DE102012010226A1 - Method for manufacturing electrical coil with conductor loop, for use in electrical machine e.g. electric motor, involves forming conductor loop by reshaping metal semi-finished product formed with polygonal cross-section - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves forming a conductor loop (2) by reshaping metal semi-finished product (10) formed with polygonal cross-section. The metal semi-finished product is selected from metal strip. The metal strip is flexed around coil axles. The height of the conductor loop is set perpendicular to the extension direction of the coil axis (M). The joints of connecting terminal bars are electrically conductively connected through welding, clamping, pressing or gluing to form complete electrical coil. An independent claim is included for an electrical coil.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing an electrotechnical coil from a metal semi-finished product and the electrotechnical coil itself and an electric machine with such.

Electrotechnical coils occur in every electric motor as well as electric generators or three-phase synchronous machines. Furthermore, there are a variety of electrical devices in which electrotechnical coils are used.

Electrotechnical coils have a substantially spiral shape, wherein the conductor loops or windings are wound around a so-called winding axis. The structure of an electrotechnical coil is determined inter alia by the number of turns, the cross-sectional profile of the electrical conductor forming the windings and the distance of the conductor loops to the winding axis, wherein the distance with increasing winding angle does not have to be constant. In order to achieve a high efficiency of electrical coils of, for example, electric motors, the highest possible fill factor of the conductor loops in the winding installation space must be achieved. If the conductor loops of the electrotechnical coils are formed from a metallic round wire, open spaces between the individual windings or conductor loops result due to the circular cross-sectional profile of the round wire. The coils or coils formed with round wires theoretically have a 91% space filling in the winding installation space.

The aim is therefore to change the cross section of the winding conductor so that the free spaces are largely eliminated.

A better winding space utilization is possible with rectangular conductor cross-section profiles. The problem with such rectangular conductor cross-sections, however, is the bending of the conductor cross-sections around the winding axis, since very narrow radii occur at the bending points. The very tight radii that are necessary in the formation of electrotechnical coils, can not be performed with the prior art.

For example, it is not possible with the so-called edgewise bending of rectangular metal bands to form radii, as used in the coil geometries of today's electric motors.

Another possibility, electrotechnical coils form with a rectangular conductor cross-section, is in DE 10 2010 020 897 A1 described. Here, the entire electrotechnical coil is produced in a casting process. However, the casting process is energetically very expensive and expensive, since each coil requires a separate mold and the electrical conductivity of the coil forming material is deteriorated by the casting process.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method for producing an electrotechnical coil and an electrotechnical coil, which can be produced with a high filling factor of the electrical conductor in the winding space. It is also the object to provide an electrotechnical coil having a low-cost construction with high energy density and to provide an electric machine with such an electrical coil.

This object is achieved in terms of the method for producing an electrical coil according to the invention by the features of claim 1, with respect to the electrical coil by the features of claim 16. With regard to the electric machine, the solution according to the invention is carried out according to the features of claim 21.

Further preferred embodiments of the method and of the electrotechnical coil are specified in the respective subclaims.

According to a first aspect of the invention, a method according to the invention for producing an electrotechnical coil with one or a plurality of conductor loops is provided, wherein the conductor loop is formed by forming a metal semi-finished product with a polygonal cross-section. This has the advantage that particularly cost-effective materials can be used, at the same time by means of the polygonal cross-section, which is preferably rectangular, a denser winding package can be achieved.

After a further method step of the method for producing an electrotechnical coil, the metal semifinished product is a metal band with a polygonal cross-section which is bent around a winding axis. This has the advantage that the electrotechnical coil can be formed in a continuous process in which the metal strip is wound or wound around a winding axis. This has the advantage that a metal semi-finished product made of a metal strip is a particularly favorable starting material and can be obtained relatively cheaply, since it is made available as a mass product.

After a further process step of the method for producing an electrotechnical coil, the metal strip has a polygonal Cross-section with a width and a height which is a multiple of the width, which is bent at a plurality of successive bending points spaced from each other on the metal strip by bending the metal strip at the respective bending point to form the conductor loop around the winding axis such that the height of the conductor loop extends substantially perpendicular to the direction of extension of the winding axis. This has the advantage that the winding space for generating the electrotechnical coil can be exploited particularly effectively and remain as little free space as possible, which are not filled by the respective conductor loop, so that a high energy density can be achieved.

After a further method step of the method for producing an electrotechnical coil, the metal strip is subdivided by the successive bending points into successive loop sections, wherein the metal strip is subdivided by the successive bending points into successive loop sections, forming the loop section arranged after the bending point towards and to form an opening is bent on the upstream loop portion.

After another method step of the method of manufacturing an electrotechnical coil, the metal strip at the predetermined bending points of the metal strip at a predetermined first angle greater than 0 ° and smaller than 90 °, relative to the heavy axis of the metal strip towards an upstream loop portion of Metal strip and at a second angle which is less than or equal to 180 °, pivoted on the loop portion preceding the subsequent loop portion. This has the advantage that any coil shapes such as square, triangular, octagonal, etc. can be formed. Further, it is possible that the loop portion downstream of the upstream loop portion can be bent not only by 180 ° but also by a smaller angle so that the two loop portions do not abut against each other but are slightly spaced, at the same time forming a helical coil the coil can be achieved.

In another method step of the method for producing an electrotechnical coil, the metal strip is bent from a first transverse edge of the metal strip towards a second transverse edge of the metal strip opposite the first transverse edge, so that the loop portion of the metal strip extending away from the bending point lies on one side comes, which extends between the first transverse edge and the second transverse edge and the loop portions are pressed against each other, so that the outer surfaces of the loop portions are flush with each other. This has the advantage that there is no edge offset at the bending points or at the bending corners. Advantageously, the bending point can be provided with corresponding recesses, so that no complete pressing is required in order to avoid an edge offset.

After a further process step of the method for producing an electrotechnical coil, the metal strip is formed at the predetermined bending points to form the coil with at least two conductor loops or for forming a spiral coil until a predetermined number of conductor loops for forming the overall coil is present. This has the advantage that with the method by repeated bending of the metal strip, a total coil can be produced, wherein the number of windings of the entire coil is limited only by the bending points and the length of the metal strip.

After a further method step of the method for producing an electrotechnical coil, the metal strip is provided before forming with an insulation, in particular an insulating layer for electrically insulating the metal strip. This has the advantage that to generate a magnetic field, the conductor loops are sufficiently electrically isolated from each other, so that no short circuit can be generated. Furthermore, this can ensure that all areas of the metal strip are sufficiently insulated, which can also be controlled more easily.

After another method step for producing an electrotechnical coil, the conductor loop is formed by punching from a metal semi-finished product. This has the advantage that particularly favorable materials, such as sheet metal semi-finished products, can be used to produce the conductor loop. Furthermore, it is also possible to use metal sheets or materials which are particularly lightweight, ie are not suitable for forming a drawn round wire. Preferably, the semi-finished metal product may be formed of a lightweight material such as aluminum.

According to another method step of the method for producing an electrotechnical coil, the conductor loop has a plurality of loop sections defining an opening, wherein a gap is formed on at least one of the loop sections of the conductor loop, which forms one of the loop sections into a first connection web and a second connection web separates. This has the advantage that one of the connecting webs can be used for example for connecting another conductor loop, with a corresponding connecting web. Furthermore, can the connection bar can be used to connect to an electrical power source. The opening is advantageously designed to accommodate a support body, in particular a bobbin, on the one hand for holding the electrotechnical coil and on the other hand, when the support body has a suitable magnetic material for amplifying the magnetic field generated by the coil or inductance is provided. The carrying body does not necessarily have to be present. If no bobbin or support body is provided or if it is formed from a nonmagnetic material, one speaks in the mechanical or electrical sense of air coils. In the latter case, the bobbin has the task of mechanically stabilizing the electrotechnical coil and has no magnetic influence on the magnetic field that can be generated by the electrotechnical coil.

After a method step of the method for producing an electrotechnical coil, the first connection web is arranged offset relative to the second connection web, so that the first connecting web of a second conductor loop can be attached to form a complete coil to the second connecting web of a first conductor loop. This has the advantage that a total coil can be made from multiple conductor loops.

After a further method step of the method for producing an electrotechnical coil, the first connecting web of a first conductor loop with the second connecting web of another second conductor loop, preferably at the opposite end faces of the connecting webs, pushed and electrically conductively coupled together to form a total coil by means of a joining process. This has the advantage that a plurality of conductor loops can be used to form the desired overall coil, wherein different overall coils can be formed according to the modular principle, depending on the number of conductor loops used.

After a further method step of the method for producing an electrotechnical coil, the joints of the connecting webs are connected to one another by means of welding, clamping, pressing and / or gluing in an electrically conductive manner in order to form a complete coil.

After a further method step of the method for producing an electrotechnical coil, the joints of the connecting webs are electrically conductively coupled to one another by means of a plug connection. This has the advantage that no costly soldering or welding process is required and by using, for example, push-in sleeves, the conductor loops can be extended as needed according to the modular principle in order to form the respective overall coil.

After a further method step of the method for producing an electrotechnical coil, the conductor loops are provided after the joining process with an insulation, in particular an insulating layer, for electrically insulating the conductor loops.

According to a second aspect of the invention, an electrotechnical coil is provided with at least one winding loop forming a winding, wherein the conductor loop has a polygonal profile cross-section of a sheet semifinished product, wherein the conductor loops adjoin one another laterally. This has the advantage that the electrotechnical coil has a particularly dense winding package. Semi-finished semi-finished products are to be understood as meaning semi-finished products which have a cross-section in which the height-to-width ratio is <1 and extend with a width-side surface in one plane. Under flat semi-finished products are preferably to be understood semi-finished products with a rectangular cross-sectional profile. However, semi-finished products with a trapezoidal or polygonal cross-sectional profile are also conceivable.

According to another embodiment of the electrotechnical coil, the cross-section of the respective conductor loop has a constant surface area. This has the advantage that each conductor loop can provide a constant current density.

According to another embodiment of the electrotechnical coil, the conductor loops extend helically about an axis and define an opening for receiving a tooth projection of a stator.

According to another embodiment of the electrotechnical coil, the dimensions of the conductor loop are varied over the position relative to the stator. This has the advantage that the conductor loops can be arranged particularly tightly in the groove seats of a stator.

According to another embodiment of the electrotechnical coil, the electrotechnical coil has at least one winding loop forming a winding, wherein the conductor loop has a square profile cross section with a width and a height which is a multiple of the width, wherein the conductor loop extends around an axis in such a way in that the height of the conductor loop extends substantially perpendicular to the direction of extension of the winding axis. This has the advantage that, as already stated above, the electrotechnical coil has the particularly tightly packed and adjacent conductor loops.

According to another embodiment of the electrotechnical coil, the conductor loops extend helically around the winding axis and define an opening for receiving a bobbin. The course of the conductor loops extending around the winding axis and electrically coupled to one another preferably takes place in a spiral or helical manner, so that a winding of an electrotechnical coil is formed. The bobbin preferably has the task of improving the magnetic field that can be generated with the electrotechnical coil, but can also only have the function of a mechanical stabilization of the electrotechnical coil.

According to another embodiment of the electrotechnical coil, the semi-finished metal on an electrically conductive metal or an alloy of copper, aluminum, iron, etc. on. This has the advantage that particularly cost-effective materials can be used to produce the electrotechnical coil.

According to another embodiment of the electrotechnical coil, the semi-finished metal product is a metal strip having recesses for receiving mutually curved loop portions at the bending points of the metal strip. This has the advantage that there is no discontinuity at the folds of the bending corners of the electrotechnical coil. Preferably, the recesses are formed in the metal strip such that the material thickness of the recesses arranged at a bending point substantially corresponds to the material thickness of the unattenuated metal strip and no step is formed.

According to another embodiment of the electrotechnical coil, the semi-finished metal product is a metal sheet from which the conductor loops of the electrotechnical coil have been punched out.

The electrotechnical coil has at least one winding or conductor loop, which is formed from a metallic strip or semifinished product of an electrical current-conducting material such as copper, silver-plated copper or other electrically conductive metals and alloys.

The conductor loop preferably forms an opening, for example for receiving a tooth projection of a stator, a bobbin or conductor loop carrier, which preferably has a soft-magnetic core. By means of the conductor loop arrangement, the cross section of the conductor loop, the conductor loop material and the core material of the conductor loop carrier, for example, the inductance and other properties of the coil can be defined. The electrotechnical coil may for example be used to generate or detect a magnetic field and / or be part of an electrical component or device, such as a transformer, relay, electric motor or speaker. The opening may be configured to receive the bobbin. The electrotechnical coil formed in the process can also be formed as a so-called air coil, in which no magnetically effective bobbin is required. The bobbin can also be provided only as a holding device for the electrical coil.

According to a third aspect of the invention, an electric machine or an electrotechnical arrangement, in particular an electric motor is provided which has an electrotechnical coil or an electro-technical coil produced by the method.

The present invention will be explained in more detail by means of embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. In these show:

1 a plan view of a semi-finished metal, in particular a metal strip, which is used for the production of an electrical coil,

1a a sectional view of a loop portion of the shown in Fig. Metal semi-finished product according to the section line AA 1 .

1b a sectional view of the in 1 shown metal semi-finished product according to the cutting guide DD,

1c a sectional view of a loop portion of the in 1 shown metal strip according to the cutting guide AA for another embodiment of the electrical coil with variable cross section of the conductor loops depending on the position of the conductor loop in the overall coil in the Z direction,

2 a partial perspective view of the in 1 shown metal semi-finished product,

3 and 3a different views of the in 1 shown metal semi-finished product in a bending process,

4 and 4a different views of the conclusion of a first bending process for producing an electrotechnical coil,

5 a perspective view of an electrical coil, the more Having conductor loops and by means of in 3 to 4 has been formed bending processes shown,

5a a top view of the in 5 shown electrical coil,

5b . 6 and 7 different embodiments of an electrical coil, by means of in 3 to 4 can be produced shown bending process,

8th a perspective view of a metal semi-finished product, which is used for the production of an electrical coil,

8a a detailed view of the semifinished product 8th .

8b a sectional view of a loop portion of the in 8a shown punched in accordance with the cutting CC for a electrical coil with a constant cross section of the conductor loops,

8c a sectional view of a loop portion of the in 8a shown punching according to the cutting guide CC for another embodiment of the electrical coil with variable cross section of the conductor loops depending on the position of the conductor loop in the overall coil in the Z direction,

9 a plan view of a punched out of the semifinished conductor loop, with a gap which separates a first connecting web of the electrical coil from a second connecting web thereof,

9a and 9b different side views of in 9 shown conductor loop,

10 a perspective view of in 9 shown conductor loop,

11 a perspective view of several interconnected conductor loops to form a total coil,

12 a partial sectional view of a stator of a three-phase synchronous machine, wherein on a tooth of the stator an electrical coil according to 5 or after 11 is mounted,

13 a plan view of an electrotechnical coil, which is formed by bending a metal strip or from individual punched conductor loops, and

13a and 13b Section views of in 13 shown electrical coil according to the cutting guides DD and EE.

The character n stands for a predetermined number of conductor loops 2 or predetermined number of the conductor loops forming loop sections 14 , Recesses 13 and bending points 12 , The number n of conductor loops is preferably <1, where n is a natural number.

It will now be referred to 1 ,

In 1 is a semi-finished metal product 10 represented in the form of a metal band, that of bending points 12.1 to 12.4 in successive loop sections 14.1 to 14.5 is divided. How out 1 b, a sectional view according to the cutting guide DD 1 , visible, are the bends 12.1 to 12.4 with recesses 13.1 to 13.4 provided in the bending process in each of the subsequent second, third, fourth loop portion 14.2 . 14.3 , 14.n in the respective preceding recess 13.1 . 13.2 . 13.3 . 13.n is pressed. Depending on the size and shape of the metal band 10 apprentice electrotechnical coil 100 may be a plurality of loop portions 14.1 to 14.n be provided to the respective total coil 100 train.

The bends 12.1 to 12.4 each have a bending edge or bending fold 12.1 to 12.4 on, the or at a predetermined angle α1 or α2 relative to the transverse edge b1 and b2 of the metal strip 10 is inclined. In the in 1 shown embodiment of the metal strip, the angles α1 and α2 extend at an angle of approximately 45 °. However, other angles of inclination are possible, for example, those in 6 and 7 shown overall coil cross-sectional profiles 200 train. Further, the angles α1 and α2 at each bend may have a different value than a total coil 100 with different dimensions and / or cross-sectional profiles 200 train.

The bending point or bending fold 12.1 to 12.4 can be considered a line of weakness in the respective recess 13.1 to 13.n be formed to facilitate the forming of the one loop portion relative to the other loop portion. Preference is given to recesses 13.1 to 13.n for receiving the mutually curved loop portions 14.1 to 14.n formed so that there is no discontinuity at the folds of the bending corners 15 the electrotechnical coil 100 comes.

Furthermore, in 1 shown that the angles of inclination of the bends are alternately aligned offset by 90 ° to one another following transformation of the individual loop sections 14.1 to 14.n to enable.

The recesses are preferred 13.1 to 13.n such in the metal band 10 formed that material thickness at a bending point 12.1 to 12.n mutually arranged recesses 13.1 to 13.n essentially the material thickness of the sections of the metal strip 10 without recess corresponds and no paragraph is formed.

1a and 1b each show sectional views according to the sectional guides AA and DD. The metal band 10 is preferably made of an electrically conductive metal or an alloy comprising, for example, copper, aluminum, etc.

1c shows a sectional view of the metal strip 10 according to the section AA, being in contrast to the in 1a shown cross-sectional view of the cross section of the metal strip has a variable thickness of the material width b and height h. The material thickness is designed such that it in the Z-direction, such as. In 5 shown total coil 100 , describes a constant surface area, but the height and width dimensions hz and bz depending on the position on the Z-axis have different dimensions, the respective cross-section always has a constant area A at a predetermined position.

Out 1 and 1b It can also be seen that the recesses 13.1 to 13.n on opposite sides of the metal band 10 are arranged. Furthermore, the respective bending points 12.1 to 12.n at the respective recesses 13.1 to 13.n opposing or oppositely arranged inclination angle α1, α2, so that by folding the loop portions 14.1 to 14.5 a pile-like folding is possible, so that in 5 shown overall coil can be formed.

It will now be referred to 2 ,

2 shows in a perspective view the first and second loop portion 14.1 . 14.2 and one between the first and second loop portions 14.1 . 14.2 arranged bending point 12.1 and its associated recess 13.1 , The reference system shown in the figures with the coordinates M, x, y is the relative position of a winding axis M relative to the first, second loop portion 14.1 . 14.2 and subsequent loop sections 14.3 , to 14.4 show, with the loop sections 14.1 to 14.n to be bent around the angle axis M.

Furthermore, with the reference coordinates zs, S and ys, the relative reference points that are used for the bending process of the second loop section 14.2 opposite the first loop portion 14.1 necessary to be clarified.

The coordinate axes zs and ys are at the intersection of the gravity axis S of the not yet bent metal strip 10 and the bend edge 12.1 arranged. Forming the overall coil 100 is done by repeated bending, for example, as in the in 5 shown electrotechnical coil 100 , The second loop section 14.2 of the metal band 10 is at a bend or edge 12.1 towards the first loop section 14.1 folded or bent. Preferably, the course of Biegefellenfalzes 12.1 an inclination angle amount | α | of 45 ° relative to the gravity axis S. The metal strip is preferred 10 bent clockwise around the winding axis M. Depending on the design of the bending points, the metal strip can also be bent counterclockwise. Preferably, the inclination angles are alternately formed by + 45 ° and -45 ° with respect to the gravity axis S.

In the bending process, the second loop portion becomes 14.2 additionally by the angle β on the first loop portion 14.1 bent, wherein the angle β is about 180 °. In the bending process, the recessed portion becomes 13.1 from that to the recess portion 13.1 adjacent first and second loop portions 14.1 and 14.2 refilled. The individual steps of the bending process described above are shown schematically in FIG 3 and 3a shown, once in perspective and once as a plan view. This bending process is repeated at the respective bending points until the complete coil 100 with the required number of conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 is formed.

For example, each in the 5 to 7 shown cross-sectional profiles 200 a total coil 100 form, the forming process can be performed after the bending steps described above, wherein the bending angle α1 or α2 and / or β are changed such that the respective triangular or polygonal cross-sectional profiles 200 can be achieved.

4 and 4a shows once in perspective and once as a plan view of the final positioning of the first loop portion 14.1 opposite the second loop portion 14.2 , It can be seen that the folding or bending of the second loop portion 14.2 on the first loop section 14.1 a bend corner 15 is formed, wherein the two loop sections 14.1 . 14.2 through a collision gap 16 are separated from each other. The impact gap 16 can be like that be formed that at the impact gap 16 adjacent outer surfaces of the first and second loop portions 14.1 . 14.2 are substantially flush with each other, so that no or only a very small gap space is present and / or there are no height differences between the adjacent outer surfaces of the loop portions arranged adjacent to each other.

It will now be referred to 5 and 5a ,

To the in 5 shown total coil 100 form, in successive bending the individual loop sections 14.1 to 14.n at the corresponding bending points 12.1 to 12.n bent so that a Gesamttsule Biegeform, as in 5a displayed, can be achieved. By the corresponding arrangement of the bending point or the bending angle α1 and α2 relative to the transverse edges b1, b2 is a substantial rectangular overall coil structure, as in 5 and 5a shown achieved. In the 5 shown total coil 100 has a number of windings or conductor loops 2.1 . 2.2 . 2.3 to 2.n . 2n + 1 on, with the with 2.n + 1 designated winding or conductor loop is preferably provided for coupling to an electrical circuit. The conductor loops 2.1 . 2.2 . 2.3 to 2.n . 2n + 1 be in the in 5 shown embodiment each of a metal strip 10 formed, the preformed loop portions 14.1 to 14.n having. Depending on which cross-sectional shape the overall coil 100 should have (see 5a . 6 . 7 ) are the loop sections 14.1 to 14.n at predetermined positions of the metal strip 10 provided so that the desired cross-sectional shape can be formed. The cross section of the conductor loops or loop sections can be constant ( 1a ) or variable and trapezoidal ( 1c ) be formed. In the trapezoidal cross-section Q of the conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 For example, the area A of the cross-section Q is preferably constant, with the dimensions h1 (z), h2 (z), v (z) being varied.

It will now be referred to 6 and 7 ,

The 6 and 7 show different embodiments of the means of the metal strip semifinished product 10 achievable total bobbin forms. Depending on the arrangement of the bending point 12.1 to 12.n and inclination αb1, αb2 with respect to the transverse edges b1, b2 and the transverse edges h1, h2 may be triangular or polygonal embodiments of the overall coil 100 be achieved. Furthermore, the distances of the first, second and subsequent loop sections 14.1 to 14.n be designed regularly or irregularly, so that each total coils with or decreasing diameter cross-section D ₁ , D _{2 can be} achieved.

Furthermore, by appropriate arrangement of the bends 12.1 to 12.n Complete coils are made with different diameter cross sections D ₁ , D ₂ . That is, the whole coil 100 has, for example, a greater width D ₂ in the X direction than in the Y direction.

It will now be referred to 8th to 11 ,

8th shows a perspective view of a metal semi-finished product 40 for punching out several conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 is provided. The conductor loops to be punched out 2.1 to 2.n + 1 are on a semi-finished board 40 displayed for a better understanding. The metal semi-finished product 10 may have a constant thickness b but also a variable thickness b (z).

8a shows a detailed view of a conductor loop 2.1 as she from the in 1 illustrated semi-finished product 80 can be trained. The conductor loop 2.1 has first, second, third and fourth loop portions 14.1 to 14.4 on that, as in 8b displayed, according to the cutting guide 8a have a substantially rectangular cross-section Q with edges h1, h2 and transverse edges b1, b2. This in 8b shown cross-sectional profile Q may be formed depending on the punching constant, but also variable in the cross-section Q, so that, for example, a total coil 100 with constant, tapered and / or enlarging diameters D ₁ , D ₂ can be formed.

8c shows a sectional view of a loop portion according to the cutting CC 8a , in which case the cross-sectional profile Q per loop section 14.1 to 14.n has a constant surface area A (z), the material height hz and the material thickness bz being variable in the direction of the Z-axis, but at the same time ensuring that the area A resulting from the vertical edges h1, h2 and transverse edges b1, b2 (z) at each loop section 2.1 to 2.n + 1 is constant, allowing a constant current density in the individual loop sections 2.1 to 2.n + 1 can be guaranteed.

Furthermore, it is off 8a it can be seen that the first loop section 14.1 a gap 20 should, which is shown with a dashed line. In 9 is the punched-out conductor loop 2.1 , shown, with a gap 20 is trained. The gap 20 ensures that at the first loop section 14.1 two spaced connection webs 21 and 22 are formed. The first connection bridge 21 Can be connected to an electrical Serve source, while the second connection bar 22 the first conductor loop 2.1 for connecting the first connection web 21.2 a second conductor loop 2.2 can be provided. In the 8a shown punching conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 become the formation of a total coil 100 used, such as in 5 . 10 and 13 shown.

10 additionally shows a perspective view of a punched-out conductor loop 2.1 , where the distance between the connecting webs 21 and 22 is shown exaggerated to each other. The distance between the individual conductor loops is preferred 2.1 to 2.n + 1 so small that the conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 as close as possible, advantageously arranged adjacent to each other, preferably between the adjacent conductor loops 2.n and 2.n + 1 a suitable insulation is provided.

11 shows a first conductor loop 2 , a second conductor loop 2.2 and a third conductor loop 2.n in dashed line, with 2.n + 1 additional conductor loops are displayed, which are used to form a complete coil 100 can be provided. With 2.n and 2.n + 1 the penultimate or the last conductor loop are displayed. In particular, the first conductor loop 2.1 and the last conductor loop 2.n + 1 can be designed differently than that between the first and last loop of the conductor 2.1 . 2.n + 1 arranged conductor loops 2.2 to 2.n since these can be configured for electrical connection to an electrical circuit. In particular, the connecting webs 22 and 21.n + 1 the first or last conductor loop 2.1 . 2.n + 1 may have other dimensions and configurations to facilitate connection, for example to an electrical power source.

To form the overall coil 100 with the diecuts or punched conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 become the connecting webs 21.1 respectively. 22.1 and 21.1 the respective conductor loops 2.1 . 2.2 to 2.n . 2.n + 1 flush with each other and preferably joined together by a welding or soldering process. However, other suitable connection measures such as electroconductive clamping connections are conceivable. It is essential that by attaching the conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 at the corresponding junction an electrically conductive overall coil 100 can be trained. As clamp connections, for example, brackets are conceivable by means of which the joints can be connected. An isolation of the conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 with a suitable insulating material preferably takes place after the formation of the entire coil, for example by immersion in a corresponding bath.

Reference is now made to the 12 . 13 . 13a and 13b ,

12 shows a portion of the motor geometry of a three-phase synchronous machine, a rotor R and a stator 40 having. The rotor and the stator are arranged concentrically about a rotation axis R. The stator 40 has outside circumference, ie along a circle, shown here as a circular arc section B, around the rotation axis R arranged at regular intervals tooth projections 41 on. Between adjacent tooth projections 41 are grooves 42 educated. To achieve the best possible degree of filling of the stator 40 to achieve the released grooves 42 with the electrotechnical coil 100 be filled in, with the conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 of the stator 40 is trained.

In 12 is the stator 40 shown in a partial sectional view, wherein a total coil 100 , as for example in 5 or 11 is displayed is inserted. Around the grooves 42 of the stator 42 To fill as accurately as possible, are the cross-sectional profiles Q of the individual conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 Trapezoidal in terms of the Z-direction in its width and in height and variably configured, wherein the areas A (z) of the respective conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 are constantly selected to provide a constant current density in each conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 to be able to guarantee. The area A ( 2.1 ) to A ( 2.n + 1 ), as in 12 displayed, is independent of the distance of the respective conductor loop 2.1 to 2.n + 1 from the axis of rotation R constant. With an increasing distance between the rotation axis R and the respective conductor loop 2.1 to 2 + n.1 change their cross-sectional dimensions b (z), h1 (z) and h2 (z), wherein for the respective conductor loop 2.1 to 2.n + 1 or respective loop section 14.1 to 14.n the thickness b (z) decreases and the width h (z) increases with increasing distance of the respective conductor loop 2.1 to 2.n + 1 or respective loop section 14.1 to 14.n the axis of rotation R increases, so that from the area A (z) in each conductor loop, A (z) = A = constant, where A (z) = (h1 (z) + h2 (z) / 2) * b (z). [1]

Depending on the design of the coil can with increasing distance of the conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 from the rotation axis R, the thickness thickness b (z) also become larger and the height h (z) become smaller, with the proviso that the surface area A (z) remains constant for each conductor loop.

The cross section A (z) of the respective conductor loop is preferred 2.1 to 2 + n.1 constant, wherein the dimensions h (z) and b (z) vary such that the Kitchen sink 100 into the associated grooves 42 of the stator 40 as accurately as possible introduced.

According to the conditions given above, the individual conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 a substantially trapezoidal cross-section Q, wherein the surface area A of the trapezoidal cross-section over the course of the metal strip 10 or the conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 is constant.

In 13 is a plan view of the first conductor loop 2.1 shown. For example. can the conductor loop 2.1 be formed from individual punched, as stated above. In the 13 illustrated electrotechnical overall coil 100 However, it can also be made from a suitable metal band 10 have been trained. It is essential in both cases that the cross-sectional profile Q of the individual loop sections per winding path have different height and width dimensions h (z) and b (z), but the respective surface area A (z) of each conductor loop is constant. 13a and 13b each show sectional views according to the cutting guides DD and EE, in which the cross-sectional shapes Q of the individual loop sections 14.1 to 14.n or conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 or are shown. It becomes apparent from this that the overall coil 100 has a substantially trapezoidal shape substantially complementary to the groove shape 42 in the stator 40 is, so that a particularly dense and accurately fitting filling of the groove space 42 of the stator 40 is possible.

For optimum adaptation to the shape of the grooves 42 of the stator 40 The individual conductor loops can be achieved 2.1 to 2.n + 1 In addition, according to the distance z from the rotation axis along the circular arc portion b, where they are arranged, be complementary thereto curved. However, trapezoidal cross sections A are preferred. These trapezoidal cross sections are easier to produce. If the total coil 100 from a metal strip semi-finished product 10 are made, the individual loop sections 14.1 to 14.n + 1 according to the desired cross-sectional thickness A form. Here, the metal band needs 10 be shaped and deformed accordingly, so that the in 13 . 13a . 13b shown overall coil can be formed.

If the total coil 100 is formed from individual punched, as stated above, is a corresponding semi-finished product 10 with a suitable material thickness b (z) for each conductor loop 2.1 to 2.n + 1 selecting the trapezoidal shape of the cross sections A (z) of the individual conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 By appropriate treatments of the edge portions, for example. By deformation, milling or erosion can be achieved. The different conductor loop thickness b (z) can be realized over a predetermined sheet thickness of the semifinished product per conductor loop. Depending on the number n of conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 a corresponding number of semi-finished products with the predetermined sheet thickness b is required. The trapezoidal cross section of the punched conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 is done either by a subsequent edge processing (milling, wire EDM, ...) or the cutting process is carried out directly by a laser or water jet cutting process.

• – Bereitstellen eines Metallbandes 10 mit einer vorbestimmten Länge, einer vorbestimmten Materialstärke mit einem vieleckigen, bevorzugt rechteckigen Querschnitt (1a) aus einem plastisch verformbaren und elektrischen Strom leitenden Material, bevorzugt einem Metall aus Kupfer; wobei die Materialstärken b(z), h(z) konstant oder variabel über den Verlauf des Metallbandes ausgelegt sein können. Zum Ausbilden einer Spule nach den 12 oder 13, 13a, 13b ist die Materialstärke über die Länge des Metallbandes in x-Richtung (1) variabel ausgebildet, wobei die Flächeninhalt A(z) für jede Leiterschlaufe 2.1 bis 2.n+1 sich aus dem Produkt (h1(z) + h2(z))/2·b(z) ergibt und für das gesamte Metallband 10 einen konstanten Wert hat, um bei konstantem Flächeninhalt A(z) = A einen konstante Stromdichte zu erzielen.
• – Ausbilden von Ausnehmungen 13.1 bis 13.n an vorbestimmten Biegestellen 12.1 bis 12.n, wobei die Ausnehmungen alternierend auf gegenüberliegenden Seite des Metallbandes 10 ausgebildet werden, so dass eine Gesamtspule 100 ausgebildet werden kann. Die Anzahl der vorbestimmten Biegestellen 12.1 bis 12.n ergibt sich aus der Gestalt des Querschnittprofils 200 der auszubildenden elektrotechnischen Spule 100 und der Anzahl von Leiterschlaufen 2.1 bis 2.n+1 der auszubildenden elektrotechnischen Spule 100. Bevorzugt sind die Ausnehmungen 13.1 bis 13.n derart tief an den Biegestellen 12.1 bis 12.n eingebracht, dass eine gefaltete bzw. gebogene Ausnehmung 13 im zusammengefalteten Zustand, wie beispielsweise in 4 gezeigt, die Materialstärke des ungeschwächten Metallbandes 10 aufweist;
• – Gegebenenfalls Bearbeiten der Kantenabschnitte oder Randabschnitte der Leiterschlaufen 2.1 bis 2.n+1 zum Ausbilden einer im Wesentlichen trapezoidalen Querschnittsgestalt A des Metallbandes 10, beispielsweise durch Verformen, Zerspannen, Abfasen, Fräsen, Erodieren;
• – In einem nächsten Schritt des Verfahrens wird einer der Schlaufenabschnitte festgelegt, bevorzugt der erste Schlaufenabschnitt 14.1, so dass ein dem ersten Schlaufenabschnitt 14.1 nachfolgender Schlaufenabschnitt bzw. alle dem ersten Schlaufenabschnitt folgende Schlaufenabschnitte 14.2 bis 14.n in einem Umformschritt auf den ersten Schlaufenabschnitt gefaltet oder umgebogen werden kann/können, bevorzugt derart, dass die an den ersten und an den zweiten Schlaufenabschnitt 14.1, 14.2 angrenzende Ausnehmung 13.1 durch die Faltung ausgefüllt wird und ein Biegeeck 15 ausgebildet wird (siehe 4);
• – Der obige Biegeprozess wird an den vorbestimmten Biegestellen 12.1 bis 12.n, die in den Ausnehmungen 13.1 bis 13.n vorgesehen sind, wiederholt, bis die Schlaufenabschnitte eine Öffnung 200 definieren und/oder die gewünschte Anzahl an Schlaufenabschnitten 2.1 bis 2.n, 2.n+1 zum Ausbilden der elektrotechnischen Spule 100 umgeformt worden sind (siehe 5). Das Umbiegen an den Biegestellen 12.1 bis 12.n des Metallbandes 10 erfolgt bevorzugt mit einem vorbestimmten Biege-Winkel α, der größer als 0° und kleiner als 90° sein kann, relativ zu der Schwerachse S des Metallbandes und um einen zweiten Winkel β, der kleiner oder gleich 180° ist, des nachfolgenden Schlaufenabschnitt hin zu und auf den vorgelagerten Schlaufenabschnitt. Je nach Biege-Winkel α1, α2 können beispielsweise die in 5a, 6 und 7 dargestellten Querschnittsprofile mit einem ersten Durchmesser D1 und einem zweiten Durchmesser D2 ausgebildet werden. Der Durchmesser D1 kann in der Abmessung im Wesentlichen identisch zu dem Durchmesser D2 sein. Es ist jedoch auch vorstellbar, dass der Durchmesser D1 kleiner oder größer als der Durchmesser D2 ist. Auch können die Abstände der Biegestellen untereinander im Wesentlichen gleich groß und/oder unterschiedlich groß sein, was auch für die Biege-Winkel α1, α2 und β gilt;
• – das Metallband 10 kann vor dem Umformen mit einer Isolation, insbesondere einer Isolationsschicht, zum elektrischen Isolieren des Metallbandes versehen werden. Es ist jedoch auch möglich, die aus dem Metallband 10 ausgebildete elektrotechnische Spule 100 nach dem Umformprozess mit der erforderlichen elektrischen Isolierung zu versehen. Bei der elektrischen Isolierung kann es sich beispielsweise um Lackpapier handeln.

A method of forming a total electrotechnical coil 100 , as in 1 to 7 shown from a semi-finished product 10 How a metal strip is formed can be formed according to the following method steps:

• - Providing a metal band 10 with a predetermined length, a predetermined material thickness with a polygonal, preferably rectangular cross section ( 1a ) of a plastically deformable and electrically conductive material, preferably a metal of copper; wherein the material thicknesses b (z), h (z) can be designed to be constant or variable over the course of the metal strip. To form a coil after the 12 or 13 . 13a . 13b is the material thickness over the length of the metal strip in the x-direction ( 1 ) are variably formed, wherein the area A (z) for each conductor loop 2.1 to 2.n + 1 resulting from the product (h1 (z) + h2 (z)) / 2 * b (z) and for the entire metal strip 10 has a constant value in order to achieve a constant current density at a constant area A (z) = A.
• - Forming recesses 13.1 to 13.n at predetermined bending points 12.1 to 12.n wherein the recesses alternately on opposite side of the metal strip 10 be formed, so that a total coil 100 can be trained. The number of predetermined bends 12.1 to 12.n results from the shape of the cross-sectional profile 200 the trainee electrotechnical coil 100 and the number of conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 the trainee electrotechnical coil 100 , The recesses are preferred 13.1 to 13.n so deep at the bends 12.1 to 12.n introduced that a folded or curved recess 13 in the folded state, such as in 4 shown, the material thickness of the unweakened metal strip 10 having;
• - If necessary, edit the edge portions or edge portions of the conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 for forming a substantially trapezoidal cross-sectional shape A of the metal strip 10 For example, by deformation, cutting, chamfering, milling, erosion;
• In a next step of the method, one of the loop sections is fixed, preferably the first loop section 14.1 so that the first loop section 14.1 subsequent loop portion or all the first loop portion following loop sections 14.2 to 14.n can be folded or bent in a forming step on the first loop portion, preferably such that the at the first and at the second loop portion 14.1 . 14.2 adjacent recess 13.1 is filled by the folding and a bending corner 15 is formed (see 4 );
• - The above bending process is at the predetermined bending points 12.1 to 12.n that in the recesses 13.1 to 13.n are provided, repeated until the loop portions an opening 200 define and / or the desired number of loop sections 2.1 to 2.n . 2.n + 1 for forming the electrotechnical coil 100 have been reshaped (see 5 ). The bending at the bending points 12.1 to 12.n of the metal band 10 is preferably carried out with a predetermined bending angle α, which may be greater than 0 ° and less than 90 °, relative to the heavy axis S of the metal strip and by a second angle β, which is less than or equal to 180 °, the subsequent loop portion towards and on the upstream loop section. Depending on the bending angle α1, α2, for example, in 5a . 6 and 7 illustrated cross-sectional profiles are formed with a first diameter D1 and a second diameter D2. The diameter D1 may be substantially identical in dimension to the diameter D2. However, it is also conceivable that the diameter D1 is smaller or larger than the diameter D2. Also, the distances between the bending points can be substantially equal to each other and / or different sizes, which also applies to the bending angle α1, α2 and β;
• - the metal band 10 can be provided before forming with an insulation, in particular an insulating layer, for electrically insulating the metal strip. However, it is also possible that from the metal band 10 trained electrotechnical coil 100 After the forming process to provide the required electrical insulation. The electrical insulation can be, for example, paint paper.

• – Ausstanzen aus einem Metallhalbzeug 40 von einer oder einer Mehrzahl von Leiterschlaufen 2.1 bis 2.n+1, die jeweils eine Öffnung 200 definieren, wobei an wenigstens einem der Schlaufenabschnitte der Leiterschlaufe ein Spalt 20 ausgebildet wird, der einen der Schlaufenabschnitte 14.1 bis 14.4 in einen erste Anschlusssteg 21 und einen zweiten Anschlusssteg 22 trennt. Der Spalt 20 kann bereits während des Ausstanzens der Leiterschlaufen 2.1 bis 2.n+1 aus dem Metallhalbzeug bzw. dem Metallblech 10 gebildet werden. Bevorzugt werden die Leiterschlaufen aus unterschiedlichen Metallhalbzeugen mit unterschiedlichen Materialstärken ausgestanzt, so dass aus den einzelnen Leiterschlaufen eine Gesamtspule wie in 13, 13a und 13b gebildet werden kann. Der jeweilige Flächeninhalt A der jeweiligen ausgestanzten Leiterschlaufen 2.1 bis 2.n+1 weisen ist in diesem Fall konstant, wobei die Höhe h(z) und die Materialdicke b(z) für jede Leiterschlaufe 2.1 bis 2.n+1 unterschiedlich ausgebildet ist, so dass eine Nute 42 eines Stators 40, wie in 12 angezeigt, möglichst dicht von den Leiterschlaufen ausgefüllt wird.
• – Gegebenenfalls Nachbearbeiten der Kanten oder Randabschnitte der einzelnen Leiterschlaufen 2.1 bis 2.n+1, so dass ein die einzelnen Leiterschlaufen 2.1 bis 2.n+1 eine im Wesentlichen trapezoidalen Querschnitt aufweisen, beispielsweise durch Zerspanen, Abfasen, Fräsen oder Erodieren;
• – Falls erforderlich Verbiegen oder Versetzen des ersten Anschlusssteges 21 gegenüber dem zweiten Anschlusssteg 22, so dass zum Ausbilden einer Gesamtspule 100 an den zweiten Anschlusssteg 22 einer ersten Leiterschlaufe 2.1 der erste Anschlusssteg 21.2 einer zweiten Leiterschlaufe 2.2 angebracht werden kann;
• – Positionieren des einen Anschlusssteges der einen Leiterschlaufe an den Anschlusssteg einer anderen Leiterschlaufe, wobei die Stossstelle mittels Schweißen, Klemmen, Pressen und oder Kleben elektrisch leitend verbunden wird, um eine Gesamtspule auszubilden. Es ist auch möglich, die Stossstelle der Anschlussstege mittels einer Steckverbindung elektrisch leitend aneinander zu koppeln;
• – Isolieren der Lauterschlaufen nach dem Fügeverfahren mit einer Isolation, insbesondere einer Isolationsschicht, zum elektrischen Isolieren der Leiterschlaufen.

A method of forming a total electrotechnical coil 100 , as in 8th to 11 shown, the conductor loops of a semi-finished product 10 can be punched, can be formed according to the following process steps:

• - Punching from a metal semi-finished product 40 one or a plurality of conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 , each with an opening 200 define, wherein at least one of the loop portions of the conductor loop, a gap 20 is formed, the one of the loop sections 14.1 to 14.4 in a first connecting bridge 21 and a second connecting bridge 22 separates. The gap 20 can already during the punching of the conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 from the metal semi-finished product or the metal sheet 10 be formed. Preferably, the conductor loops are punched from different semi-finished metal products with different thicknesses, so that from the individual conductor loops a total coil as in 13 . 13a and 13b can be formed. The respective area A of the respective punched conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 Point is constant in this case, with the height h (z) and the material thickness b (z) for each conductor loop 2.1 to 2.n + 1 is formed differently, so that a groove 42 a stator 40 , as in 12 displayed, as close as possible filled by the conductor loops.
• - If necessary, rework the edges or edge sections of the individual conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 so that the individual conductor loops 2.1 to 2.n + 1 have a substantially trapezoidal cross-section, for example by machining, chamfering, milling or erosion;
• - If necessary, bending or moving the first connecting bar 21 opposite the second connecting bridge 22 so as to form a total coil 100 to the second connecting bridge 22 a first conductor loop 2.1 the first connection bar 21.2 a second conductor loop 2.2 can be attached;
• - Positioning a connecting web of a conductor loop to the connecting web of another conductor loop, wherein the joint is electrically conductively connected by means of welding, clamping, pressing and or gluing to form a total coil. It is also possible to couple the joint of the connecting webs by means of a plug-in electrically conductive to each other;
• - Isolating the louder loops according to the joining method with an insulation, in particular an insulating layer, for electrically insulating the conductor loops.

The invention has been described with reference to different embodiments, wherein the different embodiments can be combined with each other.

For example, the loop portion can be partially punched with metal bands that partially the desired shape of the coil while still having to be bent loop portions to the desired cross-sectional shape 200 to achieve the coil.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102010020897 A1 [0007]

Claims (21)

Method for producing an electrotechnical coil ( 100 ) with at least one conductor loop ( 2 ), wherein the conductor loop ( 2 ) by forming a metal semi-finished product ( 10 ) is formed with a polygonal cross-section. Method according to claim 1, wherein the metal semi-finished product ( 10 ) is a metal band with a polygonal cross section, which is bent around a winding axis (M). Method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the metal strip ( 10 ) has a polygonal cross-section with a width (b) and a height (h) which is a multiple of the width (b) at a plurality of the metal strip ( 2 ) spaced successive bends (FIG. 12.1 . 12.2 , ... 12.n ) by bending the metal strip ( 10 ) at the respective bending point ( 12.1 . 12.2 , ... 12.n ) for forming the conductor loop ( 2 . 2.1 . 2.3 ) is bent around the winding axis (M) such that the height (h) of the conductor loop ( 2 ) extends substantially perpendicular to the direction of extension of the winding axis (M). Method according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 3, characterized in that claim 2 or 3, wherein the metal strip is separated from the successive bending points ( 12.1 . 12.2 , ..., 12.n ) in successive loop sections ( 14.1 to 14.n ), wherein to form an opening ( 200 ) the loop portion located after the bending point is bent towards and onto the upstream loop portion. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 4, wherein the metal strip ( 10 ) at the predetermined bending points ( 12.1 . 12.2 ) of the metal strip ( 10 ) with a predetermined first angle (α1, α2) that is greater than 0 ° and less than 90 °, relative to the hard axis (S) of the metal strip ( 10 ) to an upstream loop section ( 14.1 ; 14.n ) of the metal strip ( 10 ) and at a second angle (β), which is less than or equal to 180 °, on the subsequent loop portion ( 14.1 ; 14.n + 1 ) upstream loop section ( 14.1 ; 14.n ) is pivoted. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 5, wherein the metal strip ( 10 ) is bent from a first transverse edge (b1) of the metal strip towards a second transverse edge (b2) of the metal strip opposite the first transverse edge, so that the loop portion extending away from the bending point (FIG. 14.2 to 14.n ) of the metal strip comes to lie on a side which extends between the first transverse edge (b1) and the second transverse edge (b2) and the loop sections ( 14.1 . 14.2 ) are pressed against each other, so that the outer surfaces of the loop sections ( 14.1 . 14.2 ; 14n ; 14.n + 1 ) are flush with each other. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 6, wherein for forming the coil with at least one conductor loop ( 2 ) or for forming a spiral-shaped coil ( 100 ), the metal strip at the predetermined bending points ( 12.1 . 12.2 , ... 12.n ) is converted until a predetermined number of conductor loops ( 2.1 . 2.2 , ... 2.n ) is present for forming the coil. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 7, wherein the metal strip is provided before the forming with an insulation, in particular an insulating layer, for electrically insulating the metal strip. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 8, wherein the conductor loop ( 2 ) by punching from a metal semi-finished product ( 40 ) is formed. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 9, wherein the conductor loop has a plurality of loop sections ( 14.1 - 14.n ) having an opening ( 200 ), wherein on at least one of the loop sections ( 14.1 ) of the conductor loop ( 2 ) A gap ( 20 ) is formed, one of the loop sections ( 14.1 ) in a first connecting bridge ( 22 ) and a second connecting bridge ( 21 ) separates. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 10, wherein the first connecting web ( 21 ) offset from the second connecting bridge ( 22 ) is arranged so that to form a total coil ( 100 ) to the second connecting bridge ( 21 ) of a first conductor loop ( 2.1 ) the first connecting bridge ( 22.1 ) a second conductor loop ( 2.2 ) can be attached. The method according to claim 11, wherein the first connecting bridge ( 22 ) of a first conductor loop ( 2.1 ) with the second connecting bridge ( 21 ) another second conductor loop ( 2.2 ) and electrically coupled to each other to form a total coil by means of a joining process. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims 10 to 12, wherein the impact point ( 50 ) of the connecting webs ( 22 . 21 ) are electrically connected by means of welding, clamping, pressing and / or gluing in order to form a complete coil ( 100 ) train. Method according to claim 13, wherein the joint of the connecting webs ( 22 . 21 ) are electrically conductively coupled by means of a plug connection. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 14, wherein the conductor loops are provided after the joining process with an insulation, in particular an insulating layer, for electrically insulating the conductor loops. Electrotechnical coil with at least one winding loop forming a winding, in particular produced by a method according to at least one of the preceding claims 1 to 15, wherein the conductor loop ( 2.1 - 2.n + 1 ) a polygonal profile cross section (Q) of a flat semifinished product ( 10 ), wherein the conductor loops ( 2.1 - 2.2 ) adjoin one another laterally. Electrotechnical coil according to claim 16, wherein the cross-section (Q) of the respective conductor loop ( 2.1 - 2.n + 1 ) has a constant area (A). Electrotechnical coil according to claim 16 or 17, wherein the conductor loops ( 2.1 - 2.n + 1 ) extend spirally around an axis (M) and an opening ( 200 ) for receiving a tooth projection ( 41 ) of a stator ( 40 ) define. Electrotechnical coil according to at least one of the preceding claims 16 to 18, wherein the dimensions b (z), h (z) of the conductor loop ( 2.1 - 2.n + 1 ) about the position relative to the stator ( 40 ) can be varied. Electrotechnical coil ( 100 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims 16 to 19, wherein the metal semi-finished product comprises an electrically conductive metal or an alloy of copper, aluminum, silver, gold, iron, etc. Electric machine or electrotechnical arrangement, in particular electric motor, comprising at least one electrotechnical coil ( 100 ) according to at least one of the preceding claims 16 to 20.

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