DE102013215967A1 - Cutting tool, method and use of the cutting tool for machining a bearing ring - Google Patents

Abstract

Embodiments include a cutting tool 10, a method and use of the cutting tool 10 for machining a bearing ring 20. A cutting tool 10 for machining a bearing ring 20, wherein a cutting edge of the cutting tool 10 has at least two radii of curvature.

Description

Embodiments of the present invention relate to a cutting tool, a method and a use of the cutting tool for machining a bearing ring.

Various methods of machining bearing rings are known from the conventional art. These include, among other things, turning, in which a tool, which is also called a turning tool or cutting tool, is brought to a rotating workpiece. The clamped tool is then moved along the rotating workpiece with the aid of a tool slide to lift a chip. With respect to the movement of the cutting tool is also spoken of a feed and feed movement. When machining bearing rings, a high degree of precision is important since high demands are placed on these components and their surfaces in terms of wear and durability.

Many bearings are known from the prior art, which can be divided into sliding and rolling bearings. In the rolling bearings differently shaped rolling elements can be used, which then determine the name of the camp. For example, ball bearings, needle roller bearings, tapered roller bearings, cylindrical roller bearings, roller bearings, etc. are known here. In rolling bearings, the rolling elements are held between two running surfaces of the bearing rings, in which case shelves provided for supporting and guiding the rolling elements as well as bearing cages are also used on the bearing rings. Under a board is here a jetty, d. H. a supernatant, understood, which is adapted to lead, for example, cylindrical rollers or a cylindrical roller cage of a cylindrical roller bearing.

In such bearings, the tread, which is in direct contact with the rolling elements, separated from the board by a so-called puncture or undercut. Punctures or undercuts may occur as internal or external punctures, for example, for discontinuation of turned parts to be ground, the punctures or undercuts, e.g. serve to let a grinding wheel edge run out freely. You can also reduce the otherwise occurring at sharp transitions notch effect.

From the conventional technique, it is also known to screw a puncture on a bearing ring of a cylindrical roller bearing by a corresponding cutting tool. In this case, the cutting tool, d. H. its cutting edge, a radius which is at most as large as the radius of the groove. The radius of such a puncture depends on the dimension of the bearing rings, d. H. of the camp, from. In many cases, the undercut is significantly smaller in dimension than the raceway on the bearing ring, or the height of the board. In addition, such a cutting tool is also used to plan the surface of the board. In other words, the side of the board facing the rolling elements is turned or leveled flat, i. a certain planarity or flatness of the surface of the board is achieved by the processing. It is particularly important that the other surfaces of the bearing ring, in particular the tread, are not affected by this processing step.

Due to the limited dimensions of the cutting edge of the cutting tool, a rotation of the lathe can accordingly only take place with a rotational speed which is adapted to the cutting surface. In general, the lower the feed, the smaller the chip and the better the quality of the surface produced in this way. The smaller the radius of the cutting edge, the lower the feed rate.

In this context, it should be mentioned that the feed speeds during rotation must be adapted to the required surface quality. Faster feed is associated with a lower surface quality and also leads to higher wear of the cutting tool. In particular, the temperatures of the cutting tool and the workpiece increase. Due to this, in the conventional technique, cutting radii are used that are adapted to the groove to be created. The feed is reduced accordingly.

In this regard, when turning Borden on bearing rings for cylindrical roller bearings so far only a simple cutting edge can be used. This can be z. B. done during the process of hard finish turning. The radius of the cutting edge can not exceed the radius of the recess, otherwise the running surface of the bearing ring can be affected. This is accompanied by low feed rates to achieve a required surface quality.

The object of the present invention is therefore to provide an improved concept for rotating a bearing ring.

This object is achieved according to the independent claims.

Embodiments of the present invention are based on the core idea that just in the rotating processing first the completion form of the component, the shape and thus determines the maximum radius of a cutting tool. In other words, the cutting tool can only be adapted to the shape of the component to be machined when this is almost completed. It is a further recognition of the present invention that during the initial machining of a component cutting tools or radii of cutting tools can be used which can no longer be used in the later finer machining or completion of the shape of the component.

Embodiments therefore provide a cutting tool for machining a bearing ring, wherein a cutting edge of the cutting tool has at least two radii of curvature. In embodiments, the two radii of curvature are different, d. H. a first radius of curvature is greater than a second radius of curvature. Accordingly, with the larger radius of curvature, a feed can be set faster than with the smaller radius of curvature. The smaller radius of curvature can be used to define the final shape of the component to be machined. The larger radius of curvature can be used to remove more material from the blank in a shorter time for faster completion. Embodiments can therefore offer the advantage that they allow a faster machining of a bearing ring.

The transition between the two radii of curvature can be flowing. In other words, starting from a first smaller radius of curvature, this can be increased continuously up to the second larger radius of curvature. In other embodiments, the transition can also be sudden, the two cutting sections with different radii are then led to each other so that their two tangents are at the intersection point, so that no discontinuity and / or no kink arises.

In embodiments, the cutting tool can therefore be designed to machine the bearing ring by turning. In embodiments, in particular the facing of a surface of a board can be made on the bearing ring. This step in the warehouse production can be downstream of attaching a recess. In other words, some embodiments may provide for rotating a puncture or undercut that separates a tread of a bearing ring from a shelf. In this respect, the cutting tool can be designed to rotate a recess which separates the running surface of the bearing ring from the board. Here, in a turning operation, the tool may be arranged so that at the beginning of the turning operation, the cutting edge is used with the larger radius, being used towards the end of the turning operation, the cutting area with the smaller radius of curvature.

In other embodiments, the facing of the surface of the board can be carried out with existing cutting or undercut with the cutting tool. In such an embodiment, the shape of the cutting tool may be adjusted over the two radii such that the cutting tool does not interfere with the existing undercut and the facing of the surface of the board can be accomplished via the larger radius cutting area. In this respect, the facing can be accomplished with a correspondingly high selected feed.

Embodiments are therefore based on the idea that a cutting edge can have two different radii and thus a large cutting radius can be used on the surface to be machined, which allows for increased feed with the same surface quality.

Embodiments therefore also provide a method for machining a bearing ring with a rotation of the bearing ring. The method further includes shaving the bearing ring with a cutting edge of a cutting tool having a first radius that is greater than a second radius of the cutting tool. In embodiments, with the method a facing of a Bordes of the bearing ring can be achieved. In other embodiments, an additional stock removal of the bearing ring may be provided with a cutting edge of the cutting tool with the second radius. The order can be chosen so that first with a first larger radius is abgespant before subsequently a second stock removal with a second, smaller radius. The feed can then be adjusted accordingly in embodiments, d. H. during the first chipping a faster feed can be selected than during the second chipping.

In some embodiments, the method may be for turning a groove between a raceway and a shelf of a bearing ring. In this case, the second radius may be smaller than the first radius, wherein the second radius may also correspond to a radius of the recess.

Embodiments also provide a use of a cutting tool according to the above description for machining a bearing ring. The cutting tool can be used in embodiments for facing a Bordes and / or for rotating a puncture between a raceway and a board of a bearing ring.

The ratio of the two radii may be different in different embodiments. Conceivable here are ratios of, for example, 1.1: 1, 1.2: 1, 1.3: 1, 1.5: 1, 2: 1; 3: 1, 5: 1, 10: 1, 20: 1, 50: 1, 100: 1, etc.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Show it:

1 an embodiment of a cutting tool;

2 an illustration of the cutting radii in one embodiment; and

3 a block diagram of an embodiment of a method for processing a bearing ring.

In the following description of the attached figures showing embodiments, like reference numerals designate like or similar components. Further, summary reference numbers are used for components and objects that occur multiple times in one embodiment or in a drawing, but are described together in terms of one or more features. Components or objects which are described by the same or by the same reference numerals may be the same, but possibly also different, in terms of individual, several or all features, for example their dimensions, unless otherwise explicitly or implicitly stated in the description.

1 shows an embodiment of a cutting tool 10 for machining a bearing ring 20 , wherein the cutting edge of the cutting tool 10 has at least two radii of curvature. The 1 shows the cutting tool 10 which is designed as a cutting plate in the present embodiment. The cutting plate 10 is in the 1 shown with dashed lines and is based on the 2 explained in more detail. The 1 also shows the contour of a bearing outer ring 20 , where the track is shown in the upper part and the board in the lower part.

In one embodiment, the puncture is placed between the track and the board and at the same time can be a facing of the board surface done. The puncture is over the cutting tool 10 unscrewed. In a further embodiment, the puncture is already present and it is the on-board surface turned flat using the cutting portion with the large radius.

The 1 also shows a conventional insert 30 , which is shown with a dotted line. The radius of the conventional insert corresponds to the larger radius of the cutting tool 10 , Like from the 1 can be easily recognized, the puncture on the bearing ring 20 or also a planarity of the board surface with the conventional insert 30 not be turned. For this reason, either the cutting plate will be changed in the conventional method, or be worked from the outset with a cutting plate with a smaller radius.

The 2 shows the embodiment of the cutting tool 10 from the 1 with the two radii r1 and r2. As the 2 illustrated, located on the 2 On the left side shown a cutting edge section with the smaller radius r1 and at the right end of the cutting a cutting portion with the radius r2. In one embodiment, the cutting tool is 10 trained to the bearing ring 20 by turning to edit. In particular, should in the 1 shown puncture, the tread of the bearing ring 20 separated from the board, be turned. In another embodiment, the inner, ie the rolling bodies facing surface of the board, turned flat, the puncture is already present. Furthermore, it is assumed that the smaller of the two radii of curvature r1, also has the radius of the recess.

As the 1 and 2 Furthermore, at least initially at the surface to be machined, a large cutting radius r2 can be used, which allows an increased feed rate with the same surface quality. In the embodiment in which the on-board surface is rotated flat when there is a puncture, the whole turning operation can be carried along to the large radius of the cutting tool 10 be processed adapted feed. The 2 shows in dashed lines the two different radii used for the cutting surface of the cutting tool 10 ,

As in particular from the 1 would be apparent when turning with a conventional insert 30 if the radius is too large, the track is processed, which is undesirable. Due to the geometry with the two different radii, the use of a large radius in the cutting area is made possible without the risk of touching the raceway.

Embodiments can therefore offer the advantage that different feed rates can be realized in the processing of a bearing ring with only one cutting tool. Again 1 can be seen, the cutting tool can be advanced in a straight line in the direction of the puncture, wherein the contact with the workpiece shifts from the cutting area with the larger radius to the cutting area with the smaller radius, as long as the puncture is rotated. At the end of machining, only the cutting area with the smaller radius is decisive for the shape, ie the completion shape, of the bearing ring. If the puncture already exists, it can be left in the area of the large cutting radius and a turning of the board surface with increased feed can be made.

The 3 shows a block diagram of an embodiment of a method for machining a bearing ring 20 , The method comprises a first step of turning 50 of the bearing ring 20 , The method further comprises at least one step of chip removal 60 , The first stock removal 60 of the bearing ring 20 done with a cutting edge of the cutting tool 10 with a first radius r2 greater than a second radius r1 of the cutting tool 10 , In this respect, the method for facing a Bordes of the bearing ring 20 serve. In further embodiments, a second step of cutting away 70 respectively. The second removal 70 that in the 3 optional (dashed line) is shown, the bearing ring 20 done with the cutting edge of the cutting tool 10 with the second radius r1. In other embodiments, the method is to rotate the groove between the raceway and the shelf of the bearing ring 20 according to the 1 educated. Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the second radius r1 is set smaller than the first radius r2. The second radius corresponds to that in the 2 , denoted by r1, the radius of the groove.

Embodiments may further include use of the cutting tool 10 for machining the bearing ring 20 provide. The cutting tool 10 can thereby for facing a Bordes and / or for rotating the groove between the raceway and the board of the bearing ring 20 according to the 1 be used.

The features disclosed in the foregoing description, the appended claims and the appended figures may be taken to be and effect both individually and in any combination for the realization of an embodiment in its various forms.

Although some aspects have been described in the context of a device, it will be understood that these aspects also constitute a description of the corresponding method, so that a block or a component of a device is also to be understood as a corresponding method step or as a feature of a method step. Similarly, aspects described in connection with or as a method step also represent a description of a corresponding block or detail or feature of a corresponding device.

The embodiments described above are merely illustrative of the principles of the present invention. It will be understood that modifications and variations of the arrangements and details described herein will be apparent to others of ordinary skill in the art. Therefore, it is intended that the invention be limited only by the scope of the appended claims and not by the specific details presented in the description and explanation of the embodiments herein.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

 cutting tool

20

 bearing ring

30

 Conventional insert

50

 Rotate

60

 Roughing

70

 Roughing

Claims (10)

Cutting tool ( 10 ) for machining a bearing ring ( 20 ), wherein a cutting edge of the cutting tool ( 10 ) has at least two radii of curvature. Cutting tool ( 10 ) according to claim 1, which is designed to hold the bearing ring (10). 20 ) by turning. Cutting tool ( 10 ) according to claim 2, which is suitable for facing a board and / or for turning a recess, which has a running surface of the bearing ring ( 20 ) separates from the board is formed. Cutting tool ( 10 ) according to claim 3, wherein a smaller of the two radii of curvature has a radius of the recess. Method for machining a bearing ring ( 20 ), with turning ( 50 ) of the bearing ring ( 20 ); and stock removal ( 60 ) of the bearing ring ( 20 ) with a cutting edge of a cutting tool ( 10 ) having a first radius r 2 which is greater than a second radius r 1 of the cutting tool ( 10 ). Method according to claim 5 for facing a flange of the bearing ring ( 20 ) and / or with stock removal ( 70 ) of the bearing ring ( 20 ) with a cutting edge of the cutting tool ( 10 ) with a second radius r1 for rotating a groove between a raceway and a shelf of the bearing ring ( 20 ). Method according to one of claims 5 or 6, wherein the second radius r1 is smaller than the first radius r2. Method according to one of claims 6 or 7, wherein the second radius r1 corresponds to a radius of the recess. Using a cutting tool ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4 for machining a bearing ring ( 20 ). Use according to claim 9, for facing a board and / or for turning a recess between a track and a board of the bearing ring ( 20 ).

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