DE102011013944A1 - Method for ventilating living room of home, involves comparing border humidity with relative humidity of air in room, and producing signal for ventilation of room is produced if measured relative humidity lies above border humidity - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves switching on a ventilator (250) of a ventilating apparatus (100) for producing a stream (AS) of exhaust air (AL), and determining room air temperature and fresh air temperature using two temperature sensors (220, 210), respectively. A border humidity is determined from the room air temperature and the fresh air temperature and compared with a measured relative humidity of air in a room. A signal for ventilation of the room is produced, and the ventilator is kept in a switched-on state if the measured relative humidity lies above the border humidity. An independent claim is also included for a ventilating apparatus.

Description

The invention relates to a method for ventilating at least one room with a ventilation device, the exhaust air from the room can be fed and wherein the exhaust air AL heat can be withdrawn. With a first temperature sensor, a room air temperature is detected, with a second temperature sensor, a fresh air temperature and with a humidity sensor, the relative humidity of the room air is measured.

In homes, mold is often the cause of serious health and building damage. In the majority of cases, mold growth is due to inadequate or incorrect ventilation of living spaces. However, in this case, the obligation to provide proof lies with the landlords, so that they have to pay for complex appraisals whose costs can easily be on a similar scale to the purchase costs of home ventilation appliances. In new construction and in refurbishment, ventilation units with forced ventilation are therefore increasingly being installed in residential units.

To realize a ventilation unit with forced ventilation is for example in the DE 40 36 760 A1 a method described. This is followed by a more intensive demand ventilation, z. B. when cooking, a reduced ventilation, z. At night, for example, calculated so that the total amount of air exchanged per day corresponds to a set value. In this way prescribed air changes can be maintained in regulations.

In the DIN 1946 Guidelines on minimum air exchange rates are defined depending on the size of residential units.

In DE 10 2008 029 220 A1 is a multi-variable controller described, with the temperature, humidity and carbon dioxide content of a room can be controlled independently. Fixed preset values are set here.

Patent DD 268 761 A1 discloses a method for ventilation of agricultural storage rooms. The control is carried out by means of a temperature sensor for the outside, the indoor and outdoor air at a storage product and at least one humidity sensor. A microprocessor system has predefined climate fields in which the method steps are carried out.

In a control device according to DE 10 2008 044 439 For the automatic ventilation of basements, there is an indoor air humidity sensor, an outdoor temperature sensor, a fresh air humidity sensor, and the control device is connected to a fan and a window operator.

According to DE 10 2006 032 858 For example, a method of controlled ventilation of a room is known, which determines the minimum surface temperature of a room, the temperature outside and inside the room, and the relative humidity outside the room. The maximum permissible humidity within the room is calculated by measuring the relative humidity within the room and initiating a ventilation process if the relative humidity within the room is higher than the calculated maximum permissible relative humidity.

All current procedures assume fixed air volume flow directional or limit values, which are regulated by the ventilation control and designed for individual points. Since the air volume flows must be clearly oversized to ensure protection of the building even under critical conditions, this leads to over-regulation The year distributed to significantly higher operating life of the fans and thus significantly higher power consumption than would actually be required.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a method for ventilating at least one room, in which a minimum energy consumption and so far sufficient dehumidification of the rooms is done that no mold or building damage occurs. Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a correspondingly inexpensive ventilation device.

The problem is solved by the features of claim 1.

This is a controlled ventilation of buildings, preferably proposed by housing units with at least one fan, at least one heat exchanger, at least one sensor for measuring the room humidity, at least one sensor for measuring the room air temperature and at least one sensor for measuring the fresh air temperature. An electronic control unit monitors the room humidity and the outside temperature at regular intervals, and forced ventilation is initiated precisely when the room humidity exceeds a building-specific and outside temperature-dependent limit humidity.

In a method for ventilating at least one room exhaust air from the room can be supplied to a ventilation device. The exhaust air heat can be removed. With a first temperature sensor, a room air temperature TR is detected and with a second temperature sensor, a fresh air temperature TF is detected. A humidity sensor is used to measure a relative humidity RF of the room air. With a switched-on ventilator which generates at least one exhaust air flow AS, a boundary moisture GF is determined from the measured ambient air and the fresh air temperature TR, TF. The limit humidity GF is compared with the measured relative humidity RF of the room air and a signal S for ventilation of the room is generated when the measured relative humidity RF is above the limit humidity GF.

With the signal S, the ventilation device is put into operation in one embodiment, or the at least one fan is connected to voltage so that it rotates and generates a corresponding air volume flow.

According to a further aspect of the invention, the signal S is generated and preferably displayed in the device. The display may be on a display by an alphanumeric string, by color signals or other visual indications. Alternatively, a sound signal is generated, for example, with a loudspeaker. This signal prompts the user to turn on the ventilation unit to provide minimum moisture protection. The signal goes out as soon as the relative humidity RF has fallen below the limit humidity GF, if necessary plus a hysteresis.

In one embodiment, a data record is made regarding the signal S and the ventilation set by the user. For example, in a microprocessor, a history of the times in which the signal S is applied and in parallel a history is recorded as to whether the user has also made a corresponding ventilation by setting preferably a level on the ventilation unit. This is a proof of whether the ventilation behavior of the user was sufficient, and it may be possible to prove whether a tenant has also fulfilled his ventilation obligations.

Advantageously, however, there is an automatic ventilation, so that the at least one fan goes into operation when the relative humidity RF is above the limit moisture GF. Thus, there is also a ventilation when the user z. B. has turned off more or less in a standby function. However, there is a risk that ventilation will take place even in hazardous situations. Such a danger situation exists, for example, if dangerous gases or other substances are contained in the fresh air. In such cases, the fire brigade or the authorities usually send a corresponding danger message for the instruction to close the windows via radio or other media. In such a dangerous situation, the ventilation unit must also remain switched off. Therefore, in the case of turning off the ventilation device that this does not go at least for a certain period of inactivity.

It is advantageous if, in the switched-off state of the ventilation device in particular a blocking time B expires after which at least one fan of the ventilation unit is turned on and the room temperature RT and the relative humidity RF of the exhaust air AL and the temperature of the fresh air TF preferably after a first time interval C is measured after switching on the fan in the ventilation unit. The fan of the ventilation unit remains switched on or the ventilation unit receives the signal S if the measured relative humidity RF is above the limit humidity GF determined from the fresh air temperature TF and the room temperature RT.

According to one exemplary embodiment, a method step is provided in which the fan is switched off and a waiting time G begins to run, in which the fan remains switched off, when the measured relative humidity RF was in particular smaller than the calculated limit humidity GF. After expiry of the waiting time G, at least one fan is switched on again and preferably after expiration of a further time interval C, the room temperature RT and the relative humidity of the exhaust air AL and the fresh air temperature TF are again measured. It is then or determines whether the relative humidity RF is above the limit humidity GF, depending on which fan is running or not.

An advantageous method comprises the method step that at least the fan after a first blocking time B or a waiting time G begins to run to produce an exhaust air volume flow AS. During operation of the fan, the room temperature RT and the relative humidity RF of the exhaust air AL and the fresh air temperature TF are measured at least at times and it is determined whether the relative humidity RF is above the limit humidity GF and the device continues to run when the relative humidity RF relative to the limit humidity GF is too large, and the fan is turned off when the relative humidity RF is preferably smaller than the limit humidity GF.

According to one idea of the invention, a method step is provided in which the ventilation device remains switched off, in particular in a hazardous situation for the blocking time B. If the ventilation unit receives a danger signal GF, the blocking time B can be activated.

In particular, in case of danger, the blocking period B is about 3-36 h, especially 6-24 h or about 12 h. Advantageously, a warning signal from the Ventilation unit delivered while the blocking time B is activated.

According to one embodiment, a ventilation device for ventilating at least one room is provided, which has one of the mentioned process features. It has a heat exchanger, at least one fan, an exhaust air connection and an exhaust air connection. A first temperature sensor, a second temperature sensor for measuring the fresh air temperature TF and a humidity sensor for measuring the relative humidity RF of the room air are connected to a control device for measuring the room air temperature TR.

According to one aspect of the invention, the ventilation device is a central ventilation device for several rooms, eg. B. an apartment. Exhaust air is advantageously sucked out of the damp areas such as kitchen and bathroom. Supply air is supplied in particular to the living rooms and bedrooms. The ventilation unit has a heat exchanger in which the exhaust air gives off heat to the fresh air. In particular, two fans are provided in these systems, one for exhaust air and one for supply air.

In another advantageous case, the method is suitable for an exhaust air system. Here it is provided to suck the exhaust air, especially from wet rooms. This exhaust air is supplied to a heat exchanger, in particular an evaporator of a heat pump, wherein heat is removed during operation of the heat pump and the fan of the exhaust air. The exhaust air is then transported as exhaust air from the house or apartment to the outside. Fresh air or outside air is fed via supply air valves in particular in the living rooms.

The arrangement of the sensor is advantageously in the ventilation unit. Thus, the temperature sensor for the room temperature in a region of the exhaust air flow AS of the ventilation unit before the heat exchanger with respect. The flow direction of the exhaust air flow AS is arranged. Thus, when the fan is switched on, the exhaust air flows past the room temperature sensor, so that after a certain time, the temperature of the room air at the room temperature sensor approximates. The room temperature sensor is thus not in the room in this embodiment, but in the device and the device must be in operation for a certain time so that the room temperature sensor detects the temperature correctly. Particularly advantageous are the use and the use of a combined temperature and humidity guide.

At the point where the room temperature is sensed with the room temperature sensor, a sensor for detecting the relative humidity of the room air is also arranged or a corresponding combination sensor that detects the room temperature and the relative humidity.

Depending on whether it is a central device for exhaust air and fresh air, or whether it is a pure exhaust system in which the supply air valves z. B. are provided in the region of the inner walls of the room, the outdoor temperature sensor is to be arranged outside of the ventilation unit.

In the case of a central ventilation unit with exhaust air and fresh air and an integrated air / air heat exchanger, the outside temperature sensor is advantageous in the device, arranged upstream of the heat exchanger with respect to the flow direction of the fresh air, so that after a certain period of operation of the fan, the fresh air temperature (outside temperature) in Ventilation unit can be determined.

In an exhaust system, no fresh air passes through the ventilation unit. Therefore, in this case, the outside temperature sensor or the sensor for the fresh air is either arranged outside and brought into connection with the ventilation unit, or the outside temperature sensor or fresh air temperature sensor is arranged in a supply air duct for fresh air. The connection can be made by cable or radio or other communication technology.

The actual moisture limit GF, which can be harmful to a building, is largely dependent on the fresh air temperature TF. Especially in buildings or rooms with less well-insulated outer walls of the dew point on the outer wall inside is crucial for the formation of condensate and thus moisture with subsequent mold growth in the rooms. The lower the temperature of the outer wall insides, the lower the critical moisture limit GF must be defined in order to avoid condensate formation due to forced ventilation.

In the present invention, therefore, the heat transfer through the outer wall and the resulting temperature on the inside of the wall is estimated. It was assumed that the ratio of the temperature difference between inside wall and interior and the temperature difference between indoor and fresh air is constant.

This results in a function for the inside wall temperature, which depends on the outside temperature and the room interior temperature (the room interior temperature can be assumed to be constant (eg 20 ° C) for the sake of simplicity.

Finally, the dampness from the inside of the wall to the inside of the room can be compared with one another via a vapor pressure curve. This results in the calculated limit moisture GF of the interior, in which condensation on the inner wall is possible.

Instead of the outside wall temperature, another internal temperature can also be used for the calculation, for example at a point at which a particularly low temperature is to be expected due to insufficient insulation or so-called cold bridges. This can be in particular windows, window frames, shutter boxes or other cold spots in the interior, whose temperature can be estimated analogous to the outer wall inside as a function of the outside air temperature.

On the basis of such, in particular building-specific calculated limit moisture GF, a function for the boundary moisture is implemented in the control algorithm of the control or regulation of the ventilation unit.

• • Lineare Funktion der Außentemperatur zwischen einem Auslegungspunkt Ap und einem Fixpunkt Fp.
• • Oberhalb einer Fixpunkt-Temperatur TFp (hier 20°C) erfolgt keine Feuchteschutzfunktion – hier müsste die Raumfeuchte oberhalb von 100% liegen, was praktisch nicht möglich ist.
• • Unterhalb der Auslegungstemperatur (hier –10°C) gilt: Grenzfeuchte GF = Grenzfeuchte im Auslegungspunkt GFAp
• • Mögliche Zusatzfunktion: Wenn T_aussen < 0°C → Grenzfeuchte GF = Grenzfeuchte im Auslegungspunkt GFAp.
• • Bei einer festgelegten Auslegungstemperatur (hier –10°C) ist lediglich ein gebäudespezifischer Eingabe-Parameter GFAp (Grenzfeuchte im Auslegungspunkt) zu bestimmen, um die Grenzfeuchte-Funktion zu berechnen.

If the room humidity or relative humidity of the room RF exceeds the implemented limit humidity GF, a moisture protection ventilation is initiated. If the implemented limit moisture GF, in particular plus a hysteresis falls below again, there is no more ventilation. The implementation of the moisture limit GF can be as follows:

• • Linear function of the outside temperature between a design point Ap and a fixed point Fp.
• • Above a fixed point temperature TFp (here 20 ° C) there is no moisture protection function - here the room humidity should be above 100%, which is practically impossible.
• • Below the design temperature (here -10 ° C) the following applies: Limit moisture GF = limit moisture at the design point GFAp
• • Possible additional function: If T _outside <0 ° C → limit humidity GF = limit humidity in the design point GFAp.
• • At a specified design temperature (-10 ° C in this case), only one building-specific input parameter GFAp (limit humidity at the design point) must be determined in order to calculate the limit humidity function.

For a building type 1 (25 cm masonry, no insulation), it can be seen from the course of the calculated limit moisture GF that condensation at 0 ° can already occur at a room humidity of approx. 77% on the interior walls. At -10 ° C is expected from 68% with precipitous moisture.

For building type 2 (25 cm masonry, 10 cm external insulation), even at outside temperatures of -10 ° C, a more than 90% humidity in the interior will not cause condensation on the outside walls of the room.

Other building types can be user-specifically defined, in particular to prevent condensation in locations that are less well insulated than the average exterior wall of the building. In this case, for example, at -10 ° C, a lower limit humidity than, for example, 65% would be entered at the design point.

The ventilation unit draws in cold and relatively dry fresh air FRL (outside air) at regular intervals via a fan, whereby the fresh air temperature is determined with a second temperature sensor. The air is passed through a countercurrent heat exchanger, where it heats up and their relative humidity RF decreases. Subsequently, it is routed as supply air ZL in the building or the room. At the same time, heat and relatively humid exhaust air are sucked out of the room by an exhaust fan, and their condition is recorded with a combined humidity and temperature sensor. Alternatively, a first temperature sensor for determining the room air temperature and a humidity sensor for determining the relative humidity RF are individually provided for this purpose. Subsequently, the exhaust air AL is passed back over the countercurrent heat exchanger, which is cooled and condensate can precipitate, and then discharged as exhaust air. Control electronics monitor the measured values on the one hand and control the speed of the fans on the other hand.

According to the invention, a step (eg "0") can be selected via an operating unit (eg a potentiometer) in which a moisture protection algorithm runs after a parameterizable blocking time B or waiting time G has elapsed, which minimizes energy consumption and minimum energy consumption Fan run times while avoiding condensation damage on the outer wall insides guaranteed.

For this purpose, immediately after selecting the fan level "0", or the position "OFF" by the operator or a danger signal, which belongs to the ventilation unit, a counter is started, which realizes a blocking time B. This blocking time is, so to speak, a waiting time of about 3-36 hours, in particular 6-24 hours or about 12 hours ("waiting time moisture protection_on" = eg 24 hours). This blocking period B is also considered a "fire brigade function" in the event that residents are asked to keep windows and doors closed. After expiry of the blocking period, the actual moisture protection function. For this purpose, both fans are initially operated or, in the case of an exhaust air system, the exhaust air fan operated with a defined volume flow ("Volumenstrom_Feuchteschutz") and a second counter, whereby a time interval C expires ("Wartezeit_Feuchtemessung" = eg 5 min). This second counter is used to set as constant as possible temperature and humidity values during ventilation with a constant volume flow. Subsequently, the measurement and decision is made as to whether ventilation should continue or not. If the measured humidity is above the permissible moisture content GF, a ventilation with a specially defined volume flow for the moisture protection and start of the humidity protection counter takes place. Consequently, it comes to a regular monitoring of moisture. If the measured relative humidity RF falls below the limit humidity GF, in particular minus a hysteresis, then the fans stop and a third counter is started with a waiting time G ("test interval humidity protection" = eg 1 h). The waiting time G is an interval in which the ventilation device is advantageously shut down for a shorter period than in the blocking time B. The waiting time G is 5 minutes to 6 hours, especially half an hour to 3 hours, and advantageously about 1 hour.

The limit moisture GF, which is used here as a threshold value for the moisture protection ventilation, is advantageously calculated according to the function described above.

It is a function of the outside temperature, which is advantageously measured in the supply air volume flow.

1 shows a ventilation unit,

2 shows the limit humidity of a building type 1,

3 shows the limit humidity of a building type 2 with thermal insulation,

4 shows a flowchart relating to the lock and wait times.

According to 1 has a ventilation unit 100 a countercurrent heat exchanger 110 on. In the direction of the fresh air flow FrL (outside air), with an activated supply air fan 260 arranged in front of the heat exchanger is a heater 130 , a filter 120 and a first temperature sensor 210 for outside temperature or the temperature of fresh air FrL. Also, the device has a connection 140 for the fresh air FrL on and an exhaust air connection 150 for the exhaust air FoL. Furthermore, an exhaust fan 250 provided in the embodiment with respect to the direction of the Forluftvolumenstroms FoL, behind a condensate tray 160 lies. In the condensate tray is a level switch 241 provided with a condensate pump 240 can be turned on. With the condensate pump 240 is in the condensate tray 160 accumulating condensation on a condensate line 161 pumped out of the device. The device has different air channels 190 . 191 . 192 as well as further air ducts, one supply air connection 170 and an exhaust port 180 on. A controller 200 is also provided. This is connected to the sensors 210 . 220 . 230 as well as the fans 250 . 260 , with the heating register 130 , as well as the level sensor 241 and the condensate pump 240 , A heating register 130 is also provided to preheat the possibly cold fresh air.

With a combined feeler 220 . 230 the exhaust air temperature TAL and the relative humidity RF of the exhaust air AL is measured. Before that, the exhaust air becomes AL with a filter 121 filtered. The cooled exhaust air AL is used as exhaust air FOL via an exhaust air connection 150 conveyed out of the device.

According to 2 the dependence of the limit humidity on a building type 1 is shown. Building type 1 here means that a room is equipped with a wall with 24 cm masonry without further insulation. The boundary moisture GF1 runs here according to a straight line between a design point Ap1, which is at -10 ° outside temperature and 65% relative humidity RF of the room air, and a fixed point Fp1, at 20 ° C outside temperature or fresh air temperature and 100% relative humidity of the room air lies. Below -10 °, a straight line for the limit moisture GF1 is assumed.

A similar diagram shows the course of the boundary moisture in a building type 2 according to 3 , In the building type 2 is a certain insulation of the room on the outside of the masonry. In this case, the design point Ap2 at -10 ° and 80 relative humidity RF2 of the room air temperature RT is assumed. Below -10 °, a straight line of the boundary moisture GF2 is provided; above -10 ° and 80% relative humidity, the boundary moisture GF2 runs according to a straight line up to a fixed point Fp2, which is at + 20 ° C and 100% relative humidity RF2 ,

For a precise calculation of the dew point on the inner wall of the room or a building, the course is slightly higher than it is in the 2 and 3 is shown in dashed lines. Thus, the method works "on the safe side" because there is no ventilation under the boundary moisture GF1, GF2 or the straight lines of the boundary moisture GF1, GF2, above the boundary moisture GF1, GF2 shown in the diagrams is a minimum ventilation.

According to 4 a flow chart is shown. Accordingly, in the case of power off, it will catch or switching to standby according to box "A" of the ventilation unit 100 a blocking time B according to field "B" to run. This blocking time B is in particular the safety time in which no ventilation takes place, in particular if there is a dangerous situation. In one embodiment, a special key or a special operating element or a specific special menu entry, in particular also an external service program on a (portable) PC, may be provided to switch on a special blocking time B for the case of danger. Thus, in this embodiment, an additional input would be advantageous. After expiry of the blocking time B, the moisture protection is switched on in accordance with step "C". In this case, at least one fan 250 . 260 switched on, and an air flow takes place. After a time interval C, it is assumed that the temperature and humidity probes 210 . 220 . 230 in a steady state relatively accurately measure the room air temperature RT, the relative humidity RF of the room and the fresh air temperature RF. So there is a measurement of the moisture and a determination of the limit moisture GF with the present values in one step.

In a further step "E", the boundary moisture GF is compared with the measured relative humidity RF. Here it is decided whether a further moisture protection ventilation takes place or not. If the humidity or relative humidity RF is low enough, the fan will remain off (step "F"), no moisture protection ventilation is required.

After the step "F", in this case, a waiting time G starts to run in accordance with step "G". This waiting time G is in particular about 1 h, as already described. Afterwards, the humidity is measured. However, if it should be determined in step "E" that the relative humidity RF is above the limit moisture GF, further ventilation takes place as long as the relative humidity RF is above the limit moisture GF. This is done at least at intervals during the operation of the fan in step "H". In these at least partially performed measurements, a comparison of the boundary moisture GF with the measured relative humidity RF is performed again (step "I"). Here it is decided whether further ventilation takes place and another measurement of the moisture protection according to step "J" or whether the device can be switched off, again step "F". The device is switched off if the relative humidity of the room air is sufficiently low.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 4036760 A1 [0003]
• DE 102008029220 A1 [0005]
• DD 268761 A1 [0006]
• DE 102008044439 [0007]
• DE 102006032858 [0008]

Cited non-patent literature

• DIN 1946 [0004]

Claims (7)

Method for ventilating at least one room with a ventilation device ( 100 ), the exhaust air from the room can be fed, the exhaust air (AL) heat can be withdrawn, with a first temperature sensor ( 220 ) a room air temperature (TR) is detected, with a second temperature sensor ( 210 ) a fresh air temperature (TF) is detected, with a humidity sensor ( 230 ) the relative humidity (RF) of the room air is measured, containing the method step that when the fan is switched on ( 250 ), which generates at least one exhaust air flow As, from the measured ambient air and the fresh air temperature (TR, TF) a moisture limit (GF) is determined, the moisture limit (GF) is compared with the measured relative humidity (RF) of the room air and a signal (S) is generated to ventilate the room when the measured relative humidity (RF) is above the moisture limit (GF). Method according to Claim 1, in which, when the ventilation device is switched off ( 100 ) in particular a blocking time (B) expires after which at least one fan ( 250 ) of the ventilation unit ( 100 ), the room temperature (RT) and relative humidity (RF) of the exhaust air (AL) and the temperature of the fresh air (TF) preferably after a first time interval (C) after the fan is switched on in the ventilation unit ( 100 ) and the fan ( 250 ) of the ventilation unit ( 100 ) remains switched on or the ventilation unit ( 100 ) receives the signal (S) when the measured relative humidity (RF) is above the limit humidity (GF) determined from the fresh air temperature (TF) and room temperature (RT). Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the method step that the fan ( 250 ) is switched off and a waiting time (G) begins to run, in which the fan ( 250 ) remains switched off if the measured relative humidity (RF) was in particular smaller than the calculated limit humidity (GF), and that after expiry of the waiting time (G) the at least one fan ( 250 is switched on again and preferably after a further time interval (C) again the room temperature (RT) and the relative humidity (RF) of the exhaust air (AL) and the fresh air temperature is measured, and it is determined whether the relative humidity (RF) the limit humidity (GF), on which depends the fan ( 250 ) is running or not. Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the method step that at least the fan ( 250 ) after a first blocking time (B) or a waiting time (G) begins to run, in order to generate an exhaust air volume flow (As) that during operation of the fan ( 250 ) at least temporarily the room temperature (RT) and the relative humidity (RF) of the exhaust air (AL) and the fresh air temperature (TF) is measured, and it is determined whether the relative humidity (RF) is above the limit humidity (GF) and the device continues to run if the relative humidity (RF) is too high compared to the limit humidity (GF), and the fan ( 250 ) is switched off when the relative humidity (RF) is preferably lower than the limiting moisture (GF). Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the method step that the ventilation device ( 100 ) remains switched off, in particular in a hazardous situation for the blocking period (B), when the ventilation device ( 100 ) receives a danger signal (GF) with which the blocking time (B) can be activated. Method according to one of the preceding claims, comprising the method step that the blocking time B is approximately 3-36 h, in particular 6-24 h or approximately 12 h, and preferably a warning signal from the ventilation device ( 100 ) while the lock time (B) is activated. Ventilation unit ( 100 ) for ventilating at least one room, comprising the method features according to one of the preceding claims, with a heat exchanger ( 110 ), at least one fan ( 250 ), with an exhaust air connection ( 150 ) and an exhaust air connection ( 180 ), characterized in that a control device ( 200 ) for measuring the room air temperature (TR) a first temperature sensor ( 220 ), a second temperature sensor ( 210 ) for measuring the fresh air temperature (TF) and a humidity sensor ( 230 ) are connected to measure the relative humidity (RF) of the room air.

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