DE102012105550B4 - Forestry working machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a forestry working machine (1), in particular a harvester for harvesting and processing of tree trunks. The forestry work machine (1) comprises a caterpillar drive (4) and a vehicle part (110) arranged thereon with a liftable and lowerable boom arm (114) and an extendable boom section. Furthermore, the caterpillar drive (4) comprises two crawler vessels (10), each with a steel chain (12) guided over at least two deflection wheels (12) of a first chain width (BK), wherein at least two of each caterpillar (10) between the two deflection wheels (14) bottom side rollers (20) having a second width (BR) for supporting and guiding a bottom-side chain portion are arranged, wherein the rollers (20) and the guide wheels (14) each have axes of rotation parallel to each other and perpendicular to the running direction (L) of the crawler vessels (10) are aligned. According to the invention, the caterpillars (10) each comprise at least one first running shoe (50), on the underside (52) of which at least two casters (50) arranged one behind the other in the running direction (L) are arranged centrally to the first chain width (BK) and to a pair of rollers (25 ) are summarized. The at least one running shoe (50) is pivotally coupled to a connecting bridge (60) in an upper region (51) via a first axis of rotation (X1) and the connecting bridge (60) is pivotably mounted on a supporting frame (2) via a second axis of rotation (X2) ) of the caterpillar (10), wherein the first and the second rotation axis (X1, X2) parallel to each other, parallel to the axes of rotation of the rollers (20) and deflecting wheels (14) and perpendicular to the running direction (L) of the crawler vessels (10) aligned are and wherein the first axis of rotation (X1) above the respective running shoe (50) arranged rollers (20, 22) of a roller pair (25) is arranged.

Description

State of the art

In the forest work, especially when removing trees, so-called harvesters are generally used. These are wood harvesting machines that cut down trees, strain them, cut them to length and place the assortments on the lane. Because the work processes take place without manual labor, this is also referred to as a "fully mechanized" timber harvest.

Most of the harvesters used are wheel harvesters, in some cases tracked harvesters are also used. Caterpillar harvester have on each side of a steel track drive or crawler ship. The advantage of tracked harvesters compared to wheel harvesters is in particular that the tracked harvester on uneven terrain, for example on slopes, have a better state. In particular, uneven floors can be better compensated. Also, the risk of damaging the forest floor can be reduced using caterpillar harvester as tracked harvester have a larger footprint and thus the weight of the harvester over the larger footprint can be distributed to the forest floor. For example, a tracked harvester can work up to 15 m on a slope of up to 70% with full crane delivery. The advantage of the Radharvester, however, lies in their mobility: When transfers of Radharvester on forest roads, no low loader is required.

WO 2006/018 215 A1 discloses a landing gear for agricultural machinery and all-terrain vehicles with a sprung, pad-optimized belt drive. The belt drive comprises a deflection roller and a support and deflection roller. The axle load is introduced into the rocker arm via a suspension axle.

DE 20 2010 009 744 U1 shows a caterpillar or steel track drive for self-propelled work vehicles with a guided over at least two pulleys steel chain and with multiple rollers, the rollers are at least partially adjustable at least in one axial direction, so that two of the rollers lowered and the other rollers are raised.

The nearest one DE 36 08 251 A1 discloses a crawler track for caterpillars, the caterpillar drive comprises two caterpillars each having a guided over at least two pulleys steel chains of a first chain width, wherein between the two pulleys each caterpillar each at least two bottom side rollers are arranged with a second width for supporting and guiding a bottom-side chain portion wherein the rollers and the guide wheels each have axes of rotation which are aligned parallel to each other and perpendicular to the direction of the crawler vessels and wherein the caterpillars each comprise at least a first running shoe, arranged on the underside of each at least two rollers arranged one behind the other in the running direction centrally to the first chain width and are combined to form a pair of rollers, wherein the at least one running shoe in an upper region via a first axis of rotation gekopbeweglich with a connecting bridge pelt is and the connecting bridge via a second axis of rotation is pivotally mounted on a support frame of the caterpillar, wherein the first and the second axis of rotation parallel to each other, parallel to the axes of rotation of the rollers and pulleys and perpendicular to the direction of the crawler vessels are aligned and wherein the first axis of rotation above arranged on the respective running shoe rollers of a pair of rollers is arranged.

WO 2011/067 470 A1 and the US 2005/0 206 238 A1 each relate to a caterpillar drive with two pairs of rollers, which are each connected via cylinders with a support structure. About the cylinder pivotal movement of the respective rollers can be blocked.

US 2010/0244 554 A1 shows a chain drive with a support member which rests on the side of the chain to prevent slipping of the chain. The chain of the drive is guided over several rollers.

WO 2010/014 995 A2 relates to a clamping device for a chassis with circumferential webbing. The tensioning device comprises a pinion, which is vertically adjustable relative to rollers for tensioning the strap.

DE 102 00 175 A1 relates to a crawler undercarriage with two parallel crawler tracks. The relative distance of the crawler carriers can be predefined for track spreading.

The object of the invention is to optimize a forestry work machine with a caterpillar drive for use in forestry work, so that the stability of the forestry work machine is increased in uneven ground conditions. Another object is to provide a forestry work machine with a caterpillar drive, in which no warping of the chain takes place.

The objects of the invention are characterized by the subject matter having the features of independent Claim 1 reached. Further advantageous embodiments are described by the subclaims.

description

The invention relates to a forestry machine, in particular a harvester for harvesting and processing of logs. The forestry work machine includes a caterpillar drive on which a movable vehicle part is arranged with a raisable and lowerable boom arm having an extendable boom section. For example, the movable vehicle part may have a tilting joint for movement. The caterpillar drive consists of two caterpillars and comprises in one direction at least two, each guided over at least two pulleys steel chains, in particular a steel chain per caterpillar. The steel chains have a first chain width. Between the two pulleys of the steel chain of each caterpillar ship at least two rollers are arranged. The rollers have a second width, which is generally less than the first chain width. The rollers are mounted centrally to the steel chain or to the steel plates and exercise statically a carrying function. In particular, they distribute the total weight and thus the ground pressure of the forestry machine evenly to the full length of the crawler vessels and the full track width of the track.

The rollers and the guide wheels each have rotational axes which are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the running direction of the steel chains. On the steel chains used steel plates are screwed on, as rubber plates wear when working in the forest quickly. The term chain width of the steel chains refers in particular to the width of the screwed steel plates perpendicular to the direction of travel. The steel plates are preferably arranged slightly spaced from each other, so that no closed lower surface is formed. This gives the steel chains the necessary flexibility to effectively compensate for uneven floors.

Each caterpillar ship comprises at least one running shoe, on the underside of which at least two rollers are rotatably arranged and combined to form a pair of rollers. The rollers are arranged one behind the other in the running direction of the crawler vessels. The running shoe is pivotally mounted on a connecting bridge in an upper region via a first axis of rotation. The connecting bridge is pivotally mounted on a second axis of rotation on the support frame of the caterpillar. The first and the second axis of rotation are aligned parallel to each other and perpendicular to the running direction of the steel chains, wherein the first axis of rotation is above the runners arranged on the rollers of a pair of rollers, in particular wherein the first axis of rotation is arranged centrally above the running shoes arranged on the rollers of a pair of rollers. Figuratively speaking: If one were to connect the axes of rotation of the two rollers coupled to one another via the running shoe and to orient a straight line upwards from the center of this distance, then the first axis of rotation is preferably at a point on this upwardly leading straight line. In a rotational movement of the running shoe about the first axis of rotation pivots, for example, a roller of a pair of rollers in a circular arc-shaped movement upward, while the other coupled roller of the pair of rollers pivots in a corresponding movement down and / or the first roller follows. For example, if the first roller pivots obliquely to the left above, the coupled roller pivots obliquely in a coupled movement to the bottom left and / or follows the first roller.

At least one base-side bearing surface or at least one base-side bearing surface pair is associated with at least one roller pair combined via a running shoe and / or at least one deflection wheel on the side or on both sides. The at least one bottom bearing surface increases the footprint of the pair of rollers on the steel chain. The at least one support surface is fixedly arranged on the underside of the running shoe and movable with the running shoe on the support frame of the caterpillar.

In particular, it is provided that the support surface or the support surface pair each protrude laterally beyond the support surfaces of the rollers or pulleys. That the bearing surfaces cover chain width of the steel chain or steel plates laterally of the rollers and / or the guide wheels at least in sections, so that the footprint of the support and / or guide wheels is increased to the steel chain or steel plates. This prevents the steel chain from twisting. Furthermore, with a constant width of the rollers, a steel chain with an increased bottom plate width can be used, whereby the ground pressure can be effectively reduced. When using the bearing surfaces, the danger of twisting the chain can be excluded.

According to a preferred embodiment of the invention it can be provided that two running shoes, each with a pair of rollers are arranged in each case pivotally via first pivot axes at spaced mounting points in the lower region of a connecting bridge. The connecting bridge is in the upper area via a second Rotary axis pivotally mounted on the support frame of the caterpillar. Thus, in this embodiment, a total of four rollers are mounted twice movable on the crawler, wherein the movement of the four rollers is coupled together, in particular, the movement of the two rollers arranged together on a running shoes is coupled together. Furthermore, in this preferred embodiment, the movement of the roller pair arranged on the first running shoe is coupled via the connecting bridge to the movement of the pair of rollers arranged on the second running shoe.

The running shoe with a pair of rollers can be designed as a rocking device. Preferably, the running shoe has in its upper region an axle receptacle for a first axis of rotation, which is parallel to the axis of rotation of the rollers and perpendicular to the running direction of the caterpillar. The connecting bridge has in its lower region, or on its underside, at least one, preferably two spaced apart axes or axle mounts. About a first axis of rotation of the running shoe and the connecting bridge are pivotally connected together. If, when driving over an obstacle, the leading roller advancing in the direction of travel is moved upward in the direction of travel, the following roller coupled to the leading roller via the running shoe moves downwards and downwards in accordance with the rotational or pivotal movement of the running shoe about the first axis of rotation / or follows the first roller.

The connecting bridge may be formed as a second rocker device by being arranged pivotably on a support frame of the crawler vessel via a second axis of rotation. According to a first embodiment, the connecting bridge is largely mirror-symmetrical and has in its lower region two first axes of rotation or axle for two first axes of rotation and in its upper part an axle for a second axis of rotation, wherein the first and the second axis of rotation in each case parallel to the axes of rotation the rollers and pulleys and are aligned perpendicular to the direction of the caterpillar. In particular, the mirror plane may in this case run through the upper second axle receptacle and through the middle of a path connecting the axes of rotation of the rollers. Starting from the upper second axle receiving the connecting bridge comprises two each obliquely downwardly directed bridge arms, at the free ends of each is a first axle receiving a first axis of rotation. In this embodiment, running shoes with rollers are arranged on the bridge arms of the connecting bridge via the lower first rotary axes arranged in the axle receptacles, and the connecting bridge is fastened rotatably or pivotably on the supporting frame of the crawler vessel via the second rotary axis arranged above.

According to a further embodiment, the connecting bridge at the free end of the one bridge arm on a second axle receptacle for rotatably mounting a running shoe with a total of two rollers. By contrast, it is provided that at the free end of another second bridge arm, a fastening device for direct arrangement of a roller is provided. These arrangements can also be referred to as a double rocker. With such a double rocker is a particularly advantageous adaptation of the inclination of the caterpillar drive to the slope of a slope o.ä. possible, in particular, the movement of the two rollers of the running shoe at the free end of a bridge arm and a roller at the free end of the second bridge arm is coupled together.

Depending on the desired length of the caterpillars, different numbers of rollers between the pulleys are arranged. Depending on the existing space, which is limited inter alia by other components of the crawler ship - for example, by the arrangement of a necessary Stahlkettenspannvorrichtung etc.- different numbers of double rockers with two running shoes or with only one running shoe and a simply movably arranged roller used to possible many of the rollers to store movable.

For example, it is provided that the bearing surfaces are designed skid-shaped. Preferably, two bearing surfaces are arranged as bearing surface pair parallel to each other, opposite each other, and in planes parallel to the direction and perpendicular to a transport plane fixed to outer side edges of the underside of the at least one running shoe, so that they perform the same movement as the running shoe or so that the movement the bearing surfaces is transferred to the running shoe. That The bearing surfaces are arranged on the running shoes and the connecting bridges each movable on the support frame of the crawler vessels. The bearing surfaces are used in particular to stabilize the outer edges of the floor panels. This leads to an improved stability of the drive. The additional lateral runner support makes it possible to use the entire width of the steel chain plate as contact area. This is advantageous when working on slopes, especially when the cab is rotated by up to 90 ° to the drive and the boom is extended.

With the movable bearing surfaces can, depending on the nature of the substrate Bumps are compensated advantageous. When driving over obstacles such as tree stumps, strong branches, large stones or similar. Only a small area of the steel chain adapts to the uneven ground, while the rest of the steel chain remains unaffected. In conventionally known caterpillar drives, however, there is a tilting of the entire caterpillar drive, which can be effectively avoided here. The caterpillar drive according to the definition thus has a higher flexibility compared to the caterpillar drives already known from the prior art, resulting in greater smoothness of the entire harvester according to the invention. So the steel chains are still on the ground with most of the bottom surface. Only in the area of unevenness is a local evasion of the steel chain upwards, which is possible by the movable mounting of the rollers in connection with an adjustment of the chain tension. Likewise, a movement of the bearing surfaces can be done together with the chain on uneven ground conditions.

According to one embodiment of the invention, it is provided that a caterpillar of a caterpillar drive comprises a plurality of the deflection wheels and the rollers laterally associated bottom side bearing surfaces or bearing surface pairs. At least the bottom side bearing surfaces or bearing surface pairs, which are associated with the running shoes, are in this case arranged movably together with the respective running shoe on the support frame of the tracked ship. In particular, caterpillars are equipped with seven movable between the pulleys arranged rollers with a five-piece runner. In particular, a first front runner pair is assigned to the preceding in the direction of the guide wheel or guide wheel and rigidly attached to the support frame of the track drive. Avoiding the steel chain in uneven floors is not necessary in this deflection. Six of the movable rollers are combined by means of running shoes as three pairs of rollers. The directly adjacent to the stator wheel and a pair of rollers are pivotally mounted on a second embodiment of the connecting bridge (see above) on the support frame of the caterpillar and the other two pairs of rollers are arranged on a first embodiment of the connecting bridge (see above) pivotally mounted on the support frame of the caterpillar. The three pairs of rollers are each assigned a middle runner pair. Furthermore, the trailing deflection or drive wheel is associated with a rear pair of runners, which in turn is rigidly or fixedly attached to the support frame of the track drive. By the footprints of the rollers and pulleys widening skids the stability of the caterpillar drive is increased many times. In particular, a distortion of the steel chain when driving over bumps is effectively avoided.

The movable subdivision bearing surfaces can also be used alone to achieve a better adaptation of the steel chains of a caterpillar drive to irregularities in the ground. The subdivided, at least partially individually movable bearing surfaces need not necessarily be used in connection with the above-described double-movable bearing of the rollers or in connection with the summary of the rollers as pairs of rollers and their double-movable storage. The divided, at least partially individually movable bearing surfaces can also be used advantageously in connection with otherwise movably mounted rollers.

In summary, the invention relates to a forestry machine with a caterpillar drive with caterpillars, which are driven by caterpillar gears and standard steel chain belts. At least a portion of the rollers can be movably arranged on movable supports in the form of rocker devices, in particular in the form of double rockers, on the support frame of the crawler vessels. Preferably, the Wippvorrichtungen are bolt-mounted. When driving over bumps and thus necessary deformation of the steel chain, the length of the steel chain must be regularly adjusted accordingly. The necessary chain tension can in this case be produced on both sides by means of a grease-tensioning cylinder or elastomeric tensioner.

In addition, the two crawler vessels are telescopic. The frame structure of the caterpillar drive is associated with a telescopic device for horizontal spacing of the crawler vessels. The telescopic device comprises telescopic arms with associated hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders for horizontal displacement of the crawler vessels. In particular, four hydraulic cylinders can be provided for this purpose with which the crawler vessels are displaced horizontally and thus the distance between the crawler vessels can be adjusted. It is preferably provided that the track width can be increased from a transport width of about 300 cm to a working width of about 360 cm. Depending on the arrangement of the hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder on the frame construction, a further broadening of the distance between the crawler vessels and thus a further improvement in stability can be achieved.

The use of the flexible drive according to the invention in combination with a track widening facilitates work in the forest, especially on inclines. By the possibility of Track broadening the base of the machine can be performed easily and remains stable even with a long boom. There is less pressure exerted on the ground or the pressure on the soil is better distributed, so that the drive according to the invention is gentler on the forest floor. The narrow track width of about 300cm is necessary so that the forestry machine can be transported via normal roads to the place of use.

figure description

In the following, embodiments of the invention and their advantages with reference to the accompanying figures will be explained in more detail. The proportions of the individual elements to one another in the figures do not always correspond to the actual size ratios, since some shapes are simplified and other shapes are shown enlarged in relation to other elements for better illustration.

1 . 3 and 6 (C) each show a side view of a caterpillar of a caterpillar drive;

2 shows a view of a caterpillar of a caterpillar drive without steel chain from above;

4 (A) and 4 (B) each show different views of a first embodiment of a double-movable storage of rollers;

5 (A) and 5 (B) show respectively different views of an embodiment of a running shoe;

6 (A) and 6 (B) show in each case different views of a second embodiment of a double-movable storage of rollers;

7 (A) . 7 (B) . 8 (A) . 8 (B) . 9 (A) and 9 (B) show various embodiments of supporting support skids;

10 (A) and (B) show various perspective views of a crawler vessel;

11 (A) to (C) show various perspective views of a caterpillar on an uneven surface;

12 (A) and (B) each show a chassis of a forestry work machine in different perspective views;

13 (A) and (B) show track broadening of a caterpillar track of a forestry work machine according to the invention;

14 shows a harvester according to the invention with caterpillar drive;

For identical or equivalent elements of the invention, identical reference numerals are used. Furthermore, for the sake of clarity, only reference symbols are shown in the individual figures, which are required for the description of the respective figure. The illustrated embodiments are merely examples of how the apparatus or system of the invention may be configured.

1 shows a side view of a caterpillar 10 a caterpillar drive of a forestry machine according to the invention and 2 shows a view of a caterpillar 10 such a caterpillar drive without steel chain 12 from above. The caterpillar drive comprises two crawler vessels 10 , Each of these crawler vessels 10 includes in the direction L at least one steel chain 12 , each via deflecting wheels 14 is guided, in particular, the steel chain 12 via a rear drive wheel 15 and over a front stator 16 guided. Between the two pulleys 14 Bottom are nine so-called lower rollers 20 arranged, in particular, is adjacent to the drive wheel 15 a rear caster 21 and adjacent to the stator 16 a front caster 23 , Between these are seven middle rollers 22 . 22 * arranged. Furthermore, the caterpillar includes 10 three upper rollers 30 that together with the pulleys 14 and the lower rollers 20 the guide contour for the steel chain 12 form. The rollers 20 . 30 and the pulleys 14 each have rotational axes which are parallel to each other and perpendicular to the direction L of the steel chain 12 are. The used steel chain 12 is preferably made of steel plates, which are arranged slightly spaced from each other, so that no closed lower running surface is formed. This gives the steel chain 12 the necessary flexibility to compensate for uneven floors.

Furthermore, bottom-side supporting support runners 40 shown. In particular, the drive wheel 15 and the rear wheel 21 a rear support skids pair 41 , the stator 16 and the foremost roller 23 a front support skids pair 43 and the middle rollers 22 middle support skids pairs 42 assigned. In particular, it is provided that in each case two middle rollers 22 as a pair of rollers 25 are summarized and each a middle edition skids pair 42 a pair of rollers 25 assigned. The runners 40 protrude laterally over the rollers 20 or deflecting wheels 14 out, leaving the footprint on the steel chain 12 is increased.

4 and 6 (A, B) show various embodiments of a two-way storage of middle rollers 22 . 22 * a width BR. According to the invention is a running shoe 50 with an upper area 51 and a bottom 52 intended. On the bottom 52 of the running shoe 50 are at least two middle rollers 22 rotatably arranged and thus through the running shoe 50 to a pair of rollers 25 summarized. The running shoe 50 is in 5 shown alone. He points in the upper area 51 an axle mount 55 for a first axis of rotation X1. The running shoe 50 is pivotally movable on a connecting bridge via the first axis of rotation X1 60 arranged. On the bottom 52 of the running shoe 50 are first fasteners 80 , in particular screw or thread 81 , for fixing the rollers 22 on the running shoe 50 , On the bottom 52 of the running shoe 50 are still second fasteners 82 , in particular screw or thread 83 , for fixing the support runners 40 . 42 on the running shoe 50 ,

According to the in 4 illustrated embodiment, the connecting bridge 60a mirror-symmetrical, in particular boomerang-shaped, with two bridge arms 64 , constructed and points at the free ends 65 the downwardly directed bridge arms 64 each attachment or holding devices for first axes of rotation X1 and in the upper part of a recording 63 for a second rotation axis X2, wherein the first and second rotation axes X1, X2 are respectively parallel to the rotation axes of the rollers 20 and deflecting wheels 14 and perpendicular to the direction L of the caterpillar 10 (see. 1 ) are aligned. In particular, the mirror axis A passes through the upper second axle receptacle 63 directed vertically downwards through the center of one of the mounting or holding devices of the two free ends 65 Connecting connecting line S. About these lower first axes of rotation X1 are respectively the running shoes 50 with rollers 22 pivotable at the connecting bridge 60a arranged. Over the upper second axis X2 is the connecting bridge 60a rotatable or pivotable on the support frame 2 (see. 3 ) of the caterpillar drive attached. The middle rollers 22 are thus double-rocked, as they have a running shoe 50 pivotable on a connecting bridge 60a are arranged, which in turn pivotally mounted on the support frame 2 of the crawler ship is arranged.

According to the in 6 (A, B) illustrated embodiment, the connecting bridge 60b at the free end 65 of the one bridge arm 64 a holding device for a first axis of rotation X1 for rotatably mounting a running shoe 50 on. By contrast, it is envisaged that at the free end 65 * the other bridge arm 64 * directly fastening devices 67 for the front caster 23 (see. 1 ) adjacent caster 22 * are provided.

In the in the 1 . 3 and 6 (C) illustrated embodiment of the caterpillar drive are the seven middle rollers 22 , 22 * movably mounted. The foremost of the middle rollers 22 * is pivotally mounted on the support frame only via a connecting bridge, while the other six middle rollers are each mounted double-tilted. The foremost and the rearmost roller 23 . 21 are in the embodiment shown, each rigidly mounted or for example individually sprung on the support frame, since the place for a gewippte storage via a running shoe described above 50 and a connection bridge 60 not available. In particular, in the area of the foremost caster 23 arranged the fat clamping cylinder or Elastomerspanner over which the steel chain tension is continuously adjusted.

Depending on the length of the caterpillar ship 10 Can more or less rollers 20 in each case via running shoes and connecting bridges combined and stored double-tilted on the supporting frame. The use of a first embodiment 60a a connection bridge and a second embodiment 60b a connecting bridge to the movable arrangement of a total of seven rollers 22 . 22 * where six of the rollers 22 each with a running shoe 50 paired in pairs and thus stored doubly tilted, is thus to be understood only as an example.

Furthermore, in the 4 and 6 (A, B) the attachment of the middle support runners 42 shown. These are arranged in pairs in particular. On every running shoe 50 are each outside two support skids 42 parallel to the direction L arranged so that they are laterally over the rollers 22 protrude. In particular, the arrangement comprises pair of rollers 25 , Running shoe 50 and support runners arranged thereon 42 a total width BG on. The runners 42 are rigid on the running shoe 50 attached and thus lead the same movement as the running shoe 50 out. Alternatively it can be provided that the support runners 42 her movement on the running shoe 50 and thus on the rollers 22 transfer. The lower bearing surfaces 45 the support skids 42 in particular serve to stabilize the outer edges of the steel chain (not shown, cf. 1 ).

7 . 8th and 9 show various embodiments of supporting support skids 40 , in particular shows 7 an embodiment of the rear support skids 41 . 8th 7 shows an embodiment of the middle support skids 42 and 9 an embodiment of the front support runners 43 , The runners 40 are each designed as pairs of runners, wherein the two runners of each runner pair each have a connecting frame element 46-1 . 46-2 and 46-3 can be connected to each other. Alternatively it can be provided to secure the runners of a runner pair individually.

8 (B) shows that the connecting frame element 46-2 of the middle support runner pair 42 fasteners 47 provides, whose arrangement with the arrangement of the second fastening devices 82 of the running shoe 50 (see. 5 (A) ) corresponds. In particular, these are also screw receptacles or threads 48 so that the running shoe and the middle pad runner 42 over the fastening devices 52 . 47 connected to each other, in particular can be screwed. The lateral runner support in addition to the central support by the rollers 22 (see. 6 (A, B) ) allows largely the entire steel chain plate width of the steel chain 12 to use as a footprint.

In particular, caterpillars 10 , each of seven movably arranged between the pulleys wheels 22 . 22 * have, equipped with a five-part runner. The five-part runner consists in particular of a front pair of runners 43 , three middle runners pairs 42 and a rear pad runner pair 41 , As a result, the stability of the caterpillar drive is increased many times. The front support skids pair 43 and the rear pad runner pair 41 also have fastening devices 93 . 91 on, over the pad runner pairs 43 . 41 each stationary on the support frame 2 (see. 6 (C) ) of the caterpillar vessels 10 be attached.

10 (A) and (B) show various perspective views of a crawler vessel 10 , For a description of the individual components cf. 1 to 9 , The caterpillars are each via telescopic arms 71 a telescopic device 70 on the drive frame construction 5 (see. 13 ) arranged.

11 (A) to (C) show various perspective views of a caterpillar 10 on an uneven surface U. In particular, in view B the support frame 2 left off, leaving the arrangement of running shoes 50 and connecting bridges 60 and thus the double movable bearing of the center of the steel chain 12 guided moving rollers 22 is visible. In particular one recognizes in 11 (B) that the rollers 20 and the pulleys 14 in the middle of the steel chain 12 are guided and the steel chain on both sides laterally over the rollers 20 and deflecting wheels 14 protrudes, ie the width BK of the steel chain 12 is greater than the width BR of the rollers 20 (see. 4 ). The rigidly arranged front and rear runner pairs 43 . 41 widen the bearing surface in the area of the deflection wheels 14 so that the side edges of the steel chain 12 in the entire area resting on the substrate U on both sides of the rollers 20 and deflecting wheels 14 supported and thus protected against twisting. In particular, an arrangement consisting of a pair of rollers 25 and one over a running shoe 50 associated middle support skids pair 42 a total width BG (cf. 4 ), which is approximately the width BK of the steel chain 12 equivalent.

When driving over an obstacle are vorsterst arranged rollers 22 . 22 * first pushed up while over the running shoe 50 and / or the connection bridge 60 coupled trailing wheels are moved in the direction of travel down. Has the first roller 22 . 22 * overcome the highest point of the obstacle and moves in the direction of downward direction, the trailing rollers are successively moved upwards over the coupling, so that the shape of the steel chain 12 conforms to the shape of the underground U. In order to compensate for unevenness advantageous, the chain length must be flexible. By changing the chain tension by means of a fat clamping cylinder 100 the chain tension adapts accordingly.

12 (A) and (B) each show a landing gear 3 a forestry machine in different perspective views. The chassis 3 consists of a caterpillar drive 4 comprising two crawler vessels 10 , On the base frame of the caterpillar drive 4 is a tilt and tilt device 6 arranged. On this, the driver's cab and the machinery of the forestry machine are arranged movable (see. 14 ).

13 (A) and (B) show the track broadening of a caterpillar drive 4 a forestry machine according to the invention. The caterpillar drive 4 is shown in a front view, so that both caterpillars 10 are recognizable. The caterpillars 10 are via a telescope device 70 on a base frame 5 attached. In particular, there are four telescopic arms 71 provided, each a hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder 72 etc. include (see also 10 (A) and (B)), so that the length of the telescopic arms 71 controlled is adjustable. In particular, two telescopic arm frame members connecting the caterpillars are provided, in each of which two hydraulic cylinders are arranged. By actuating the hydraulic cylinders become the caterpillars 10 horizontally shifted so that the mean distance of the crawler vessels 10 can be adjusted continuously between a first transport width BT and a second working width BA. The narrow transport width BT of approx. 300cm is necessary so that the forestry machine can be transported to the place of use via normal roads. A preferably adjustable working width BA is approximately 360cm.

According to a further embodiment, the base frame comprises 5 four parallel to each other and perpendicular to the longitudinal extent of the crawler vessels 10 arranged Teleskoparmrahmenelemente each with a hydraulic cylinder. The hydraulic cylinders can thus be made larger, in particular longer, whereby a further increase in the second working width BA is possible.

Also in the 13 (A) and (B) is the one on the caterpillar drive 4 arranged tilting or tilting device 6 represented by a driver's cab and the working machinery (not shown) on the caterpillar drive 1 is attached. Via a corresponding setting of the tilting or tilting device 6 can be adjusted even when working on slopes advantageous horizontal alignment of the cab.

14 shows a harvester according to the invention 1 with caterpillar drive 4 when working on slopes, where the surface U also has clear bumps. On the base frame 5 of the caterpillar drive 4 is a tilting or tilting device 6 arranged over which the machine part 110 with driver's cab 112 and a raisable and lowerable boom 114 at the caterpillar drive 40 is attached. About the tilting or tilting device 6 can the machine part 110 with driver's cab 112 always be aligned horizontally, so that's the harvester 1 operating operator when working on a slope can assume an optimal horizontally oriented working position. About the double movably mounted rollers 22 will be an optimal adaptation of the steel chains 12 of the two crawler vessels 10 reached to the shape of the underground U. By means of the support runners 40 . 41 . 42 . 43 Will the steadiness of the harvester 1 also raised on a slope.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

Harvester

2

supporting frame

3

landing gear

4

Caterpillar tracks

5

base frame

6

Tilting / tilting device

10

tracked ship

12

steel chain

14

guide wheel

15

(rear) drive wheel

16

(front) stator

20

caster

21

(rear) roller

22, 22 *

(middle) roller

23

(front) caster

25

Pair of castors

30

upper roller

40

support runner

41

(rear) pad runner

42

(middle) support runner

43

(front) pad runner

45

(lower) bearing surface

46

connecting frame element

47

fastening device

48

thread

50

running Shoe

51

upper area

52

bottom

55

axle mount

60

connecting bridge

63

axle mount

64

bridge arm

65

free end

67

fastening device

70

telescopic device

71

telescopic arm

72

Hydraulic or pneumatic cylinder

80

first fastening device

81

thread

82

second fastening device

83

thread

91

fastening device

93

fastening device

100

Fat clamping cylinder

110

machinery

112

cab

114

boom

A

mirror axis

L

direction

S

connecting line

U

underground

X

axis of rotation

Claims (12)

Forestry machine ( 1 ), whereby the forestry machine ( 1 ) a caterpillar drive ( 4 ) and a movably arranged vehicle part ( 110 ) with a raised and lowered cantilever arm ( 114 ) and an extendible boom section, wherein the track drive ( 4 ) two caterpillars ( 10 ) each having at least two deflection wheels ( 14 ) guided steel chain ( 12 ) comprises a first chain width (BK), wherein between the two deflection wheels ( 14 ) of each caterpillar ( 10 ) at least two bottom side rollers ( 20 ) are arranged with a second width (BR) for supporting and guiding a bottom-side chain portion, wherein the rollers ( 20 ) and the deflection wheels ( 14 ) each have rotational axes parallel to each other and perpendicular to the running direction (L) of the crawler vessels ( 10 ) and where the caterpillars ( 10 ) at least one first running shoe ( 50 ), on its underside ( 52 ) at least two in the running direction (L) successively arranged rollers ( 50 ) arranged centrally to the first chain width (BK) and to a pair of rollers ( 25 ), wherein the at least one running shoe ( 50 ) in an upper area ( 51 ) pivotable about a first axis of rotation (X1) with a connecting bridge ( 60 ) and the connecting bridge ( 60 ) via a second axis of rotation (X2) pivotally mounted on a support frame ( 2 ) of the crawler ship ( 10 ), wherein the first and the second rotation axis (X1, X2) parallel to each other, parallel to the axes of rotation of the rollers ( 20 ) and deflection wheels ( 14 ) and perpendicular to the direction (L) of the crawler vessels ( 10 ) and wherein the first axis of rotation (X1) above the respective running shoe ( 50 ) arranged rollers ( 20 ) of a roller pair ( 25 ), wherein at least one of a running shoe ( 50 ) pair of rollers ( 25 ) to increase the footprint on the steel chain ( 12 ) laterally at least one bottom support surface ( 40 ) and wherein the at least one contact surface ( 40 ) fixed to the bottom ( 52 ) of the running shoe ( 50 ) and with the running shoe ( 50 ) movable on the support frame ( 2 ) of the crawler ship is arranged. Forestry machine ( 1 ) according to claim 1, wherein the first axis of rotation (X1) respectively centrally above the respective running shoe (X1) 50 ) arranged rollers ( 20 ) of a roller pair ( 25 ) is arranged. Forestry machine ( 1 ) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein two running shoes ( 50 ) via in each case a first axis of rotation (X1) pivotally mounted on the connecting bridge ( 60 . 60a ) and this in turn on the second axis of rotation (X2) pivotally mounted on the support frame ( 2 ) of the crawler ship ( 10 ) is arranged. Forestry machine ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the running shoes ( 50 ) at the connecting bridge ( 60 ) are bolt-mounted and / or wherein the connecting bridges ( 60 ) on the support frame ( 2 ) of the crawler ship ( 10 ) are bolt-mounted. Forestry machine ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one deflection wheel ( 14 ) laterally at least one bottom support surface ( 40 ) assigned. Forestry machine according to claim 5, wherein the bearing surfaces ( 40 ) the chain width (BK) laterally of the rollers ( 20 ) and / or the deflection wheels ( 14 ) cover at least in sections. Forestry machine according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the at least one bearing surface ( 40 ) is designed skid-shaped. Forestry machine according to one of claims 5 to 7, wherein at least one bearing surface pair fixed to the bottom ( 52 ) of a running shoe ( 50 ) and with the running shoe ( 50 ) movable on the support frame ( 2 ) of the crawler ship ( 10 ) is arranged. Forestry machine according to one of claims 5 to 8, wherein the deflection wheels ( 14 ) associated bearing surfaces ( 40 . 41 . 43 ) or bearing surface pairs each immovable on the support frame ( 2 ) of the crawler ship ( 10 ) are arranged. Forestry machine according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the track drive a plurality of the deflection wheels ( 14 ) and the wheels ( 20 ) laterally associated bottom side bearing surfaces ( 40 ) or bearing surface pairs, wherein at least the pairs of rollers ( 25 ) of running shoes ( 50 ) associated bottom side bearing surfaces ( 40 ) or bearing surface pairs movable on the support frame ( 2 ) of the crawler ship ( 10 ) are arranged. Forestry machine according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a frame construction ( 5 ) of the caterpillar drive ( 4 ) a telescopic device ( 70 ) for the horizontal spacing of the crawler vessels ( 10 ) assigned. Forestry machine according to claim 11, wherein the telescopic device ( 70 ) Telescopic arms ( 71 ) with associated hydraulic or pneumatic cylinders ( 72 ) for the horizontal displacement of the caterpillars ( 10 ).

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