DE102012202854A1 - Gearbox for clutch actuator in powertrain of e.g. motor car, has connecting rod that is located to connect shift element with freewheel so as to transmit torque to freewheel - Google Patents

Abstract

The gearbox (1) has a drive shaft (2) which is connected with a force transmission element (3). The force transmission element is connected with freewheel (17) so that the driven shaft (20) is more drivable. The force transmission element is provided with a pivotable lever (4). The shift element is moved in certain load situations by the lever. A connecting rod (16) is located to connect shift element with freewheel so as to transmit torque to freewheel. The freewheel is reversible in blocking direction. Independent claims are included for the following: (1) clutch actuator; and (2) powertrain.

Description

The invention relates to a transmission with variable ratio, for a vehicle, such as a motor vehicle or a bicycle, with a drive shaft which is connected to a power transmission member, wherein the power transmission member is connected to a freewheel, that an output shaft is driven over it, said Power transmission member is designed as a pivotable lever, on the lever a movable on this in certain load situations displacement element is present and a connecting rod connecting the displacement element force and torque transmitting with the freewheel.

The drive shaft may be configured as a spindle or connected to a spindle. Actuators are understood as actuators. They can also be referred to as actuators.

Although so-called "crank-CVT transmission" from the prior art are known, such as from DE 10 2009 042 079 A1 , but they have not yet found their way into the actuators.

The DE 10 2009 042 079 A1 discloses a "crank CVT transmission" including a freewheel device in communication with an output shaft of the transmission. The freewheel device is adapted to selectively enable or block relative rotation between the freewheel device and the output shaft. Furthermore, the "crank-CVT transmission" includes a switching unit adapted to switch the freewheel device, and an inner shaft which is connectable to the output shaft and via a connecting means with a differential. The inner shaft is displaceable in the axial direction of the output shaft. The "crank CVT transmission" further includes an actuator that interacts with the switching unit that switches between an output unit and a differential, and that is adapted to initiate the switching of the freewheel device. The actuator has a first mechanism, the first mechanism is adapted to move the inner shaft in the axial direction for separating the inner shaft of the differential. The actuator further includes a second mechanism. The second mechanism is adapted to drive the switching unit reciprocating between the output unit and a differential. In this case, the two mechanism is coupled to the first mechanism and is driven in time after the first mechanism.

Also known from the prior art are clutches, such as friction clutches with actuators. For example, the DE 10 2009 015 151 A1 a friction clutch with an actuator without release bearing. It is disclosed that energy and control data for supplying and controlling a arranged on the friction clutch actuator is transmitted via an electromagnetic clutch and the friction clutch is actuated by means of a caused by the actuator rotation of the pressure plate of the friction clutch acting on ramp device.

Also, from the prior art, numerous engine-transmission modules are known, purely for the sake of clarity on the DE 10 2008 051 455 A1 is pointed out.

The invention is intended to be used together with such friction clutches and engine transmission modules.

It is the object of the invention to provide actuator drives which enable highly non-linear high ratios and are freely adjustable. Also, the known from the prior art disadvantages should be avoided.

Disclosure of the invention

This object is achieved in that the freewheel is reversible in its blocking direction, so so him and is switchable that once torque is transferable only in one direction and the other time only in the other direction.

Such a switchability is achieved by adding a reversing device. By using different actuators then the direction of rotation of the reversing device can be activated, so that the blocking direction of the freewheel can be switched. For this purpose, electromechanical, mechanical or connecting these two principles have proven actuators. A control of the translation and direction reversal by the smallest adjusting means at the lowest power is then feasible.

Advantageous embodiments are claimed in the subclaims and are explained in more detail below.

Thus, it is advantageous if the drive shaft is connected via a cam disc with the lever pivotably mounted on a transmission housing. Non-linear and freely adjustable / controllable translations, together with a reversal of the direction of rotation, can then be effectively realized. The drive can be realized by a main drive for different Aktorstellvorgänge, with different actuating means for selecting the direction of rotation and the translation can be used.

It is also advantageous if there is a coupling between the drive shaft and the cam disc. In this way, actuation processes can be initiated highly individually.

If a plurality of cams, preferably three cams, either rigidly and permanently connected to the drive shaft or are individually switchable, so on the one hand, a particularly cost-effective variant can be achieved and on the other hand a needs-based connection are made possible.

Often at least one cam is used per actuation. The cam can be replaced by e.g. be driven by an electric motor or e.g. be driven directly via a mechanical tap of another rotating shaft.

The translation, so the feasibility of a rapid traverse to overcome the clutch release clearance and an operation gear for generating the force at low travel, but with high gear ratio, is made possible when the displacement element arranged on a side remote from the drive shaft side of a pivot point of the pivotable, bent lever is.

An advantageous embodiment is further characterized in that the displacement element is designed as a sliding part, which clamped on the lever designed as a pendulum in the case that train or pressure is transmitted to the connecting rod, so that it is no longer displaceable along the lever , The actuator initiating the shift then has to apply only small forces, so it can, for example, be realized by a piezoelectric element itself.

Other electrical, electromechanical or purely mechanical actuators, such as Bowden cables, can be used depending on the required precision requirements and cost pressures.

It is also useful if between the gear housing and the displacement element, a spring member such. a non-linear spring is used. Such a spring member may comprise a compensation spring, which also acts as a return spring. By means of such a compensation spring, the so-called "max. Torque" of the engine can be reduced by up to 50%. It is particularly useful here if a non-linear translation is selected accordingly. The spring elements can be designed as compression, tension or rotation springs. It is also advantageous if several springs are combined to form a spring element, be it in series or in parallel.

The invention also relates to a clutch actuator with an already explained inventive transmission.

Expedient is the case when the drive shaft with a master cylinder, such as a hydraulic clutch actuator (HCA), interacts.

The invention also relates to a drive train with a master cylinder, which acts as Kraftweiterleitungs- or generating organ, between which and an electric motor, the transmission according to the invention is installed.

The invention can be used on electric motor and / or internal combustion engine driven vehicles, such as motor vehicles, eg. Passenger cars or trucks. However, the applicability to electric bicycles and purely powered by muscle power bicycles is also conceivable.

The invention will be explained in more detail with the aid of a first embodiment. It shows the 1 the application of the transmission in the bicycle area, namely in the range of the sprocket and the crankshaft.

The figure is merely schematic in nature and is only for understanding the invention.

In 1 is an inventive transmission 1 shown. The transmission according to the invention 1 has a variable ratio and can be used in a vehicle such as a motor vehicle or a bicycle.

The gear 1 has a drive shaft 2 on that with a power transmission 3 connected is. The power transmission system 3 is as a lever 4 educated. The lever 4 has a first end 5 and a second end 6 on, with the second end 6 may be termed the free end and the first end 5 with a cam disc 7 communicates with the cam disk 7 is formed as a triple cam and has two components offset by 60 °.

The first end 5 of the lever 4 can on the outer contour of the cam disk 7 slide off or roll off. The cam disk 7 , which through the drive shaft 2 , which can also be called a spindle, is set in motion while rotating about a pivot point 8th , The fulcrum 8th is a stationary with a gearbox 9 connected pin. On the pivot 8th opposite side, from the cam disk 7 seen from, is a sliding element 10 slidable on the surface of the lever 4 trained power transmission 3 stored.

An actuator 11 is on the gearbox 9 attached and via an adjusting means 12 with the sliding element 10 connected. In the illustrated embodiment, the actuator 11 as Bowden cable 13 molded and with the sliding part 14 trained sliding element 10 connected. The sliding part 14 could possibly also be called a sliding block.

On the sliding part 14 also attacks a spring organ 15 on, which with the gearbox 9 connected is. The spring organ 15 includes two return springs.

On the sliding part 14 is a connecting rod 16 attached, with a freewheel 17 connected is. The freewheel 17 has an outer freewheel ring 18 on. The connecting rod 16 is articulated both with the sliding part 14 , as well as with the outer freewheel ring 18 connected. About a sprag freewheel 19 can depending on the direction of rotation torque on an output shaft 20 be spent. The freewheel 17 has between the output shaft 20 and the outer freewheel ring 18 also an inner freewheel ring 21 ,

The freewheel 17 is switchable with respect to its blocking direction. When switched in the one-way direction, it transmits torque in the one-to-one direction and not in the other-second direction. Whereas, when switching to the other / second position, it transmits torque only in the other / second direction and not in the one / first direction.

In detail, at least one cam disc 7 used per actuation. This cam disc 7 is driven by, for example, an electric motor or eg directly via a mechanical tap on a rotating shaft.

It is suggested the cam disc 7 to turn only when needed, for example, this turn on by an electromagnetically actuated clutch, if necessary, with the cams 7 when actuated individually or in total can be switched or alternatively only all rigidly on a drive shaft 2 can sit.

The adjustable sliding part 14 is adjusted via so-called. "Mini actuators", eg electromagnetic, electric motor, hydraulic, pneumatic, mechanical, by means of piezo actuators or a combination thereof.

Here is the sliding part 16 on the lever, also referred to as a pendulum arm 4 so guided that by the force acting on the connecting rod 16 in tension and compression, the sliding part 14 clamped on the pendulum so that the mini actuators need not absorb the support forces.

The slider 14 can be connected by a variety of means with the actuator, such as. By a Bowden cable 13 ,

Also, the actuator on the slider 14 sit and be moved with it. The reversal of direction takes place by means of a switchable freewheel, not shown in the exemplary embodiment, which is likewise actuated by miniactuators, which have already been described above. Thus, the part of the Aktuatorgetriebes is shown, which converts a rotating movement via a highly variable ratio in a likewise rotating movement, the direction can be selected as / to. The rotating movement must now be implemented, for example, in a linear movement, for which purpose, for example, a threaded spindle, a Planetenwälzgetriebe or a ball screw can be used.

When using a compensation spring in the context of the spring element 15 , possibly a rotationally acting compensation spring can be used on highly non-linear springs, since the non-linear translation can also be chosen accordingly here. The compensation spring can reduce the maximum torque of the motor by up to 50%.

As advantages to conventional systems, the adaptive non-linear translation, the high spread, the possible use of much smaller motors, the possibility of driving by means of various operations with e.g. an electric motor, the possibility to use radially larger electric motors without neodymium, since the present invention proposed transmissions are designed very flat, the possibility of a zero crossing at the actuator torque using a e.g. Also rotary compensating spring to use and thereby halve the maximum torque, the reduction of the electronics costs, as eliminating power amplifiers for motors and the operation of the two mini actuators are needed, and to point out the high efficiency.

The embodiment according to 1 refers to a bicycle, but is equally well used in a slightly modified design in a car.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

 transmission

2

 drive shaft

3

 A transmission element

4

 lever

5

 first end

6

 second end

7

 cam

8th

 pivot point

9

 gearbox

10

 displacement element

11

 actuator

12

 actuating means

13

 Bowden

14

 slide

15

 spring member

16

 pleuel

17

 freewheel

18

 outer freewheel ring

19

 Sprag

20

 output shaft

21

 inner freewheel ring

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102009042079 A1 [0003, 0004]
• DE 102009015151 A1 [0005]
• DE 102008051455 A1 [0006]

Claims (10)

Transmission ( 1 ) for a vehicle, such as a motor vehicle or a bicycle, with a drive shaft ( 2 ), which is connected to a power transmission system ( 3 ), wherein the power transmission element ( 3 ) so with a freewheel ( 17 ), that an output shaft ( 20 ) is drivable, wherein the power transmission member ( 3 ) as a pivotable lever ( 4 ) is configured on the lever ( 4 ) a movable on this in certain loading situations sliding element ( 10 ) is present and a connecting rod ( 16 ) the displacement element ( 10 ) transmitting force and torque with the freewheel ( 17 ), characterized in that the freewheel ( 17 ) is switchable in its blocking direction. Transmission ( 1 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the drive shaft ( 2 ) via a cam disc ( 7 ) with the on a transmission housing ( 9 ) pivotally mounted lever ( 4 ) connected is. Transmission ( 1 ) according to claim 2, characterized in that between the drive shaft ( 2 ) and the cam disc ( 7 ) a coupling is present. Transmission ( 1 ) according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a plurality of cams ( 7 ), preferably three cams ( 7 ), either rigidly and permanently with the drive shaft ( 2 ) are connected or are individually switchable. Transmission ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the displacement element ( 10 ) on one of the drive shaft ( 2 ) remote side of a fulcrum ( 8th ) of the hinged, bent lever ( 4 ) is arranged. Transmission ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the displacement element ( 10 ) as a sliding part ( 14 ) is formed on the lever designed as a pendulum ( 4 ) in the event that tension or pressure on the connecting rod ( 16 ), so jammed that it is no longer along the lever ( 4 ) is displaceable. Transmission ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that between a transmission housing ( 9 ) and the displacement element ( 10 ) a spring member ( 15 ), as at least one non-linear spring is used. Clutch actuator with a transmission ( 1 ) according to any one of the preceding claims. Clutch actuator according to claim 8, characterized in that the drive shaft ( 2 ) interacts with a master cylinder. Drive train with a master cylinder, which acts as Kraftweiterleitungs- or generating organ, between this and an electric motor, a transmission ( 1 ) is arranged according to one of claims 1 to 7.

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