DE102013017932A1 - Buffer unit, spring-damper device and motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a buffer unit (2) for a spring damper device of a motor vehicle with at least one partially elastic buffer means (8) arranged between a vehicle frame (4) and a transverse or trailing arm (6) of the motor vehicle rotatably mounted on the vehicle frame (4) along a main extension direction (10) (10) can be arranged or arranged, with at least one fixing means (16) by which the buffer means (8) on the vehicle frame (4) or on the transverse or trailing arm (6) can be fixed, wherein the buffer means a in the main extension direction (10) free end in an unactuated basic position in which the angle between the vehicle frame (4) and transverse or trailing arm (6) is maximum, at least almost on the transverse or trailing arm (6) or on the vehicle frame (4) indirectly or directly rests, and with at least one at least transversely to the main extension direction (10) rigid guide element (14) in or on the buffer means (8) can be arranged or arranged.

Description

The invention relates to a buffer unit for a spring damper device of a motor vehicle, a spring damper device with such a buffer unit and a motor vehicle with such a spring damper device and / or with such a buffer unit.

Buffer units or spring damper devices serve to absorb forces acting on the motor vehicle during operation of the motor vehicle and to take them into the bodywork.

In known motor vehicles, the spring-damper device comprises a damping unit, a spring unit and a buffer unit. The buffer units serve to support the spring unit or the damping unit and absorb energy when a force acting on the motor vehicle force is exceeded.

There are motor vehicles are known in which spring unit, damping unit and buffer unit are arranged parallel and spaced from each other. The buffer unit is stump-like trained and gets into contact with the transverse or trailing arm or the vehicle frame of the motor vehicle only after exceeding a certain spring or Dämpfweges. In such buffer units sufficient spring or Dämpfweg must be provided to accommodate the expected maximum loads can. This proves to be disadvantageous in that in modern motor vehicles, in which the total resistance of the motor vehicle is attempted to be minimized by a reduction in the overall height, is limited by the spring or Dämpfweg vorzuhaltenden.

In addition, motor vehicles are known in which the buffer unit is arranged in the damping unit such that it continues in the main direction of extension of the damping unit. In such cases, an amplification of the damper mount should be provided, which proves to be expensive and expensive.

An object of an embodiment of the invention is to propose a buffer unit, a spring-damper device and a motor vehicle, which builds compact and whose spring or Dämpfweg is reduced.

The object is achieved by a buffer unit for a spring damper device of a motor vehicle having at least one at least partially elastic buffer means which can be arranged or arranged along a main extension direction between a vehicle frame and a transverse or trailing arm of the motor vehicle arranged rotatably on the vehicle frame, with at least one fixing means, by which the buffer means on the vehicle frame or on the transverse or trailing arm can be fixed, wherein the buffer means with a free end in the main direction in an unconfirmed basic position in which the angle between the vehicle frame and transverse or trailing arm is maximum, at least almost on the transverse or trailing arm or on the vehicle frame directly or indirectly, and with at least one at least transversely to the main extension direction rigid guide element, which can be arranged or arranged in or on the buffer means.

The main extension direction is substantially parallel to the spring or Dämpfweg the spring-damper device.

The unactuated basic position corresponds to the position of the transverse or trailing arm with respect to the vehicle frame in the empty state.

In the present case, a gap between the buffer means and the transverse or trailing arm or vehicle frame is also to be understood as being at least virtually adjacent.

The fact that the buffer means is fixed on the one hand to the vehicle frame or on the transverse or trailing arm and with the free other end at least almost to the respective other component, so the transverse or trailing arm or the vehicle frame, rests, a force absorption by the buffer unit is already achieved after a small spring or Dämpfweg.

As a result of the interaction with the damping unit and / or the spring unit of the spring damper device, one of the spring or damping travel can thereby be reduced and the motor vehicle can be designed with a lesser overall height. In such case, the air resistance of the motor vehicle can be reduced.

Characterized in that in or on the buffer means a guide element can be arranged, a deflection of the buffer means, in particular a kinking to the side, is prevented transversely to the main extension direction.

In the case of known buffer units, the buffering agent is only used when the motor vehicle is fully loaded, that is, when, for example, four to five passengers and / or high loads are loaded. Here a residual wheel travel at full load is minimal. The fact that the buffer means in the unactuated basic position, at least almost directly on the transverse or trailing arm or the vehicle frame or directly applied, the difference between the bike path without payload and Restradweg can be kept low.

In principle, it is conceivable for the guide element to guide the buffer means like a rail or surround it like a sleeve. When the guide means surrounds the buffer means, it proves to be advantageous if the distance of the inner surface of the guide element to the outer surface of the buffer means in the unactuated basic position is selected such that a compression of the buffer means and an optionally associated increase in the cross-section of the buffer means across to the main extension direction is made possible at least substantially trouble-free.

However, guide element and buffer means can be formed compact, if the buffer means comprises at least one extending in the main direction of extension, in particular centrally arranged recess, within which the guide element can be arranged or arranged.

In principle, it is conceivable that, when the guide element is arranged in a recess of the buffer means, as seen in the main extension direction is enclosed by the buffer means at the two ends. Furthermore, it is conceivable that the buffer means comprises an opening at least at one of its ends arranged in the main extension direction, through which the recess is accessible from the outside. In one embodiment of the buffer unit, it is provided that the buffer means at the two ends in the main direction of extension each comprise an opening through which the recess is accessible from the outside.

The guide element may for example be fixed to the buffer means. If the guide element is fixable with its first end on the fixing means, the second end may be substantially free. If the second end can be fixed to a holding means of the transverse or trailing arm or to the vehicle frame, transverse forces can be readily absorbed by the guide element. Furthermore, it proves to be advantageous if the at least one guide element is arranged in the unconfirmed basic position with its second end in the main extension direction without overlapping in or on the buffer means and / or if the at least one guide element, the buffer means at least in the buffer position at least with its second end in the main extension direction surmounted.

If the at least one guide element is arranged in the unactuated basic position with its second end without overlapping in the buffer means, the guide element does not project out of the buffer means in the unactuated basic position. In such a case, the second end of the guide element in the unactuated basic position is not fixed to a holding means on the transverse or trailing arm or on the vehicle frame.

If the at least one guide means projects beyond the buffer means in the buffer position, it can be fixed in the unactuated basic position to a holding means on the transverse or trailing arm or on the vehicle frame.

In addition, it proves to be advantageous if the guide element is at least rotatable with the first end, in particular articulated or ball joint-like, or rotationally fixed to the fixing means and / or if the guide element rotatable at least with the second end, in particular joint or ball joint-like, or rotatably fixed to the holding means can be fixed.

In such a case, the guide element is movable and can perform a compensation movement in reducing the trapped between transverse or trailing arm and vehicle body angle.

In order to be able to further compensate for the circular arc-shaped movement when reducing the angle between the transverse or trailing arm and body, in an embodiment of the buffer unit it is provided that the fixing means and / or the retaining means comprises a sliding bearing, by means of which the guide element is movable in the main extension direction ,

In this case, the guide element can be moved in or counter to the direction of movement, whereby at least almost no forces can be absorbed by the guide element in the main direction of extension.

Furthermore, the guide element may comprise a rod, rod or circular arcuate or curved guide section.

In addition, in one embodiment of the buffer unit is provided that the guide element is at least in the main extension direction with respect to its longitudinal extent variable, in particular extendible, compressible and / or telescopic.

As a result, a movement of the vehicle frame is also possible with respect to the transverse or trailing arm, without this forces in the main extension direction must be absorbed by the guide element.

In principle, it is conceivable that a reinforcing element is provided on the vehicle frame or on the transverse or trailing arm. The buffer unit can be produced reduced component, if the Fixing means and / or the holding means forms a reinforcing element for the vehicle frame and / or for the transverse or trailing arm.

In order to prevent the ingress of dirt and / or moisture, the buffer unit comprises in one embodiment at least one, in particular flexibly bendable protective element, which is fixable to a holding means facing the end of the buffer means and the holding means.

The protective element may for example be accordion-like on the transverse or trailing arm or the vehicle frame on the one hand and the buffer means or on the guide element on the other hand be arranged and allow a transfer of the buffer unit from the unactuated initial position in the buffer position substantially resistance.

In addition, the object is achieved by a spring-damper device of a motor vehicle with at least one damping unit, with at least one spring unit and at least one buffer unit, in particular with at least one of the aforementioned features, the at least one at least partially elastic buffer means between a vehicle frame and a rotatably arranged on the vehicle frame transverse or trailing arm of the motor vehicle along a main extension direction can be arranged or arranged, the at least one fixing means by which the buffer means on the vehicle frame or on the transverse or trailing arm can be fixed, wherein the buffer means with a free end in the main extension direction in an unactuated Basic position in which the angle between the vehicle frame and transverse or trailing arm is a maximum, at least almost directly on the transverse or trailing arm or the vehicle frame rests directly or indirectly, and the at least one at least transversely to R main extension direction comprises rigid guide element, which can be arranged or arranged in or on the buffer means.

Finally, the object is achieved by a motor vehicle with at least one vehicle frame, with at least one transverse or trailing arm, with at least one spring damper device, in particular with at least one of the aforementioned features, and / or with at least one buffer unit, in particular with at least one of aforementioned features.

The buffer unit, the spring-damper device and the motor vehicle prove to be advantageous in several respects.

Due to the fact that the buffer means of the buffer unit rests in the unactuated basic position at least almost on both sides on the transverse or trailing arm as well as on the vehicle frame, forces are absorbed by the buffer unit even at small angle changes between transverse or trailing arm and vehicle frame. As a result, the travel or damping travel from the unactuated basic position to the buffer position can be reduced. As a result, the motor vehicle can be produced with a lower vehicle height.

Further features, details and advantages can be taken from the attached patent claims, from the drawings and the following description of a preferred embodiment of the buffer unit.

In the drawing shows:

1 a sectional view of a first embodiment of the buffer unit;

2 a sectional view of a second embodiment of the buffer unit;

3 a sectional view of a third embodiment of the buffer unit;

4 a sectional view of a fourth embodiment of the buffer unit.

The figures show a total by the reference numeral 2 provided buffer unit for a spring damper device of a motor vehicle. This is between a vehicle frame 4 and a transverse or trailing arm 6 of the motor vehicle. The buffer unit 2 comprises a partially elastic buffering agent 8th that in the 1 and 4 on the transverse or trailing arm 6 is arranged adjacent and in the 2 and 3 on the vehicle frame 4 is arranged adjacent.

The buffering agent 8th extends in the main extension direction 10 with its respective free end such that it is in an unoperated home position, in which the angle between the vehicle frame 4 and transverse or trailing arm 6 is maximum, at least almost on the other component, so the transverse or trailing arm 6 or the vehicle frame 4 , at least almost rests. For those in 1 . 2 and 4 shown embodiments is between the buffer means 8th in the vehicle frame 4 or the transverse or trailing arm 6 provided in the unconfirmed basic position a gap.

To the buffering agent 8th against a movement transverse to the main extension direction 10 , in particular a bending transversely to the main extension direction 10 to support is in a recess 12 that are inside the buffer 8th is arranged, a guide element 14 intended.

The guide element 14 and the buffering agent 8th are by means of a fixing agent 16 on the transverse or trailing arm 6 ( 1 and 4 ) or on the vehicle frame 4 ( 2 and 3 ). To the guide element 14 to stabilize in a buffer position, that is the fixing means 16 opposite end of the guide element 14 on a holding means 18 in or on the vehicle frame 4 or in or on the transverse or trailing arm 6 can be arranged, at least fixed in the buffer position.

In those in the 1 to 4 shown embodiments form both the fixing means 16 as well as the holding means 18 reinforcing elements 20 for the vehicle frame 4 and the transverse or trailing arm 6 ,

So that the guide element 14 within the buffer means 8th relative to the buffering agent 8th may include the buffer means 8th one opening on each side 22 through which the recess 12 is accessible from the outside.

1 shows a first embodiment of the buffer unit 2 in which both the buffering agent 8th as well as the guide element 14 through the fixing agent 16 on the transverse or trailing arm 6 are fixed. The guide element 14 is with respect to the main extension direction 10 telescopic. Furthermore, the guide element 14 with a first end rotatable on the fixing means 16 articulated and with a second end as well on the holding means 18 stored. Due to the articulated storage both on the fixing agent 16 as well as on the holding means 18 and by the telescopic design of the fixing agent 16 is a movement of the vehicle frame 4 and the transverse or trailing arm 6 relative to each other.

2 shows a second embodiment of the buffer unit 2 in which the guide element 14 in the unconfirmed basic position only on the one hand by the fixing means 16 is held. The second end is so within the buffer means 16 arranged that this with respect to the main extension direction 10 not towered over. The holding means 18 that at the in 2 illustrated embodiment in the transverse or trailing arm 6 is arranged, is formed pan-like, to the guide element 14 in a buffer position against movement transverse to the main direction of extension 10 to limit. Furthermore, the fixing means 16 an arcuate shape, through which a relative movement between the transverse or trailing arm 6 and vehicle frame 4 is readily possible.

3 shows a fourth embodiment of the buffer unit 2 in which the fixing agent 16 and the buffering agent 8th through the fixing agent 16 on the vehicle frame 4 are arranged. The guide element 14 is slidably disposed in the holding means, wherein the holding means 18 includes a sliding bearing.

At the in 2 the embodiment shown is the buffer means 8th in the fixing agent 16 glued.

4 shows a fourth embodiment, which is substantially the embodiment according to 1 equivalent. In addition to the in 1 shown embodiment is in the embodiment according to 4 a protective element 24 provided, on the one hand to the holding means 18 facing the end of the buffer means 8th and at the holding means 18 is determinable. The protective element 24 counteracts penetration of dirt and moisture.

The features of the invention shown in the foregoing description, in the claims and in the drawings may be essential both individually and in any combination in the realization of the invention and its various embodiments.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

2

buffer unit

4

vehicle frame

6

Transverse or trailing arm

8th

buffer means

10

Main direction

12

recess

14

guide element

16

Fixing means

18

holding means

20

reinforcing element

22

opening

24

protection element

Claims (13)

Buffer unit ( 2 ) for a spring damper device of a motor vehicle with at least one at least partially elastic buffer means ( 8th ) between a vehicle frame ( 4 ) and a rotatable on the vehicle frame ( 4 ) arranged transverse or trailing arm ( 6 ) of the motor vehicle along a main direction of extension ( 10 ) can be arranged or arranged, with at least one fixing agent ( 16 ), by which the buffering agent ( 8th ) on the vehicle frame ( 4 ) or on the transverse or trailing arm ( 6 ), the buffering agent ( 8th ) with a in the main extension direction ( 10 ) free end in an unoperated home position, in which the angle between vehicle frames ( 4 ) and transverse or trailing arm ( 6 ) is maximum, at least almost at the transverse or trailing arm ( 6 ) or on the vehicle frame ( 4 ) is applied directly or indirectly, and with at least one at least transversely to Main extension direction ( 10 ) rigid guide element ( 14 ), in or on the buffering agent ( 8th ) can be arranged or arranged. Buffer unit ( 2 ) according to claim 1, wherein the buffering agent ( 8th ) at least one in the main extension direction ( 10 ) extending, in particular centrally arranged, recess ( 12 ), within which the guide element ( 14 ) can be arranged or arranged. Buffer unit ( 2 ) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the buffering agent ( 8th ) at the two ends in the main extension direction ( 10 ) one opening each ( 22 ), through which the recess ( 12 ) is accessible from the outside. Buffer unit ( 2 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one guide element ( 14 ) with a first end on the fixing means ( 16 ) is fixable and / or wherein the guide element ( 14 ) at least in a buffer position with a second end on a holding means ( 18 ) on the transverse or trailing arm ( 6 ) or on the vehicle frame ( 4 ) is fixed or fixed. Buffer unit ( 2 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one guide element ( 14 ) in the unactuated basic position with its second end in the main direction of extension ( 10 ) without interference in or at the buffer means ( 8th ) is arranged and / or wherein the at least one guide element ( 14 ) the buffering agent ( 8th ) at least in the buffer position at least with its second end in the main extension direction ( 10 ) surmounted. Buffer unit ( 2 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the guide element ( 14 ) rotatable at least with the first end, in particular articulated or ball joint-like, or rotationally fixed to the fixing means ( 16 ) is fixable and / or wherein the guide element ( 14 ) rotatable at least with the second end, in particular articulated or ball joint-like, or rotationally fixed to the holding means ( 18 ) is determinable. Buffer unit ( 2 ) according to claim 6, wherein the fixing means ( 16 ) and / or the holding means ( 18 ) comprises a slide bearing, through which the guide element ( 14 ) in the main direction of extension ( 10 ) is movable. Buffer unit ( 2 ) According to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the guide element comprises a rod, rod, or arcuate or curved guide portion. Buffer unit ( 2 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the guide element at least in the main extension direction ( 10 ) is variable with respect to its longitudinal extension, in particular extendible, compressible and / or telescopic. Buffer unit ( 2 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, wherein the fixing means ( 16 ) and / or the holding means ( 18 ) a reinforcing element ( 20 ) for the vehicle frame ( 4 ) and / or for the transverse or trailing arm ( 6 ). Buffer unit ( 2 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims, with at least one, in particular flexibly bendable, protective element ( 24 ) attached to a holding means ( 18 ) facing end of the buffer means ( 8th ) and the holding means ( 18 ) is determinable. Spring damper device of a motor vehicle with at least one damping unit, with at least one spring unit and with at least one buffer unit ( 2 ), in particular according to one of claims 1 to 11, which comprises at least one at least partially elastic buffering agent ( 8th ) between a vehicle frame ( 4 ) and a rotatable on the vehicle frame ( 4 ) arranged transverse or trailing arm ( 6 ) of the motor vehicle along a main direction of extension ( 10 ) which can be arranged or arranged, comprising at least one fixing agent ( 16 ), by which the buffering agent ( 8th ) on the vehicle frame ( 4 ) or on the transverse or trailing arm ( 6 ), wherein the buffer means is arranged in the main extension direction ( 10 ) free end in an unoperated home position, in which the angle between vehicle frames ( 4 ) and transverse or trailing arm ( 6 ) is maximum, at least almost at the transverse or trailing arm ( 6 ) or on the vehicle frame ( 4 ) is applied directly or indirectly, and the at least one at least transversely to the main extension direction ( 10 ) comprises a rigid guide element which is in or on the buffer means ( 8th ) can be arranged or arranged. Motor vehicle with at least one vehicle frame ( 4 ), with at least one transverse or trailing arm ( 6 ), with at least one spring damper device, in particular according to claim 12, and / or with at least one buffer unit ( 2 ), in particular according to one of claims 1 to 11.

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