DE102013005958A1 - Valve seal for musical instruments - Google Patents

Abstract

Method and device for the production and assembly of key pads for musical instruments. By inserting a support disc (10) in the tone hole flap (5), the plane parallelism of the reference planes is established between the Zwirl (4) and the tone hole flap (5) of a wind musical instrument. The self-adhesive tone hole seal and the resonator are to be releasably glued onto the support disc (10) with a centering aid (17).

Description

The invention relates to methods and apparatus for the production and assembly of flap cushions for musical instruments, preferably on wind instruments with existing flap mechanism.

State of the art

To create a sound with a musical instrument, air is vibrated.

The frequency is audible as a sound. The sound of wind instruments is created by blowing an excited oscillating column of air into a tube. A long column of air produces a low tone, a short column a high tone. Each tone has its own air column. For example, on a saxophone the body forms the tube, the sound tube. In the corpus are for tone determination incorporated tone holes for determining the respective clay air column. Each tone gets its own tone hole, which is covered by flap mechanisms with sealing flap cushions to open or close them either to produce a specific sound. Thus, different sounds are generated on a tube. Incorrect setting of the flap cushions will cause the tone generation to fail. A small air gap is sufficient to create discordance, z. B. no sound, overblown, no low notes, etc. The Tonlochabdichtung turns out to be difficult in practice and is usually performed by qualified personnel. A large number of developments in this regard prove that perfect soundhole sealing is associated with technical difficulties. The instruments are also sensitive to mechanical effects. The aligned flaps are often misaligned due to improper handling of the musical instruments. This leads to leaks. Trend-setting solutions are provided by Claissono, 75387 Neubulach; Leopold Kondratev, 80339 Munich; Alfred Strathmann, Pat. No. 29703411; Runar Grenfeldt, P 3804596.2; such as U.S. Patent No. 3,958,484 . U.S. Patent 3,421,399 . DE-OS 3402337 . U.S. Patent No. 3501,291 offered.

Disadvantages of the prior art:

• • The sealing adjustment of the flap cushion / Tonlochdichtung proves to be difficult due to the non-positive connection with the flap lifters (usually soldered) and is done by bending right with pliers.
• • In order to place the disc-shaped flap cushion / Tonlochdichtungen on the tubular body of the musical instrument, it requires intermediate mediating parts, which are referred to as clay chimneys. The clay chimneys are either soldered to the instrument body or pulled out of the body material and ground flat. The plan ground contact surface is called Zwirl. The inner wall of the body has on the sound holes with the Tonkaminen bulges, which influence the flow path of the excited air to produce sound vortexing and thus the sound frequency to be generated. A saxophone with the more than 20 tone holes corresponding air turbulence and difficult intonation.
• • To replace defective flap cushions / tone hole seals, disassemble the flap mechanism, to clean the adhesive surfaces of the flaps clean and new already prefabricated upholstery with z. B. sealing wax or hot melt adhesive under heat to use floating. These upholstery are mainly multipart, z. B. consisting of cardboard backing, felt, umschlagend edge-attracted leather cover, riveted metal resonator, etc. The intended for frictional side has different uneven heights.
• • Previously offered solutions require mainly the application of special cost-intensive fine-mechanical constructions, special tools and an elaborate assembly by trained experts.
• • Mold formation, especially in the upper area of the musical instrument, due to inadequate care due to saliva residues, especially in the gap joints.
• • Distortions of the leather upholstery by dehydration or entering lack of sealability due to embrittlement of the leather.

Object of the invention:

• • To develop a retrofittable flap and upholstery / tone hole seal / sealing washer for already existing instruments in the fine mechanical area.
• • Commercially available material for cost-reducing application arrives.
• • Most extensive cancellation of the susceptibility to malfunction if handled improperly.
• • An assembly simplification is achieved.
• • Convert force-fit connections into positive-locking units.
• • Most extensive balancing of turbulent obstacles on the inner wall of the carcass.
• • Improve hygiene by largely avoiding mold growth.
• • To reduce the complexity of the sealing pad and to simplify it to make it easier for laypersons to install the soundhole seal.

The solution of the invention task, description

The object of the invention is achieved by self-adhesive one-piece Tonlochdichtungen / sealing discs or resonators are used, which greatly simplify the mounting fixed in position using a centering pin.

Above the tone hole of the musical instrument body is the clay-pit chimney, the open end of which ends in a flat-cut twirl, which points rigidly to the soundhole flap. The Zwirl is the first mechanical reference. On the movable flap lifter are non-positively the Tonlochklappen. The open part of the Tonlochklappen shell shows the Zwirl as a spatially curved component. The Tonlochklappen are designed differently depending on the manufacturer, models and Tonlochgrößen, shape and inner diameter, which are also different bulged. The Zwirl and the Tonlochklappe form, mechanically functionally coherently, in each case an own starting surface. In order to produce the pan-parallelism between Zwirl as the starting plane and the soundhole flap, a support disk as a second reference surface must be provisionally frictionally inserted into the shell of the soundhole flap (with oversize, eg with hot glue, sealing wax, adhesive).

For precise alignment of the plane parallelism is between Zwirl and support disk Tonlochklappe a gauges gauge insert as a gauge block, which has the height of the sealing washer height. The provisional frictional connection of the supporting disc is to be lifted (eg by heat). The disc lingers so floating in the Tonlochklappe. The Tonlochklappe is now closed with the measuring disc to press on the Zwirl until the adhesion occurs solidified. The plane parallelism between Tonlochklappe and Zwirl is permanently made stale. A magnetic foil is applied to the surface of the measuring disc for ease of assembly, or the measuring disc is magnetized as a whole. The support disk is centered with a center recess or with a system-centered centered hole to position the resilient centering pin tip receiving as an assembly aid. After removal of the measuring disc, the self-adhesive tone hole seal is to be positively adhered to the free surface of the support disc with the aid of the centering pin. The bond strength should be selected so that the seal can be removed from the pane as required.

The seal has a center mark opposite the adhesive surface. The material for the sealing disc should be selected so that it has a sealing penetration depth on the Zwirl after force-transmitting spring or finger pressure with the Tonlochklappe closed. The penetration depth compensates for adjustment errors. As a sealing material preferably moisture-repellent elastomers are suitable with low bulk density, such as. B. foam or foam rubber surfaces with low height. These can be adjusted so that no moisture is stored in the seal. The hygienic saliva residues deposited on the surface of the seal are easy to remove. Cleaning the musical instrument is time-saving and easy to achieve and significantly reduces the risk of mold formation. The use of moisture absorbent materials, such as leather, felt, cardboard is avoided.

To change the tone frequency of the musical instrument resonators are worked on the free to the sound hole facing surface of the sealing discs. The resonators have so far mostly consisted of riveted metal or hard plastic discs that can be infiltrated with moisture. More advantageous is the production of the resonators by self-adhesive metal or plastic films. They allow weight reduction and simplification of assembly. The film resonators are provided with a center mark opposite the adhesive surface. The dimensioning of the resonator disk is to be chosen such that a sufficient edge remains free as a sealing surface in the peripheral region of the sealing disk.

With a needle as a mounting centering pin of the film resonator and anschießend the Tonlochdichtung is pierced at the center markings and lined up on the needle shaft staggered. The centering pin is then inserted with the discs in the center recess of the support disc, at right angles to the disc surface, positioning insert. The adhesive surfaces point to the support disk. The Tonlochdichtung and the film resonator are stripping on the shaft of the centering pin in the direction of the support disc contacting until the surface adhesion is force / positive fit. After removal of the centering pin Tonlochdichtung is mounted with resonator.

This device with the described method makes it possible to use industrially prefabricated stampings that are inexpensive to manufacture. In addition, the discs can be cut out with a household scissors made of plate material and processed individually. The maintenance, care and maintenance of the musical instrument is easily manageable by laymen.

drawings

1 : Explanation, cross section side view

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Body of the musical instrument

2

tonehole

3

Tonlochkamin

4

zwirl

5

Tonlochklappe

6

flap jack

7

Sealing cushion, 7.1 Leather, 7.2 Rivet, 7.3 Felt, 7.4 carton

8th

Non-positive connection to Tonlochklappe, z. B. hot glue, sealing wax

9

sound resonator

2 : representation according to the invention, cross section, side view

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

10

support disc

11

Centered recess, hole in the support disk, centering pin holder

12

Adhesive film for applying adhesive surfaces (double-sided)

13

Self-adhesive sealing pad, Tonlochdichtung / sealing disc

14

Self-adhesive resonator as a foil

15

Measuring disk for adjusting the height of the support disk

16

magnetic foil

17

Centering pin springy

18

Center mark, puncture of the seal, the Resonatorfolie

19

Stripping the Tonlochdichtung and Schallresonator

Embodiment:

The following has exemplary character. An example is a saxophone. Flap cushion material is traditionally made of cardboard, felt and leather cover. The flap cushion is non-positively glued into the flap ( 1 ; 7 - 7.4 ). For commercially available saxophones, the tone-hole flap mimic ( 6 ) soldered. The adjustment is done by bending plane-parallel until a seal is achieved. Due to the influence of moisture (respiratory air, saliva, weathering) swell the pads and change the support angle to Zwirl ( 4 ) of the Tonlochkamins. This results in the risk of air gap formation of the upholstery seal, which adversely affects the proper sound production. At the Tonlochklappe of the musical instrument are stored on the air flow transported saliva particles. If the constant cleaning of the Tonlochklappe failed, settle on this medium quickly mold, bacteria, yeasts, which are harmful to health, especially on the respiratory tract. The arduous cleaning the Tonlochklappe, z. As with citric acid, often had a re-adjustment result. A changeover to previously offered upholstery with a similar effect is labor-intensive and cost-intensive, up to several thousand euros, especially for pendulum upholstery flaps.

Before new upholstery flaps ( 2 ), the saxophone mimic is dismantled and the conventional glued-in felt leather upholstery from the flap lids ( 5 ) away. Into the cleaned bowl of the Tonlochklappe is a Stützscheibe ( 10 ) with centered depression ( 11 ) or preliminary drilling with frictional filling ( 8th ) to use in excess, z. B. with hot glue, sealing wax under heat or with filling adhesive has a long open time.

The flap mimic ( 6 ) is to be mounted again. Between the Tonlochklappe ( 5 ) and Zwirl ( 4 ) is the measuring disc ( 15 ). The filling ( 8th ) between Tonlochklappe and support disk is placed in a viscous state. The flap is to be pressed with the measuring disc on the Zwirl until the filling hardens and a permanent adhesion occurs. A system-compatible, plane parallelism is produced to accommodate the sealing disc. The flap mime is to dismantle and is freehand available.

The sealing disc ( 13 ) and resonator ( 14 ) are marked with a center marker ( 18 ) and on the opposite side with a double-adhesive film ( 12 ) Mistake. With a needle as centering pin ( 17 ), puncture the resonator and the sealing washer at the mark and place it on the needle shank ( 17 ) to line up. This positive unit is connected to the needle tip ( 17 ) into the depression ( 11 ) of the support disk ( 10 ) in the soundhole flap. The needle shaft shows at right angles to the surface of the support disk. The sealing disc and the resonator are to be stripped onto the supporting disk ( 19 ) and press. With the adhesive surfaces a releasable force / positive connection is made on the support disk. After re-installation of the flap mimic the cushion flap with sealing disc and resonator lies sealingly on the Zwirl ( 4 ), by means of finger or spring pressure. As the sealing material are preferably elastomers ( 13 ), which have a large penetration depth and do not absorb moisture. The penetration depth compensates for shape matching adjustment errors between the structural parts.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• US 3958484 [0003]
• US 3421399 [0003]
• DE 3402337A [0003]
• US 3501291 [0003]

Claims (6)

An arrangement for tightly closing the clay hole ( 2 ) of a brass musical instrument by means of a supporting disk ( 10 ), Sealing disc ( 13 ) and resonator disk ( 14 ) on a soundhole flap ( 5 ), above the Zwirl ( 4 ), z. B. with a saxophone. The Twirl ( 4 ) of the musical instrument is the first mechanical reference plane. The movable soundhole flap ( 5 ) is the second reference plane. The arrangement and the method for production and assembly is characterized in that a preparation of the plane parallelism between the Zwirl-level ( 4 ) and the Tonlochklappen level takes place by in the shell of the Tonlochklappe ( 5 ) the supporting disk ( 10 ) with centered depression ( 11 ) or drilling using kraftschlussfähigem filler ( 8th ) is to be inserted provisionally floating in excess (eg hot glue, sealing wax, adhesive with a long open time). Between support disc ( 10 ) and Zwirl ( 4 ) is a gauging disc ( 15 ), the height of the Tonlochdichtung ( 13 ) Has. The soundhole flap ( 5 ) and support disk ( 10 ) is with the measuring disc ( 15 ) on the Zwirl ( 4 ) until the adhesion is solidified. The required plane parallelism between support disk ( 10 ) of the soundhole flap ( 5 ) and Zwirl ( 4 ) is permanently produced. The measuring disc is to be removed. The Tonlochdichtung- and Resonatorscheibe ( 13 . 14 ) is one-sided with a double-sided adhesive film ( 12 ) and opposite with a center mark ( 18 ) Mistake. The discs are thus self-adhesive. With a needle as assembly centering pin ( 17 ) the film resonator ( 14 ) and then the tone hole seal ( 13 ) at the center markings ( 18 ) and strung out on the needle shaft. The centering pin ( 17 ) is next to the discs in the center depression ( 11 ) of the support disk ( 10 ), at right angles to the disc surface, to insert in a positioning manner. The adhesive surfaces ( 12 ) point to the support disk. The soundhole seal ( 13 ) and the film resonator ( 14 ) are on the shaft of the centering pin ( 17 ) in the direction of the support disk to strip off ( 19 ) until the surface bonding is force / positive. After removal of the centering pin Tonlochdichtung is mounted with resonator. The sealing disc according to claim 1 is characterized in that the seal ( 13 ) a center mark ( 18 ) opposite the adhesive surface ( 12 ) Has. The material for the sealing disc ( 13 ) is to be chosen such that, after force-transmitting spring or finger pressure with the soundhole flap closed ( 5 ) a sealing penetration on the Zwirl ( 4 ) having. The penetration depth compensates for adjustment errors. The requirements are dimensional accuracy, moisture repellent, no nutrient medium for mold growth, self-adhesive surfaces, etc. These material properties have z. B. inexpensive elastomeric plastics, since the material mixture is tailored to the requirements of the musical instrument. The Resonatorscheibe according to claim 1 and 2 are characterized in that the production of the resonators ( 14 ) is more advantageous by self-adhesive metal or plastic films. They allow weight reduction and simplification of assembly. The foil resonators ( 14 ) are marked with a center marker ( 18 ) opposite the adhesive surface ( 12 ) Mistake. The dimensioning of the resonator disc foil ( 14 ) is to be chosen so that in the peripheral region of the sealing disc ( 13 ) a sufficient edge remains free as a sealing surface. The sealing and Resonatorscheibe according to claim 1 to 3 are characterized in that plate material prior to processing into sealing or Resonatorscheiben ( 13 / 14 ) over the entire surface with double-sided adhesive film ( 12 ) is provided. The side of the adhesive film opposite the plate material is protected with a peelable adhesive-neutral wax paper until it is finally used on the support plate. This results in the advantage that in the production of discs by punching or cutting the adhesiveness is already present. A consistent level of adhesive application is guaranteed. An application of liquid adhesive as a separate operation is eliminated. The sealing disk and resonator are equipped with a center mark ( 18 ) Mistake. The centering pin according to claim 1 to 4 are characterized in that the needle with the needle shaft as a centering pin ( 17 ) is mounted vertically compressive in a holder. This ensures that the needle centering point in the recess ( 11 ) or bore of the support disk ( 10 ) sustained pressing. Careless hand movements whose sliding out of the needle tip from the support disc ( 10 ) would be largely compensated. The measuring disk according to claim 1 to 5 is characterized in that the measuring disk ( 15 ) is permanently magnetised and on the supporting disk ( 10 ) releasably adheres with magnetic properties or flat with self-adhesive permanently magnetized magnetic film ( 16 ) is pasted. The magnetic adhesive property of the measuring disc ( 15 ) simplifies the handling for producing the plane parallelism between support disk ( 10 ) and Zwirl ( 4 ) by being releasably easy to position without further aids.

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