DE102011001279A1 - Method for producing profiled ring e.g. sealing ring in car, involves shaping ring into profiled ring in continuous manner along circumference of ring in sections by exerting pressure in radial direction by profiling element - Google Patents

Abstract

The method involves providing a cylindrical ring (16) as a sleeve with front and rear circumferential edges in axial direction and a lateral surface that is formed between axial edges. The cylindrical ring is arranged in a die (12) such that the ring is temporarily supported in a region of the edges. The ring is shaped into a profiled ring in continuous manner along circumference of the ring in sections by exerting pressure in radial direction (R) by a profiling element (14). The profiling element and the die are rotated and/or moved linearly relative to each other. Independent claims are also included for the following: (1) a method for post-processing a profiled ring (2) a shaping device for executing a method for producing a profiled ring.

Description

The invention relates to a method for producing the metallic sealing element and a metallic bellows-type sealing element.

Metallic sealing elements are for example from DE 10 2004 060 845 A1 known. These sealing elements are annularly formed from a metallic material and have a substantially C-shaped spatial form in cross section, the cross section being open in an axial direction. The sealing element as such is annular in the broadest sense. In the radial direction of the ring, this sealing element can be elastically deformed by the c-shaped cross section a piece. Such a sealing element can be produced by deep drawing.

Another sealing element is from the DE 10 2006 045 584 A1 known, these metallic sealing elements have a in a radial direction inwardly open c- or v-shaped profile cross-section.

It is also mentioned that these metallic sealing elements can have a meandering profile cross-section. Such sealing elements with a meandering profile cross section are usually produced as follows. It is a cylindrical tube blank by means of a hydroforming process in a corresponding die in a corrugated tube with radially encircling, annular beads formed. From this corrugated pipe section, a piece comprising one or more such annular beads is cut to length by means of conventional separation methods, for example by means of sawing or laser cutting. The resulting cut edges are not suitable as sealing edges, since usually too large trimming tolerances arise that make reliable sealing impossible only by the trimming edges themselves. For this reason, after the cutting process, reshaping is still carried out in the area of the cutting edges so that a defined sealing edge, usually in the form of a kink (seen in cross-section), is generated somewhat spaced from the cutting edges. Only such a sealing edge produced in the form of a kink can ensure a reliable seal in an installation situation, for example in a mounting situation in the exhaust system of an automobile. Such a manufacturing method based on a blank production in hydroforming process is complicated and expensive.

From the DE 10 2009 033 135 a method for producing profiled sealing rings is known, in which in a continuous rolling process first a flat strip material is deformed in terms of the cross section by means of forming rollers and also at the end of the deformation step is formed into a spiral, wherein the spiral has approximately the inner diameter / outer diameter, the finished seal should have later. From the spiral a gear is always separated and its ends connected after forming the cross section. This then creates a sealing ring extending in one plane. Here, however, increased demands are placed on the accuracy of the production. In particular, it is desirable to avoid joining an already deformed cross-section to close the sealing ring.

From the EP 2 020 541 a method for producing a support ring for a sealing ring is known, in which first a ring is formed from a continuous sheet metal strip and this ring is then formed by roll forming or deep drawing. This support ring is further developed by vulcanizing a plastic to form a dynamic sealing ring, in particular a shaft sealing ring. A bellows-type metallic sealing element and a method for producing the same are not disclosed.

From the DE 197 55 391 is a method for producing a sealing ring is known, in which in a first step by forming a hollow cylindrical ring of a flat material, a support ring blank is made. This support ring blank is then formed by a deep drawing process. The support ring blank serves as a scaffold for overmoulding with a polymer plastic for training z. B. a shaft seal. The metallic support ring of this sealing ring thus has no sealing function itself.

From the GB 1 369 312 It is known to produce a cross-sectionally c-shaped sealing ring of a cylindrical tube blank by a deep-drawing process. This sealing ring is open with its cross section in an axial direction parallel to the central axis of the blank cylinder. In such an embodiment, the deep drawing can be applied. This manufacturing method is unsuitable if it is intended to produce a sealing ring whose cross-section is or should be radially inwardly or outwardly open.

In contrast, it is an object of the method invention to provide a method by which metallic bellows-like sealing elements, in particular in cross-section corrugated metallic bellows-like sealing elements can be produced in a cost effective, simple and process-safe manner.

Furthermore, as far as possible, in particular completely, a subsequent machining should be avoided.

Furthermore, a method is to be specified in which internal hydroforming for producing the bellows-type sealing element can be completely dispensed with.

The object of the invention relating to the metal bellows-type sealing element is to specify a precisely manufactured bellows-type sealing element which can be produced precisely, in particular without machining, and which also has an increased length compensation capability in an axial direction. Furthermore, a metallic sealing element is to be specified, which in a simple manner in terms of its spring rate in the axial direction is constructively adaptable to a variety of boundary conditions.

Furthermore, a metallic, bellows-type sealing element is to be specified, which retains its resilient bias better over the lifetime, in particular in high-temperature applications, for example in the exhaust system of a motor vehicle or other hot temperature applications, than already known metallic sealing elements.

These objects are achieved by a method having the features of claim 1. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the dependent of claim 1 claims. Furthermore, the objects relating to the metallic bellows-type sealing element are achieved by a metallic sealing element having the features of claim 19. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the claims dependent on claim 19.

• a) Bereitstellen eines rohrförmigen Rohlings aus Metall;
• b) Anordnen des Rohlings innerhalb zumindest eines eine Querschnittkontur eines Dichtelements als Formrelief aufweisenden Formwerkzeugs, wobei ein Rollenstempel innerhalb des Rohlings angeordnet ist, wobei zur Formgebung – ein Aufbringen einer bezüglich des Rohlings radial nach außen gerichteten Anpresskraft F erfolgt, die den Rollenstempel gegen eine Innenseite des Rohlings drückt und – ein Abrollen des Innenstempels während des Aufbringens der Anpresskraft F auf der Innenseite des Rohlings erfolgt, wobei der Rohling umlaufend die Querschnittskontur des Formreliefs annehmend plastisch verformt wird.

A method according to the invention for producing a metallic bellows-type sealing element has at least the following steps:

• a) providing a tubular blank of metal;
• b) arranging the blank within at least one of a cross-sectional contour of a sealing element as a form relief having mold, wherein a roller stamp is disposed within the blank, wherein for shaping - applying a relative to the blank radially outwardly directed contact force F takes place, the roller die against an inner side of the blank presses and - a rolling of the inner punch during the application of the pressing force F takes place on the inside of the blank, wherein the blank circumferentially the cross-sectional contour of the mold relief is acceptably plastically deformed.

Thus, the shaping of the bellows-type sealing element takes place in that the blank is formed rolling while applying or maintaining a contact force F in the radial direction between the roller punch and the forming tool. The pressing force F, which is generated on an inner side of the blank by advancing the roller punch radially outward on the mold, is expediently increased radially with increasing delivery of the roller punch to the outside, but at least kept the same. This means that with increasing deformation of the blank in the form of relief by adjusting the roller punch radially outward on the mold to the contact force F should be maintained or even increased.

According to a preferred embodiment, the inventive method further comprises the step that the mold is actively set in rotation by means of a drive and the roller die is actively rotated by means of another drive in such a way that the roller stamp passes without slippage or nearly slip-free with the blank and wherein the active drive of the roller punch is turned off when the roller punch is in frictional contact with the blank and the roller punch is rotationally driven by the blank during the shaping by friction.

In one embodiment of the invention, either the roller punch or the mold and its respective central axis are actively rotated and it is actively moved towards each other in the radial direction of the roller die and the mold.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the invention, the sealing element after shaping in the mold in its axial direction can be slightly compressed. As a result, undercuts can be produced in particular in the longitudinal section, which would not be able to be produced alone in the mold together with the roller punch. In particular, wall areas that depart from arcuate sections can taper towards one another.

In a further advantageous embodiment of the method according to the invention, the sealing element can be compressed to an oval, which in particular for mounting on cylindrical components causes a clamping and thus represents a captive or easier assembly.

The method according to the invention can be used advantageously as a preforming step, then as a final shaping step and optionally as a calibration step. As a result, the sealing element can be produced in a simple multi-stage manner with one and the same basic manufacturing method. In contrast, in the prior art, the hydroforming process, optionally a separation process and otherwise Postforming, z. B. a reshaping be applied.

In a particular embodiment, successive or adjacent arc sections of the sealing element can be manufactured by means of the roller die individually and in succession. This is particularly useful when grooves and arc segments of a sealing element have a certain minimum axial distance from each other. Thus, for example, a sealing element can be formed, which has a curved section adjacent to a sealing edge, then extends in a cylindrical cylinder-like manner and, in turn, has an arc section in the region of the second sealing edge. Of course, it is also possible in a particular embodiment of the method according to the invention to simultaneously form a plurality of arc sections, in particular up to four arc sections of the sealing element by means of a multi-roll punch.

In particular, a blank made of a sheet metal strip with a seam can be used as the blank, the tube section preferably being welded or soldered at the seam. However, a seamless tube can also be used, with the first variant in particular being more cost-effective, in particular in applications in vehicle construction.

In a particular embodiment of the method according to the invention, the mold is designed as a non-divisible, but optionally as a disassemblable mold whose smallest free inner diameter D _{i is} greater than the Endaußendurchmesser D _{2 of} the blank or a present in an intermediate molding step blank or the sealing element, so that in any case, the deformed part can be removed from the mold.

In this tool design, the sealing element or the blank is arranged eccentrically in the mold during the shaping step and is in contact only with a relief form, which is formed for example from a relief web of the mold and a counter-relief of the roller punch.

In particular, it has been proven that the free inner diameter of the mold is about 1% to 40%, preferably 2% to 20%, ideally 3% to 10% greater than the outer diameter D _{1 of} the sealing element.

In a comparable manner, this also applies to the roller die, the roller punch preferably has a largest outer diameter D _a , which is smaller than the smallest inner diameter D _{1 of} the molded sealing element or the blank or the blank in an intermediate molding stage, so that after the forming step the blank or the sealing element can be removed from the roller stamp. In a preferred manner, the outer diameter D _{a of} the roller punch is 1% to 40%, preferably 2% to 20%, ideally 3% to 10% smaller than the smallest free inner diameter D _{1 of} the molded sealing element.

According to a further advantageous embodiment of the blank prior to molding by means of a bottom piece and optionally also by means of a cover plate, which z. B. may be part of the mold, positioned in an axial direction relative to the mold relief and / or held.

In a particular embodiment of the method, the blank may be fixed during the forming step by the bottom piece and the top plate, wherein advantageously the bottom piece and / or the top plate are axially adjusted during the forming step to the decreasing axial height h of the blank during deformation ,

In a further preferred embodiment, an axial compressive force is applied to the blank or the sealing element located in a deformation step during the forming step to assist in the flow of the blank material and the nesting of the blank to the mold relief.

Furthermore, the invention relates to a bellows-type sealing element, which is produced by the method according to the invention.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sealing element at least in an edge region in cross-section on a kink, wherein the kink forms a sealing edge in the intended use of the sealing element.

In a further particular embodiment of the invention, the sealing element is conically tapered or widening in its axial direction.

A further advantageous embodiment of the sealing element according to the invention is that free edges of the sealing element at one end of the sealing element point radially inward to the central axis of the sealing element.

In a special way, it is advantageous that the sealing element according to the invention is formed bellows-like, so that it is resilient in the axial direction and thus in the installed state has a self-bias and a length-adaptability.

In particular, in hot gas applications, a bellows-like design it is resilient sealing element of particular advantage, since the stresses in several arc sections of such a spring-biased sealing element is less than in a cross-sectionally C-shaped sealing element, so that at high temperatures, a flow of the material in the sealing element according to the invention only takes place later. Thus, the sealing elements according to the invention in the high temperature range can be used particularly advantageously.

As materials for the sealing element according to the invention has in particular steel, in particular stainless steel or high-alloy nickel or nickel-cobalt alloys, eg. As Inconel, and spring steel proven.

Further advantageous materials are mentioned in the following description.

For a typical use in vehicle construction, especially in the hot gas area, z. B. in the exhaust system of a motor vehicle or commercial vehicle sealing elements have proven with wall thicknesses in the range between 0.1 mm and 0.3 mm.

In a particularly preferred manner, radii R ₁ , R ₂ , R _{3 of} the arcuate portions of the bellows-type sealing element can be of different sizes. This opens in particular a large, constructive freedom in the design and adaptation of a sealing element to constructional boundary conditions.

Further advantageous embodiments will become apparent from the other dependent claims and in particular from the following description of the figures.

In the following the invention will be explained in more detail by way of example with reference to the drawing. Show it:

1 : schematically enlarged in longitudinal section (line AA off 2 ) a metallic, bellows-type sealing element according to the invention;

2a . 2 B . 2c a plan view, a side view and an isometric view of a metallic bellows-type sealing element according to the invention;

3 : a longitudinal sectional view (line A'-A 'off 2 ) of the metallic bellows-type sealing element according to the invention;

4 : schematically a blank for a sealing element according to the invention;

5 a cross section through a production tool (preforming step) for producing a sealing element according to the invention.

5a : a detail from the 5 (Detail X)

six a cross section through a second production tool for producing the metallic sealing element according to the invention (postforming step);

6A : the detail X out six and

7 : schematically the course of the manufacturing process according to the invention.

An inventive metallic sealing element 1 ( 1 . 2A to 2C ) has a substantially annular space shape and is bellows in the longitudinal section corrugated in the manner of a corrugated pipe with circumferential bead-like elevations 1a and groove-like depressions 1b educated. Under "bellows" in the context of the invention is a structure with elevations 1a and depressions 1b to understand which in an axial direction 100 resiliently deformable. This is characteristically achieved in that at least some wall regions of the bellows at an angle ≠ 180 ° to the axial direction 100 are arranged.

The bead-like elevations 1a pointing in a radial direction 101 to the outside, away from a central axis M. Between two bead-like elevations 1a is a groove-like depression 1b arranged. The surveys 1a have the outside with respect to the sealing element 1 a zenith Z. On the inside have the groove-like depressions 1b a zenith Z '.

The metallic sealing element has a first free edge 2 and a second free edge 3 , Adjacent to the free edges 2 . 3 are 2 sealing edges (first sealing edge 4 and second sealing edge 5 ) arranged. In the further course of the cross section follows on the sealing edge 4 first a first arc section six , Following this has the metallic sealing element 1 a counter-curved second arc section 7 , Between the second arc section 7 the second sealing edge 5 sits a third arc section 8th ,

For the further description is an inside 11 and an outside 12 of the sealing element 1 Are defined.

Both between the bow sections six . 7 . 8th as well as between the first arc section six and the sealing edge 4 as well as between the third arc section 8th and the second sealing edge 5 may optionally be present in cross section straight sections. The bow sections six . 7 . 8th However, they can also merge directly into each other or directly into the sealing edges 4 . 5 enter.

The metallic sealing element has a height h and an outer diameter D ₂ and a free inner diameter D ₁ .

Furthermore, the metallic sealing element has a central axis M.

In the illustrated embodiment according to 1 the free edges are aligned 2 . 3 in the axial direction 100 at about the zenith Z '.

Of course, it is also possible that, for example, free edges 2 ' or 3 ' are formed, which end with respect to the zenith Z 'radially closer to the central axis M. In this case, such free edges 2 ' . 3 ' have a different distance to the central axis M. Such a design of the sealing element 1 is readily feasible with the inventive method, whereas a manufacturing method based on a hydroformed corrugated pipe blank such a design of the sealing element does not or only under extremely cumbersome conditions. In such a method according to the prior art, one relies on the preformed spatial form of the corrugated pipe blank.

The above information essentially applies to circular metallic sealing elements. Of course, deviating forms of space, such as ovalized metallic sealing elements 1 settle in the scope of the invention.

Such above-described sealing elements 1 are considered in the context of the invention as bellows-like sealing elements, since they are in an axial direction 100 (Parallel to the central axis M) are resiliently formed with corrugated longitudinal section, so that an axial length compensation between two adjacent sealing partners, between which the sealing element 1 is arranged is possible.

Such a bellows-type sealing element can not be produced, for example, by deep-drawing with linearly movable mold halves. With thermoforming only corrugated seal rings are produced, the wavy course in the radial direction 101 runs and not as in the invention bellows-type sealing element in the axial direction 100 ,

To ensure a perfect sealing function, high demands are placed on the geometric dimensions of the metallic sealing elements. For example, the dimension h (height of the metallic sealing element) between the sealing edges 4 . 5 measured to tolerate all around the metallic sealing element only in the tenth range. For example, a tolerance of +/- 0.2 mm has proven itself with a height h of 8 mm. These requirements can be easily realized with a sealing element according to the invention, produced by a method according to the invention, with manageable effort.

As radii R ₁ , R ₂ , R _{3 of} the arc sections six . 7 . 8th have proven radii of a few millimeters, especially in the range of 2 mm to 5 mm. The radii R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃ may each be the same size or different sizes. As a free opening angle α, which is preferred for all arc sections six . 7 . 8th is formed equal, an angle of 45 ° ≤ α ≤ 65 °, in particular of 50 ° ≤ α ≤ 60 ° has proven. The details refer to the dimensions of the metallic sealing element in the non-installed, so not strained state. In particular, it may also be expedient for example, the free opening angle of the first arc section six and the third arc section 8th to choose the same size and possibly the free opening angle α of the second arc section 7 to choose from different. In most cases, a symmetrical in cross section training has proven. However, the invention is not limited to this embodiment. Furthermore, it is within the scope of the invention, the sealing element with more than 3 arc sections described six . 7 . 8th manufacture.

The bow sections six . 7 . 8th are consistently in the radial direction 101 of the metallic sealing element 1 open to the inside or outside, so that the free edges 2 . 3 each preferably in the radial direction 101 at least essentially in the radial direction 101 point. For installing a metallic sealing element according to the invention 1 between two parts to be sealed 10a . 10b (first part 10a , Part 10b , in 2 B shown in a highly schematic manner) is by stacking or joining the parts to be sealed 10a . 10b the metallic sealing element 1 with respect to its longitudinal section in the axial direction 100 pressed. This will cause the bow sections six . 7 . 8th resiliently compressed. The first sealing edge 4 and the second sealing edge 5 thus become the axially outermost edge of the sealing element 1 so that only the sealing edges 4 . 5 on the first part 10a or on the second part 10b abut and so a defined line seal is ensured.

Preferred materials for forming the metallic sealing element according to the invention 1 are "AR Gasket", "B096", in particular all high-temperature-resistant stainless steels and spring steels. B096 is to be understood as meaning high-alloyed nickel steels. A particularly preferred material for the metallic sealing element is a NiCr19Fe19 Nb5Mo3 steel (material no. 2.4668) according to DIN 59746 ,

As a material thickness for common application areas, in particular for example in hot gas lines in the automotive industry and commercial vehicle, a material thickness s in the range between 0.1 mm and 0.25 mm, especially in the range between 0.1 mm and 0.2 mm has proven.

3 shows a longitudinal sectional view along the line A'-A 'from 2 the metallic bellows-type sealing element according to the invention. In this embodiment, it is particularly clear that between the elbows six . 7 . 8th each flat or nearly flat portions of the sealing element 1 are present, which are shown in the drawn longitudinal section as straight or almost straight longitudinal sections.

In particular, in the manufacture of the sealing element according to the invention 1 Care be taken with the manufacturing method described below, that in the bow sections six . 7 . 8th in the deformation of a blank 200 (see. 4 ) a thinner material thickness s' than the starting material thickness s on the finished sealing element 1 is present. As a result, in particular the resilient properties of the sealing element 1 , in particular in the axial direction 100 be specifically influenced. It is also possible, especially in the area of bow sections six . 7 . 8th To apply an increased pressure in the manufacturing process described below and thus to achieve a solidification of the material, in particular a work hardening of the material. In particular, by tensions targeted in the sealing element, in particular in the arc areas six . 7 . 8th be registered and thus the resilient properties are specifically influenced.

In the following, the manufacturing method based on the 4 to 7 explained in more detail by way of example, the production method in particular with reference to drawings relating to the / the production tools according to the 5 to six is described.

Starting point for the production of a sealing element according to the invention 1 is a band-shaped blank 200 , the length l 'and the width h'. This band-shaped blank 200 becomes about an axis parallel to a narrow side edge 201 , For example, the central axis M formed into a cylindrical ring and along the narrow side edges 201 welded or soldered, so that a cylindrical tubular blank 200 is present.

The terms "axial direction 300 "And" radial direction 301 "Refer to the following description on a radial direction and axial direction of the production tool and can with the radial direction 101 of the sealing element 1 and with the axial direction 100 of the sealing element 1 However, they do not have to coincide as they have been used in the previous description.

Furthermore, terms such as "top", "bottom", "top" and "bottom" are used below. These terms refer to the location of the representations in the figures. Of course, in reality, the overall arrangement or individual arrangements with respect to a vertically upper and a vertically lower layer may also be reversed.

A production tool for carrying out the method according to the invention has a molding tool 210 and a roller stamp 211 , Both the mold 210 as well as the role stamp 211 are about a central axis MW of the production tool independently or coupled to each other in a double arrow direction 212 rotatably mounted drivable. The mold 210 is for example in the manner of a hood-like Gesenk, which is a downwardly open die opening 213 owns, trained. The mold is for example made of a cover plate 214 , a relief plate 215 and a holding plate 216 educated. The holding plate 216 and the relief plate 215 have a hole-like recess, which together with a blind hole-like recess of the cover plate 214 the die opening 213 form. The relief plate 215 has a relief bridge 217 , which radially inwardly into the die opening 213 protrudes. The die opening 213 has a minimum free inner diameter D _i , which is larger than an outer diameter D _{2 of} the annular blank 200 and further selected at least so large that the maximum inner diameter D _{i is} greater than the largest outer diameter of each forming step of the blank 200 , in particular 1% to 40%, preferably 2% to 20%, ideally 3% to 30% greater.

The lower side has the mold 210 a bottom piece 218 , The bottom piece 218 essentially closes the die opening 213 down from and has a Langlochausnehmung 219 that from the roller stamp 211 is penetrated. The roller stamp 211 has a stub shaft 220 for connection to a drive device (not shown). Inside the die opening 213 extends the role stamp 211 mushroom-like radially outward and has a relief plate 215 or to the relief footbridge 217 corresponding counter-relief 221 , The roller stamp 211 is with respect to the mold 210 in a radial direction 301 inside the long hole 219 displaceable. Both the mold 210 as well as the role stamp 211 are independent drivable from one another or also coupled to one another. The Reliefsteg 217 and the counter-relief 221 form a form relief 217 . 221 for shaping the sealing ring.

To perform a preforming step according to the method of the invention is a blank 200 on the bottom piece 218 lying in the die opening 213 arranged so that the blank 200 preferably to the relief bridge 217 Game has and also the role stamp 211 or its counter-relief 221 Game has.

By means of the bottom piece 218 , which optionally in the axial direction 300 axially displaceable, in particular driven axially displaceable, the position of the blank can 200 in the axial direction 300 relative to the relief footbridge 217 be predetermined and set.

Now the mold is 210 in double arrow direction 212 set in rotation. The roller stamp 211 is also rotated about its central axis and in the radial direction 301 preferably motor relative to the mold 210 offset radially for the purpose of applying a contact pressure F. This is done until the blank 200 between the relief walkway 217 and the counter-relief 221 is trapped and thus the blank 200 , which initially still resting on the bottom piece 218 was stored, along with the roller stamp 211 and the mold 210 is set in rotation. Along the radial direction 301 becomes the role stamp 211 with a force (contact force F) acted upon, so that the blank 200 , which at this time of the process eccentric with respect to the center axis MW in the mold 210 is arranged and only by means of a portion of the form of relief 217 . 221 is in contact, is shaped. The blank 200 is thus seen during the preforming step in the circumferential direction only partially eccentrically offset on the mold 210 inside, especially at the relief footbridge 217 and at the roll stamp 211 at. Only in the contact area between the roller stamp 211 and the blank 200 and the mold 210 takes place under the contact force F, a plastic deformation, in which with increasing radial offset and optionally contact pressure F of the roller punch 211 along the radial direction 301 the blank 200 around the relief walkway 217 is plastically deformed. This creates, for example, a second arc section 7 (see. 1 to 3 ) of the above-described sealing element according to the invention 1 , The mold 210 and the role stamp 211 , but at least one of these two form partners, is driven so long and the contact pressure F of the roller punch 211 regarding the mold 210 maintained or increased until the blank 200 in the contact area with the mold 210 and the roller stamp 211 completely to the relief footbridge 217 has nestled and thus the preforming step is completed.

Then we get the role stamp 211 in the radial direction back to the center of the mold 210 moved back to the starting position. The preformed blank can thus from the relief bar 217 be removed and is now removed in the die opening 213 , To remove, for example, the roller stamp 211 together with the bottom piece 218 in the axial direction 300 to be moved down so that the preformed blank 200 from the bottom piece 218 can be taken. This succeeds because the diameter D _{i of} the molding tool 210 in any case greater than the outer diameter D _{2 of} the now preformed blank 200 , This leaves the closed, annular blank from the die opening 213 removable.

An inventive advantageous feature of the method and also of the production tool is that the mold 210 is designed as a non-divisible tool, ie it must during the manufacturing process of a sealing ring 1 do not consist of two mold halves, so that the tool can be opened and closed. Rather, it is enough that the mold 210 not divisible to make and the removability of the workpiece (blank or preformed / final molded blank) on the choice of the diameter D _i , which must be sufficiently large.

Under a non-divisible tool is a tool to understand, which is not divisible during operation. Of course, the above-described mold 210 , which in exemplary description of the cover plate 214 , the relief plate 215 and the retaining plate 216 exists, as such dismantled, for example, for maintenance purposes or for the purpose of replacing the relief plate. However, a dismountable tool is not a divisible tool in the sense of the above description. The finished assembled mold 210 is in the illustrated position according to 5a a tightly screwed together, not divisible in operation, hood-like tool block with a downwardly open die opening 213 ,

5a shows what has been described above again in an enlarged view on the basis of the detail X. 5 ,

In the illustration according to the 5 . 5a is the role stamp 211 for radial delivery relative to the mold 210 starting from the position shown in accordance with 5 movable to the right.

In the following, the mold is represented by a finished molding step, wherein the radial displaceability of the roller punch 211 relative to the mold 210 in the illustration according to six . 6a perpendicular to the drawing plane. In addition to the representation according to the 5 . 5a (not shown there) is in the illustration according to six the mold 210 with a drive shaft socket 250 connected, which is rotationally driven. The roller stamp 211 sits in a sliding gate 251 , wherein the sliding gate 251 groove 252 which is on sliding bars 253 are stored displaceably. The sliding bars 253 are part of a tool base 254 , where the tool base 254 firmly with the bottom piece 218 is screwed. Thus, the roller stamp 211 together with the bottom piece 218 in the axial direction 300 displaceable, whereas the role stamp 211 relative to the tool base 254 is linearly movable and in particular with respect to the mold 210 is radially displaceable.

In contrast to the above-described preforming step, the molding tool differs 210 only in that the cover plate 214 , the relief plate 215 and the holding plate 216 in the area of the die opening 213 indicative contour are formed differently from the preforming step. To form z. B. the cover plate 214 and the relief plate 215 as well as the relief plate 215 and the holding plate 216 one relief each 280 to form a first arc section six and a third arc section 8th ,

6a shows by the detail X according to six The above partially in an enlarged scale. The procedure of inserting the blank 200 , shaping the blank 200 and removing 200 of the blank corresponds to that in connection with the preforming step with reference to FIG 5 and 5a Described. Also the mold 210 in the final molding step according to six and 6a is considered as a hood-like (the die opening 213 exhibiting, not divisible but collapsible) tool formed.

The finished molding of the sealing element 1 takes place in the same or analogous manner to the preforming step by radially displacing the roller punch 211 , Applying a contact force F and forming the blank 200 in the form of relief 280 ,

After the blank 200 the finished molding step in the tool according to six . 6a If necessary, a calibration step, in which the sealing edges 4 . 5 be made in the required tolerance. For this purpose, one with the preforming step and the finishing step according to the 5 . 5a and six . 6a essentially identical step. During the calibration step, only the degree of deformation of the already formed blank which has already been inserted in the calibration tool is shown 200 clearly minimized and refers only to the manufacture and shaping of the sealing edges 4 and 5 within the tolerance range. Further transformations are preferably not carried out in the calibration step.

Subsequent to the calibration step, the now finished sealing element 1 if necessary in the axial direction if necessary 100 of the sealing element 1 to be compressed, if necessary, to achieve the predetermined height h of the sealing element within the predetermined tolerances.

Optionally, it may be to facilitate the assembly of the sealing element 1 also offer the sealing element 1 following compression in the radial direction, so that an oval sealing element 1 arises.

Based on 7 Finally, once again the essential steps of the method according to the invention for the production of bellows-type sealing elements are shown.

The first step is the production of the blank, wherein in particular a welding or soldering of a ring from a band-shaped sheet metal is preferred. Subsequently, in the context of a preforming step, a first profile section, for example an arc section 7 of the sealing element 1 shaped.

In a second forming step (finished molding step) further arc segments of the sealing element 1 shaped, for example, the arc segments six and 8th ,

As part of a recalibration step, if necessary, the exact geometric tolerance of the sealing edges 4 and 5 be set.

In the case of easily deformable plastic materials or, in particular, also in the case of simple cross-sectional geometries, the preforming step can optionally be dispensed with and the shaping process carried out by means of a shaping step before the calibration. Optionally, even the calibration step can be omitted.

The inventive method is characterized in particular by a high-precision production of sealing elements in bellows-type design. In particular, it is also easily possible to produce a succession of several arc sections, also a sequence of more than three arc sections, and thus to create a sealing, resilient sealing device. A forming step for the production of the blank by way of hydroforming process deleted. Of Further can be machined finishing of the free edges 2 and 3 omitted.

Experiments have shown that blanks with a height h 'of at least 5 mm are already suitable for this method. Particularly advantageous in these methods is that by the rolling production of the free edges 2 and in particular the sealing edges 4 and 5 have an extremely low ripple, which ensures an excellent sealing result.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

metallic sealing element

2

first free edge

3

second free edge

4

first sealing edge

5

second sealing edge

6

first arc section

7

second arc section

8th

third arc section

1a

surveys

1b

wells

10a

first sealing part

10b

second sealing part

11

inside

12

outside

100

axially

101

radial direction

200

blank

201

Narrow side edges

210

mold

211

roller stamp

212

Double arrow

213

die opening

214

cover plate

215

relief plate

216

Retaining plate

217

relief web

218

breech

219

Long hole

220

stub shaft

221

against relief

250

shaft stub

251

shifting backdrop

252

groove

253

sliding webs

254

tool carrier

280

shape relief

300

axially

301

radial direction

F

contact force

D _a

outer diameter

D _i

Inner diameter

H

height

H'

width

l '

length

M

central axis

MW

central axis

s

Initial material thickness

s'

material thickness

R ₁ , R ₂ , R ₃

radii

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 102004060845 A1 [0002]
• DE 102006045584 A1 [0003]
• DE 102009033135 [0005]
• EP 2020541 [0006]
• DE 19755391 [0007]
• GB 1369312 [0008]

Cited non-patent literature

• DIN 59746 [0067]

Claims (28)

Method for producing a metallic, bellows-type sealing element ( 1 ), comprising at least the following steps: a) providing a tubular blank ( 200 ) made of metal; b) arranging the blank ( 200 ) within at least one a cross-sectional contour of a sealing element ( 1 ) as a relief ( 217 ) having a mold ( 210 ); where c) a roller stamp ( 211 ) with a relief ( 217 ) corresponding counterform relief ( 221 ) within the blank ( 200 ) is arranged, wherein for shaping 1. an application of a relative to the blank ( 200 ) radially outwardly directed contact force takes place, the roller punch ( 211 ) against an inside of the blank ( 200 ) and 2. a rolling of the inner punch ( 211 ) during the application of the contact pressure on the inside of the blank ( 200 ), whereby the blank ( 200 ) circumferentially the cross-sectional contour of the relief ( 217 ) and the counter-relief ( 221 ) is plastically deformed. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the molding tool ( 210 ) is actively rotated by means of a drive and the roller punch ( 211 ) is actively set in rotation by means of a further drive, such that the roller punch ( 211 ) slip-free or almost slip-free with the blank ( 200 ) and wherein the active drive of the roller punch ( 211 ) is switched off when the roller punch ( 211 ) with the blank ( 200 ) is in frictional contact and the roller punch ( 211 ) during shaping dragging over friction from the blank ( 200 ) is driven in rotation. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the roller punch ( 211 ) is actively rotated about its central axis and in the radial direction ( 301 ) is actively driven shifted. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the molding tool ( 210 ) is actively rotated about its central axis (MW) and in the radial direction ( 301 ) on the roller stamp ( 211 ) is shifted too actively driven. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing element ( 1 ) after molding in the mold ( 210 ) in its axial direction ( 100 ) is compressed. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sealing element ( 1 ) after shaping in the radial direction ( 101 ) is deformed into an oval. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the method according to claim 1 is given as a preforming step, then the method according to claim 1 in a second mold ( 210 ) with a second roller punch (Endformrollenstempel) ( 211 ) is carried out as a finished molding step and / or subsequently the method according to claim 1 in a third mold ( 210 ) with a third roller punch ( 211 ) (Kalibrierrollenstempel) as a calibration step for the final production of sealing edges ( 3 . 4 ) of the sealing element ( 1 ) is performed. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that arc sections ( six . 7 . 8th ) of the longitudinal section of the sealing element ( 1 ) by means of the roller punch ( 211 ) individually and in succession. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two arc sections ( six . 7 . 8th ) of the sealing element ( 1 ) are shaped simultaneously with a multi-roll punch. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blank ( 200 ) is formed from a sheet metal strip and is welded at an interface or as a blank ( 200 ) a pipe section of a seamless pipe is used. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the molding tool ( 211 ) has a smallest free inner diameter (D _i ) greater than the Endaußendurchmesser (D ₂ ) of the molded sealing element ( 1 ) or the blank ( 200 ), wherein the blank ( 200 ) during the shaping step eccentrically in the mold ( 210 ) is arranged and in the circumferential direction only partially with the relief ( 217 ) of the molding tool ( 210 ) and the counter-relief ( 221 ) of the roller stamp ( 211 ) is in contact. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a molding tool ( 210 ) is used, wherein the free inner diameter (D _i ) of the mold ( 210 ) 1% to 40%, preferably 2% to 20%, ideally 3% to 10% greater than the outer diameter (D ₁ ) of the sealing element ( 1 ) and the mold ( 210 ) is designed as a non-divisible tool. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the roller punch ( 211 ) has a largest outer diameter (D _a ), which is smaller than the smallest free inner diameter (D ₁ ) of the molded sealing element ( 1 ), whereby the blank ( 200 ) during the Shaping step eccentric with respect to the roller punch ( 211 ) is arranged and thereby only partially in the circumferential direction with the relief ( 217 . 221 ) is in contact. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the outer diameter (D _a ) of the roller punch ( 211 ) is 1% to 40%, preferably 2% to 20%, ideally 3% to 10% smaller than the smallest free inner diameter (D ₁ ) of the molded sealing element ( 1 ). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that after the shaping step the roll punch ( 211 ) in the radial direction ( 301 ) is moved back to the middle position (initial position), so that the molded sealing element ( 1 ) loosely in the mold ( 210 ) lying out of this is removable. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blank ( 200 ) before shaping by means of a bottom piece ( 218 ) of the molding tool ( 210 ) in the axial direction ( 300 ) relative to the relief ( 217 . 221 ) is positioned and / or held. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the blank ( 200 ) during the shaping step through the bottom piece ( 218 ) in particular additionally by the cover plate ( 214 ) in an axial direction ( 300 ) with respect to the mold ( 210 ), whereby advantageously the bottom piece ( 218 ) and / or the cover plate ( 214 ) during the shaping step in the axial direction ( 300 ) to the decreasing axial height (h) of the blank ( 200 ) adjusted. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that by means of the bottom piece ( 218 ) and the cover plate ( 214 ) during the forming step, an axial compression force on the blank ( 200 ) is applied to the flow of the material of the blank ( 200 ) and the nestling of the blank ( 200 ) to the relief ( 217 . 221 ) to support. Sealing element produced by a method according to one or more of claims 1 to 17. Sealing element according to claim 18, characterized in that, the sealing element ( 1 ) in at least one edge region in cross section a kink ( 3 . 4 ), wherein the kink ( 3 . 4 ) in the intended use of the sealing element ( 1 ) a sealing edge ( 3 . 4 ). Sealing element according to one of claims 19 or 20, characterized in that the sealing element ( 1 ) in longitudinal section at least two radially inwardly open and / or two radially outwardly open arc sections ( six . 7 . 8th ) owns. Sealing element according to one of claims 19 or 21, characterized in that the sealing element ( 1 ) is formed of steel, in particular of high-alloy nickel steel, for. B. from Inconel 718 is formed. Sealing element according to one of claims 19 to 22, characterized in that the sealing element ( 1 ) has a wall thickness of 0.1 mm to 0.3 mm. Sealing element according to one of claims 18 to 23, characterized in that the sealing element ( 1 ) in the direction of its axial direction ( 100 ) is resilient. Sealing element according to one of claims 19 to 24, characterized in that edge edge regions of the sealing element ( 1 ) in the non-installed state of the sealing element ( 1 ) approximately perpendicular to the central axis (M) of the sealing element ( 1 ) and during installation or during installation of the sealing element ( 1 ) by compression of the sealing element ( 1 ) to the central axis (M) of the sealing element ( 1 ) are arranged sloping or rising, the kinks ( 3 . 4 ) in the installed state, the sealing element ( 1 ) in terms of its axial extent (height h) limit. Sealing element according to one of claims 19 to 25, characterized in that the sealing element ( 1 ) is designed as a ring, in particular as a circular ring or as an oval ring. Sealing element according to one of claims 19 to 26, characterized in that radii (R1, R2, R3) of arc sections ( six . 7 . 8th ) of the sealing element ( 1 ) are different in size. Sealing element according to one of claims 19 to 27, characterized in that the sealing element ( 1 ) with respect to its spring rate in the axial direction ( 100 ) has a linear, progressive or declining spring character.

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