DE102013202933B3 - Dispenser for discharging pharmaceutical liquid, has accessible ratchet wheel which is rotated about rotational axis parallel to axial direction between blocking rotational position and operating rotational position - Google Patents

Abstract

The dispenser (100) has a movable actuator (130) to deliver liquid from a liquid storage unit (120) to surrounding atmosphere through a discharge port. An accessible ratchet wheel is arranged externally in a housing (110). The ratchet wheel is rotated about a rotational axis parallel to an axial direction (2) between a blocking rotational position and an operating rotational position, where discharge of liquid is prevented in blocking position and discharge of liquid is allowed in operating position.

Description

The invention relates to a dispenser for dispensing pharmaceutical liquids. Such dispensers usually have a housing with integrated or attached liquid storage, a movable relative to the housing operating unit with finger support surface which is subjected to force for the purpose of actuation manually and is operatively connected to an outlet valve or a feed pump, and via a discharge opening through which the liquid can be discharged into a surrounding atmosphere. The donors described herein may, in particular, be designed as nasal dispensers intended for nasal administration of medicaments.

The liquids to be dispensed with generic dispensers also include liquids whose ingestion may be detrimental if not medically indicated. It is particularly problematic when, for example, out of curiosity or while playing, children use pharmaceutical dispensers and in doing so carry out and ingest liquid. Depending on the fluid, this can be associated with significant risks to the health of a child.

The given problem situation has led to legislative measures in many countries of the world, according to which for certain pharmaceutical liquids or active ingredients only donors may be used, which are usually not opened or operated by children, as children do not understand the operation of the commissioning.

Existing solutions for such child-resistant dispensers often make it necessary to design essential components of the dispenser differently than conventional dispensers. This leads to additional costs.

Task and solution

The object of the invention is to further develop generic dispenser to the effect that with a low design effort an effective child safety is achieved.

According to a first variant, it is provided here that a dispenser for dispensing pharmaceutical liquids has a housing and a discharge opening provided for discharging the liquid in the manner mentioned. In this case, a liquid storage is provided, which is fixed to the housing. On the side facing away from the liquid storage side of the housing, the actuating unit is provided, which is displaceable relative to the housing in an axial direction and having said finger support surface. By a displacement of the actuator unit relative to the housing liquid can be discharged from the liquid reservoir through the discharge opening.

Such a per se known dispenser according to the invention according to this first variant added to the effect that the housing is arranged on the outside accessible ratchet, which is rotatable relative to the housing between a blocking rotational position and an actuating rotational position about a parallel to the axial direction of the dispenser axis of rotation , wherein it prevents the discharge of liquid in the blocking rotational position and allows the discharge of liquid in the actuating rotational position.

In the case of the dispenser according to the first variant of the invention, a housing is thus provided, to which the liquid reservoir designed as a separate external liquid storage can be coupled, in particular by means of a thread. An actuating unit is displaceable relative to the housing and provided in particular for linearly guided displacement. By depressing this actuating unit, an outlet valve can be opened or a pump device can be actuated, so that liquid is conveyed from the liquid reservoir to the discharge opening. The ratchet wheel is rotatably provided on the housing and surrounds this preferably completely encircling. Depending on the rotational position of the ratchet wheel relative to the housing a liquid discharge is possible or impossible.

It has been found that with the dispenser, the actuating mechanism of which provides for a depression of the actuating unit, it is seldom detectable by children that the possibility of this or the possibility of discharging fluid thereby is related to the rotational position of a ratchet wheel. This is especially given when the ratchet wheel is substantially rotationally symmetric, since the change of the rotational position for children is difficult to see. Unless children see turning the ratchet wheel when used by an adult, unlocking it by turning is usually not transparent to them.

This can be promoted in particular by the fact that the ratchet wheel is made stiff.

The ratchet can prevent the discharge of liquid in various ways in its blocking rotational position. A comparatively complex possibility is that by turning the ratchet wheel not the mobility of the operating unit is mechanically prevented directly, but the possibility of this movement Discharge liquid. This could for example be done by decoupling the actuator from a conveyor such as a piston pump. It could also happen that a switchable valve is provided in the dispenser, which is switched by turning the ratchet wheel.

As an advantageous solution, however, is considered due to the structural simplicity, when the ratchet wheel in the blocking rotational position mechanically limits or prevents the displacement of the actuating unit relative to the housing. In such a design, the ratchet wheel limits the mobility of the actuator unit at least to the extent that no relevant amount of liquid can be discharged. This technical design is also advantageous because it is possible with her to provide conventional donors with minor structural changes with a child safety. This requires only the attachment of the locking ring and an additional stop on the actuating unit, which collides depending on the rotational position of the ratchet wheel in the course of the displacement relative to the housing before the success of a discharge with the ratchet wheel or a stopper portion provided thereon.

In a dispenser according to the invention according to this first variant, various options with regard to the coordination of the blocking rotational position and the actuating rotational position are possible. For example, a design can be selected in which takes place at a complete rotation of the actuator unit relative to the housing by 360 °, the majority of this rotation in the locked state. Thus, in an unintentional, for example, unintentional rotation of the ratchet wheel would take place with great likelihood no unlocking. In a further development of the angular range within which actuation is possible and thus defines the actuation rotational positions, preferably less than 90 °, in particular preferably less than 45 °, so that with far more than likely probability free rotation of the ratchet wheel not to a Actuating rotary position leads. However, conversely, it is also possible that only in a defined and preferably then also separately marked rotational position, the ratchet wheel prevents liquid discharge and thus is in the blocking rotational position. Thus, for example over an angular range of less than 45 °, in particular less than 30 °, such a blocking rotational position can be given while, moreover, the actuating rotary position is given, which makes a liquid discharge possible. The respective specific embodiment depends on the angular range in which the blocking is caused in particular in a mechanical manner by colliding slinging means on the housing and the actuating unit.

In a development of this first variant of the invention, the ratchet wheel can be additionally secured in the blocking rotational position. Thus, for example, be provided that starting from the blocking rotational position, first an axial displacement of the actuating unit or the ratchet wheel relative to the housing is required before the ratchet wheel can be rotated in the actuating rotational position.

In a second variant of the invention, it is provided that a dispenser according to the invention has a housing, a discharge opening and an actuating unit displaceable relative to the housing for the purpose of discharging liquid in an axial direction, on which the discharge opening is provided. Furthermore, a protective cap is provided which can be attached to the actuating unit in such a way that it covers the discharge opening.

The protective cap has a special design. Corresponding to an external thread on the actuating unit, the protective cap has an inner cap and an outer cap, wherein a female thread corresponding to the outer thread is provided on the inner cap. The inner cap and the outer cap are rotatable relative to each other and, depending on the design of the cap by axial or radial application of force to the outer cap in the direction of the inner cap can be positively coupled to then rotate together. The inner cap is sufficiently far screwed onto the operating unit, that the discharge opening is sealed by the inner cap closed.

In a dispenser according to this second variant thus a discharge opening is provided, which is displaceable together with the actuating unit relative to the housing. In order to prevent a discharge, said two-part cap is provided, which coincides in its basic structure with known safety caps. It has an inner cap and an outer cap, with only the outer cap is directly accessible with attached protective cap. The inner cap and the outer cap are normally rotated against each other, so that not easily the inner cap with internal thread of the actuator unit with external thread can be solved. However, it can be made by axial or radial application of force to the outer cap a positive connection between the outer cap and inner cap, through which the two partial caps are rotatable together. The protective cap can then be unscrewed from the operating unit. Such a two-piece cap as intended axial force is for example from the DE 10 2009 049 902 A1 The disclosure of which is incorporated by reference in the present disclosure.

In principle, it is problematic in the use of such two-piece caps that they must be subjected to force for the purpose of common twisting both partial caps. In the case of a dispenser having a protective cap screwed to the actuating unit, unscrewing this two-part protective cap in the case of intended axial application of force is thus only possible in such a way that a force is applied, which would in principle also be suitable for actuating the dispenser. Even with a cap with producible by radial force fit positive locking is in principle the risk that unintentionally this also takes place an axial displacement of the actuator unit.

In order nevertheless to ensure that the protective cap is attached and in the course of unscrewing this protective cap, that the liquid does not escape accidentally, the inner cap of the protective cap can be unscrewed so far that it closes off the discharge opening movable with the actuating unit. When force applied to the cap thus no liquid can escape.

In the simplest case, an inner end face of the inner cap abuts against the discharge opening in the fitted state of the inner cap and thereby closes it. The inside end face may optionally have a survey that comes into abutment. Increased safety can be ensured if an extension is provided on the inner cap, preferably in the region of the inside end face, which engages in the discharge opening when the protective cap is screwed onto the actuating unit. By such an extension, a reliable seal can be achieved quite reliably.

An alternative to this provides that on an inner end face of the inner cap, an annular sealing surface is provided which comes when tightening the cap on the actuator in annular contact with a surface surrounding the discharge, wherein a limited by the annular sealing surface volume beyond the discharge at attached protective cap is a maximum of 100 .mu.l, preferably a maximum of 20 ul.

Such an annular sealing surface can be brought in an individual case more easily in a sealing position as provided on the inner cap extension. The annular sealing surface sets when screwed in an annular region surrounding the discharge opening on. Liquid can then pass through the discharge opening although in an inner region within the annular sealing surface. However, since this is limited in terms of its volume and also the liquid can not get past the annular sealing surface, this design is expedient.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the dispenser is provided that this has a piston pump with a pump cylinder and a pump piston, which together define a pump chamber and by applying force to the actuator unit for the purpose of Flüssigkeitsaustrages while reducing a volume of the pumping chamber from a Ausgangsrelativlage to a Endrelativlage are displaced. In this case, a return flow channel is provided, which connects the pumping chamber with the liquid reservoir after exceeding an intermediate relative position.

By this particular embodiment with a piston pump which opens a return flow before reaching the Endrelativlage and thereby allows a backflow of liquid from the pump chamber into the liquid storage, a displacement of the actuator and the housing for the purpose of unscrewing the 2-piece cap into a Defined end position possible because the fluid pressure in the pump chamber does not oppose. This makes it much easier to remove the cap.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that there is no or no relevant overpressure in the pump chamber in this stop position, so that there is no need to worry that a liquid discharge takes place directly as a result of the removal of the cap.

The said design with reflux channel is also very well suited to possibly remove after the manufacture, transport and storage of the dispenser still located in the pump chamber air from this. For this purpose, a plurality of pump strokes can be performed with attached cap and thus prevented liquid discharge, in the course of which there is in each case to a backflow of the medium from the pump chamber into the liquid reservoir. As a result, the air can be gradually removed from the pump chamber, so that after subsequent removal of the cap directly not disturbed by air in the pump chamber discharge process is possible.

The in the simplest case provided on the inside end face of the inner cap surface which closes the discharge opening or said extension or the said annular sealing surface can in a simple embodiment of Inner cap in one piece with the other components, in particular their internal thread can be provided. In order to improve the sealing effect, it may be expedient to use another material on the inner cap in the region of the discharge opening. In an advantageous embodiment, it is therefore provided that the inner cap has such a separate sealing element which comes into contact with the discharge opening or with the surface surrounding the discharge opening when the protective cap is screwed on. In this case, such a separate sealing element may be substantially planar, form said annular sealing surface or also form the extension on the inner end face of the inner cap. The material of the sealing element is preferably of lower rigidity than the material of the inner cap, in order to apply sealingly in the region of the discharge opening or the nosepiece.

In a third variant of the invention, it is provided that a dispenser according to the invention has a housing, a discharge opening and an actuating unit with a finger support surface displaceable in an axial direction relative to the housing for the purpose of discharging liquid.

It is provided that the actuating unit relative to the housing is rotatable about an axis of rotation extending in the axial direction, wherein the actuating unit in at least one blocked blocking rotational position is not axially displaceable relative to the housing and axially displaceable in at least one unblocked actuation rotational position relative to the housing , In this case, the actuating unit in the blocking rotational position on the housing by a locking device against rotation can be locked.

In a dispenser according to the invention according to this third variant of the invention, starting from a secured state, the locking device must first be unlocked, so that subsequently a rotational movement of the actuating unit relative to the housing becomes possible. Only by this rotational movement is an actuation rotational position achieved, in which the axial displacement of the actuating unit relative to the housing and thus the liquid discharge is possible. This process is difficult for children to see through. In the secured position, in which the operating unit is locked against rotation, initially neither an axial movement nor a rotational movement is possible. Only by unlocking the condition is created to bring the actuator unit required in the actuation actuation rotational position.

There are various possibilities with regard to the type of locking, wherein it has proved particularly expedient to design the locking device in such a manner that the unlocking can be achieved by applying force to at least one unlocking surface of the actuating unit itself. This is preferably done in that the application of force to the unlocking surface causes a radial displacement of a locking portion of the actuating unit, whereby it comes to unlocking.

The arrangement of the unlocking directly on the actuator unit has the consequence that the operation for an adult is hardly associated with additional effort and yet remains difficult to see through a child. The unlocking surface is provided by their arrangement on the actuating unit for being displaceable axially relative to the housing together with this actuating unit. The displaceability of the unlocking surface for the purpose of unlocking is preferably a radial displacement. In particular, this displacement of the unlocking surface preferably also causes a radial displacement of a locking section of the actuating unit, which is arranged in the unlocked unlocking surface in such a way that it counteracts a positive displacement of the actuating unit.

In particular, it is advantageous if the finger support surface, the unlocking surface and the locking portion are formed as a one-piece component. In this case, this one-piece component is produced either from a uniform material or in the multi-component injection molding process from a plurality of different plastics, which may differ in particular with regard to their strength. The unlocking surface, which in principle could also be formed as a separate component, is in this embodiment integrally connected to the finger support surface, but against this preferably displaced by elastic deformation of the common one-piece component. In particular, it is advantageous if the unlocking surface is provided on the outside of a deformable circumferential jacket of the actuating unit, wherein preferably the locking portion is provided on the inside of this jacket. Such a jacket is in particular preferably provided underneath the finger support surface of the actuating unit and arranged such that it covers the housing and in particular the portion of the housing which cooperates with the locking portion both when the dispenser is actuated and when it is not actuated.

The interaction of the displacement of the unlocking surface on the one hand and the displacement of the bolt spacing on the other hand can be achieved in the simplest case, that the latch portion and the unlocking surface stationary are provided to each other, so that the locking portion is displaced to the same extent and in the same direction as the unlocking surface relative to the housing. An advantage is the design in which is offset on the said jacket of the locking portion relative to the unlocking surface in the circumferential direction, in particular by 60 ° to 120 °. In this way, it can be achieved that a force application of the unlocking surface or the preferably two opposing unlocking surfaces causes a radially outward deflection of the at least one locking portion radially outward. Since it is structurally simpler to provide a locking device in which a displacement of the locking portion radially outwardly causes the unlocking, such a design is considered advantageous.

The three mentioned variants of donors according to the invention can be designed as donors of various types, for example as donors for the oral administration of liquid or for the topical administration of liquids. The embodiment of dispensers according to the invention is considered particularly expedient as a nasal dispenser for the nasal administration of fluids. Such a dispenser preferably has a nose olive, at the distal end of the discharge opening is provided, wherein the nosepiece is preferably provided stationary to the actuating handle. Dispensers according to the invention are particularly useful in the case of pharmaceutical fluids whose intake is associated with considerable danger. These include, for example, painkillers. Also, a use of a dispenser according to the invention with pharmaceutical liquids / formulations with nasal decongestants such as imidazoline is useful.

Brief description of the drawings

Other aspects and advantages of the invention will become apparent from the claims and from the following description of preferred embodiments of the invention, which are explained below with reference to FIGS. Showing:

1a and 1b a dispenser according to the first variant of the invention,

2a to 2c various embodiments of a dispenser according to the second variant of the invention,

3a to 3c and 4 a further embodiment of a dispenser according to the second variant of the invention,

5a to 5d a dispenser according to the third variant of the invention,

6a to 6e another dispenser according to the third variant of the invention and

7a and 7b another dispenser according to the third variant of the invention.

Detailed description of the embodiments

The 1a and 1b show a dispenser according to the first variant of the invention.

This donor 100 has a housing 110 to which an external liquid storage 120 by means of a threaded connection 122 is coupled. On the liquid storage 120 opposite side of the housing 110 is an operating unit 130 provided, which via a finger rest surface 132 features. At this operating unit 130 is still a nose olive 140 provided at the distal end of a discharge opening 142 is arranged. The operating unit 130 is basically opposite the case 110 in an axial direction 2 displaceable, wherein for the purpose of discharging liquid, a displacement of the actuating unit 130 in the direction 2a on the case 110 is required.

Inside the case 110 is a pumping device 150 provided, the inlet channel 152 in the liquid storage 120 protrudes, wherein a provided for sucking liquid riser is not shown in the figures. The outlet channel 154 the pumping device 150 is on the inside of the nose olive 140 attached. The main body 158 the pumping device 150 is between the liquid storage 120 and the housing 110 fixed in position. By a shift of the operating unit 130 in the direction 2a can the exhaust duct 154 the pumping device 150 be displaced, whereby liquid to the discharge opening 142 is encouraged. This is done by means of an internal piston pump, not shown, within the pumping device 150 achieved. Alternatively, it could also be provided that the liquid in the liquid storage 120 pressurized and instead of the pumping device a switchable valve device controls the discharge.

In a manner not shown is the actuator unit 130 opposite the housing 110 secured against rotation. A relative rotation of the actuator unit 130 is therefore opposite the housing 110 not possible.

To make a backup of the donor 100 to allow is at the actuator unit 130 a blocking section 136 intended. This blocking portion 136 forms in the embodiment of 1a and 1b an inward-pointing thickening of a coat-like ring 134 , which is below the finger rest area 132 is provided.

This blocking section 136 can with a ratchet wheel 160 interact, which is about a rotation axis 3 opposite the housing 120 is rotatable. This ratchet wheel 160 has a handling area provided with a corrugated surface 162 as well as a blocking ring which adjoins above it 164 , How the particular 1b can be seen, has the blocking ring 164 over almost the entire circumference of an outer radius relative to the axis of rotation 3 greater than the spacing of the blocking portion 136 from the axis of rotation 3 , Only in a comparatively small angular range of about 15 ° is a recess 164a in the locking ring 164 intended.

Only if the ratchet wheel 160 in a rotational position relative to the housing 110 and the actuating handle 130 located at the blocking section 136 with this recess 164a is aligned, is a depression of the actuator unit 130 in the direction of the arrow 2a and thus a liquid discharge possible. Is however the ratchet wheel 160 twisted against this position, so the blocking section strikes 136 when depressing the operating unit 130 on the lock ring 164 before it comes to a liquid discharge. The liquid discharge is prevented.

By means of the ratchet wheel 160 Thus, in a simple manner, the dispenser can be brought into a blocked or a released state.

The 2a to 2c show dispenser according to the second variant of the invention.

Referring to 2a Such a dispenser has a housing 210 and one opposite to it in the axial direction 2 movable actuation unit 230 , This again has a finger rest 232 and a nose olive 240 , at the distal end of a discharge opening 242 is provided. The liquid storage and the pumping means are in the representations of 2a to 2c not shown. They correspond structurally those components that in the embodiment of 1a and 1b are shown.

At the donor 200 according to the 2a is a direct mechanical locking of the actuator unit 230 not provided. In order to prevent unwanted liquid discharge, for example by playing children, is instead a protective cap 270 provided, which at a thread 244 the nose olive 240 can be attached.

This protective cap 270 has an outer cap 272 and an inner cap 274 with internal thread. In known manner, the inner cap 274 and the outer cap 272 in the axial direction 2 mutually displaceable. They have a coupling mechanism 276 , although a complete separation of the inner cap 274 and the outer cap 272 counteracts, however, the said axial displaceability allows. In not force against each other state are the inner cap 274 and the outer cap 272 also around the axis of rotation 3 rotatable against each other, allowing a manual turning on the outer cap 272 initially no turning of the inner cap 274 causes and therefore not directly unscrewing the cap 270 from the nose olive 240 allowed. To achieve this, the outer cap needs 272 in the direction 2a against the inner cap 274 be pressed. As a result, positive locking means 274a . 272a joined positively in the front area of the cap, so that then a common rotation of the inner cap 274 and the outer cap 272 is possible.

To prevent these from unscrewing the cap 270 required application of force to the outer cap 272 in the direction of the arrow 2a causes an immediate discharge of liquid is the Innnenkappe 274 so measured and enough on the nose olive 240 screwed on, that they are screwed on, in 2a you can see the discharge opening 242 with its inside end face 274b closes. For this purpose, a survey is provided, which is directly at the discharge 274 comes to the plant. A depression of the outer cap 272 thus causes no liquid discharge.

To face the design of the 2a To achieve an increased security against liquid discharge, the embodiments of the 2 B and 2c intended. In the embodiment according to 2 B is instead of the survey a circumferential ring 274d provided, the attached cap 270 the discharge opening 242 enclosing all around. So while a small amount of liquid in an intermediate area 273 between the inner cap and its ring 274d as well as the discharge opening 242 reach. Before the cap 270 but was not removed, this small amount of fluid does not escape to the outside.

In the embodiment according to 2c is provided on the inner cap 274 a sealing section 278 made of a different material. This is in particular a softer material that adapts flexibly to the distal end of the nose olive 240 can adapt and thereby can reliably close the discharge opening. Due to the increased flexibility of this material can be achieved that the discharge opening when screwing the cap 270 already clearly before the interlocking of the positive locking means 274a . 272a is sealed.

In embodiments not shown, and the sealing ring 274d the embodiment of 2 B through one opposite the inner cap 274 be effected separate component to use an ideal for sealing purposes material.

The 3a to 3c show a further embodiment of a dispenser according to the invention 200 that the design of the 2a is identical in terms of operation and shape of the cap. The special feature in the design of the 3a to 3c lies in the peculiarity of the pumping device 250 , This pumping device is designed in the manner of a piston pump and has a cylinder component 252 and a piston component received therein and movable relative thereto 254 , Together, the cylinder limit 252 and the piston 254 the vast majority of a pumping chamber 253 , The liquid flow into the pumping chamber 253 takes place through an access channel 255 in the piston 254 , Between the access channel 255 and the pumping chamber 253 is an inlet valve 256 arranged, in the present case in the manner of acting as a check valve ball valve. Furthermore, the pumping device has 250 via an exhaust valve 257 which on the one hand by the discharge opening 242 pierced nose olive 240 and on the other hand by a valve pin 252a is formed. The piston cylinder 252 together with the end of the valve pin 252a is opposite the case 210 of the dispenser and opposite the operating unit 230 in the axial direction 2 displaced. Between the case 210 of the donor 200 and the cylinder 252 is a coil spring 211 provided that a displacement of the cylinder 252 in the direction of the arrow 2a counteracts.

The basic operation of this pumping device 250 Foresees that the nose olive 240 together with the operating unit 230 in the direction of the arrow 2a is pressed down, as in 3b is clear. This will also cause the cylinder 252 opposite the piston 254 pushed down, leaving in the pumping chamber 253 a pump pressure is built up that is capable of the cylinder component 252 also opposite the operating unit 230 in the direction of the arrow 2a continue to push down, leaving the discharge opening 242 from the valve pin 252a is released and a discharge process is basically possible. However, this is prevented by the cap when attached.

A special feature of the pumping device 250 This is because, with sufficiently far continued displacement of the cylinder 252 and the piston 254 against each other in the direction of a volumetric reduction of the pumping chamber 253 the pressure in the pumping chamber 253 collapses as intended. This is the case as soon as the piston 254 up to the area of two recesses 252b has arrived and thereby the peripheral contact with the cylinder component 252 lost. The recesses 252b allow that then the liquid from the pumping chamber 253 on the outside of the piston 254 past a return channel 258 passes, through which they can get back into the liquid storage, not shown.

In connection with the already in the embodiment of 2a to 2c explained cap is such a described pumping device 250 with reflux option of particular advantage. To release the cap is in the aforementioned manner, an axial application of force to the outer cap 272 opposite the inner cap 274 required. The embodiment of the pumping device 250 to the effect that with sufficient further displacement of the actuator unit 230 opposite the housing 210 the pressure in the pumping chamber 253 collapses, causes the operating unit 230 for the purpose of releasing the cap can be pressed against a stop, the present in the in 3c clarified way through the fully compressed spring 211 is formed. As in the state of 3c the fluid pressure in the pump chamber 253 has already collapsed and there, moreover, the exhaust valve in the state of 3c is closed, a removal of the cap without unwanted leakage is possible.

The type of pump described, the end of the pump stroke, a release of the pressure in the pump chamber 253 and at least partial reflux of the medium from the pumping chamber 253 is provided in the liquid storage, is also advantageous because hereby a so-called priming is possible. With attached cap and thus independent of the position of the exhaust valve 257 prevented discharge, by simple or multiple lifting movement of the actuator unit 230 opposite the housing 210 Gradually a circulation of the medium from the pump chamber 253 be achieved. As a result, air from the pump chamber, which has accumulated here, for example, during prolonged storage or during the manufacture of the dispenser, can escape into the liquid store, so that a complete dispensing operation is possible immediately after the cap has been released.

The 4 shows a section through a two-piece cap, the alternative to the caps of the 2a to 2c and 3a to 3c can be used in one of these donors. The peculiarity of in 4 schematically clarified cap, with respect to the basic shape of the inner cap 274 and the outer cap 272 with the caps of the 2a to 3c coincides, is that the positive connection between the caps is not generated by axial, but by radial application of force. Of the 4 it can be seen that the outer cap 272 and the inner cap 274 facing each other teeth 272d . 274d exhibit. With undeformed outer cap 272 stand those teeth 272d . 274d not in engagement with each other, so that a release of the cap is not possible. Only by a radial application of force to the outer cap 274 by the arrows 4 is clarified, the teeth can be 272d . 274d engage such that a common twisting of the outer cap 272 and the inner cap 274 is possible.

The teeth 272d . 274d are shaped so that they have bevels 272e . 274e when unscrewing the cap with deformed outer cap 274 abut one another and make their teeth more likely to slip due to their shape. It is therefore to unscrew the cap of a particularly strong application of force in the arrows 4 marked Art. Since each opposite to the slopes 272e . 274e approximately radially aligned edges 272f . 274f are provided, which rest against the intended purpose when screwing the cap, in this case a much lower radial force is required.

The 5a to 5d show the third variant of the invention. In the illustrated dispenser 300 are again just the case 310 as well as the operating unit 330 together with the nose olive 340 and the discharge opening 342 shown. The pumping device and the liquid storage again correspond to those in the embodiment of 1a and 1b ,

The peculiarity of this third variant of the invention is that the actuating unit 330 basically around the axis of rotation 3 opposite the housing 310 is rotatable. In a blocking rotary position, which in the 5a and 5b is shown, is a depression of the actuator unit 330 in the direction 2a but not possible because of the case 310 a blocking bar 312 is appropriate. As in particular on the basis of 5b is recognizable, prevents this blocking bar 312 together with a corresponding blocking section 336 the operating unit 330 the depression of the operating unit 330 and thus the liquid discharge.

Starting from the locked position of 5a and 5b However, it is also a rotation of the actuator unit 330 opposite the housing 310 initially not possible. As in particular on the basis of 5b is recognizable, are on both sides of the blocking web 312 two locking bars 314 intended. These extend in the radial direction less far outward than the blocking web 312 , However, they extend with respect to the axial direction 2 further than the blocking bar 312 in the direction 2 B and thus initially prevent the rotation of the actuator unit 330 around the axis of rotation 3 ,

To effect unlocking, it is provided that the user on two unlocking surfaces 338 a circulating coat 334 the operating unit 330 in the radial direction 4 suppressed. The coat 334 As a result, it deforms into an oval shape, the blocker section being offset by 90 ° in the circumferential direction 336 in the direction of the arrow 6 is moved radially outward.

Although this movement radially outwards is not sufficient to the blocking section 336 over the blocking jetty 312 away in the direction 2a to press. The deflection is sufficient, however, to deformed mantle 334 the operating unit 330 to twist as a whole.

The 5c and 5d show the condition of the donor 300 after this twisting. The blocking section 336 is now in the circumferential direction relative to the blocking web 312 as well as opposite the locking webs 314 added. Based on the state of 5c and 5d can the actuator unit 330 now in the direction of the arrow 2a be depressed and thus a liquid discharge can be effected.

After the liquid discharge, the donor 300 again in the locked state 5a and 5b to be brought. To facilitate this, the locking webs 314 preferably formed like a ramp, so that starting from the state of 5c and 5d a transfer to the state of 5a and 5b alone by turning the actuator 330 opposite the housing 310 is possible without requiring a force application of the unlocking surfaces.

The 6a to 6e show an alternative embodiment of a dispenser according to the third variant of the invention. The pumping device 350 this donor is designed in the same way as the donor according to the 3a to 3c ,

As in the embodiment of 5a to 5d is with the donor the 6a to 6e provided that, starting from the starting position, in the 6a and 6b is clarified, a discharge process is only possible when the actuator 330 opposite the housing 310 around the axis of rotation 3 was twisted. Such a rotational movement about the axis of rotation 3 However, it is only possible to a sufficient degree if a release has taken place before. In the locked state of 6a and 6b is one on a coat 334 the operating unit 330 provided blocking section 336 beyond a locking bar 314 arranged, which on the outside of the housing 310 is provided. Related to the representation of the 6a is a rotary movement of the actuator unit 330 opposite the housing 310 limited by clockwise. In the opposite direction, a rotational movement is prevented by subsequently described attacks. However, it could also be a second in the circumferential direction relative to the first locking web 314 spaced second locking web 314 be provided for this purpose.

In the locked relative position between the actuator unit 330 and the housing 310 becomes an operation, so a shift of the operating unit 330 in the direction of the arrow 2a opposite the housing 310 , through in 6c apparent radially outwardly facing webs 335a on an inner tube 335 the operating unit 330 prevents which on a circumferential, but not continuous, blocking bar 316 of the housing 310 rest. At this jetty 316 continue to be attacks 316a provided, which have already been mentioned and which starting from the locked position of the 6a a rotational movement of the actuating unit 330 opposite the housing 310 prevent it from turning counterclockwise.

In a similar manner as in the embodiment of 5a to 5d To unlock the dispenser, a radial force must be applied, which in the direction of the arrows 4 is directed. Through this radial application of force in the region of gripping surfaces on the jacket 334 is the over the gripping surfaces about 90 ° offset blocking section 336 in the direction of the arrow 6 pushed outward, so that he then a rotational movement of the actuator unit 330 opposite the housing 310 around the axis of rotation 3 clockwise based on 6a allowed. The first achievable state is that of 6c in which the bars 335 in cooperation with the footbridge 316 still a depression of the operating unit 330 opposite the housing 310 prevent. Only when the rotation continues until the condition of 6d is achieved, a discharge is possible. In this state of the 6d are the bars 335 on the operating unit 330 in the area of recesses 316b of the footbridge 316 arranged so that the down in the through 6e clarified manner is possible and thereby a discharge process can be caused.

7a and 7b show a further embodiment of a dispenser, of which in the illustrations, only the housing 310 as well as the operating unit 330 complete with nose olive 340 is shown. All other components are essentially identical to those components of the dispenser 6a to 6e , The peculiarity of this embodiment of 7a and 7b lies in the fact that the release, which is required before the actuator unit 330 opposite the housing 310 can be rotated, not by radially compressing the shell 334 is solvable. The lock is in the embodiment of 7a and 7b through the inside of the jacket 334 provided webs 337 causes, which in the unactuated rest position of the dispenser on an annular stop 313 of the housing. At this annular stop 313 is still a Sperrnocke 313a attached to the twisting of the actuator unit 330 opposite the housing 310 counteracts.

The location of the jetty 337 in the locked position is in 7a illustrated by dotted lines. To achieve unlocking, the actuator unit must 330 slightly axially in the direction of the arrow 2a opposite the housing 310 be relocated, with the related mobility is initially limited to a very small distance, preferably less than 2mm. Only when according to the dashed representation of the bridge 337 this release stroke was made, the bridge can 337 in the direction of the arrow 7 in 7a be shifted so that in an analogous way as in 6d and 6e clarifies the operating unit 330 and the case 310 as far as can be rotated against each other until the discharge is possible. The unlocking is done by a on the locking cam 313a provided slope easier.

Claims (15)

Donor ( 100 ) for the discharge of pharmaceutical liquids with - a housing ( 110 ), - a discharge opening ( 142 ), - a liquid storage attached to the housing ( 120 ) and - one on the liquid storage ( 120 ) facing away from the housing ( 110 ) and with respect to the housing ( 110 ) in an axial direction ( 2 ) displaceable operating unit ( 130 ) with finger support surface ( 132 ), whereby by means of the actuating unit ( 130 ) from the liquid storage ( 120 ) originating liquid through the discharge opening ( 142 ) can be discharged into a surrounding atmosphere, characterized in that the housing ( 110 ) an externally accessible ratchet wheel ( 160 ), which is opposite the housing ( 110 ) between a blocking rotational position and an actuating rotational position is rotatable about a rotation axis parallel to the axial direction, wherein it prevents the discharge of liquid in the blocking rotational position and allows the discharge of liquid in the actuating rotational position. Dispenser according to claim 1, characterized in that the ratchet wheel ( 160 ) in the blocking rotational position mechanically limits or prevents the displacement of the actuating unit relative to the housing. Dispenser according to claim 2, characterized in that on the actuating unit ( 130 ) and the ratchet wheel ( 160 ) Blocking sections ( 136 . 164 ) are provided, which are arranged in the blocking rotational position with respect to the axial direction in alignment with each other and which are offset from each other in the actuating rotational position. Donor ( 200 ) for the discharge of pharmaceutical liquids with - a housing ( 210 ), - a liquid storage ( 220 ), - a discharge opening ( 242 ), - one opposite the housing ( 210 ) for the purpose of discharging liquid in an axial direction ( 4 ) displaceable operating unit ( 230 ), at which the discharge opening ( 242 ), and - a protective cap ( 270 ) located on the operating unit ( 230 ) is attachable such that it the discharge opening ( 242 ), characterized in that - on the actuating unit ( 230 ) an external thread ( 242 ) and on the protective cap ( 270 ) a corresponding internal thread is provided, - the protective cap ( 270 ) an inner cap ( 274 ) and an outer cap ( 272 ), wherein on the inner cap, the internal thread is provided, - the inner cap ( 274 ) and the outer cap ( 272 ) are mutually rotatable and by axial or radial application of force to the outer cap ( 272 ) in the direction of the inner cap ( 274 ) are positively coupled to be rotatable together, and - the inner cap ( 274 ) so far on the actuator unit ( 230 ) is screwed that the discharge opening ( 242 ) is sealed by them closed. Donor ( 200 ) according to claim 4, characterized in that on the inner cap ( 274 ) an extension is provided which when screwing the protective cap ( 270 ) on the operating unit ( 230 ) engages in the discharge opening. Donor ( 200 ) according to claim 4, characterized in that on an inner end face of the inner cap ( 274 ) an annular sealing surface ( 274d ) is provided, which when screwing the cap ( 270 ) on the operating unit ( 230 ) in annular contact with a discharge opening ( 242 ) surrounding surface, wherein a limited by the annular sealing surface volume ( 273 ) beyond the discharge opening ( 242 ) with attached protective cap ( 270 ) is a maximum of 100 μl, preferably a maximum of 20 μl. Dispenser according to one of claims 4 to 6, characterized in that the inner cap ( 274 ) a separate sealing element ( 278 ), which when screwing the protective cap ( 270 ) with the discharge opening ( 242 ) or with the discharge opening ( 242 ) comes in contact with surrounding surface. Dispenser according to one of the claims, characterized in that the dispenser via a piston pump ( 250 ; 350 ) with a pump cylinder ( 252 ) and a pump piston ( 254 ), which together have a pump chamber ( 253 ) by force of the actuating unit ( 230 ) for the purpose of liquid discharge while reducing a volume of the pumping chamber ( 253 ) are relatively displaceable from an initial relative position to a final relative position, wherein a return flow channel ( 258 ) is provided, which after exceeding an intermediate relative position the pumping chamber ( 253 ) connects to the liquid storage. Donor ( 300 ) for the discharge of pharmaceutical liquids with - a housing ( 310 ), - a discharge opening ( 342 ) and - one opposite the housing ( 342 ) for the purpose of discharging liquid in an axial direction ( 2 ) displaceable operating unit ( 330 ) with a finger support surface ( 332 ), characterized in that - the actuating unit ( 330 ) opposite the housing ( 310 ) around one in the axial direction ( 2 ) extended axis of rotation ( 3 ) is rotatable, wherein the actuating unit ( 330 ) in at least one blocked blocking rotational position axially not opposite the housing ( 310 ) is displaceable and in at least one unblocked actuation rotational position axially relative to the housing ( 310 ) is displaceable, - the operating unit ( 330 ) in the blocking rotational position on the housing ( 310 ) by a locking device ( 336 . 312 . 314 ; 314 . 336 . 316a ; 337 . 313a . 316a ) is lockable against rotation. Dispenser according to claim 9, characterized in that the locking device ( 337 . 313a . 316a ) is adapted for, by an axial displacement of the actuating unit ( 330 ) opposite the housing ( 310 ) to be unlocked, wherein an axial displacement in the locked state only in a dimension is possible through which no discharge process is caused. Dispenser according to claim 9, characterized in that the locking device ( 336 . 312 . 314 ; 314 . 336 . 316a ) is designed by applying force to an unlocking surface ( 338 ) of the operating unit ( 330 ) and thereby caused radial displacement of a latch portion ( 336 ) of the operating unit ( 330 ) to be unlocked. Dispenser according to claim 11, characterized in that the finger support surface ( 332 ), the unlocking surface ( 338 ) and the latch section ( 336 ) are formed as a one-piece component. Dispenser according to claim 11 or 12, characterized in that the unlocking surface ( 338 ) on the outside of a deformable circumferential jacket ( 334 ) of the operating unit ( 330 ) is provided, wherein preferably the latch portion ( 336 ) on the inside of this jacket ( 334 ) is provided. Donor ( 300 ) according to claim 13, characterized in that the latch section ( 336 ) opposite the unlocking surface ( 338 ) is offset in the circumferential direction, so that a force application of the unlocking surface ( 338 ) radially inwardly a deflection of the latch portion ( 336 ) causes radially outward. Donor ( 100 ; 200 ; 300 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the dispenser is designed as a nasal dispenser for the nasal administration of a liquid medium and for this purpose via a nasal olive ( 140 ; 240 ; 340 ), at the distal end of the discharge opening ( 142 ; 242 ; 342 ), wherein the nosepiece preferably fixed to the operating unit ( 130 ; 230 ; 330 ) is provided.

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