DE102013108389A1 - Motion machine with temperature-compensated linear axis and machine tool with the motion machine - Google Patents

Abstract

It is an object of the present invention to propose a motion machine, which implements an alternative to the compensation of thermal displacements. It is also an object of the invention to propose a machine tool with such a movement machine. For this purpose, a movement machine 2 and a machine tool 1 with at least one linear axis 6 is proposed, wherein the linear axis has a by a reinforcement 16a, b temperature-compensated rail table 8.

Description

The invention relates to an automatic movement machine for a machine tool having the features of the preamble of claim 1 and a machine tool with the automatic movement machine.

For moving workpieces or tools industrial robots are often used. These are defined as universally applicable automatic actuators whose movements are freely programmable with respect to sequence of movements or movement paths and can perform handling and / or manufacturing tasks.

Depending on the construction of the industrial robot, rotary axes, linear axes or a mixture of these axes are used. In particular with the use of linear axes, thermal displacements may result in the event of temperature changes, wherein a displacement of the manipulator guided by the industrial robot is effected by the change in length of components of the linear axes within a kinematic chain of the industrial robot. After it is desired to increase the path accuracy of the industrial robots, ways are sought to eliminate such thermal dislocations.

An approach to compensate for a temperature-dependent change in position on a machine tool is in the published patent application DE 10 2010 003 303 A1 , which is probably the closest prior art proposed. In the publication, the effect of the thermal changes is first defined very precisely and proposed as a solution against the thermal displacement to use compensation values in the path control, which are both temperature-dependent and dependent on an axis position of a preceding linear axis.

It is an object of the present invention to propose a motion machine, which implements an alternative to the compensation of thermal displacements. It is also an object of the invention to propose a machine tool with such a movement machine.

This object is achieved by a motion machine with the features of claim 1 and by a machine tool having the features of claim 15. Preferred or advantageous embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims, the following description and the accompanying drawings.

In the context of the invention, an automatic movement machine is proposed, which is particularly preferably suitable and / or designed for a machine tool. The automatic movement machine comprises at least one linear axis, preferably two, three or more than three linear axes. Optionally, the movement machine can also have additional rotary and / or pivot axes. The movement machine is preferably controllable by a control device, so that the at least one linear axis can optionally be controlled synchronized with the other axes. In particular, the motion machine is designed as an industrial robot, in particular as a Cartesian robot.

The at least one linear axis has a rail table, wherein the rail table has a rail carrying body and at least one guide rail. Preferably, the rail table comprises two guide rails. The guide rail or guide rails are mounted on a guide rail side of the rail support body. In particular, the guide rail is fastened via a plurality of fastening points on the rail carrying body. Rail support body and guide rail are connected to each other in the longitudinal extension of the rail support member and / or the guide rail non-positively and / or positively and / or surface.

The rail table is constructed in particular for reasons of lightweight construction of a material mix, wherein the rail support body is made of a carrier material and the guide rail made of rail material. The rail support body is formed in particular as a profile, preferably with a constant cross section in the longitudinal direction. Thus, the at least one guide rail and the rail support body together form a first Bimaterialanordnung, wherein the two materials used have different thermal expansion coefficients.

The linear axis comprises a carriage, wherein the carriage is movably arranged on the at least one guide rail in a travel range in a linear direction, which corresponds to the longitudinal extension of the rail carrying body and / or the at least one guide rail. Optionally additionally comprises the linear axis at least one actuator, in particular an electric drive, for example a Spindle drive, which moves the car controlled by external energy along the linear direction on the rail table.

The rail table comprises an interface area, via which the rail table is connected in the motion machine. In particular, the interface area forms a transition of the kinematic chain of the movement machine. The interface region extends in the linear direction only over a partial region of the total length of the rail table and / or the at least one guide rail. For example, the interface area extends to less than 40%, preferably less than 30% and in particular less than 20% of the total length of the rail table and / or the at least one guide rail and / or the travel area. As a result of this spatially limited connection of the rail table in the movement machine, if the interface area is arranged on the rail table at the end, the rail table is clamped on only one side and has a free end on the opposite side. In the event that the interface area is arranged centrally, then the rail table has two free ends. The section between the interface area and the free end is hereinafter also referred to as free axis length or free length.

In the context of the invention, it is proposed that the rail table has a reinforcing device made of a reinforcing material which is fastened on the side facing away from the guide rail side - referred to below as the reinforcing side - of the rail carrying body. For example, the guide rail side is an upper side and the reinforcement side is a lower side of the rail support body. The reinforcing device extends in the linear direction over the interface area and over the travel range of the carriage. Thus, a length region is supported on the rail table by the Armierungseinrichtung, which overlaps in plan view both with the interface area as well as with the position of the car. The reinforcing device is connected to the rail support body in the longitudinal direction and / or in the linear direction positively and / or non-positively.

It is proposed that the reinforcing device is designed to compensate for a resulting from a change in temperature curvature of the first Bimaterialanordnung from the rail support body and the at least one guide rail. In particular, the arming device is designed to reduce the resulting curvature - defined as 1 / r -. This is achieved by compensating, in particular repealing, the curvature of the first bimaterial arrangement by a counterbending of a second bimaterial arrangement resulting from the same temperature change from the rail support body and the arming device.

The advantage of the invention is the fact that a temperature-compensated and thus temperature-tolerant rail table is created by the use of the reinforcing device. In particular, it is an idea of the invention that a substantial bending of the rail table is prevented by the arming device, but a change in length of the rail table is accepted, since this only leads to errors that are to be compensated easily in the movement machine.

The dimensioning of the reinforcement can z. B. be determined on the one hand via FEM simulations in a simple manner. Alternatively, it is also possible to determine the dimensioning by experiments, mounted differently sized Armierungseinrichtungen and the temperature behavior of the rail table is measured.

In principle, it is possible that the carrier material and the rail material are both formed as non-metals. However, the expansion effects are particularly pronounced for metals, so that in an advantageous development, either the carrier material or the rail material is formed as a metal and the other material as a non-metal. In particular, the non-metal has a smaller thermal expansion coefficient than the metal. In particular, the ratio of the coefficients of thermal expansion is less than 0.5, less than 0.3 or less than 0.1. In the event that the carrier material is formed as metal, the formation of the guide rail of non-metal leads to a curvature of the rail table. The same effect with a curvature in the opposite direction occurs when the carrier material of a non-metal and the rail material consists of a metal. As a non-metal, for example, a carbon-based light material such. As carbon, CFRP, CF / PEEK into consideration.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the carrier material and the rail material are each formed as metal, so that the first Bimaterialanordnung is formed as a bimetallic arrangement. Particularly preferably, the metals of support material and rail material are formed differently. In particular, these have different thermal expansion coefficients. Preferably the thermal expansion coefficients differ by at least a factor of 1.3, in particular at least by a factor of 1.8. In this development, the curvature effect due to the first bimetal arrangement occurs particularly strongly, so that the compensation by the second bimaterial arrangement or bimetallic arrangement is particularly valuable.

In an advantageous development, the carrier material and the reinforcing material are each formed as metal, so that the second Bimaterialanordnung is formed as a bimetallic arrangement. Particularly preferably, the metals of carrier material and reinforcing material are formed differently. In particular, these have different thermal expansion coefficients. Preferably, the thermal expansion coefficients differ by at least a factor of 1.3, in particular at least by a factor of 1.8. In this development, the curvature effect is compensated particularly effectively by the first bimetallic arrangement.

In a practical and therefore preferred embodiment, the carrier material is formed as an aluminum alloy and the rail material as steel. Particularly preferably, the reinforcing material is likewise formed from steel. In particular, the thermal expansion coefficient of the aluminum alloy is Ca. twice the thermal expansion coefficient of the steel used.

The advantage of the embodiment is that the rail table can still be referred to as a lightweight component due to the rail support of the aluminum alloy and is highly resilient due to the rails made of steel. In particular, the rail table in the described sandwich construction is lighter than a comparable rail table, which is made exclusively of steel.

In principle, it is possible for the reinforcing device to have any shape, as long as the reinforcing device extends over the described regions in the linear direction. Particularly simple and therefore preferred embodiments of the reinforcing device will be discussed below.

Viewed differently, shear stresses are introduced into the rail table by the temperature changes. The reinforcing means is to be designed so that the shear stresses caused due to the temperature changes of the combination of the rail supporting body and the at least one guide rail are compensated by the shear stresses caused by the temperature changes of the combination of the rail supporting body and the locking means, so that resulting bending moment is neutralized for the rail support body.

mit c < 0,005, vorzugsweise c < 0,003.It is particularly preferred that the reinforcing device is designed such that the maximum deviation d in mm of the rail table caused by the temperature change between the position of the interface region and any position of the carriage in the travel range or the free end of the rail table or along the free axis length or free length depending on the temperature change delta_T in Kelvin and the free length L in meters between the two positions satisfies the following inequality:

with c <0.005, preferably c <0.003.

The maximum deviation delta_d or the deviation d is also referred to as orthogonal deflection.

The maximum deviation d is measured by defining one of the positions of the rail table, in particular on the guide rail side or the armouring side, one plane and at the other position the maximum deviation of the rail table from the plane is measured. At a temperature change of 20 degrees Celsius to 40 degrees Celsius (delta_T = 20 K) and a distance of 1 meter (L = 1 m) is thus the deviation less than 0.1 mm, preferably less than 0.06 mm.

Particularly preferably, the movement machine is designed for a temperature range between 0 degrees Celsius and 60 degrees Celsius, so that the compensation effect is tested in this temperature range.

mit c > 0,05, vorzugsweise c > 0,1. D. h., dass bei dem obigen Beispiel die maximale Abweichung d mehr als 1 mm, vorzugsweise mehr als 2 mm betragen würde. The invention is preferably used when the maximum deviation measured as orthogonal deflection of the rail table without the arming device satisfies the following inequality:

with c> 0.05, preferably c> 0.1. That is, in the above example, the maximum deviation d would be more than 1 mm, preferably more than 2 mm.

In a particular embodiment of the invention, the reinforcing device is constructed from the same material as the at least one guide rail and / or the material of the reinforcing device has the same thermal expansion coefficient and / or the same modulus of elasticity as the at least one guide rail. This configuration makes it particularly easy to achieve that curvature and counterbending have the same effect on the rail support table.

In a further refinement or development of the invention, it is preferred that the cross-sectional area of the reinforcing device is dimensioned perpendicular to the linear direction such that the same tensile force as in the case of the temperature change is formed by the at least one guide rail. In other words, the same tensile force, but on two different sides, should be applied to the rail support body through the entirety of the guide rails and through the arming device in order to prevent curvature of the rail support body. Particularly preferably, the tensile forces are arranged in a plan view of the rail table parallel and congruent to each other.

In one possible structural embodiment, the reinforcing device comprises at least one reinforcing strip, wherein each of the at least one guide rails is assigned to one of the reinforcing strips. Particularly preferably, the reinforcing bars are arranged in a plan view of the rail table congruent to the guide rails. This ensures that subsystems are constructed, which each consist of a guide rail and a reinforcing strip arranged congruently thereto and which are dimensioned such that their tendency to curvature compensate each other. Particularly preferred guide rail and reinforcing strip of a subsystem of the same material or of a material with the same coefficient of thermal expansion are formed. Optionally, these also have the same area cross-section.

Particularly preferably, it is even provided that the reinforcing bars are designed as reinforcing bars, wherein it is provided in particular that the reinforcing bars are realized identical to the guide rails. If the structurally identical reinforcement rails are arranged congruently in plan view of the rail table, then it is ensured that curvature and countercurve in the rail table largely compensate or even cancel completely. In this embodiment, the invention is particularly easy to implement without additional experiments or FEM simulations.

In a possible development of the invention, the movement machine comprises a coupling component and a storage cart, wherein the storage cart is arranged displaceably in the linear direction on the reinforcing bars. The coupling component consists of an aluminum alloy and is connected in the interface area via a fixed-lot storage with the rail table. The fixed bearing is implemented by a fixed coupling of the coupling component with the rail table and / or the reinforcing rails. The floating bearing is realized by a coupling with the storage cart. Thus, the storage cart forms a floating bearing with respect to the linear direction. In this development, the reinforcing rails belonging to the reinforcing device have a double function. On the one hand, they serve to compensate temperature-based displacements, in particular curvatures. On the other hand, they are part of a coupling system with the coupling component, whereby also in the coupling component and the reinforcing rail again the problem of mixed materials is present. This problem is solved in that the coupling component is indeed fixed in the interface area by a fixed bearing and thus in a linear direction rigidly on the rail table or on the Armierungsschienen, but a fixed spaced from the fixed bearing part of the coupling member via the Armierungsschienen secured by a movable bearing on the rail table becomes. In this way, no stresses can be introduced into the rail table by the coupling component, so that rail table and coupling component would brace against each other, in particular would warp. Preferably, the interface area is limited to the fixed storage.

In a preferred constructional realization of the invention, the movement machine has at least one further linear axis with a further carriage, wherein the linear axes are connected to one another by coupling the carriages and form a kinematic chain. In particular, a manipulator or a tool is placed on the rail table of the linear axis via the coupling component, so that the rail table is formed as a moving rail table in the automatic movement machine.

Another object of the invention relates to a machine tool, in particular a laser system, with a movement machine for manipulating the tool, wherein the movement machine is formed, as has been previously described.

In the training as a laser system, the tool is designed as a laser device, wherein it is preferably provided that a laser beam of the laser device is aligned parallel to the linear direction of the linear axis. This embodiment has the advantage that any remaining changes in the linear direction of the rail table do not fall heavily into the weight, because due to long focal lengths of the optics of the laser device, the distance between laser device and workpiece or measurement object are not sensitive to tolerance, so that this temperature-based change are neglected can.

Further features, advantages and effects of the invention will become apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment of the invention and the accompanying figures. Showing:

1 a schematic three-dimensional view of a machine tool as a first embodiment of the invention;

2 in the same representation an automatic machine of the machine tool in the 1 ;

3 a schematic three-dimensional partial view of the rail table in the automatic movement of the preceding figures;

4a , b is a schematic cross-sectional view of the rail table in the 3 ;

5 the rail table of the preceding figures with removed reinforcing rails in a three-dimensional representation with deformation lines;

6 the rail table of the preceding figures with reinforcing rails and also with deformation lines;

7 a schematic three-dimensional view of the automatic movement in the 2 with remote coupling part for the representation of the substructure;

8th a schematic illustration for explaining terms.

The 1 shows a schematic three-dimensional representation of a machine tool 1 , formed as a laser system, as an embodiment of the invention. In the presentation in the 1 is the stationary frame of the machine tool 1 graphically suppressed.

The machine tool 1 includes a motion machine 2 on which a tool in the form of a laser device 3 is arranged, which via the motion machine 2 manipulated, in particular can be moved. The laser device 3 generates a laser beam during operation 4 , The machine tool 1 , designed as a laser system, is used for welding components, wherein the components by means of the laser beam 4 be welded. The laser device 3 comprises an optical waveguide coupling for the supply of the laser beam 5 and a scanner device, not shown, in the laser device 3 is integrated.

The motion machine 2 includes a linear axis 6 , which in this example is aligned vertically and / or vertically and / or vertically in its longitudinal extent and over which the laser device 3 can be moved in a Z-direction. Furthermore, the movement machine includes 2 another linear axis 7 which is arranged horizontally or horizontally and which the linear axis 6 in its entirety can move horizontally in an X-direction.

The laser beam 4 is rectified with the travel direction of the linear axis 6 and / or the Z direction.

The further linear axis 7 is - optionally via other linear axes or axes of rotation - with a frame of the machine tool, not shown 1 connected. This results in a kinematic chain, which of the stationary frame, possibly other axes, on the other linear axis 7 and the linear axis 6 to the laser device 3 runs.

In the 2 is the motion machine 2 shown enlarged, with various other components, such as energy chains, the laser device 3 etc. were suppressed for illustration reasons.

The linear axis 6 has a rail table 8th on, on which a carriage 9 is slidably disposed in a linear direction corresponding to the Z direction. The car 9 is via a spindle drive 10 emotional.

The further linear axis 7 has another rail table 11 on, on which another car 12 is arranged horizontally displaceable in the X direction. Furthermore, the other linear axis 7 another spindle drive 13 on which the other car 12 moved in the X direction.

The linear axis 6 and the other linear axis 7 are arranged at right angles to each other and over the carriages 9 . 12 coupled with each other, with the carts 9 . 12 mutually slidingly connected, in particular screwed.

Thus, in a method of the linear axis 6 the rail table 8th in its entirety proceed in the Z direction. In particular, the rail table 8th two free ends on which - depending on the position of the car 9 - Are arranged freely cantilevered.

In the 3 is the rail table 8th with the car 9 shown in another three-dimensional representation, so that the structure of the rail table 8th can be better described.

On the rail table 8th are on a guide rail side F two guide rails 14a , b on a rail carrying body 15 arranged and connected to this. The connection is made by a plurality of screws, not shown, so that the guide rails 14a , B over its entire longitudinal extent in the linear direction non-positively and / or positively and / or flat with the rail carrying body 15 are connected. The car 9 is on the guide rails 14a , B arranged displaceably over a shift range V. The guide rails 14a , b are made of steel to achieve high accuracy and resistance. The rail carrying body 15 On the other hand, it is made of an aluminum alloy around the rail table 8th To make it as easy as possible, since this finally on actuation of the linear axis 6 in its entirety. Thus, the rail table 8th executed in a lightweight construction.

On the guide rail side F opposite Armierungsseite A are two Armierungsschienen 16a , B, which also extend over the entire travel range V and in this embodiment identical in construction to the guide rails 14a , b are formed. The attachment of the reinforcing rails 16a , b takes place in contrast to the guide rails 14a , B via sliding blocks, which in a groove channel of the rail carrying body 15 be used.

The function and the exact arrangement of the reinforcing bars 16a , b will be explained with the help of the following figures.

The 4a , b each show a cross section perpendicular to the linear direction of the rail table 8th , where in the 4a the rail carrying body 15 as well as the guide rails 14a , b and in the 4b also the reinforcing bars 16a , b are shown. The rail carrying body 15 from the aluminum alloy has two edge sections 18a , b and a middle section 19 on, with the edge sections 18a , b are mirror-symmetrical to each other. The middle section 19 is smaller in thickness than the edge portions 18a , b trained. On the edge sections 18a , b is one of the guide notes 14a , b attached and screwed with these.

Due to the material mix of the steel of the guide rails 14a , b and the aluminum alloy of the rail carrying body 15 form the guide rails 14a , b and the rail carrying body 15 a first bimetallic arrangement 20 together.

In the 5 are measured results shown, with the rail table 8th was heated in a simulation by 10 Kelvin from 293 Kelvin to 303 Kelvin. After a simulation time of 18,000 seconds, it was found that due to a curvature of the bimetallic arrangement 20 in a direction perpendicular to the guide rail side F a maximum height offset as a maximum deviation d or orthogonal deviation based on the total length of the rail table 8th of d = 1.85 millimeters was generated. Hereby a position is defined by the position I and the maximum deviation d in the position II is determined by the plane.

Looking at the structure in the 1 , Such a height offset or such a curvature of the rail table leads 8th to that the laser device 3 is also pivoted about an axis parallel to the X direction, so that the laser beam 4 , which is rectified with the Z direction, not only an offset of the same order of magnitude, but even takes a larger offset due to the projection. Thus, in theory, during machining as a function of the temperature, the position of the tool tip of the tool must be on the machine tool 1 be tracked.

The curvature of the first bimetallic arrangement 20 is modeled on the fact that the guide rails 14a , b and the rail carrying body 15 are connected flat to each other and have different thermal expansion coefficients due to the different materials. The aluminum alloy has approximately twice the thermal expansion coefficient as the material steel.

In the 4b is to compensate, in particular suppression, the curvature of the first bimetallic arrangement 20 a pair of reinforcing rails 16a , b as Armierungseinrichtung placed, wherein the reinforcing rails 16a , b identical and also in plan view of the guide rail side F or on the Armierungsseite A congruent to the guide rails 14a , b are arranged.

Through the reinforcing rails 16a , b becomes common with the rail support body 15 a second bimetallic arrangement 21 formed, which in case of a change in temperature, a counter-curvature to the curvature of the first bimetallic arrangement 20 generated. Due to the symmetrical arrangement of the first and the second bimetallic arrangement 20 . 21 Curvature and counterbending compensate each other, resulting in a resulting total curvature of the rail table 8th very low or even completely suppressed.

In the 6 is a simulation result to the rail table 8th in the 4b The simulated conditions were simulated by simulating a temperature difference of 20 Kelvin, namely from 288 Kelvin to 308 Kelvin. The simulation results were recorded after a time t = 36,000 seconds. The results of the simulation show that the bending or orthogonal deviation is only 0.042 millimeters at a temperature difference of 20 Kelvin. If one compares this with the first simulation results, which only simulated a temperature difference of 10 Kelvin, the result is a reduction of the bending by a factor of 10.

In this way it is thus possible, with a low design effort, a temperature-compensated linear axis 6 to provide, which does not pivot even at temperature changes during operation at their free ends.

It is in this context again underline that through the reinforcing bars 16a , b the longitudinal extent is only slightly affected. By contrast, the curvature leading to a significantly larger tool tip offset is almost completely compensated. Further simulations have shown that when over-dimensioning the reinforcing bars 16a , b is a counterbending, so the rail table 8th is overcompensated and the tool tip may shift by the same amount in an opposite direction. Thus, it is a question of dimensioning of the reinforcing bars 16a , b, that these act as a reinforcing direction, that curvature and counterbending of the first and the second bimetallic arrangement 20 . 21 Compensate against each other.

The reinforcement shown in the figures Armierungsschienen 16a , b is structurally particularly easy to use because of the identical dimensioning of guide rails 14a , b and reinforcing rails 16a , B and their congruent arrangement in a particularly simple manner the compensation effect is achieved. In modified embodiments, the reinforcing device may also be designed differently. However, the reinforcement must always be designed so that the bending forces of the bimetallic arrangements 20 . 21 cancel each other out.

In the 2 and in the 7 are the reinforcing bars 16a , b shown again. Moreover, in the 2 a coupling component 22 shown on the rail table 8th is fixed and - optionally with the interposition of other components - the tool in the form of the laser device 3 wearing. The coupling component 22 is also made of an aluminum alloy, so that in this area of the kinematic chain, the difficulty of a different thermal expansion of the coupling component 22 from the aluminum alloy and the temperature-compensated rail table 8th can result.

In the 7 is the coupling component 22 graphically suppressed to its attachment to the rail table 8th to show better. From the 7 It can be seen that the attachment of the coupling part 22 carried out by a fixed-lot storage, the fixed storage 23 to one with respect to the linear or Z direction of the linear axis 6 extends over a very narrow area. In particular, the fixed storage 23 to the area of two screws set at the same height 24 limited, over which the coupling component 22 at the rail table 8th , in particular the rail carrying body 15 or the guide rails 14a , b is attached.

Furthermore, the coupling component 22 about a floating bearing 25 attached, with the floating bearing 25 through an interaction of the reinforcing rails 16a , b and storage cart 26 implemented. The storage cars 26 are in the linear direction of the linear axis 6 , in particular in the Z direction, designed to be displaceable, so that a temperature-induced change in length of the coupling component 22 by a method of storage cart 26 can be compensated in the linear direction. Due to this special structural design, the reinforcing bars 16a , b be supplied to another function. Advantage of this embodiment is that no stresses and thus bending forces by the coupling component 22 in the rail table 8th can be introduced. A change in temperature thus only leads to a change in length of the coupling component 22 where, as already described, the linear direction is rectified to the direction of the laser beam 4 is, so that this results in only a focal position offset or an offset of the tool tip in the Z direction, but no lateral offset.

The 8th shows a schematic illustration for explaining an analytical estimate of the orthogonal deflection d of the rail table 8th without compensating reinforcing bars 16a , b in the model of a simplified bimetallic arrangement due to the thermal curvature.

In the 8th is the bimetallic arrangement in a unheated, straight initial shape as 27a and in a shape curved due to heat with a curvature 1 / R 27b shown in a very schematic way. The bimetallic arrangement 27a , b is clamped at the position X, so that the area between the position X and the free end or the distal point A can be regarded as a free length L of the bimetallic arrangement. At the rail table 8th The free length L corresponds to the area between the position of the carriage 9 as a restraint and the free end of the rail table 8th or the floating bearing 25 ,

The thermal curvature of the bimetallic arrangement is generally calculated to 1 / R = c ₁ · ΔT where c1 represents a constant which is dependent on the material constants (coefficient of thermal expansion and modulus of elasticity) of the materials of the bimetallic arrangement and the structural design of the bimetallic arrangement.

The orthogonal distance d, namely the distance of the free end or distal point A of the heated bimetallic arrangement 27b to the bimetallic arrangement 27a measured as solder on the bimetallic arrangement 27a in the initial state is expressed in terms of the free length L as a circular sector arc in radians: L = R · φ calculated as follows: d = R - R · cosφ = R (1 - cosφ) with φ = L / R => d = R (1 - cos L / R) (1)

The curvature K defined as the reciprocal value of radius R inserted in (1) yields: d = 1 - cos ( L K ) / K (2)

According to the small angle approximation:

The orthogonal deflection d at the rail table 8th due to the thermal curvature of the first bimetal assembly 20 is due to the counteracting thermal curvature of the second bimetallic assembly 21 compensated.

In the in the 1 shown machine tool 1 becomes the advantage of compensating reinforcing devices 16a , b, as part of the second bimetallic arrangement 21 still underlined by the fact that due to the laser beam 4 as an example of a tool with a large machining distance in the machine tool 1 gives a pointer effect that enhances the effect of the orthogonal deflection d on the position of the tool tip due to a pointer action.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

machine tool

2

motion Machine

3

laser device

4

laser beam

5

Optical fiber coupling

6

linear axis

7

linear axis

8th

rail table

9

dare

10

spindle drive

11

rail table

12

dare

13

spindle drive

14a, b

guide rails

15

Rail support body

16a, b

Armierungsschienen

17

is missing

18a, b

edge sections

19

midsection

20

bimetal

21

bimetal

22

coupling member

23

fixed bearing

24

screw

25

loose mounting

26

storage trolley

27a, b

bimetal

A

Armierungsseite

F

Guide rail side

V

displacement range

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102010003303 A1 [0004]

Claims (15)

Motion machine ( 2 ) with at least one linear axis ( 6 ), whereby the linear axis ( 6 ) a rail table ( 8th ), wherein the rail table ( 8th ) a rail carrying body ( 15 ) of a carrier material and at least one guide rail ( 14a , b) comprises a rail material, wherein the guide rail ( 14a , b) on a guide rail side (F) of the rail carrying body ( 15 ), wherein the linear axis ( 6 ) a wagon ( 9 ), the car ( 9 ) on the at least one guide rail ( 14a , b) is arranged to be movable in a linear movement in a travel range (V), wherein the rail table ( 8th ) an interface area ( 23 ) for connecting the rail table ( 8th ) in the motion machine ( 2 ), wherein the interface area ( 23 ) in the linear direction only over a portion of the total length of the rail table ( 8th ) and / or the at least one guide rail ( 14a , b), characterized in that the rail table ( 8th ) a reinforcing device ( 16a , b) comprises a reinforcing material, wherein the reinforcing device ( 16a , b) on one of the guide rail side (F) facing away from the armor side (A) of the rail carrying body ( 15 ), wherein the arming device ( 16a , b) in the linear direction over the interface area ( 23 ) and over the travel range (V) of the car ( 9 ), wherein the arming device ( 16a , b) is formed, a resulting from a change in temperature (delta_T) curvature of a first Bimaterialanordnung ( 20 ) from the rail carrying body ( 15 ) and the at least one guide rail ( 14a , b) by a counterbending of a second bimaterial arrangement resulting from the change in temperature (delta_T) ( 21 ) from the rail carrying body ( 15 ) and the reinforcing device ( 16a , b) to compensate. Motion machine ( 2 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier material or the rail material is formed as metal. Motion machine ( 2 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the carrier material and the rail material are formed as metal, so that the first Bimaterialanordnung ( 20 ) as a bimetal arrangement ( 20 ) is trained. Motion machine ( 2 ) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the carrier material and the reinforcing material are formed as metal, so that the second Bimaterialanordnung ( 21 ) as a bimetal arrangement ( 21 ) is trained. Motion machine ( 2 ) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the carrier material as an aluminum alloy and / or that the rail material is formed as steel. Motion machine ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcing device ( 16a , b) is designed to compensate for the curvature such that the maximum deviation (d) of the rail table (d) resulting from the temperature change (delta_T) ( 15 ) between the position (I) of the interface area and any position (II) of the carriage ( 9 ) in the travel range (V) satisfies the following inequality:

with: deltad maximum deviation or orthogonal deflection in mm; c constant, where c <0.005, preferably c <0.003, delta_T temperature change in KL distance between the position in m. Motion machine ( 2 ) according to claim 6, characterized in that the linear axis ( 6 ) is temperature compensated at least in a temperature range between 0 degrees Celsius and 60 degrees Celsius. Motion machine ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcing material is formed of the same material and / or of a material having the same coefficient of thermal expansion as the carrier material. Motion machine ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the reinforcing device ( 16a , b) is dimensioned perpendicular to the linear direction in such a way that during the temperature change (delta_T) the same tensile force as through the at least one guide rail ( 14a , b) is formed. Motion machine ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the reinforcing device ( 16a , b) at least one reinforcing strip ( 16a , b), wherein each of the at least one guide rails ( 14a , b) one of the reinforcing strips ( 16a , b) is assigned. Motion machine ( 2 ) according to claim 10, characterized in that the reinforcing strips ( 16a , b) congruent with the guide rails ( 14a , b) are arranged. Motion machine ( 2 ) according to claim 10 or 11, characterized in that the reinforcing strips as reinforcing rails ( 16a , b) are formed. Motion machine ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by a coupling component ( 22 ), and at least one storage cart ( 26 ), the storage cart ( 26 ) in the linear direction displaceable on the reinforcing rails ( 16a , b), wherein the coupling component ( 22 ) consists of an aluminum alloy and in the interface area via a fixed-fixed mounting with the rail table ( 8th ), whereby a fixed storage ( 23 ) by a fixed coupling with the rail table ( 8th ) or the reinforcing rails ( 16a , b) and the floating bearing by a coupling with the storage cart ( 26 ) is implemented. Motion machine ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized by at least one further linear axis ( 7 ) with another car ( 12 ), whereby the linear axes ( 6 . 7 ) by coupling the car ( 9 . 12 ) are interconnected. Machine tool ( 1 ) with a tool ( 3 ), the machine tool ( 1 ) an automatic movement machine ( 2 ) according to one of the preceding claims.

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