DE102013021037A1 - Preßschneckenseparator with device and method for safe comminution of Feststoffpfropfen at the outlet of the spring-operated double flaps. The support bearing of the worm shaft located behind the device is thus permanently protected against the ingress of abrasive particles. - Google Patents

Abstract

Press screw separator for dewatering fluids containing solids e.g. B. of liquid manure or substrate from biogas plants. The pumpable medium to be separated is fed from above to the machine housing chamber. The worm mounted horizontally in the machine housing rotates electrically driven about its axis of rotation and promotes the fluid with the solid in the area of the cylindrical slotted screen. The slotted screen encases the press screw and forms a certain gap with the lateral surfaces of the screw flights. Due to the rotation and the associated propulsion, the unbound liquid component escapes continuously through the cracks in the sieve and runs out through an opening at the bottom of the machine housing.
The more or less dewatered solid content reaches the end of the screw flights, passes between the frontal screw flights, is due to the wedge effect of the same, compressed and further dehydrated. Due to the continuous entry of solids, the solid plug slides against the resistance of the spring-operated flaps through the compression and dewatering section, until the Separatoraustritt.
There are two types of bearing principles of the worm shaft.
1) The worm shaft is mounted on the drive side in the hollow shaft of the gearbox and has on the opposite side, the side of Feststoffpfropfen, no storage. The worm shaft thus runs cantilevered. In operation, the compressed solid plug takes over the function of a quasi plain bearing. The advantage is that the end of the worm shaft ends in the void and the hollow cylindrical Feststoffpfropfen falls into the open. The disadvantage is that with less solid grafting the bearing is insufficient, the worm shaft unduly deflect and can damage the slotted screen.
2) The worm shaft is mounted on the drive side in the hollow shaft of the transmission and has on the opposite side, the side of Feststoffpfropfen an elongated core shaft having a journal at the end. The bearing housing is extended beyond the ejection area so that the Feststoffpfropfen can go down. Practice has shown that the hollow cylindrical solid plug can be so firmly compressed and does not disintegrate due to the supporting effect on the elongated tube. This can lead to backwater, until clogging of the machine. It would require a disproportionate extension of the bearing housing and the pipe socket. The desired stiffening of the bearing would be mitigated because the extended tube can not be increased in diameter arbitrarily. This is where the invention starts. A milling cone fixedly connected to the worm shaft continuously shreds the solid plug directly after the ejection flaps. The distances to the support bearing are short and correspondingly stiff the worm shaft bearing, given geometry.

Description

State of the art

• – Kläranlagen, auch im kommunalen Bereich
• – Biogasanlagen, vor und oder nach der Fermentation
• – Landwirtschaftliche Betriebe mit Tierhaltung (Gülle)
• – Schlachthöfe
• – Brauereien, und viele mehr.

Press screw separators are used in particular where solid fractions from a fluid are / are required to be filtered. Reasons may be economic, procedural or environmental nature. Important fields of application of such separators are:

• - sewage treatment plants, also in the municipal area
• - Biogas plants, before and / or after fermentation
• - Farms with animal husbandry (liquid manure)
• - slaughterhouses
• - Breweries, and many more.

In all cases, the solid fraction should be filtered out of the fluid to get a more differentiated reuse of the different phases. Motivation is the different prices of the phases in a further processing as well as in the disposal.

The state of the art is represented by the patents DE 10 2011 111 860 A1 or im EP 0 367 037 B1 described.

Operation of the machine

The fluid (I) with more or less many solids (III) is the separator from above, usually via a purpose designed connection ( 3.2 ), fed. The feed takes place by means of pipelines or conveyor belts. In addition to the liquid, also pulpy substrates (eg bovine rumen contents, grains from breweries, etc.) may be separated.

The fluid ideally fills the entire interior of the separator housing, wherein the design of the housing in the region of the filler neck (B) is such that the housing a filling channel ( 3.2 ), which opens the entire diameter of the worm shaft and that the axial housing bore ( 3.3 ) at the filling flange ( 3.2 ) only slightly larger than the outer diameter of the screw flights ( 7.2 ) is. The housing thus encloses the screw and forms, as it were, a screw tube.

After a small distance, the housing expands and provides space for the on the worm shaft ( 7.0 ) plugged cylindrical slotted screen ( 5.2 ). The gap between the inner diameter of the screen and the outer diameter of the worm shaft is small. So that the screen does not rotate with the shaft, this has at least one stop bar on the outer diameter ( 5.3 ) on the housing body 5.4 ) and thus serves as a torque arm.

In the area of the slotted screen length (C), the liquid components (arrow I) are separated from the solid particles (arrow III). The liquid portions of the fluid (arrow II) penetrate radially through the slots of the screen body 5.2 ) and collect in the bottom of the interior of the housing ( 5.0 ).

Via a generously dimensioned outlet ( 5.1 ) at the bottom of the slotted screen housing, the liquid is discharged and supplied for further purpose use.

Solid particles (III), which did not flow off through the slotted screen, are absorbed by the electrically driven ( 1.0 ) Auger shaft ( 7.0 ) axially for solids ejection ( 6.0 ). The slotted screen protrudes beyond the worm wings and hits an end plate ( 6.4 ) at.

In this area of the slotted screen, a plug (D) is formed, due to the steady feed of the screw shaft, which to a certain degree continuously condenses and moves continuously towards the ejection (E). During compaction, the wet solids are further dehydrated.

The passage diameter of the front plate ( 6.4 ) is chosen only slightly smaller or the same as the screen inner diameter. This ensures that the slotted screen is secured axially and the solid plug is kept in shape.

Following the end plate there is an outer limiting tube ( 6.1 ). Here, the solids are further compressed and dewatered.

It has been found that a spring-actuated adjustable double flap resistance ( 6.2 ) at the solids ejection ( 6.0 ) increases process stability. Without back pressure, the plug can break through or be ejected too wet.

Depending on the medium, only an adapted resistance to solid material leads to satisfactory results.

A heavily compressed and thus relatively dry Feststoffpfropfen (D) usually decays over a longer distance not without external influence. Ie. the solid plug slides after leaving the discharge flaps ( 6.2 ) without outer boundary on the core tube ( 7.1 ) of the worm shaft, up to the bearing housing of the worm shaft, abuts there and can cause a disturbance because no departure takes place.

Through the use of the milling cone shown in the invention ( 10.0 ) A device is provided which acts on the Feststoffpfropfen so that it can reliably crushed and depart.

The invention and its advantages

It has been found that in some applications only with double-sided worm shaft ( 8.0 + 11.0 ) a satisfactory basket life can be achieved. The Feststoffpfropfen is partially inhomogeneous and can meet the required requirements of a support bearing ( 11.0 ) do not always meet. There is an inadmissibly high deflection of the worm shaft. Due to the small clearance between the outer diameter of the rotating screw flights and the standing slotted screen, contact occurs and thus disproportionate wear on the expensive screen.

State of the art are machines with a counter-rotating worm shaft ( 11.0 ). As a problem, it has been found that the Feststoffpfropfen (D) due to its consistency and supported by the core tube of the worm shaft, over a long distance, does not decompose by itself. The hollow cylindrical plug slides along the core tube until it reaches the storage case ( 11.0 ). It comes to backwater. The machine is clogged. It comes to the disruption of the process, which must be laboriously eliminated. The invention shown here solves the problem such that a conical body ( 10.0 ) with a small distance to the discharge flaps ( 6.2 ) is mounted on the worm shaft. The outer diameter corresponds approximately to the diameter of the slotted screen, the small diameter of the hollow cone is located closer to the discharge flaps than the large diameter. The outer surface of the cone has several evenly spaced longitudinal grooves that break up the structure from the solid plug.

Firm but releasable and axially displaceable on the core tube, the milling cone ( 10.0 ) with the worm shaft ( 7.0 ) connected. As a result, the rotation of the worm shaft is impressed on it.

After emerging from the firmly pressed, hollow cylindrical Feststoffpfropfen from the spring-operated ejection flaps, this pushes on the core tube of the worm shaft to the milling cone. Upon reaching the lateral surface of the milling cone and its grooves, creates a reib-positive situation between Feststoffpfropfen and the milling cone. The short fiber structure of the solid plug ruptures and falls down. A winding is not possible due to the short solid fibers. The crushing process is continuous without maintenance.

Description of the embodiment

• – Gehäuse (bestehend aus Einfüllteil (3.0) und Siebteil (5.0),
• – Spaltsieb mit Drehmomentstütze (5.2, 5.3, 5.4)
• – Schneckenwelle (7.0)
• – Antriebseinheit (1.0)
• – Feststoffauswurf mit federbetätigtem Klappenwiderstand (6.0)
• – Fräskegel (10.0)
• – Stützlager der Schneckenwelle (11.0)

On a support frame, which provides with holes for screwing to the ground, pedestal or frame, the actual separator is flanged. The main components are:

• - housing (consisting of filling part ( 3.0 ) and sieve part ( 5.0 )
• - Slotted screen with torque arm ( 5.2 . 5.3 . 5.4 )
• - worm shaft ( 7.0 )
• Drive unit ( 1.0 )
• - solids ejection with spring-actuated flap resistance ( 6.0 )
• - milling cone ( 10.0 )
• - support bearing of the worm shaft ( 11.0 )

The separator housing is formed by the filling part ( 3.0 ) and the sieve part ( 5.0 ). The two parts are screwed together on the front side, so that the main inner diameter of a common axis ( 9.1 ) form. On this common axis are also the hollow shaft bore of the worm shaft drive ( 1.0 ), as well as the main axis of the cylindrical slotted screen ( 5.2 ) and the solids ejection group ( 6.0 ).

The on the hollow shaft ( 1.1 ) inserted worm shaft ( 7.0 ) uses their storage to absorb the radial forces. The thrust bearing unit ( 8.0 ). The worm shaft ( 7.0 ) is in Kragender construction with bearings (bearing hollow shaft, 1.1 ) and from the warehouse ( 8.1 ) stored. The hollow-cylindrical solid plug (D1) in the outlet of the machine, which forms continuously during operation, is provided at its outer diameter by a tubular outer boundary (FIG. 6.1 ) educated.

The inner diameter of the hollow cylindrical Feststoffpfroppfens (D) is formed by the core tube ( 6.1 ) of the worm shaft. In the course of the core tube goes in a journal ( 7.3 ) and ends after the center bore of the rolling bearing. The rolling bearing in turn is connected to a support frame fixedly connected to the machine frame ( 11.0 ), so that the influence of the moving over the process time center of inhomogeneous Feststoffpfropfenlager and thus the axis of rotation ( 9.1 ) of the worm shaft is caught.

The Feststoffpfropfen compared to the in patent DE 10 2011 111 860 A1 namely, that the discharge-side support (D1) of the worm shaft exclusively and continuously from the solid particles (III) of the fluid (I), of the rotating worm shaft ( 7.0 ) is no longer valid. There it is described that by the static pressure in the plug and the exact axial alignment of the tubular outer boundary ( 6.1 ), a centric to the worm shaft acting. "Bearing box" sets. These Function fulfilled in the embodiment described here, the support bearing previously shown. The Feststoffpfropfen only has the task to reliably shut off the passage of liquid to the outside.

The slotted screen ( 5.2 ) forms with the filling part ( 3.0 ) a bicameral system. In the space of the inner diameter is the fluid to be dehydrated with the solid particles. In the space between the outer diameter of the screen and the inner wall of the housing ( 5.0 ) flows through the sieve column (S) escaping separated wastewater (II). The non-effluent solids (III) are from the screw shaft ( 7.0 ), continuously to the ejection area ( 6.0 ). This is a steady drainage instead. The snail wings ( 7.2 ) end within the slit screen length (C). Here, the solid plug (D1) begins to build up. The auger blade ends (C | D1) continuously press the solids that are constantly arriving in the process towards the outlet. Within the plug, a considerable pressure forms, so that a further dehydration of the solids takes place and finally the flaps of the solids ejection device ( 6.2 , E) leave. The flap mechanism is adjustable sprung and thus has the same flap position a variable resistance, which determines the plug internal pressure and thus the degree of dewatering.

Via a filler neck ( 3.2 ), the fluid to be separated (I) with the solids content passes continuously into the filling chamber ( 3.0 ). The of a flange gear motor unit ( 1.0 ), rotating, sealed at the bearing points, against the environment ( 4.0 , D1) Auger shaft ( 7.0 , B) drives the fluid (I) to the slotted screen ( 5.2 ). There, the liquid portion (C) escapes through the gaps (S) on the screen jacket, which collects on the housing bottom ( 5.0 ) and is the outflow ( 5.1 ). The solids content (III) in the fluid (I) increases. The worm wings end (C | D). It begins to form the Feststoffpfropfen (D1), which is further dewatered and compacted in the further course. With the spring-loaded flaps ( 6.2 ), the on-resistance can be adjusted and thus the Feststoffpfropfendruck and degree of drying can be adjusted. After leaving the double flaps ( 6.2 ) pushes the axially, but not rotating Feststoffpfropfen on the tube core of the screw shaft to the stationary, but rotating Fräskegel ( 10.0 ). Upon encountering the solid plug with the milling cone, the structure is ruptured by the plug into small pieces and free to fall down.

The further use of the solids (III) is very diverse and ranges from z. As the process recycling, biogas plant feed, plant fertilization and alone the reduction of fee-based transport or substrate quality in the thermal end use.

drawings

1 : Side view in section. Representation of the individual functional areas of the separator

2 : Top view

3 : Cross section through sieve part at waste water outlet (II)

4 : Milling taper with device from the support bearing

Designation of the functional areas

• A:

  Drive, axial bearing, sealing

  B:

  filling area

  C:

  Separation, drainage

  D:

  Grafting, drainage

  D1:

  Pfropfenlager

  e:

  Solid ejection, thickening, milling cone

  F:

  storage support

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1.0

drive unit

1.1

Hollow shaft of the drive unit

2.0

undercarriage

3.0

introduction part

3.1

Drain, fissured water

3.2

fill opening

3.3

Bore-well

4.0

locking device

5.0

phloem

5.1

Wastewater drainage

5.2

slot screen

5.3

stop bar

5.4

housing stop

6.0

Solids discharge

6.1

pipe section

6.2

Spring operated double flap

6.3

bearing block

6.4

spring housing

7.0

worm shaft

7.1

Center shaft of the worm; Core shaft, core tube

7.2

screw flights

7.3

pivot

7.4

Axial lock, worm shaft

8.0

axial bearing

8.1

Locking device against fluid

9.0

miscellaneous

9.1

Common axis

9.2

inner space

9.3

outer space

10.0

Crushing device, milling cone

10.1

Groove in the milling cone

11.0

support bearings

11.1

bearing housing

11.2

roller bearing

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102011111860 A1 [0003, 0025]
• EP 0367037 B1 [0003]

Claims (1)

The improvement presented in the claims is preferably used in press-screw separators for dewatering solids-containing fluids. The pumpable medium to be separated is continuously fed through a feed opening (FIG. 3.2 ) fed from above and from a driven, preferably horizontal, about its axis of rotation ( 9.1 ) rotating worm shaft ( 7.0 ), to the filter chamber (C). There is the worm shaft of a cylindrical screen body ( 5.2 ) with a small gap to the worm wings ( 7.2 ) surround. Liquid portions of the medium escape along the drainage path through the gaps (s) of the screen and flow down through the machine housing. The remaining solid aqueous components are carried from the rotating screw flights to their ends. The end faces of the wedge-shaped worm wings take over the further compression and propulsion of the solid still strongly aqueous components. At the exit of the machine are two flaps ( 6.2 ), which close the ejection opening. Incoming solid particles press against the spring-actuated flaps ( 6.4 ). Due to the adjustable backflow effect of the flaps, a Feststoffpfropfen (D) forms, which condenses more and more due to the wedge effect of the frontal screw flights, and naturally further dehydrated. When pressure equilibrium, the flaps start to open, the compressed and drained solid plug is pushed out of the machine. Depending on the consistency, this decays after leaving the double flaps, or gets over a longer distance, reaches the support bearing suspension ( 11.1 ) and can lead to process jam or machine damage. This is where the advantage of the invention: 1. Worm shaft for pressing and discharging the solid constituents of a previously dewatered by Siebkörper fluid, characterized in that the worm shaft ( 7.0 ) a thickening ( 10.0 ) extending from the core shaft ( 7.1 ) of the worm shaft ( 7.0 ), up to beyond the Siebkorbdurchmesser addition, can extend. 2. worm shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that the thickening over the entire circumference, or partially similar to a finger extends. Preferably, the thickening ( 10.0 ) cone-like, with the advantage of a complete shielding of the underlying storage ( 11.1 ) to obtain. Due to the conical shape of the hollow cylindrical Feststoffpfropfen undergoes an expansion from the inside out. In addition, supported by the rotation of the cone, the short-fiber structure of the plug (D) ruptures, so that this decays in the effective range of the milling cone. 3. worm shaft according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the thickening, contours ( 10.1 ), which promotes the comminution of the solid plug. Convenient contours are located on the surface of the thickening and can rise or deepen and appear mixed. Recessed contours may have at least a groove-like, as well as a helical or spiral shape. Raised contours can have at least one strip-like, dome-shaped, helical or spiral shape. The contours may be partial or continuous. The orientation of the contour is such that a favorable cutter-like geometry is created. A mix of contour shapes can improve the functionality of the thickening. 4. worm shaft according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the thickening is fixedly connected to the core shaft. The connection can be made in permanent as well as in detachable design. 5. Apparatus according to claim 1, 2 and 4, characterized in that the thickening is arranged with releasable connection axially displaceable. Preferably, the device is located at a short distance from the ejection flaps ( 6.2 ). 6. Apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, characterized in that the rotation axis ( 9.1 ) of the worm shaft as the center of a frame or stationary thickening ( 10.0 ) serves. The thickening can be fixed or motorized. 7. Method, characterized in that is torn open by the use of a screw shaft with thickening of the solid plug. Process jams are avoided, the support bearing protected.

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