DE102012004584A1 - Vertical axis wind turbine installed in e.g. tower, has rotor blades that are raised up to certain higher height and are secured at rotational axis - Google Patents
Vertical axis wind turbine installed in e.g. tower, has rotor blades that are raised up to certain higher height and are secured at rotational axis Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102012004584A1 DE102012004584A1 DE201210004584 DE102012004584A DE102012004584A1 DE 102012004584 A1 DE102012004584 A1 DE 102012004584A1 DE 201210004584 DE201210004584 DE 201210004584 DE 102012004584 A DE102012004584 A DE 102012004584A DE 102012004584 A1 DE102012004584 A1 DE 102012004584A1
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- Germany
- Prior art keywords
- wind turbine
- rotor
- axis wind
- vertical axis
- tower
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Links
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/005—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor the axis being vertical
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D3/00—Wind motors with rotation axis substantially perpendicular to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D3/06—Rotors
- F03D3/062—Rotors characterised by their construction elements
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/20—Rotors
- F05B2240/21—Rotors for wind turbines
- F05B2240/211—Rotors for wind turbines with vertical axis
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/30—Wind power
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vertikalachs-Windturbine zur Umwandlung von Windenergie in eine andere Energieform wie beispielsweise elektrische Energie sowie ein Rotorblatt. Synonym für Vertikalachs-Windturbine werden auch die Begriffe Vertikalwindkraftanlage oder Vertikalrotor in der Literatur benutzt.The invention relates to a vertical axis wind turbine for converting wind energy into another form of energy such as electrical energy and a rotor blade. Synonymous with vertical axis wind turbine, the terms vertical wind turbine or vertical rotor are also used in the literature.
Aus dem Stand der Technik sind zahlreiche Vertikalachs-Windturbinen wie dem Savonius-Rotor, Darrieus-Rotor oder H-Rotor bekannt, die zur Umwandlung von Windenergie in elektrische Energie eingesetzt werden. Trotz zahlreicher Vorteile wie beispielsweise der geringen Geräuschentwicklung, der Windrichtungsunabhängigkeit und somit der nicht notwendigen Windrichtungsnachführung, der Anbringung von Getriebe und Generator am Boden und den angeblich geringen Investitionskosten, werden Vertikalachs-Windturbinen nur in seltenen Fällen eingesetzt.Numerous vertical axis wind turbines such as the Savonius rotor, Darrieus rotor or H rotor are known in the prior art, which are used for the conversion of wind energy into electrical energy. Despite numerous advantages such as the low noise, the wind direction independence and thus the unnecessary wind direction tracking, the attachment of gearbox and generator on the ground and the allegedly low investment costs, vertical axis wind turbines are used only in rare cases.
Ein Grund dafür ist der geringe Wirkungsgrad dieser Anlagen im Verhältnis zu den Investitionskosten. Im Vergleich zu Horizontalachs-Windturbinen lassen sich beim Bau von Vertikalachs-Windturbinen bisher kaum Investitionskosten einsparen. Die Herstellungskosten für Generator, Getriebe oder Rotor sind bei gleicher Leistung von Vertikalachs- und Horizontalachs-Windturbinen nahezu identisch. Eine Verringerung der Investitionskosten bei der Herstellung und Inbetriebnahme von Vertikalachs-Windturbinen ist nur durch eine Verringerung der Herstellungskosten für Turm und Fundament und/oder Verringerung der Montagekosten möglich.One reason for this is the low efficiency of these systems in relation to the investment costs. Compared to horizontal-axis wind turbines, investment in the construction of vertical-axis wind turbines has hardly ever been possible. The manufacturing costs for generator, gear or rotor are almost identical for the same power of Vertikalachs- and horizontal axis wind turbines. A reduction in investment costs in the manufacture and commissioning of vertical axis wind turbines is only possible by reducing the cost of manufacturing tower and foundation and / or reducing assembly costs.
Bisher gibt es zwei unterschiedliche Konstruktions- bzw. Verfahrensweisen Vertikalachs-Windturbinen aufzustellen. Bei beiden Möglichkeiten werden die Rotorblätter der Vertikalachs-Windturbine an einer Drehachse oben und unten befestigt. Um die auftretenden Kräfte aufzunehmen gibt es zwei Vorgehensweisen.So far, there are two different construction and procedures to set up vertical axis wind turbines. In both options, the rotor blades of the vertical axis wind turbine are attached to a rotational axis at the top and bottom. There are two ways to absorb the forces involved.
Bei der ersten werden die Kräfte, die an der Achse auftreten, zum einen über das Fundament auf dem die Drehachse befestigt ist und über Spannseile die oben an der Drehachse angebracht werden aufgenommen. Die Spannseile werden dann an von der Drehachse weit entfernten Fundamenten befestigt. Dies führt zu einem sehr hohen Flächenverbrauch, da mit einem Anstieg der Mast- bzw. Turmhöhe die Fundamente, an denen die Seile befestigt sind, immer weiter von der Drehachse entfernt sein müssen, damit die Seile nicht mit den sich drehenden Rotoren kollidieren. Die notwendige Fläche nimmt also quadratisch mit der Höhe des Mastes bzw. Turmes zu. Außerdem entstehen nicht unerhebliche Kosten für die zusätzlichen Fundamente, die für die Aufnahme der Spannseile erstellt werden müssen. Der Vorteil dieser Variante besteht darin, dass keine Biegemomente an den Achslagern aufgenommen werden müssen. Somit muss auch vom Fundament, das sich unterhalb der Drehachse befindet, kein Biegemoment aufgenommen werden, sodass sich die Fundamentkosten deutlich reduzieren lassen. Aber die Nachteile, insbesondere der hohe Flächenverbrauch, überwiegen bei dieser Methode.In the first, the forces that occur on the axis, on the one hand on the foundation on which the axis of rotation is attached and over tension cables which are mounted at the top of the axis of rotation are added. The tensioning cables are then fastened to foundations far away from the axis of rotation. This leads to a very high space consumption, since with an increase in the mast or tower height, the foundations to which the ropes are attached must be always further away from the axis of rotation, so that the ropes do not collide with the rotating rotors. The necessary area therefore increases quadratically with the height of the mast or tower. In addition, not inconsiderable costs for the additional foundations that need to be created for receiving the tension cables. The advantage of this variant is that no bending moments must be absorbed at the axle bearings. Thus, even from the foundation, which is located below the axis of rotation, no bending moment must be taken, so that the foundation costs can be significantly reduced. But the disadvantages, especially the high area consumption, outweigh this method.
Bei der zweiten Vorgehensweise werden die Kräfte nur durch die Drehachse aufgenommen und auf das Fundament, das sich direkt unter der Drehachse befindet, übertragen. Spannseile werden hier nicht verwendet. Bei dieser Vorgehensweise sind die Kosten im Vergleich zu den Horizontalachs-Windturbinen ähnlich hoch, denn hier werden hohe Biegemomente von der Achse und dem Fundament aufgenommen, sodass diese deutlich höhere Festigkeiten aufweisen müssen, wodurch zusätzliche Kosten entstehen.In the second approach, the forces are absorbed only by the axis of rotation and transmitted to the foundation, which is located directly below the axis of rotation. Tensioning cables are not used here. In this approach, the costs are similar compared to the horizontal axis wind turbines, because here high bending moments of the axis and the foundation are included, so they must have significantly higher strengths, resulting in additional costs.
Die Aufgabe die Investitionskosten von Vertikalachs-Windturbinen signifikant zu verringern und somit die Wirtschaftlichkeit zu steigern, wird gelöst indem die Rotorblätter eigensteif konstruiert werden und somit die Mast- bzw. Turmlänge deutlich verringert werden kann. Dies führt zu einer deutlichen Materialeinsparung bei der Drehachse und/oder einer Verringerung der Mast- bzw. Turmlänge, wobei gleichzeitig die zur Energiewandlung nutzbaren Luftströmungen einen größeren Abstand vom Boden besitzen, was sich Vorteilhaft auf den Energieertrag der Anlage auswirkt. Des Weiteren entstehen geringere Montagekosten bei der Aufstellung von Vertikalachs-Windturbinen, da die Montagehöhe zur Befestigung der Rotorblätter verringert wird.The task of significantly reducing the investment costs of vertical axis wind turbines and thus increasing cost-effectiveness is achieved by designing the rotor blades with inherent rigidity and thus significantly reducing the length of the mast or tower. This leads to a significant saving of material in the axis of rotation and / or a reduction in the length of the mast or tower, at the same time usable for energy conversion air currents have a greater distance from the ground, which has an advantageous effect on the energy yield of the system. Furthermore, lower assembly costs arise in the installation of vertical axis wind turbines, since the mounting height for mounting the rotor blades is reduced.
Erfindungsgemäß ragen die Rotorblätter höher in den Himmel als die Achse an der die Rotorblätter befestigt werden.
Claims (9)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE201210004584 DE102012004584A1 (en) | 2012-03-09 | 2012-03-09 | Vertical axis wind turbine installed in e.g. tower, has rotor blades that are raised up to certain higher height and are secured at rotational axis |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
DE201210004584 DE102012004584A1 (en) | 2012-03-09 | 2012-03-09 | Vertical axis wind turbine installed in e.g. tower, has rotor blades that are raised up to certain higher height and are secured at rotational axis |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
DE102012004584A1 true DE102012004584A1 (en) | 2013-09-12 |
Family
ID=49029318
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
DE201210004584 Withdrawn DE102012004584A1 (en) | 2012-03-09 | 2012-03-09 | Vertical axis wind turbine installed in e.g. tower, has rotor blades that are raised up to certain higher height and are secured at rotational axis |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
DE (1) | DE102012004584A1 (en) |
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2012
- 2012-03-09 DE DE201210004584 patent/DE102012004584A1/en not_active Withdrawn
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Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
R012 | Request for examination validly filed | ||
R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee | ||
R119 | Application deemed withdrawn, or ip right lapsed, due to non-payment of renewal fee |
Effective date: 20141001 |