stepless Anpresskrafterhöhung is possible.

A maximum second actuating force is only required if a larger engine torque is present and should be transmitted. This means that e.g. in response to a motor control signal or a signal of the load pedal position, the second clutch operation is to take place.

Alternatively, a permanent second actuation can take place as soon as no first actuation force (for manual clutch opening) is effective. This means that as soon as no force is applied to open in the first actuating direction, a maximum contact force is built up by the second operating force direction.

If necessary, it must be possible to safely open the coupling by manual operation at any time. For this purpose, a timely control to open the second direction of actuation must be done. As a trigger different signals can be used. The manual operation can e.g. via a push-button switch or via a pressure switch (for example in the case of hydrostatic actuation).

Furthermore, however, other signals of the vehicle can be used. Thus, e.g. be signaled by the brake system (brake operation) that no longer the maximum clutch torque must be transmitted. The second actuating force can be canceled, because under certain circumstances, a manual clutch opening is imminent.

6 shows the force-displacement curve of the disengagement system according to the invention.

When manually or automatically operated in the normal first operating force direction B1, the normal disengaging force F1 Bet. Acts, with the clutch pressure plate open. If the actuating bearing force-free, a contact pressure on the diaphragm spring tongues is realized by a spring accumulator. This corresponds to a conventional clutch operation.

With closed clutch pressure plate and opposite movement in the second operating force direction B2 in automatic operation, the second operating force F2 Bet acts. on the actuation bearing / release bearing. It act the contact pressure by a spring and the second operating force F2 Bet.

In addition to the variants described, further constructional configurations of the second means for realizing an actuation in the second actuation direction are possible.

There is thus provided a release system with which a two-sided operating force direction is possible and the actuating bearing (especially the rolling bearing and the diaphragm spring tongue connection) always have a preload.

Is exploited here that the combination of a bilateral connection of the actuator bearing 1 on the plate spring tongues 6 , by means of the first and second pressure ring 7 . 8th allows a constantly closed power flow between the components. Thus, an actuation of a clutch in the push-pull operation can be realized.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 operation seat

2

 Bearing outer ring

3

 Bearing inner ring

3.1

Running surface of the bearing inner ring 3

4

 rolling elements

5

 casing

6

 Diaphragm spring fingers

6.1

first side of the plate spring tongues 6

6.2

 second side of the plate spring tongues

7

 first pressure ring

8th

 second pressure ring

9

 guide sleeve

9.1

 flange

10

 lever

10.1

 first end of the lever

10.2

 second end of the lever

11

 Clutch Pressure Plate

12

 cylinder

13

 piston

A

 longitudinal axis

A10

 axis

B1

 first operating force direction

B2

 second operating force direction

B1.10

 initiated actuation direction

F

 fluid

F1 Bet.

normal release force

Q2 Bet.

second actuating force

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 10329972 A1 [0003]

Claims (10)

Release system for actuating a clutch, in particular for a friction clutch to be provided between an engine and a transmission, with an actuating bearing ( 1 ), for actuating the clutch actuating means, such as a plate spring / diaphragm spring tongues ( 6 ) a clutch pressure plate (K), wherein the actuating bearing ( 1 ) a bearing outer ring ( 2 ), a bearing inner ring ( 3 ) and arranged therebetween rolling elements ( 4 ) as well as a housing ( 5 ), characterized in that the plate spring tongues on both sides via the actuating bearing ( 1 ) are supported and the coupling means of the actuating bearing - in a first operating force direction (B1) is actuated and - in a direction opposite to the first Betätigungkraftsrichtung (B1) second operating force direction (B2) is automatically actuated. Release system according to claim 1, characterized in that the coupling by on the actuating bearing ( 1 ) acting in the first operating force direction first means is manually or automatically actuated and that the second actuating force direction (B2) by means of an automatically operated actuator / second means directly or via a transmission element on the housing ( 5 ) of the actuating bearing ( 1 ) and can be switched on automatically if necessary. Release system according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the first means as one with the housing ( 5 ) associated lever ( 10 ), which is pivotally mounted in a frame-fixed axis (A10), which is manually operable in the first operating force direction (B1) and that the second means as a mechanical actuator, as a fluid-operated actuator, as an electric actuator or a combination of the aforementioned actuators are formed. Release system according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second means are designed in the manner of a Zentralausrückers and on the actuating bearing ( 1 ) or that the second means via the transmission element, which in the form of the lever ( 10 ) is formed, act on the actuating bearing. Release system according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the first means for realizing the first operating force direction (B1) and the second means for realizing the second operating force direction (B1) are provided via a respective separate or via a common actuator. Release system according to claim 4, characterized in that the housing ( 5 ) of the actuating bearing ( 1 ) on a guide tube ( 9 ) is mounted axially displaceable and by means of a piston ( 13 ) in a cylinder ( 12 ) is axially displaceable, by pressurization with a fluid (F) is actuated, so that the housing ( 5 ) with the outer ring ( 2 ) and the inner ring ( 3 ) and the rolling elements ( 4 ) towards the diaphragm spring tongues ( 6 ) is movable and this actuated in the second operating force direction (B2). Release system according to claim 6, characterized in that - that on the housing ( 6 ) a piston ( 13 ) formed in a cylinder ( 12 ) of the guide tube ( 9 ) is mounted relative to this axially displaceable or - that in the housing ( 5 ) a cylinder ( 12 ) is formed in which a piston ( 13 ) is received relative to this axially displaceable on the guide tube ( 9 ) or - that the guide tube ( 9 ) the cylinder ( 12 ), in which the piston ( 13 ) is mounted, which against the housing ( 5 ) of the actuating bearing ( 1 ) acts. Release system according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the actuating bearing ( 1 ) a first pressure ring ( 7 ) pointing to a first page ( 6.1 ) of the plate spring tongues ( 6 ) acts when the actuating bearing is mechanically acted upon in the first operating force direction and that the actuating bearing ( 1 ) towards the second page ( 6.2 ) of the plate spring tongues ( 6 ) a second pressure ring ( 8th ) facing the second side ( 6.2 ) of the plate spring tongues ( 6 ) acts when the actuating bearing ( 1 ) is acted upon in the opposite to the first operating force direction (B1) second actuating force direction (B2). Release system according to claim 8, characterized in that the first pressure ring ( 7 ) and the second pressure ring ( 8th ) on the bearing inner ring ( 3 ) are arranged. Release system according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that the radially inwardly facing plate spring tongues ( 6 ) between the first and the second pressure ring ( 7 . 8th ) are clamped.

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