DE102012218020A1 - High-performance surfactant mixture and detergents or cleaners containing these - Google Patents

Abstract

Surfactant mixtures and washing or cleaning compositions containing at least one anionic surfactant, at least one nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) R 1 O- [G] p (I) in which R 1 is - (CH 2) 7 -CH 3 or - (CH 2) 9- CH3, G is a sugar residue having 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number from 1 to 10, wherein the nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) in an amount of 10 to 90 wt .-%, based on the total amount of all nonionic Surfactants contained show already at washing temperatures below 40 ° C a large washing activity. In addition, corresponding liquid detergents are distinguished by improved low-temperature stability.

Description

The invention relates to a surfactant mixture which has improved cleaning performance at low temperatures in detergents or cleaners. The invention also relates to the use of the surfactant mixtures and detergents or cleaners containing the surfactant mixture.

The surfactants contained in the detergents develop their optimum effectiveness when completely dissolved. A physical quantity for the dissolution behavior of surfactants is the so-called Krafft point, which is a term for the temperature at which the solubility of ionic surfactants due to the formation of micelles greatly increases. Detergents preferably contain those surfactants whose Krafft point is above the wash temperature.

While household lingerie used to be made primarily of cotton textiles that used to be washed at 60 ° C and above, modern textiles tend to be sensitive to higher temperatures. Consumers are therefore increasingly choosing washing temperatures below or up to 40 ° C. This trend is supported by increasing environmental awareness and energy saving efforts, as lower wash temperatures mean lower power consumption and reduced CO ₂ emissions.

In the form of liquid detergents, they may occasionally be exposed to water at or below freezing point during distribution or storage. With insufficient cold stability of the detergent suspension / emulsion, phase separations may occur which result in inaccurate dosing of the detergent during use as the solids settle to the bottom of the container.

To solve the problem of the cold stability of aqueous liquid detergents, a so-called Krafft point reduction is sought, which leads to cold-stable liquid detergents.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a surfactant composition which exhibits excellent efficacy even at wash temperatures below 40 ° C. and which can be used in laundry detergents for household linen. In addition, the object of the present invention was to develop water-soluble surfactant mixtures which lead to good cold stabilities and good water solubilities of liquid detergents prepared therewith.

Surprisingly, it has been found that a combination of at least one anionic surfactant and at least one specific nonionic surfactant shows a high washing activity even at washing temperatures below 40 ° C and is suitable to be incorporated into laundry detergents for household laundry. In addition, liquid detergents which comprise the surfactant mixture according to the invention are distinguished by improved low-temperature stability.

• a) mindestens ein anionisches Tensid,
• b) mindestens ein nichtionisches Tensid der Formel (I) R¹O-[G]_p (I), in der R¹ für -(CH₂)₇-CH₃ oder -(CH₂)₉-CH₃, G für einen Zuckerrest mit 5 oder 6 Kohlenstoffatomen und p für Zahlen von 1 bis 10 steht,

wobei das nichtionische Tensid der Formel (I) in einer Menge von 10 bis 90 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge aller nichtionischen Tenside enthalten ist. The present invention is a surfactant mixture containing

• a) at least one anionic surfactant,
• b) at least one nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) R ¹ O- [G] _p (I), in which R ¹ - _{7 are} -CH ₃ or (CH ₂₎ - (CH _{2) 9} -CH _3, G is a sugar radical having 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is numbers from 1 to 10,

wherein the nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) is contained in an amount of 10 to 90% by weight, based on the total amount of all nonionic surfactants.

It has surprisingly been found that very good washing performance, in particular in liquid detergents or cleaners, can already be achieved at washing temperatures below 40 ° C. by means of this surfactant system according to the invention. This surfactant system makes it possible, even without the addition of special stabilizers, to provide cold-stable liquid washing or cleaning agents.

• a) mindestens ein anionisches Tensid,
• b) mindestens ein nichtionisches Tensid der Formel (I) R¹O-[G]_p (I), in der R¹ für -(CH₂)₇-CH₃ oder -(CH₂)₉-CH₃, G für einen Zuckerrest mit 5 oder 6 Kohlenstoffatomen und p für Zahlen von 1 bis 10 steht,

wobei das nichtionische Tensid der Formel (I) in einer Menge von 10 bis 90 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge aller nichtionischen Tenside enthalten ist. Another object of the present invention is a washing or cleaning agent containing

• a) at least one anionic surfactant,
• b) at least one nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) R ¹ O- [G] _p (I), in which R ¹ - _{7 are} -CH ₃ or (CH ₂₎ - (CH _{2) 9} -CH _3, G is a sugar radical having 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is numbers from 1 to 10,

wherein the nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) is contained in an amount of 10 to 90% by weight, based on the total amount of all nonionic surfactants.

• a) mindestens ein anionisches Tensid,
• b) mindestens ein nichtionisches Tensid der Formel (I) R¹O-[G]_p (I), in der R¹ für -(CH₂)₇-CH₃ oder -(CH₂)₉-CH₃, G für einen Zuckerrest mit 5 oder 6 Kohlenstoffatomen und p für Zahlen von 1 bis 10 steht, c) mindestens ein weiteres nichtionisches Tensid,

wobei das nichtionische Tensid der Formel (I) in einer Menge von 10 bis 90 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge aller nichtionischen Tenside [b) + c)] enthalten ist. From the statement that the nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) is contained in an amount of 10 to 90 wt .-%, based on the total amount of all nonionic surfactants, it follows directly that the surfactant of the formula (I) not as the sole nonionic Tenside is used, but that the surfactant mixture according to the invention or the washing or cleaning agent according to the invention contains at least two nonionic surfactants. In other words, a first aspect of the present invention is a surfactant mixture containing

• a) at least one anionic surfactant,
• b) at least one nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) R ¹ O- [G] _p (I), in which R ^{1 is} - (CH ₂ ) ₇ -CH ₃ or - (CH ₂ ) ₉ -CH ₃ , G is a sugar moiety having 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number from 1 to 10, c) at least one further nonionic surfactant,

wherein the nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) is contained in an amount of 10 to 90% by weight, based on the total amount of all the nonionic surfactants [b] + c)].

• a) mindestens ein anionisches Tensid,
• b) mindestens ein nichtionisches Tensid der Formel (I) R¹O-[G]_p (I), in der R¹ für -(CH₂)₇-CH₃ oder -(CH₂)₉-CH₃, G für einen Zuckerrest mit 5 oder 6 Kohlenstoffatomen und p für Zahlen von 1 bis 10 steht, c) mindestens ein weiteres nichtionisches Tensid,

wobei das nichtionische Tensid der Formel (I) in einer Menge von 10 bis 90 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die Gesamtmenge aller nichtionischen Tenside [b) + c)] enthalten ist. In other words, the second object of the present invention is a washing or cleaning agent containing

• a) at least one anionic surfactant,
• b) at least one nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) R ¹ O- [G] _p (I), in which R ^{1 is} - (CH ₂ ) ₇ -CH ₃ or - (CH ₂ ) ₉ -CH ₃ , G is a sugar moiety having 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number from 1 to 10, c) at least one further nonionic surfactant,

wherein the nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) is contained in an amount of 10 to 90% by weight, based on the total amount of all the nonionic surfactants [b] + c)].

The surfactant mixture according to the invention or the washing or cleaning agent according to the invention contains at least three surfactants, but may also contain four, five or more different surfactants. The first surfactant a) used according to the invention is at least one anionic surfactant.

• – lineare und verzweigte Fettsäuren mit 8 bis 30 C-Atomen (Seifen),
• – Ethercarbonsäuren der Formel R-O-(CH₂-CH₂O)_x-CH₂-COOH, in der R eine lineare Alkylgruppe mit 8 bis 30 C-Atomen und x = 0 oder 1 bis 16 ist,
• – Acylsarcoside mit 8 bis 24 C-Atomen in der Acylgruppe,
• – Acyltauride mit 8 bis 24 C-Atomen in der Acylgruppe,
• – Acylisethionate mit 8 bis 24 C-Atomen in der Acylgruppe,
• – Sulfobernsteinsäuremono- und -dialkylester mit 8 bis 24 C-Atomen in der Alkylgruppe und Sulfobernsteinsäuremono-alkylpolyoxyethylester mit 8 bis 24 C-Atomen in der Alkylgruppe und 1 bis 6 Oxyethylgruppen,
• – lineare Alkansulfonate mit 8 bis 24 C-Atomen,
• – lineare Alpha-Olefinsulfonate mit 8 bis 24 C-Atomen,
• – Alpha-Sulfofettsäuremethylester von Fettsäuren mit 8 bis 30 C-Atomen,
• – Alkylsulfate und Alkylpolyglykolethersulfate der Formel R-O(CH₂-CH₂O)_x-OSO₃H, in der R eine bevorzugt lineare Alkylgruppe mit 8 bis 30 C-Atomen und x = 0 oder 1 bis 12 ist,
• – Gemische oberflächenaktiver Hydroxysulfonate,
• – sulfatierte Hydroxyalkylpolyethylen- und/oder Hydroxyalkylenpropylenglykolether,
• – Sulfonate ungesättigter Fettsäuren mit 8 bis 24 C-Atomen und 1 bis 6 Doppelbindungen,
• – Ester der Weinsäure und Zitronensäure mit Alkoholen, die Anlagerungsprodukte von etwa 2–15 Molekülen Ethylenoxid und/oder Propylenoxid an Fettalkohole mit 8 bis 22 C-Atomen darstellen,
• – Alkyl- und/oder Alkenyletherphosphate der Formel (TI),
  
  in der R²⁹ bevorzugt für einen aliphatischen Kohlenwasserstoffrest mit 8 bis 30 Kohlenstoffatomen, R³⁰ für Wasserstoff, einen Rest (CH₂CH₂O)_nR²⁹ oder X, n für Zahlen von 1 bis 10 und X für Wasserstoff, ein Alkali- oder Erdalkalimetall oder NR³¹R³²R³³R³⁴, mit R³¹ bis R³⁴ unabhängig voneinander stehend für einen C₁ bis C₄-Kohlenwasserstoffrest, steht,
• – sulfatierte Fettsäurealkylenglykolester der Formel (TII) R³⁵CO(AlkO)_nSO₃M (TII) in der R³⁵CO- für einen linearen oder verzweigten, aliphatischen, gesättigten und/oder ungesättigten Acylrest mit 6 bis 22 C-Atomen, Alk für CH₂CH₂, CHCH₃CH₂ und/oder CH₂CHCH₃, n für Zahlen von 0,5 bis 5 und M für ein Kation steht, wie sie in der DE-OS 197 36 906.5 beschrieben sind,
• – Monoglyceridsulfate und Monoglyceridethersulfate der Formel (TIII),
  
  in der R³⁶CO für einen linearen oder verzweigten Acylrest mit 6 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen, x, y und z in Summe für 0 oder für Zahlen von 1 bis 30, vorzugsweise 2 bis 10, und X für ein Alkali- oder Erdalkalimetall steht. Typische Beispiele für im Sinne der Erfindung geeignete Monoglycerid(ether)sulfate sind die Umsetzungsprodukte von Laurinsäuremonoglycerid, Kokosfettsäuremonoglycerid, Palmitinsäuremonoglycerid, Stearinsäuremonoglycerid, Ölsäuremonoglycerid und Talgfettsäuremonoglycerid sowie deren Ethylenoxidaddukte mit Schwefeltrioxid oder Chlorsulfonsäure in Form ihrer Natriumsalze. Vorzugsweise werden Monoglyceridsulfate der Formel (TIII) eingesetzt, in der R³⁶CO für einen linearen Acylrest mit 8 bis 18 Kohlenstoffatomen steht.

Suitable anionic surfactants in surfactant mixtures according to the invention or in detergents or cleaners according to the invention are all anionic surface-active substances. These are characterized by a water-solubilizing, anionic group such as. As a carboxylate, sulfate, sulfonate or phosphate group and a lipophilic alkyl group having about 8 to 30 carbon atoms. In addition, glycol or polyglycol ether groups, ester, ether and amide groups and hydroxyl groups may be present in the molecule. Examples of suitable anionic surfactants are, in each case in the form of the sodium, potassium and ammonium as well as the mono-, di- and trialkanolammonium salts having 2 to 4 C atoms in the alkanol group,

• - linear and branched fatty acids with 8 to 30 carbon atoms (soaps),
• Ether carboxylic acids of the formula RO- (CH ₂ -CH ₂ O) _x -CH ₂ -COOH, in which R is a linear alkyl group having 8 to 30 C atoms and x = 0 or 1 to 16,
• Acylsarcosides having 8 to 24 C atoms in the acyl group,
• Acyltaurides having 8 to 24 carbon atoms in the acyl group,
• Acyl isethionates having 8 to 24 C atoms in the acyl group,
• Sulfosuccinic acid mono- and dialkyl esters having 8 to 24 C atoms in the alkyl group and sulfosuccinic acid monoalkyl polyoxyethyl esters having 8 to 24 C atoms in the alkyl group and 1 to 6 oxyethyl groups,
• - linear alkanesulfonates having 8 to 24 carbon atoms,
• - linear alpha-olefin sulfonates having 8 to 24 carbon atoms,
• Alpha-sulfofatty acid methyl esters of fatty acids having 8 to 30 C atoms,
• Alkyl sulfates and alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates of the formula RO (CH ₂ -CH ₂ O) _x -OSO ₃ H, in which R is a preferably linear alkyl group having 8 to 30 C atoms and x = 0 or 1 to 12,
• Mixtures of hydroxysulfonates,
• Sulfated hydroxyalkylpolyethylene and / or hydroxyalkylene glycol ethers,
• Sulfonates of unsaturated fatty acids having 8 to 24 C atoms and 1 to 6 double bonds,
• Esters of tartaric acid and citric acid with alcohols which are adducts of about 2-15 molecules of ethylene oxide and / or propylene oxide with fatty alcohols containing 8 to 22 carbon atoms,
• Alkyl and / or alkenyl ether phosphates of the formula (TI),
  
  in the R ^{29 is} preferably an aliphatic hydrocarbon radical having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, R ^{30 is} hydrogen, a radical (CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _n R ²⁹ or X, n is from 1 to 10 and X is hydrogen, an alkali metal radical or alkaline earth metal or NR ³¹ R ³² R ³³ R ³⁴ , where R ³¹ to R ³⁴ independently of one another represent a C ₁ to C ₄ -hydrocarbon radical,
• - Sulfated fatty acid alkylene glycol esters of the formula (TII) R ³⁵ CO (AlkO) _n SO ₃ M (TII) in the R ³⁵ CO- for a linear or branched, aliphatic, saturated and / or unsaturated acyl radical having 6 to 22 C atoms, Alk for CH ₂ CH ₂ , CHCH ₃ CH ₂ and / or CH ₂ CHCH ₃ , n for numbers from 0.5 to 5 and M stands for a cation, as in the DE-OS 197 36 906.5 are described
• Monoglyceride sulphates and monoglyceride ether sulphates of the formula (TIII),
  
  in which R ³⁶ CO is a linear or branched acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, x, y and z are in total 0 or numbers of 1 to 30, preferably 2 to 10, and X is an alkali or alkaline earth metal. Typical examples of monoglyceride (ether) sulfates suitable for the purposes of the invention are the reaction products of lauric acid monoglyceride, coconut fatty acid monoglyceride, palmitic acid monoglyceride, stearic acid monoglyceride, oleic acid monoglyceride and tallow fatty acid monoglyceride and their ethylene oxide adducts with sulfur trioxide or chlorosulfonic acid in the form of their sodium salts. Preferably monoglyceride sulfates of the formula (TIII) are used, in which R ³⁶ CO is a linear acyl radical having 8 to 18 carbon atoms.

Preferred anionic surfactants in surfactant mixtures according to the invention or in detergents or cleaners according to the invention are alkyl sulfates, alkyl polyglycol ether sulfates and ether carboxylic acids having 10 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and up to 12 glycol ether groups in the molecule and sulfosuccinic acid mono- and dialkyl esters having 8 to 18 carbon atoms in the alkyl group and sulfosuccinic monoalkylpolyoxyethyl esters having 8 to 18 C atoms in the alkyl group and 1 to 6 oxyethyl groups.

Preferred novel surfactant mixtures or detergents or cleaners according to the invention comprise at least one surfactant of the formula R ^{1 is} -O- (AO) _n -SO ₃ ^- X ⁺ .

In this formula, R ^{1 is} a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl radical, preferably a linear, unsubstituted alkyl radical, more preferably a fatty alcohol radical. Preferred radicals R ¹ are selected from decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, Tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl and mixtures thereof, wherein the even number of C atoms are preferred. Particularly preferred radicals R ¹ are derived from C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ fatty alcohols, for example coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or C ₁₀ -C ₂₀ oxo alcohols.

AO represents an ethylene oxide (EO) or propylene oxide (PO) moiety, preferably an ethylene oxide moiety. The index n stands for an integer from 1 to 50, preferably from 1 to 20 and in particular from 2 to 10. Most preferably, n stands for the numbers 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8. X, stands for a monovalent cation or the nth part of an n-valent cation, preference is given to the alkali metal ions and below Na ⁺ or K ⁺ , with Na ^{+ being} extremely preferred. Other cations X + may be selected from NH ₄ ⁺ , 1 / 2Zn ²⁺ , 1 / 2Mg ²⁺ , 1 / 2Ca ²⁺ , 1 / 2Mn ²⁺ , and mixtures thereof.

mit k = 11 bis 19, n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 oder 8. Ganz besonders bevorzugte Vertreter sind Na-C_12-14 Fettalkoholethersulfate mit 2 EO (k = 11–13, n = 3 in Formel A-1). In summary, particularly preferred surfactant mixtures according to the invention or detergents or cleaners according to the invention contain at least one anionic surfactant selected from fatty alcohol ether sulfates of the formula A-1

with k = 11 to 19, n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8. Very particularly preferred representatives are Na-C _12-14 fatty alcohol _ether sulfates with 2 EO (k = 11-13, n = 3 in formula A-1).

Anionic surfactants a) are preferably present in the surfactant mixture at a certain weight proportion, the amounts given to the total surfactant mixture, i. refer to the total amount of all surfactants. This sum of the surfactants is normalized according to the invention as 100%.

Preferred surfactant mixtures or liquid detergents or cleaners according to the invention are characterized in that they contain 20 to 40% by weight, preferably 22.5 to 39% by weight, more preferably 25 to 38% by weight, based on the total amount of the surfactants in particular 27.5 to 35 wt .-% fatty alcohol ether sulfate (s) included.

Preferred novel surfactant mixtures or detergents or cleaners according to the invention comprise at least one surfactant of the formula R ³ -A-SO ₃ ^- Y ⁺ .

mit k = 11 bis 19. Ganz besonders bevorzugte Vertreter sind Na-C_12-14 Fettalkoholsulfate (k = 11–13 in Formel A-2). Bei den Sulfonattensiden (A = chemische Bindung), welche gegenüber den Sulfattensiden bevorzugt sind, steht R³ vorzugsweise für einen linearen oder verzweigten unsubstituierten Alkylarylrest. Auch hier steht X für ein einwertiges Kation oder den n-ten Teil eines n-wertigen Kations, bevorzugt sind dabei die Alkalimetallionen und darunter Na⁺ oder K⁺, wobei Na⁺ äußerst bevorzugt ist. Weitere Kationen X+ können ausgewählt sein aus NH₄ ⁺, 1/2Zn²⁺, 1/2Mg²⁺, 1/2Ca²⁺, 1/2Mn²⁺, und deren Mischungen. Solche äußerst bevorzugten Tenside sind ausgewählt aus linearen oder verzweigten Alkylbenzolsulfonaten der Formel A-3

in der R´ und R´´ zusammen 9 bis 19, vorzugsweise 11 bis 15 und insbesondere 11 bis 13 C-Atome enthalten. Ein ganz besonders bevorzugter Vertreter läßt sich durch die Formel A-3a beschreiben:

Auch Tenside der Formel A3 sind in der Tensidmischung vorzugsweise zu einem bestimmten Gewichtsanteil enthalten, wobei sich die Mengenangaben auf die gesamte Tensidmischung, d.h. auf die Gesamtmenge an allen Tensiden beziehen. Diese Summe der Tenside wird erfindungsgemäß als 100% normiert. In this formula, R ^{3 is} a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl radical and the grouping -A- for -O- or a chemical bond. In other words, sulfate (A = O) or sulfonate (A = chemical bond) surfactants can be described by the above formula. Depending on the choice of the group A, certain radicals R ^{3 are} preferred. In the sulfate surfactants (A = O), R ^{3 is} preferably a linear, unsubstituted alkyl radical, more preferably a fatty alcohol radical. Preferred radicals R ¹ are selected from decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl radicals and mixtures thereof, where the representatives with even number of carbon atoms Atoms are preferred. Particularly preferred radicals R ¹ are derived from C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ fatty alcohols, for example coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or C ₁₀ -C ₂₀ oxo alcohols. X, stands for a monovalent cation or the n-th part of an n-valent cation, preferred are the alkali metal ions and including Na ⁺ or K ⁺ , with Na ^{+ being} highly preferred. Other cations X + may be selected from NH ₄ ⁺ , 1 / 2Zn ²⁺ , 1 / 2Mg ²⁺ , 1 / 2Ca ²⁺ , 1 / 2Mn ²⁺ , and mixtures thereof. Such particularly preferred surfactants are selected from fatty alcohol sulfates of the formula A-2

with k = 11 to 19. Very particularly preferred representatives are Na-C _12-14 fatty alcohol sulfates (k = 11-13 in formula A-2). In the case of the sulfonate surfactants (A = chemical bond), which are preferred over the sulfate surfactants, R ^{3 is} preferably a linear or branched unsubstituted alkylaryl radical. Here, too, X is a monovalent cation or the nth part of an n-valent cation, the alkali metal ions being preferred, and Na ⁺ or K ⁺ being preferred, Na ^{+ being} extremely preferred. Other cations X + may be selected from NH ₄ ⁺ , 1 / 2Zn ²⁺ , 1 / 2Mg ²⁺ , 1 / 2Ca ²⁺ , 1 / 2Mn ²⁺ , and mixtures thereof. Such highly preferred surfactants are selected from linear or branched alkylbenzenesulfonates of the formula A-3

in which R 'and R "together contain 9 to 19, preferably 11 to 15 and in particular 11 to 13 carbon atoms. A particularly preferred representative can be described by the formula A-3a:

Surfactants of the formula A3 are also preferably present in the surfactant mixture to a certain weight fraction, the quantities given being based on the total surfactant mixture, ie the total amount of all surfactants. This sum of the surfactants is normalized according to the invention as 100%.

Surfactant mixtures or detergents which are preferred according to the invention are characterized in that they contain from 17.5 to 35% by weight, preferably from 18 to 32.5% by weight, more preferably from 18.5 to 30, based on the total amount of surfactants Wt .-%, even more preferably 19 to 27.5 wt .-% and in particular 20 to 25 wt .-% of surfactants selected from the group comprising C _9-13 alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, C _12-18 alkanesulfonates, ester sulfonates, Alk (y) sulfates, and mixtures thereof.

As a second essential surfactant, the surfactant mixtures or detergents or cleaning agents according to the invention comprise at least one nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) R ¹ O- [G] _p (I), in which R ^{1 is} - (CH ₂ ) ₇ -CH ₃ or - (CH ₂ ) ₉ -CH ₃ , G is a sugar moiety having 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number from 1 to 10. This nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) is contained in an amount of from 10 to 90% by weight, based on the total amount of all nonionic surfactants.

In formula (I), R ^{1 is} an n-octyl or an n-decyl radical. The sugar residue G can be formed from sugars with 5 (pentoses) or 6 (hexoses) carbon atoms, the degree of oligomerization p can be from 1 to 10.

in der n für 7 [entsprechend einem Octylrest -(CH₂)₇-CH₃] oder 9 [entsprechend einem Decylrest -(CH₂)₉-CH₃] und p für Zahlen von 1 bis 10 steht. Besonders bevorzugte nichtionische Tenside der Formel (Ia) lassen sich durch die Formeln (Ia-1) und (Ia-2) beschreiben:

in denen p für Zahlen von 1 bis 10 steht. Preferred nonionic surfactant (s) of the formula (I) according to the invention are n-octyl-riboside, n-octyl-arabinoside, n-octyl-xyloside, n-octyl-lyxoside, n-octyl-alloside, n- Octyl altrose, n-octyl glucoside, n-octyl mannoside, n-octyl guloside, n-octyl idoside, n-octyl galactoside, n-octyl taloside, n-decyl riboside, n-decyl Arabinoside, n-decyl xyloside, n-decyl lysoside, n-decyl alloside, n-decyl altrose, n-decyl glucoside, n-decyl mannoside, n-decyl guloside, n-decyl idoside, n-decyl galactoside and n-decyl taloside. Particularly preferred nonionic surfactants of the formula (I) are derived from glucose and can be described by the formula (Ia):

in which n is 7 [corresponding to an octyl radical - (CH ₂ ) ₇ -CH ₃ ] or 9 [corresponding to a decyl radical - (CH ₂ ) ₉ -CH ₃ ] and p is a number from 1 to 10. Particularly preferred nonionic surfactants of the formula (Ia) can be described by the formulas (Ia-1) and (Ia-2):

in which p stands for numbers from 1 to 10.

The degree of oligomerization p in the formulas (I), (Ia), (Ia-1) and (Ia-2) is 1 to 10 according to the invention. It is preferably <8, more preferably <6, even more preferably <4 and in particular < 2. Particularly preferred surfactant mixtures or detergents or cleaners according to the invention contain nonionic surfactants of the formulas (I), (Ia), (Ia-1) or (Ia-2) in which p is from 1.4 to 1.8, preferably from 1.45 to 1.75, more preferably from 1.5 to 1.7, and especially from 1.55 to 1.65.

wobei besonders bevorzugte erfindungsgemäße Tensidmischungen oder Wasch- oder Reinigungsmittel ausschließlich Mischungen nichtionischer Tenside der Formeln (Ia-3) bis (Ia-8) enthalten und mittlere Oligomerisierungsgrade p von 1,4 bis 1,8, vorzugsweise von 1,45 bis 1,75, weiter bevorzugt von 1,5 bis 1,7 und insbesondere von 1,55 bis 1,65 aufweisen. These refracted degrees of oligomerization are realized by mixtures containing varying amounts of surfactants of formulas (I), (Ia), (Ia-1) or (Ia-2) in which p represents the single molecule for an integer, preferably for 1, 2, 3 or 4 stands. Preferred surfactant mixtures or detergents or cleaners according to the invention comprise mixtures of nonionic surfactants of the formulas (Ia-3) to (Ia-10)

in which particularly preferred surfactant mixtures or detergents or cleaners according to the invention contain exclusively mixtures of nonionic surfactants of the formulas (Ia-3) to (Ia-8) and average degrees of oligomerization p of from 1.4 to 1.8, preferably from 1.45 to 1.75 , more preferably from 1.5 to 1.7, and especially from 1.55 to 1.65.

In summary, preferred surfactant mixtures or detergents or cleaners according to the invention are characterized in that they contain a nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) in which G is a glucose residue and p is a number from 1.4 to 1.8, preferably from 1 , 45 to 1.75, more preferably from 1.5 to 1.7, and especially from 1.55 to 1.65.

According to the invention, the nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) is present in an amount of from 10 to 90% by weight, based on the total amount of all nonionic surfactants in the surfactant mixture according to the invention or in the washing or cleaning agent according to the invention. Preferred novel surfactant mixtures or detergents or cleaners are characterized in that the nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) in an amount of 15 to 80 wt .-%, preferably from 20 to 70, more preferably from 30 to 60, still more preferably from 35 to 55 and in particular from 40 to 50 wt .-%, each based on the total amount of all nonionic surfactants.

• – mit einem Methyl- oder C₂-C₆-Alkylrest endgruppenverschlossene Anlagerungsprodukte von 2 bis 50 Mol Ethylenoxid und/oder 0 bis 5 Mol Propylenoxid an lineare und verzweigte Fettalkohole mit 8 bis 30 C-Atomen, an Fettsäuren mit 8 bis 30 C-Atomen und an Alkylphenole mit 8 bis 15 C-Atomen in der Alkylgruppe, wie beispielsweise die unter den Verkaufsbezeichnungen Dehydol^® LS, Dehydol^® LT (Cognis) erhältlichen Typen,
• – Polyolfettsäureester, wie beispielsweise das Handelsprodukt Hydagen^® HSP (Cognis) oder Sovermol-Typen (Cognis),
• – alkoxilierte Triglyceride,
• – alkoxilierte Fettsäurealkylester der Formel R³⁷CO-(OCH₂CHR³⁸)_wOR³⁹, (TIV), in der R³⁷CO für einen linearen oder verzweigten, gesättigten und/oder ungesättigten Acylrest mit 6 bis 22 Kohlenstoffatomen, R³⁸ für Wasserstoff oder Methyl, R³⁹ für lineare oder verzweigte Alkylreste mit 1 bis 4 Kohlenstoffatomen und w für Zahlen von 1 bis 20 steht,
• – Aminoxide,
• – Hydroxymischether,
• – Sorbitanfettsäureester und Anlagerungeprodukte von Ethylenoxid an Sorbitanfettsäureester wie beispielsweise die Polysorbate,
• – Zuckerfettsäureester und Anlagerungsprodukte von Ethylenoxid an Zuckerfettsäureester,
• – Anlagerungsprodukte von Ethylenoxid an Fettsäurealkanolamide und Fettamine,
• – Fettsäure-N-alkylglucamide.

As already mentioned, the surfactant mixture or the washing or cleaning agent according to the invention contains at least one further nonionic surfactant. Such compounds are, for example

• - with a methyl or C ₂ -C ₆ alkyl radical end-capped addition products of 2 to 50 moles of ethylene oxide and / or 0 to 5 moles of propylene oxide to linear and branched fatty alcohols having 8 to 30 carbon atoms, to fatty acids having 8 to 30 C atoms and onto alkylphenols having 8 to 15 carbon atoms in the alkyl group, such as those available under the trade names Dehydol ^® LS, LT Dehydol ^® types (Cognis),
• - polyol, such as the commercially available product ^® Hydagen HSP (Cognis) or Sovermol types (Cognis),
• - alkoxylated triglycerides,
• - alkoxylated fatty acid alkyl esters of the formula R ³⁷ CO- (OCH ₂ CHR ³⁸ ) _w OR ³⁹ , (TIV), in which R ³⁷ CO is a linear or branched, saturated and / or unsaturated acyl radical having 6 to 22 carbon atoms, R ^{38 is} hydrogen or methyl, R ^{39 is} linear or branched alkyl radicals having 1 to 4 carbon atoms and w is numbers from 1 to 20,
• - amine oxides,
• - hydroxymix ether,
• Sorbitan fatty acid esters and adducts of ethylene oxide with sorbitan fatty acid esters such as the polysorbates,
• Sugar fatty acid esters and addition products of ethylene oxide with sugar fatty acid esters,
• Adducts of ethylene oxide with fatty acid alkanolamides and fatty amines,
• - fatty acid N-alkylglucamides.

With particular preference, the surfactant mixture according to the invention or the washing or cleaning agent according to the invention contains at least one further nonionic surfactant from the group of fatty alcohol ethoxylates, since these surfactants, together with the other two surfactants, give high-performance detergents even at low washing temperatures and, in the case of liquid detergents Preparations have excellent cold stability.

Accordingly, preferred surfactant mixtures according to the invention or detergents or cleaners according to the invention additionally comprise at least one nonionic surfactant of the formula R ^{2 is} -O- (AO) _m -H, in the
R ^{2 is} a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl radical,
AO for an ethylene oxide (EO) or propylene oxide (PO) grouping,
m stands for integers from 1 to 50.

mit k = 11 bis 19, m = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 oder 8. Ganz besonders bevorzugte Vertreter sind C_12-18 Fettalkohole mit 7 EO (k = 11–17, m = 7 in Formel C-1). In the abovementioned formula, R ^{2 is} a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl radical, preferably a linear, unsubstituted alkyl radical, particularly preferably a fatty alcohol radical. Preferred radicals R ² are selected from decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, hexadecyl, heptadecyl, octadecyl, nonadecyl, eicosyl radicals and mixtures thereof, where the representatives with even number of carbon atoms Atoms are preferred. Particularly preferred radicals R ² are derived from C ₁₂ -C ₁₈ -fatty alcohols, for example coconut fatty alcohol, tallow fatty alcohol, lauryl, myristyl, cetyl or stearyl alcohol or C ₁₀ -C ₂₀ -oxo alcohols. AO represents an ethylene oxide (EO) or propylene oxide (PO) moiety, preferably an ethylene oxide moiety. The index n stands for an integer from 1 to 50, preferably from 1 to 20 and especially from 2 to 10. Most preferably, n stands for the numbers 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8. In summary, particular preferred surfactants c) selected from fatty alcohol ethoxylates of the formula C-1

with k = 11 to 19, m = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8. Very particularly preferred representatives are C _12-18 fatty alcohols with 7 EO (k = 11-17, m = 7 in formula C- 1).

Also, the surfactant c) is contained in the surfactant mixture to a certain weight fraction, wherein the amounts are based on the total surfactant, ie on the total amount of the three surfactants a) + b) + c). This sum of the three surfactants is standardized according to the invention as 100%, even if the surfactant should not consist of 100% of the three surfactants a), b) and c).

• i) mindestens ein anionisches Tensid der Formel R¹-O-(AO)_n-SO₃ ^–X⁺,
• ii) mindestens ein anionisches Tensid der Formel R³-A-SO₃ ^–Y⁺
• iii) mindestens ein nichtionisches Tensid der Formel R²-O-(AO)_m-H, enthalten, in denen R¹, R², R³ unabhängig voneinander für einen linearen oder verzweigten, substituierten oder unsubstituierten Alkyl-, Aryl- oder Alkylarylrest, AO für eine Ethylenoxid-(EO) oder Propylenoxid-(PO) Gruppierung, n, m für ganze Zahlen von 1 bis 50, A für -O- oder eine chemische Bindung, X, Y unabhängig voneinander für ein einwertiges Kation oder den n-ten Teil eines n-wertigen Kations stehen.

The statements on preferred anionic and nonionic surfactants, which are used in addition to the surfactants of the formula (I) in summary, preference is given to surfactant mixtures according to the invention or detergents or cleaners which

• i) at least one anionic surfactant of the formula R ¹ -O- (AO) _n -SO ₃ ^- X ^+,
• ii) at least one anionic surfactant of the formula R ³ -A-SO ₃ ^- Y ⁺
• iii) at least one nonionic surfactant of the formula R ² -O- (AO) _m -H, in which R ¹ , R ² , R ³ independently of one another represent a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl radical , AO for an ethylene oxide (EO) or propylene oxide (PO) grouping, n, m for integers from 1 to 50, A for -O- or a chemical bond, X, Y independently represent a monovalent cation or the n -th part of a n-valent cation.

The surfactants i) and ii) have been described above as preferred surfactants a) of the formulas (A-2) and (A-3), the surfactant iii) as the preferred surfactant having the formula (C-1).

• – 30 bis 35 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 31 bis 34 Gew.-% und insbesondere 32 bis 33 Gew.-% Fettalkoholethersulfat(e) [Tensid i) aus der Gruppe a)],
• – 23 bis 28 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 24 bis 27 Gew.-% und insbesondere 25 bis 26 Gew.-% Alkylbenzolsulfonat(e) [Tensid ii) aus der Gruppe a)].
• – 11,5 bis 14 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 12 bis 13,5 Gew.-% und insbesondere 12,5 bis 13 Gew.-% n-Octyl- und/oder n-Decyl-Glycoside [Tensid(e) der Formel (I)],
• – 11,5 bis 14 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 12 bis 13,5 Gew.-% und insbesondere 12,5 bis 13 Gew.-% Fettalkoholethoxylat(e) [Tensid iii) aus der Guppe c)].

Preferred novel surfactant mixtures or detergents or cleaners contain, in addition to the surfactants of the formula (I) (surfactant b)) fatty alcohol ether sulfate (s), fatty alcohol ethoxylate (s) and alkylbenzenesulfonate (s) as surfactants a) and c). Most preferably, these are used within even narrower ranges. Extremely preferred surfactant mixtures or detergents or cleaners contain based on the total amount of surfactants

• From 30 to 35% by weight, preferably from 31 to 34% by weight and in particular from 32 to 33% by weight, of fatty alcohol ether sulfate (s) [surfactant i) from the group a)],
• - 23 to 28 wt .-%, preferably 24 to 27 wt .-% and in particular 25 to 26 wt .-% alkylbenzenesulfonate (s) [surfactant ii) from the group a)].
• - 11.5 to 14 wt .-%, preferably 12 to 13.5 wt .-% and in particular 12.5 to 13 wt .-% of n-octyl and / or n-decyl glycosides [surfactant (s) of Formula (I)],
• - 11.5 to 14 wt .-%, preferably 12 to 13.5 wt .-% and in particular 12.5 to 13 wt .-% fatty alcohol ethoxylate (s) [surfactant iii) from the group c)].

• – 11,5 bis 14 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 12 bis 13,5 Gew.-% und insbesondere 12,5 bis 13 Gew.-% Tensid(e) der Formel (Ia)
  
  in der n für 7 [entsprechend einem Octylrest -(CH₂)₇-CH₃] oder 9 [entsprechend einem Decylrest -(CH₂)₉-CH₃] und p für Zahlen von 1 bis 10 steht,
• – 30 bis 35 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 31 bis 34 Gew.-% und insbesondere 32 bis 33 Gew.-% Fettalkoholethersulfat(e) [Tensid i)] der Formel A-2
  
  mit k = 11 bis 19, n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 oder 8, besonders bevorzugt Na-C_12-14 Fettalkoholethersulfate mit 3 EO (k = 11–13, n = 3),
• – 23 bis 28 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 24 bis 27 Gew.-% und insbesondere 25 bis 26 Gew.-% Alkylbenzolsulfonat(e) [Tensid ii)] der Formel A-3
  
  in der R´ und R´´ zusammen 9 bis 19, vorzugsweise 11 bis 15 und insbesondere 11 bis 13 C-Atome enthalten, besonders bevorzugt Alkylbenzolsulfonat(e) [Tensid ii)] der Formel A-3a
  
• – 11,5 bis 14 Gew.-%, vorzugsweise 12 bis 13,5 Gew.-% und insbesondere 12,5 bis 13 Gew.-% Fettalkoholethoxylat(e) [Tensid iii)] der Formel C-1
  
  mit k = 11 bis 19, m = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 oder 8, besonders bevorzugt C_12-18 Fettalkohole mit 7 EO (k = 11–17, m = 7).

Particularly preferred surfactant mixtures or liquid detergents or cleaners contain based on the total amount of surfactants

• 11.5 to 14% by weight, preferably 12 to 13.5% by weight and in particular 12.5 to 13% by weight of surfactant (s) of the formula (Ia)
  
  in which n is 7 [corresponding to an octyl radical - (CH ₂ ) ₇ -CH ₃ ] or 9 [corresponding to a decyl radical - (CH ₂ ) ₉ -CH ₃ ] and p is from 1 to 10,
• - 30 to 35 wt .-%, preferably 31 to 34 wt .-% and in particular 32 to 33 wt .-% fatty alcohol ether sulfate (s) [surfactant i)] of the formula A-2
  
  with k = 11 to 19, n = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, more preferably Na-C _12-14 fatty alcohol _ether sulfates with 3 EO (k = 11-13, n = 3),
• From 23 to 28% by weight, preferably from 24 to 27% by weight and in particular from 25 to 26% by weight of alkylbenzenesulfonate (s) [surfactant ii)] of the formula A-3
  
  in which R 'and R "together contain 9 to 19, preferably 11 to 15 and in particular 11 to 13 C-atoms, particularly preferably alkylbenzenesulfonate (s) [surfactant ii)] of the formula A-3a
  
• - 11.5 to 14 wt .-%, preferably 12 to 13.5 wt .-% and in particular 12.5 to 13 wt .-% fatty alcohol ethoxylate (s) [surfactant iii)] of the formula C-1
  
  with k = 11 to 19, m = 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 or 8, particularly preferably C _12-18 fatty alcohols with 7 EO (k = 11-17, m = 7).

The surfactant system according to the invention is present in the detergents or cleaners according to the invention in amounts of from 1 to 40% by weight, preferably from 2.5 to 39% by weight, more preferably from 5 to 5, based on the total amount of the detergent or cleaning agent 38 wt .-%, more preferably from 7.5 to 37 wt .-%, even more preferably from 8.5 to 36 wt .-% and in particular from 10 to 35 wt .-%.

Preferred detergents or cleaners contain 2 to 25% by weight, preferably 2.5 to 20% by weight, more preferably 3 to 17.5% by weight and in particular 5 to 12, based on the total amount of the detergent or cleaning agent , 5% by weight of fatty alcohol ether sulfate (s) [surfactant i)].

Further preferred washing or cleaning agents contain, based on the total amount of the washing or cleaning agent, 2.5 to 20 wt .-%, preferably 3 to 18 wt .-%, more preferably 3.5 to 17 wt .-%, even more preferably From 4 to 15% by weight and in particular from 5 to 10% by weight of surfactants from the group comprising C _9-13- alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, C _12-18 -alkanesulfonates, ester sulfonates, alk (en) ylsulfates, and mixtures thereof [surfactant ii )].

Further preferred detergents or cleaning agents contain 1 to 15% by weight, preferably 2 to 14% by weight, more preferably 2.5 to 13% by weight, even more preferably 3 to 15, based on the total amount of the detergent or cleaning agent 10% by weight and especially 3.5 to 6% by weight of fatty alcohol ethoxylate (s) [surfactant iii)].

Particularly preferred detergents or cleaners contain nonionic surfactants in specific amounts. Extremely preferred detergents or cleaners according to the invention are characterized in that the total amount of nonionic surfactants, based on the weight of the washing or cleaning agent, is 1 to 20% by weight, preferably 2 to 15% by weight, more preferably 2.5 to 12 , 5 wt .-%, even more preferably 3 to 11 wt .-% and in particular 4 to 10 wt .-% is.

It has proved to be advantageous for the cold washing performance and the low-temperature stability if the washing or cleaning agents according to the invention additionally contain soap (s). Preferred washing or cleaning agents according to the invention are characterized in that they contain, based on their weight, 0.5 to 15% by weight, preferably 1 to 12.5% by weight, more preferably 1.5 to 10% by weight. %, more preferably 2 to 7.5 wt .-% and in particular 2.5 to 6 wt .-% soap (s) included.

In addition to the surfactant system according to the invention, the washing or cleaning agent according to the invention may contain further ingredients which further improve the performance and / or aesthetic properties of the washing or cleaning agent. In the context of the present invention, the washing or cleaning agent preferably additionally contains one or more substances from the group of builders, bleaches, electrolytes, nonaqueous solvents, pH adjusters, perfumes, perfume carriers, fluorescers, dyes, hydrotropes, foam inhibitors, silicone oils, antiredeposition agents, Graying inhibitors, anti-shrinkage agents, anti-wrinkling agents, color transfer inhibitors, antimicrobial agents, germicides, fungicides, antioxidants, preservatives, corrosion inhibitors, antistatic agents, bittering agents, ironing aids, repellents and impregnating agents, swelling and anti-slip agents, plasticizing components and UV absorbers.

Suitable builders which may be present in the washing or cleaning agent are in particular silicates, aluminum silicates (in particular zeolites), carbonates, salts of organic di- and polycarboxylic acids and mixtures of these substances.

Organic builders which may be present in the washing or cleaning agent are, for example, the polycarboxylic acids which can be used in the form of their sodium salts, polycarboxylic acids meaning those carboxylic acids which carry more than one acid function. These are, for example, citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, malic acid, tartaric acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, sugar acids, aminocarboxylic acids, nitrilotriacetic acid (NTA), methylglycinediacetic acid (MGDA) and derivatives thereof and mixtures thereof. Preferred salts are the salts of polycarboxylic acids such as citric acid, adipic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, tartaric acid, sugar acids and mixtures thereof.

As builders further polymeric polycarboxylates are suitable. These are, for example, the alkali metal salts of polyacrylic acid or polymethacrylic acid, for example, those having a molecular weight of 600 to 750,000 g / mol.

Suitable polymers are in particular polyacrylates, which preferably have a molecular weight of from 1,000 to 15,000 g / mol. Because of their superior solubility, the short-chain polyacrylates, which have molecular weights of from 1,000 to 10,000 g / mol, and particularly preferably from 1,000 to 5,000 g / mol, may again be preferred from this group.

Also suitable are copolymeric polycarboxylates, in particular those of acrylic acid with methacrylic acid and of acrylic acid or methacrylic acid with maleic acid. To improve the water solubility, the polymers may also contain allylsulfonic acids, such as allyloxybenzenesulfonic acid and methallylsulfonic acid, as a monomer.

Soluble builders, such as, for example, citric acid, or acrylic polymers having a molar mass of from 1,000 to 5,000 g / mol are preferably used in liquid detergents or cleaners.

It is preferred that the detergents contain an enzyme or a mixture of enzymes. Particularly suitable are those from the class of the hydrolases such as the proteases, (poly) esterases, lipases, amylases, glycosyl hydrolases, cellulases, hemicellulases, cutinases, β-glucanases, oxidases, peroxidases, mannanases, perhydrolases, Oxireduktasen and / or laccases. The amount of enzyme or of the enzymes is preferably 0.01 to 10 wt .-%, preferably 0.12 to about 3 wt .-%, based on the total washing or cleaning agent. In liquid formulations, the enzymes are preferably used as enzyme liquid formulation (s).

Preferred detergents or cleaners are liquid and preferably contain water as the main solvent. It is preferred that the washing or cleaning agent more than 5 wt .-%, preferably more than 15 wt .-% and particularly preferably more than 25 wt .-%, each based on the total amount of detergent or cleaning agent, water contains. Particularly preferred liquid detergents or cleaners according to the invention contain, based on their weight, 5 to 90% by weight, preferably 10 to 85% by weight, particularly preferably 25 to 75% by weight and in particular 35 to 65% by weight. Water.

In addition, nonaqueous solvents can be added to the washing or cleaning agent. Suitable non-aqueous solvents include mono- or polyhydric alcohols, alkanolamines or glycol ethers, provided that they are miscible with water in the specified concentration range. Preferably, the solvents are selected from ethanol, n-propanol, i-propanol, butanols, glycol, propanediol, butanediol, methylpropanediol, glycerol, diglycol, propyldiglycol, butyldiglycol, hexylene glycol, Ethylene glycol methyl ether, ethylene glycol ethyl ether, ethylene glycol propyl ether, ethylene glycol mono-n-butyl ether, diethylene glycol methyl ether, diethylene glycol ethyl ether, propylene glycol methyl ether, propylene glycol ethyl ether, propylene glycol propyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, dipropylene glycol monoethyl ether, methoxytriglycol, ethoxytriglycol, butoxytriglycol, 1-butoxyethoxy-2-propanol, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, propylene glycol. glycol t-butyl ether, di-n-octyl ether and mixtures of these solvents. However, it is preferred that the washing or cleaning agent contains an alcohol, in particular ethanol and / or glycerol, in amounts between 0.5 and 5 wt .-%, based on the total washing or cleaning agent.

In addition to these constituents, a liquid washing or cleaning agent may contain dispersed particles whose diameter along their greatest spatial extent is preferably 1 to 2000 μm.

For the purposes of the present invention, particles may be capsules, abrasives as well as powders, granules or compounds of compounds which are insoluble in the washing or cleaning agent, with capsules being preferred.

The term "capsule" on the one hand understood aggregates with a core-shell structure and on the other hand aggregates with a matrix. Core-shell capsules contain at least one solid or liquid core which is enclosed by at least one continuous shell, in particular a shell of polymer (s).

Inside the capsules, sensitive, chemically or physically incompatible as well as volatile components (= active ingredients) of the liquid washing or cleaning agent can be enclosed stable in storage and transport. The capsules may include, for example, optical brighteners, surfactants, complexing agents, bleaches, bleach activators, dyes and fragrances, antioxidants, builders, enzymes, enzyme stabilizers, antimicrobial agents, graying inhibitors, anti redeposition agents, pH adjusters, electrolytes, detergency boosters, vitamins, proteins , Foam inhibitors and UV absorbers are located. The fillings of the capsules may be solids or liquids in the form of solutions or emulsions or suspensions.

The capsules may have any shape in the production-related framework, but they are preferably approximately spherical. Their diameter along their greatest spatial extent may be between 1 μm and 2000 μm, depending on the components contained within and their application.

Alternatively, it is also possible to use particles which have no core-shell structure but in which the active substance is distributed in a matrix of a matrix-forming material. Such particles are also referred to as "matrix particles".

The matrix formation in these materials takes place for example via gelation, polyanion-polycation interactions or polyelectrolyte-metal ion interactions and is well known in the art as well as the production of particles with these matrix-forming materials. An exemplary matrix-forming material is alginate. For producing alginate-based speckles is an aqueous alginate solution which also contains the entrapped active ingredient or active ingredients to be entrapped, and then dripped cured ³⁺ ions precipitation bath containing ions in a Ca ²⁺ or Al. Alternatively, other, matrix-forming materials can be used instead of alginate.

The capsules can be stably dispersed in the liquid detergents or cleaners. Stable means that the detergents or cleaning agents are stable at room temperature for a period of at least 4 weeks, and preferably for at least 6 weeks, without the particles in the medium creaming or sedimenting.

The release of the active ingredients from the capsules is usually carried out by destruction of the shell or the matrix due to mechanical, thermal, chemical or enzymatic action.

In a preferred embodiment, the liquid detergents or cleaners contain capsules in which one or more fragrances are contained.

Alternatively, the particles may comprise abrasives such as plastic or calcium carbonate beads as well as powders, granules or compounds of compounds insoluble in the detergent or cleaning agent.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the liquid washing or cleaning agents contain identical or different particles in amounts of 0.05 to 10 wt .-%, in particular 0.1 to 8 wt .-% and most preferably 0.2 to 5 wt. -%.

A further subject of the present invention relates to the use of nonionic surfactants of the formula (I) R ¹ O- [G] _p (I), in which R ^{1 is} - (CH ₂ ) ₇ -CH ₃ or - (CH ₂ ) ₉ -CH ₃ , G is a sugar moiety of 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number of 1 to 10, to increase the washing performance of greases Soiling at temperatures below 40 ° C.

With regard to preferred embodiments of the use according to the invention, the statements made on the surfactant systems according to the invention and liquid detergents or cleaning agents apply mutatis mutandis.

Examples:

All data in% by weight.

Table 1 shows a liquid detergent B according to the invention in comparison with a commercial liquid detergent A: TABLE 1 A (reference) B C _9-13 Alkylbenzenesulfonate, Na salt 8th 8th C _12-18 fatty alcohol with 7 EO 8th 4 C _12-14 fatty alcohol _ether sulfate with 2 EO 10 10 C _12-18 fatty acid, Na salt 5 5 citric acid 3 3 Sodium hydroxide, 50% 3.5 3.5 boric acid 1 1 enzymes 1.5 1.5 Perfume 1.5 1.5 propanediol 2.5 2.5 ethanol 2 2 Optical brightener 0.1 0.1 Phosphonic acid, Na salt 0.5 0.5 C _8-10 alkyl glucoside, degree of oligomerization 1.6 0 4 water on 100 on 100

For the washing tests, household washing machines (Miele W 1614) were loaded with 3.5 kg accompanying laundry as well as soiled cloth rags. In addition, 80 g / 75 ml of the detergent to be tested were added and washed at 20 ° C. Detergent A from Table 1 was used as reference and compared with Detergent B according to the invention. In Formulation B, half of the C _12-18 fatty alcohol with 7 EO was replaced by the surfactant used according to the invention. After hanging drying and mangling of the cloth rags their whiteness was determined spectrophotometrically (Minolta CR400-1). Table 2 shows the measured values of the formulations according to the invention as the difference between formulation A and mean values of 6 determinations indicated. Positive values show an improvement in the washing performance and a stronger leaching of the stain. The soiled textiles were made by themselves.

There are good effects with up to 6 units improvement in greasy soiling at 20 ° C. Table 2: soiling Difference A against B LSD Dust-skin fat / oil 6.7 2.6 Make up 3.7 2.5 Lard, colored 2.6 1.7

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 19736906 A [0014]

Claims (12)

A surfactant mixture comprising a) at least one anionic surfactant, b) at least one nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) R ¹ O- [G] _p (I), in which R ^{1 is} - (CH ₂ ) ₇ -CH ₃ or - (CH ₂ ) ₉ -CH ₃ , G is a sugar residue with 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number from 1 to 10, characterized in that the nonionic Surfactant of the formula (I) in an amount of 10 to 90 wt .-%, based on the total amount of all nonionic surfactants is included. Surfactant mixture according to claim 1, additionally containing at least one nonionic surfactant of the formula R ^{2 is} -O- (AO) _m -H, in which R ^{2 is} a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl radical, AO is an ethylene oxide (EO) or propylene oxide (PO) grouping, m is an integer from 1 to 50. Washing or cleaning compositions containing a) at least one anionic surfactant, b) at least one nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) R ¹ O- [G] _p (I), in which R ^{1 is} - (CH ₂ ) ₇ -CH ₃ or - (CH ₂ ) ₉ -CH ₃ , G is a sugar residue with 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number from 1 to 10, characterized in that the nonionic Surfactant of the formula (I) in an amount of 10 to 90 wt .-%, based on the total amount of all nonionic surfactants is included. Surfactant mixture according to one of claims 1 or 2 or washing or cleaning agent according to claim 3, characterized in that the nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) in an amount of 15 to 80 wt .-%, preferably from 20 to 70, more preferably from 30 to 60, more preferably from 35 to 55 and in particular from 40 to 50 wt .-%, each based on the total amount of all nonionic surfactants. Surfactant mixture according to one of claims 1, 2 or 4 or detergent or cleaner according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in that it contains a nonionic surfactant of the formula (I) in which G is a glucose residue and p is a number from 1.4 to 1.8, preferably from 1.45 to 1.75, more preferably from 1.5 to 1.7 and especially from 1.55 to 1.65. Surfactant mixture according to one of claims 1, 2, 4 or 5 or washing or cleaning agent according to one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that it i) at least one anionic surfactant of the formula R ¹ -O- (AO) _n -SO ₃ ^- X ⁺ , ii) at least one anionic surfactant of the formula R ³ -A-SO ₃ ^- Y ⁺ iii) contains at least one nonionic surfactant of the formula R ² -O- (AO) _m -H, in which R ¹ , R ² , R ³ are each independently a linear or branched, substituted or unsubstituted alkyl, aryl or alkylaryl radical, AO is an ethylene oxide (EO) or propylene oxide (PO) grouping, n, m are integers from 1 to 50, A is -O- or a chemical bond, X, Y independently of one another are a monovalent cation or the nth part of an n-valent cation. Detergent or cleaner according to one of Claims 3 to 6, characterized in that, based on its weight, it contains 2 to 25% by weight, preferably 2.5 to 20% by weight, more preferably 3 to 17.5% by weight. % and in particular 5 to 12.5 wt .-% fatty alcohol ether sulfate (s) [surfactant i)]. Detergent or cleaner according to one of Claims 3 to 7, characterized in that, based on its weight, it contains from 2.5 to 20% by weight, preferably from 3 to 18% by weight, more preferably from 3.5 to 17% by weight. %, even more preferably 4 to 15% by weight and in particular 5 to 10% by weight of surfactants from the group comprising C _9-13- alkylbenzenesulfonates, olefinsulfonates, C _12-18 -alkanesulfonates, ester sulfonates, alk (en) ylsulfates, and Mixtures thereof [surfactant ii)]. Washing or cleaning agent according to one of Claims 3 to 8, characterized in that, based on its weight, it contains from 1 to 15% by weight, preferably from 2 to 14% by weight, more preferably from 2.5 to 13% by weight, even more preferably from 3 to 10% by weight and in particular from 3.5 to 6% by weight of fatty alcohol ethoxylate (s) [surfactant iii)]. Washing or cleaning agent according to one of claims 3 to 9, characterized in that the total amount of nonionic surfactants, based on the weight of the washing or cleaning agent 1 to 20 wt .-%, preferably 2 to 15 wt .-%, more preferably 2 , 5 to 12.5 wt .-%, more preferably 3 to 11 wt .-% and in particular 4 to 10 wt .-% is. Washing or cleaning agent according to one of claims 3 to 10, characterized in that it - based on its weight - 0.5 to 15 wt .-%, preferably 1 to 12.5 wt .-%, more preferably 1.5 to 10 wt .-%, more preferably 2 to 7.5 wt .-% and in particular 2.5 to 6 wt .-% soap (s). Use of nonionic surfactants of the formula (I) R ¹ O- [G] _p (I), in which R ^{1 is} - (CH ₂ ) ₇ -CH ₃ or - (CH ₂ ) ₉ -CH ₃ , G is a sugar moiety of 5 or 6 carbon atoms and p is a number of 1 to 10, to increase the washing performance of greases Soiling at temperatures below 40 ° C.