DE102012018033A1 - Drive device for a motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a drive device (10) for a motor vehicle, with at least one electrical machine (12) which has a stator element (14) as the first machine element (14) and a rotor element rotatable about an axis of rotation (18) relative to the stator element (14) (16) as a second machine element (16), with at least one of the machine elements (14, 16) delimiting at least one receiving space (50) at least in the radial direction outward, in which at least one component (52) of the drive device is at least partially received is, wherein the component (52) is designed as a damping element (52) for damping torsional vibrations, and a motor vehicle with such a drive device (10).

Description

The invention relates to a drive device for a motor vehicle according to the preamble of claim 1 and a motor vehicle.

Such a drive device for a motor vehicle is the WO 2012/006522 A2 to be known as known. The drive device comprises an electric machine with a stator element as the first machine element and with a rotor element as the second machine element. The rotor element is rotatable about an axis of rotation relative to the stator. At least one receiving space is bounded outwards at least in the radial direction by the rotor element. In this case, a component of the drive device is received in the receiving space. The component is a coupling via which the rotor element can be coupled to a drive shaft.

The US 2012/0013211 A1 discloses an electric machine having a stator element and a rotor element which are rotatable relative to each other about an axis of rotation. By the rotor element, a receiving space is limited in the radial direction outward, in which a component in the form of a planetary gear is arranged at least partially.

Furthermore, from the GB 1,096,738 A an electric machine with a rotor element and with a stator known. The rotor element and the stator element are accommodated in a housing in which a transmission is also received.

Also the DE 199 52 625 A1 discloses a drive device for a motor vehicle, comprising at least one electric machine, which comprises a stator element as a first machine element and a rotor element rotatable about an axis of rotation relative to the stator element as a second machine element. At least one receiving space is limited by the rotor element at least in the radial direction to the outside, wherein at least one component of the drive device is at least partially received in the receiving space. The component is a planetary gear.

Of the DE 10 2010 015 593 A1 is to be taken as known drive means for a vehicle. The drive device comprises an electric motor with an internal rotor and a differential driven by the rotor of the electric motor. In this case, the differential is at least partially disposed within the rotor.

From the DE 44 40 565 A1 is a motor gear with a joint assembly in a planetary gear drive-driving electric motor for, inter alia, an application as an elevator gear known. It is envisaged that the transmission and the engine part overlap partition walls and the free spaces of both parts are completely filled with oil.

Finally, the reveals JP 2008141864 A an electric machine to which a parallel planetary gear is arranged outside the electric machine.

By integrating the at least one component into the receiving space, in particular the space requirement of the drive device in the axial direction can be kept low. However, it has been shown that the ride comfort of a motor vehicle, which is driven by means of such a drive device, is in need of improvement.

It is therefore an object of the present invention, a drive device and a motor vehicle with such a drive device further such that the drive device has a particularly low space requirement and allows the realization of a particularly high ride comfort.

This object is achieved by a drive device having the features of patent claim 1 and by a motor vehicle having the features of patent claim 7. Advantageous embodiments with expedient and non-trivial developments of the invention are specified in the remaining claims.

Such a drive device for a motor vehicle, in particular a passenger car, comprises at least one electric machine with a stator element as the first machine element and with a rotor element as the second machine element. The rotor element is rotatable about an axis of rotation relative to the stator. By at least one of the machine elements at least one receiving space is limited at least in the radial direction to the outside, wherein in the receiving space, a component of the drive device is at least partially accommodated.

To realize a particularly low space requirement and a particularly comfortable driving behavior, the component is designed as a damping element for damping torsional vibrations. By means of the damping element thus rotational irregularities can be damped, which in particular vehicle occupants of the motor vehicle benefits in terms of realizable ride comfort. At the same time, in particular The space requirement of the drive device in the axial direction are kept low because the damping element is arranged in the axial direction at least partially within the receiving space and not completely connected in the axial direction of the electric machine.

Due to the small axial space requirement, a particularly compact design of the drive device is realized, so that this is particularly suitable for transverse installation in motor vehicles. In such a transverse installation, the axis of rotation extends in the vehicle transverse direction, that is, at least substantially transversely to the vehicle longitudinal direction. However, the drive device according to the invention is also readily suitable for longitudinal installation, in which the axis of rotation extends at least substantially in the vehicle longitudinal direction.

In addition to the damping element, at least one further component can also be arranged at least partially in the receiving space. Such a further component is, for example, a transmission, in particular a planetary gear. The gear ratio of the transmission, in particular of the planetary gear, is preferably designed such that a tendency of low torque density of the transmission can be compensated by operating at relatively high speeds, but limits of the mechanical strength of the rotor element are not exceeded.

Alternatively or additionally, the further component may also be a coupling, in particular a positive and / or non-positive coupling for the demand-dependent coupling or uncoupling of drive elements. This is, for example, a claw or friction disc clutch. The coupling is adjustable between a coupling position and a release position. In the coupling position, two gear elements which are rotatable relative to one another, in particular relative to one another, are coupled to one another, so that torques are transmitted between the coupled gear elements. In the release position, the gear elements are decoupled from each other so that they can rotate relative to each other.

The further component may also be another gearbox, for example a spur gear stage for converting torques, by means of which torques provided by the electric machine and / or by an internal combustion engine of the drive device and to be transmitted via the gearbox can be converted.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, the damping element has at least one centrifugal pendulum for damping torsional vibrations or torsional vibrations. Such a centrifugal pendulum allows a particularly efficient damping of torsional or torsional vibrations, so that the drive device has a particularly comfortable driving behavior.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the damping element is designed as a so-called torsion damper and comprises at least one elastic element, in particular a spring element, and at least two coaxially arranged damping parts. The damping parts are rotatable relative to one another about a common axis of rotation and can be supported or supported on one another via the elastic element. In this axis of rotation about which the damping parts are rotatable relative to each other, it may be the axis of rotation about which also the rotor element and the stator element are rotatable relative to each other.

As a result of the support or Abstützbarkeit the damping parts via the elastic member to each other torques can be transmitted between the damping parts, wherein rotational irregularities between the damping parts are damped by means of the spring element. The torsion damper in this case has only a very small space requirement, in particular in the axial direction.

To realize a very high smoothness and thus a particularly high ride comfort of the drive device, it is provided in a further embodiment of the invention that the damping parts are rotatably connected in each case with at least one rotating about rotating axis flywheel. As a result, a two-mass flywheel is created, by means of which a particularly high ride comfort of the drive device can be realized.

The component which is at least partially integrated into the receiving space in the drive device according to the invention is therefore a so-called comfort module for compensating for rotational irregularities.

In a further, particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, a shaft rotatable about the rotation axis and drivable by the rotor element is arranged in the receiving space, which can be driven via the damping element. The shaft is preferably an output shaft of the drive device, via which at least one wheel of the motor vehicle can be driven. The shaft is decoupled or decoupled by means of the damping element of a driving the shaft drive element, so that a very good ride comfort can be realized.

This vibrational decoupling is particularly advantageous if it is the drive element to an internal combustion engine, in particular a reciprocating internal combustion engine, the drive device. For technical reasons, such an internal combustion engine has an at least substantially pulsating torque output. This pulsating torque output can be attenuated by means of the damping element and thus smoothed, which leads to a very high ride comfort.

In particular, designed as a 3-cylinder internal combustion engine reciprocating internal combustion engine has relatively high, internal combustion engine rotational irregularities, which are space-efficient, effective and efficient to damp by means of the damping element.

The invention also includes a motor vehicle with a drive device according to the invention. Advantageous embodiments of the drive device according to the invention are to be regarded as advantageous embodiments of the motor vehicle according to the invention and vice versa.

The integration of the damping element in the receiving space and the resulting, very compact design of the drive device package problems can be avoided and / or solved in a motor vehicle according to the invention. Furthermore, the motor vehicle, in particular for vehicle occupants of the motor vehicle, a very high level of comfort, since rotational irregularities in particular of the internal combustion engine can be damped.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention will become apparent from the following description of preferred embodiments and from the drawing. The features and combinations of features mentioned above in the description as well as the following features and feature combinations mentioned in the description of the figures and / or figures alone are usable not only in the respectively indicated combination but also in other combinations or alone, without the scope of To leave invention.

The drawing shows in:

1 a perspective view of a drive device for a motor vehicle, with two electric machines, each comprising a rotor element and a stator, wherein by the rotor element of the electric machine in the radial outward direction a receiving space is limited, in which a damping element for damping torsional vibrations at least partially is included; and

2 a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a further embodiment of the drive device.

In the figures, identical or functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

1 shows a drive device 10 for a passenger car. The drive device 10 includes a first electric machine 12 with a first stator element 14 and a first rotor element 16 , The rotor element 16 is about a rotation axis 18 relative to the stator element 14 rotatable.

The drive device 10 also includes a second electric machine 20 with a second stator element 22 and with a second rotor element 24 , The second rotor element 24 is about the axis of rotation 18 relative to the second stator element 22 rotatable.

How out 1 is recognizable, is through the second stator element 22 a recording room 26 limited in the radial direction to the outside. In the recording room 26 is the rotor element 24 added. Further, extends through the receiving space 26 one around the axis of rotation 18 rotatable shaft 28 the drive device 10 , The wave 28 is about the second rotor element 24 from the second electric machine 20 drivable. At the second electric machine 20 it is a so-called traction machine, by means of which the passenger car is driven.

This is a gear 30 from the wave 28 drivable, with the gear 30 rotatably with the shaft 28 can be connected. The gear 30 is helical and meshes with a helical, another gear 32 , which in turn with a third, helical gear 34 combs. The third gear 34 is a gearbox 36 assigned, are driven by the wheels of the car and which includes a parking brake. The third gear 34 is with connection flanges 38 . 40 rotatably connected, with which drive shafts are rotatably connected. About the propeller shafts then the wheels of the passenger car can be driven.

As based on 1 it can also be seen is in the recording room 26 relative to the axial direction of the drive device 10 that is, in the axial direction of the second rotor element 24 at least partially a planetary gear 42 arranged. The planetary gear 42 includes a sun wheel 44 . which with the wave 28 rotatably coupled or coupled. The planetary gear 42 also includes planet gears 46 and a ring gear 48 , The planet wheels 46 comb on the one hand with the sun 44 and on the other hand with the ring gear 48 ,

By means of the planetary gear 42 can between the shaft 28 and the second electric machine 20 transmissible torques are converted. This means that, for example, one of the second electric machine 20 provided torque through the planetary gear 42 on the wave 28 is transmitted, wherein the torque by means of the planetary gear 42 converted, that is, translated into a higher or lower torque.

Due to this at least partial integration of the planetary gear 42 in the recording room 26 in particular, the axial space requirement of the drive device 10 be kept particularly low.

Through the first rotor element 16 is another recording room 50 limited in the radial direction to the outside. In the other recording room 50 is now based on the axial direction at least partially a damping element in the form of a torsion damper 52 arranged. The torsion damper 52 comprises a first damping part 54 over which the shaft 28 or at least the gear 30 is drivable.

The torsion damper 52 further includes one with the first rotor element 16 connected, second damping part 56 , The damping parts 54 . 56 are about the axis of rotation 18 rotatable relative to each other and via spring elements 58 of the torsion damper 52 in the circumferential direction of the shaft 28 abstützbar or supported. This can torsional or torsional vibrations and thus rotational irregularities between the shaft 28 and the first rotor element 16 be steamed.

With the second damping part 56 is a flywheel 60 the drive device rotatably connected. The flywheel 60 serves to show a high level of smoothness of a 1 not shown and designed as a reciprocating internal combustion engine internal combustion engine of the drive device 10 , The internal combustion engine comprises an output shaft in the form of a crankshaft, wherein between the crankshaft and the flywheel 60 Torques are transferable. In other words, the flywheel is 60 from the crankshaft about the axis of rotation 18 drivable drivable. About the torsion damper 52 the internal combustion engine can do the shaft 28 or the gear 30 and drive over this the wheels of the passenger car.

About the crankshaft provides the internal combustion engine torques for driving the passenger car ready. For technical reasons, a delivery of the torques via the crankshaft is at least substantially pulsating, so that rotational nonuniformities of the crankshaft occur.

To these rotational irregularities between the crankshaft and the shaft 28 or the gear 30 to dampen, is the torsion damper 52 intended. This means that the internal combustion engine over the torsion damper 52 can drive the wheels of the passenger car, by means of the torsion damper 52 Torsions- or torsional vibrations and thus rotational irregularities can be damped.

If the internal combustion engine drives the motor vehicle, then the first electric machine can 12 be connected serially to the internal combustion engine, so that the internal combustion engine and the first electric machine 12 drives. Here is the first electric machine 12 operable in a generator mode in which mechanical energy provided by the internal combustion engine can be converted to electrical energy. This electrical energy can then be fed into an electrical storage device, in particular in a battery of the passenger car and stored there. The energy stored in the electrical storage device can then be used to operate the electrical machine 12 and / or the electric machine 20 be used in a respective engine operation.

As a result, for example, a so-called load point shift can be displayed, wherein the internal combustion engine is operated at a higher load than would actually be required for driving the passenger car. However, this can lead to lower fuel consumption, since the internal combustion engine is then operated at a fuel consumption favorable operating point of its core field.

The internal combustion engine is in a coasting operation, the crankshaft of the internal combustion engine is driven by the wheels of the passenger car. In this case also the first rotor element 16 driven. In overrun mode, the first electric machine 12 also be operated in the generator mode via the gear 30 provided mechanical energy into electrical energy. As a result, a so-called recuperation by means of the electric machine 12 feasible, wherein kinetic energy of the moving passenger car is converted into electrical energy.

The electric machine 12 However, it can also be operated in its engine operation, by means of the electric machine 12 provided by the electrical storage device, electrical energy is converted into mechanical energy. During engine operation, the electric machine drives 12 over the first rotor element 16 the wheels in addition. This is commonly referred to as boost or boost operation since the wheels of the passenger car are from both the internal combustion engine and the electric machine 12 are driven. As a result, a higher torque for driving the passenger car can be realized as is provided by the internal combustion engine alone.

To the electric machine 12 and the internal combustion engine as needed with the shaft 28 or with the gear 30 to couple and the electric machine 12 as well as decoupling the internal combustion engine from these, is a coupling device in the form of a dog clutch 62 intended. The claw clutch 62 is an actuator 64 assigned, which is electromechanically actuated and by means of which the dog clutch 62 is adjustable between a coupling position and a release position.

In the coupling position are the electric machine 12 and the internal combustion engine rotatably with the gear 30 coupled so that between the gear 30 and the electric machine 12 or the internal combustion engine torques are transferable. Thus, the internal combustion engine in the coupling position, the wheels of the passenger car via the third gear 34 drive. Likewise, in the coupling position of the boost operation can be performed to the wheels both by means of the internal combustion engine and by means of the electric machine 12 drive.

In the release position, no torque between the gear 30 and the electric machine 12 and the internal combustion engine are transmitted. If, for example, the electric machine 20 operated in their engine operation, in which the electric machine 20 the wheels of the passenger car drives, so can by switching the dog clutch 62 be avoided in the release position that the electric machine 20 also the electric machine 12 as well as the internal combustion engine drives, that means entrains. This allows the wheels of the passenger car particularly efficient by the electric machine 20 are driven.

Due to the at least partial integration of the torsion damper 52 in the other recording room 50 can the axial space requirement of the drive device 10 be kept particularly low.

2 shows a further embodiment of the drive device 10 , Based on the example of the electric machine 12 is illustrated by the stator element 14 in the radial direction outwards a receiving space 50 is limited, in which a damping element in the form of the torsion damper 52 is arranged for damping torsional vibrations. On a the recording room 50 in the axial direction opposite side of the rotor element 16 is another recording room 26 through the stator element 14 limited. In the recording room 26 is the planetary gear 42 with the sun wheel 44 , the planet wheels 46 and the ring gear 48 at least partially included.

At the torsion damper 52 It is a so-called comfort assembly, which serve to damp torsional vibrations and allow the representation of a very high ride comfort. Alternatively or additionally, in the receiving space 26 and / or in the recording room 50 another comfort assembly to be at least partially included, which is a centrifugal pendulum or a two-mass flywheel. As a result, the axial space of the drive device 10 be kept particularly low. At the same time, a high level of ride comfort can be achieved.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• WO 2012/006522 A2 [0002]
• US 2012/0013211 A1 [0003]
• GB 1096738 A [0004]
• DE 19952625 A1 [0005]
• DE 102010015593 A1 [0006]
• DE 4440565 A1 [0007]
• JP 2008141864 A [0008]

Claims (7)

Drive device ( 10 ) for a motor vehicle, with at least one electric machine ( 12 ), which is a stator element ( 14 ) as the first machine element ( 14 ) and one about a rotation axis ( 18 ) relative to the stator element ( 14 ) rotatable rotor element ( 16 ) as a second machine element ( 16 ), wherein at least one of the machine elements ( 14 . 16 ) at least one recording room ( 50 ) is limited at least in the radial direction to the outside, in which at least one component ( 52 ) of the drive device is at least partially accommodated, characterized in that the component ( 52 ) as a damping element ( 52 ) is designed for damping torsional vibrations. Drive device ( 10 ) according to claim 1, characterized in that the damping element ( 52 ) has at least one centrifugal pendulum for damping torsional vibrations. Drive device ( 10 ) according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that the damping element ( 52 ) at least one elastic element ( 58 ), in particular a spring element ( 58 ), and at least two coaxially arranged damping parts ( 54 . 56 ), which about a rotation axis ( 18 ) rotatable relative to each other and via the elastic element ( 58 ) are supported on each other. Drive device ( 10 ) according to claim 3, characterized in that at least one of the damping parts ( 54 . 56 ) with at least one about the axis of rotation ( 18 ) rotatable flywheel ( 60 ) is rotatably connected. Drive device ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that in the receiving space ( 50 ) one around the axis of rotation ( 18 ) rotatable and from the rotor element ( 16 ) drivable shaft ( 28 ) is arranged at least partially, which via the damping element ( 52 ) is drivable. Drive device ( 10 ) according to claim 5, characterized in that an internal combustion engine, in particular a reciprocating internal combustion engine, is provided, by means of which the shaft ( 28 ) via the damping element ( 52 ) is drivable. Car, with a drive device ( 10 ) according to one of the preceding claims, by means of which the motor vehicle is driven.

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