DE102010042401A1 - Device and method for waste heat utilization of an internal combustion engine - Google Patents
Device and method for waste heat utilization of an internal combustion engine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- DE102010042401A1 DE102010042401A1 DE102010042401A DE102010042401A DE102010042401A1 DE 102010042401 A1 DE102010042401 A1 DE 102010042401A1 DE 102010042401 A DE102010042401 A DE 102010042401A DE 102010042401 A DE102010042401 A DE 102010042401A DE 102010042401 A1 DE102010042401 A1 DE 102010042401A1
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- steam
- expansion machine
- steam storage
- heat exchanger
- line
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/065—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle the combustion taking place in an internal combustion piston engine, e.g. a diesel engine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K3/00—Plants characterised by the use of steam or heat accumulators, or intermediate steam heaters, therein
- F01K3/08—Use of accumulators and the plant being specially adapted for a specific use
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
- F22B1/1807—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
Abstract
Es wird eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Abwärmenutzung einer Brennkraftmaschine (2) vorgeschlagen, wobei in einem Leitungskreis (4), in dem ein Arbeitsmedium zirkuliert, eine Speisepumpe (6), ein Wärmetauscher (8), eine Expansionsmaschine (10) und ein Kondensator (12) angeordnet sind. Im Leitungskreis (4) ist weiterhin ein Dampfspeicher (40) zur Speicherung des dampfförmigen Arbeitsmediums angeordnet.The invention relates to a device and a method for using waste heat from an internal combustion engine (2), a feed pump (6), a heat exchanger (8), an expansion machine (10) and a condenser in a line circuit (4) in which a working medium circulates (12) are arranged. A steam accumulator (40) for storing the vaporous working medium is also arranged in the line circuit (4).
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung und ein Verfahren zur Abwärmenutzung nach dem Oberbegriff des Anspruchs 1.The invention relates to a device and a method for waste heat recovery according to the preamble of claim 1.
Stand der TechnikState of the art
Aus
Offenbarung der ErfindungDisclosure of the invention
Die erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung zur Abwärmenutzung einer Brennkraftmaschine und das zugehörige erfindungsgemäße Verfahren mit den Merkmalen der unabhängigen Ansprüche hat den Vorteil, dass Dampf, der zu einem bestimmten Zeitpunkt nicht benötigt wird, gespeichert wird und erst bei Bedarf oder einer Lastanforderung an die Expansionsmaschine weitergeleitet wird.The inventive device for waste heat utilization of an internal combustion engine and the associated method according to the invention with the features of the independent claims has the advantage that steam that is not needed at a certain time, is stored and forwarded to the expansion machine only when needed or a load request.
Bei einer kurzfristigen Laständerungen der Brennkraftmaschine, wie sie beispielsweise beim Abbremsen eines Kraftfahrzeuges auftritt, kann die über das Abgassystem abgegebene Wärme nicht vollständig an den Antriebsstrang des Kraftfahrzeuges zurückgeführt werden, da in diesem Moment keine Lastanforderung vorliegt. Die über das Abgassystem abgegebene Wärmeenergie würde verloren gehen, wenn kein geeignetes Speichersystem zur Verfügung steht. Durch den Dampfspeicher kann die Wärmeenergie gespeichert werden und zu einem späteren Zeitpunkt wieder genutzt werden.In a short-term load changes of the internal combustion engine, such as occurs when braking a motor vehicle, the heat emitted via the exhaust system heat can not be fully attributed to the drive train of the motor vehicle, since there is no load request at this moment. The heat energy released via the exhaust system would be lost if no suitable storage system is available. Through the steam storage, the heat energy can be stored and used again at a later date.
Ein anderes Beispiel für eine kurzfristige Laständerung der Brennkraftmaschine ist der Überholvorgang eines Kraftfahrzeuges nach vorhergehendem Abbremsen. Hier benötigt die Brennkraftmaschine kurzfristig eine sehr hohe Energie, die aus dem Dampfspeicher entnommen werden kann.Another example of a short-term load change of the internal combustion engine is the overtaking of a motor vehicle after previous deceleration. Here, the internal combustion engine requires a very short time, a very high energy that can be removed from the steam storage.
Die Wärmeenergie der Abgase und der Abgasrückführung steht der Expansionsmaschine aufgrund der thermischen Trägheiten des mindestens einen Wärmetauschers und der thermischen Trägheit des Wärmeüberganges immer zeitlich verzögert zur Verfügung. Ein Vorteil der Erfindung besteht darin, dass Wärmeenergie durch den Dampfspeicher gespeichert werden kann und bei einer kurzfristigen Lastanforderung wieder zur Verfügung steht.The heat energy of the exhaust gases and the exhaust gas recirculation is the expansion machine due to the thermal inertia of the at least one heat exchanger and the thermal inertia of the heat transfer always delayed in time available. An advantage of the invention is that heat energy can be stored by the steam accumulator and is available again upon a short-term load request.
In den abhängigen Ansprüchen sind vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens und der erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung angegeben.In the dependent claims advantageous refinements and developments of the method and apparatus of the invention are given.
Ein weiterer Vorteil ergibt sich durch die Anordnung des Dampfspeichers in einer Leitung des Leitungskreises zwischen Wärmetauscher und Expansionsmaschine, da der Dampfspeicher zwischen Dampferzeuger und Dampfverbraucher angeordnet ist und somit keine weiteren Verluste über lange Wegstrecken entstehen.Another advantage results from the arrangement of the vapor storage in a line of the line circuit between the heat exchanger and expansion machine, since the steam storage between steam generator and steam consumer is arranged and thus no further losses over long distances arise.
Durch eine Anordnung, bei der der Dampfspeicher über eine Abzweigleitung direkt mit dem Wärmetauscher verbunden ist, ergibt sich der Vorteil, dass durch die räumliche Nähe zwischen Wärmetaucher und Dampfspeicher eine gemeinsame Isolierung oder ein gemeinsamer Bauraum genutzt werden kann.By an arrangement in which the steam storage is connected via a branch line directly to the heat exchanger, there is the advantage that a common insulation or a common space can be used by the spatial proximity between the heat exchanger and steam storage.
Vorteilhaft ist eine Verbindung von Expansionsmaschine und Dampfspeicher über eine Abzweigleitung, da bei einer kurzfristigen Lastanforderung über die Expansionsmaschine sofort Dampf zum Betreiben der Expansionsmaschine zur Verfügung steht und keine Zeitverluste über lange Wegstrecken entstehen.Advantageously, a connection of the expansion machine and steam storage via a branch line, as at a short-term load request on the expansion machine immediately steam for operating the expansion machine is available and no time losses over long distances arise.
Eine weitere vorteilhafte Anordnung des Dampfspeicher ist, wenn dieser über eine Abzweigleitung mit einer Leitung zwischen dem Wärmetauscher und der Expansionsmaschine verbunden ist, da der vom Wärmetauscher erzeugte Dampf nicht zwangsläufig durch den Dampfspeicher auf den Weg zur Expansionsmaschine strömt.A further advantageous arrangement of the steam accumulator is when it is connected via a branch line to a line between the heat exchanger and the expansion machine, since the steam generated by the heat exchanger does not necessarily flow through the steam accumulator on the way to the expansion machine.
Besonders Vorteilhaft zeigt sich ein regelbares Ventil in einer der bisher genannten Abzweigleitungen, da die Aufnahme und Abgabe von Dampf bewusst über das regelbare Ventil gesteuert werden kann und somit in die Regelung des thermodynamischen Kreislaufes den das Arbeitsmedium durchläuft eingegriffen werden kann. Durch ein gezieltes Öffnen und Schließen des Ventils können Druckschwankungen im Wärmetauscher und den anschließenden Leitungen reduziert werden. Des Weiteren lässt sich durch die Aufnahme und Abgabe von Dampf aus dem Leitungskreis die Verdampfungstemperatur beeinflussen.Particularly advantageous shows a controllable valve in one of the previously mentioned branch lines, since the absorption and release of steam can be controlled deliberately via the controllable valve and thus in the control of the thermodynamic cycle through which the working fluid passes can be intervened. By deliberately opening and closing the valve, pressure fluctuations in the heat exchanger and the subsequent lines can be reduced. Furthermore, can be influenced by the absorption and release of steam from the line circuit, the evaporation temperature.
Die Anordnung des Dampfspeichers in einer Bypassverbindung parallel zur Expansionsmaschine ist von Vorteil, da Dampf aus dem Dampfspeicher über die Bypassverbindung an der Expansionsmaschine vorbeigeleitet werden kann und somit auch Wärmeenergie über den Kondensator an einen angeschlossenen Kühlkreislauf abgegeben werden kann.The arrangement of the vapor accumulator in a bypass connection parallel to the expansion machine is advantageous since steam can be conducted past the steam accumulator via the bypass connection to the expansion machine and thus heat energy can also be released via the condenser to a connected cooling circuit.
Besonders vorteilhaft ist eine Anordnung des Dampfspeichers in einer Bypassverbindung, wenn der Dampfspeicher über ein Mehrwegventil mit der Bypassverbindung verbunden ist, da dies eine sichere Möglichkeit ist die Aufnahme und Abgabe des Dampfes in alle möglichen Richtungen zu steuern. Des Weiteren kann durch das Mehrwegventil der Dampf direkt vom Wärmetauscher am Dampfspeicher vorbei zum Kondensator geleitet werden. Dies ist von Vorteil, wenn der Dampfspeicher keinen Dampf aufnehmen kann oder der Dampf keine ausreichende Qualität durch eine zu geringe Überhitzung hat. Particularly advantageous is an arrangement of the steam accumulator in a bypass connection when the steam accumulator is connected via a multi-way valve with the bypass connection, since this is a sure way to control the absorption and release of the steam in all possible directions. Furthermore, the steam can be routed directly from the heat exchanger on the steam storage to the condenser through the multi-way valve. This is advantageous if the steam storage can not absorb steam or the steam is not sufficient quality due to low overheating.
Als besonders kostengünstige Lösung für einen Dampfspeicher in einer Bypassverbindung parallel zur Expansionsmaschine zeigen sich der Einsatz eines regelbaren Ventils auf der dem Wärmetauscher zugewandten Seite und der Einsatz eines Überströmventils auf der gegenüberliegenden Seite. Durch das regelbare Ventil kann der Dampf gezielt vom Dampfspeicher aufgenommen und abgegeben werden, während das Überströmventil verhindert, dass im Dampfspeicher ein zu hoher Druck entsteht.As a particularly cost-effective solution for a steam accumulator in a bypass connection parallel to the expansion machine, the use of a controllable valve on the side facing the heat exchanger and the use of a spill valve on the opposite side. The adjustable valve allows the steam to be picked up and discharged in a targeted manner by the steam accumulator, while the overflow valve prevents the steam accumulator from generating too high a pressure.
Vorteilhaft ist die Reduzierung von Druckpulsationen und Druckschwingungen, indem Dampf aus dem Dampfspeicher abgegeben und/oder vom Dampfspeicher aufgenommen wird, da keine Kosten durch weitere Bauteile zur Unterdrückung von Druckschwingungen entstehen.Advantageously, the reduction of pressure pulsations and pressure oscillations by steam is discharged from the steam accumulator and / or absorbed by the steam accumulator, since no costs are incurred by other components to suppress pressure oscillations.
Durch die Aufnahme und Abgabe von Dampf über den Dampfspeicher durch das regelbare Ventil zur Regelung des Verdampfungsdruckes können weiter Bauteile wie z. B. zusätzliche Speichervolumen für das Arbeitsmedium im dampfförmigen oder flüssigen Zustand eingespart werden.By receiving and delivery of steam through the steam storage through the controllable valve to control the evaporation pressure further components such. B. additional storage volume for the working medium can be saved in the vapor or liquid state.
Zeichnungdrawing
Ausführungsbeispiele der Erfindung sind in der Zeichnung dargestellt und in der nachfolgenden Beschreibung näher erläutert. Es zeigen:Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the drawings and explained in more detail in the following description. Show it:
Beschreibung der Ausführungsbeispiele Description of the embodiments
Die
Die Brennkraftmaschine
Die Brennkraftmaschine
Der Wärmetauscher
In der Leitung
Die Leitung
Als Arbeitsmedium kann Wasser eingesetzt werden oder eine andere Flüssigkeit, die den thermodynamischen Anforderungen entspricht. Das Arbeitsmedium erfährt beim durchströmen des Leitungskreises
Beim Ausführungsbeispiel in
Vom Wärmetauscher
Die Abzweigleitung
In
Um Dampf aufzunehmen kann das Mehrwegventil
Falls eine Lastanforderung der Expansionsmaschine
Falls keine Lastanforderung der Expansionsmaschine
Soll der erwärmte Dampf an der Expansionsmaschine
Über das regelbare Ventil
Wird über das regelbare Ventil
Alle dargestellten Ausführungsformen der Erfindung können vom Wärmetauscher
Die Dampfaufnahme und Dampfentnahme aus dem Dampfspeicher
Durch die aktive Kontrolle der Dampfaufnahme und Dampfabgabe des Dampfspeichers
Durch die aktive Kontrolle der Dampfaufnahme und Dampfabgabe des Dampfspeichers
ZITATE ENTHALTEN IN DER BESCHREIBUNG QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION
Diese Liste der vom Anmelder aufgeführten Dokumente wurde automatisiert erzeugt und ist ausschließlich zur besseren Information des Lesers aufgenommen. Die Liste ist nicht Bestandteil der deutschen Patent- bzw. Gebrauchsmusteranmeldung. Das DPMA übernimmt keinerlei Haftung für etwaige Fehler oder Auslassungen.This list of the documents listed by the applicant has been generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.
Zitierte PatentliteraturCited patent literature
- DE 102006057247 A1 [0002] DE 102006057247 A1 [0002]
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (4)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102010042401A DE102010042401A1 (en) | 2010-10-13 | 2010-10-13 | Device and method for waste heat utilization of an internal combustion engine |
US13/879,305 US20130192225A1 (en) | 2010-10-13 | 2011-09-07 | Device and method for the recovery of waste heat of an internal combustion engine |
PCT/EP2011/065468 WO2012048959A1 (en) | 2010-10-13 | 2011-09-07 | Device and method for the recovery of waste heat of an internal combustion engine |
CN201180049026.XA CN103154442B (en) | 2010-10-13 | 2011-09-07 | Device and method for the recovery of waste heat of an internal combustion engine |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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DE102010042401A DE102010042401A1 (en) | 2010-10-13 | 2010-10-13 | Device and method for waste heat utilization of an internal combustion engine |
Publications (1)
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DE102010042401A1 true DE102010042401A1 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
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DE102010042401A Withdrawn DE102010042401A1 (en) | 2010-10-13 | 2010-10-13 | Device and method for waste heat utilization of an internal combustion engine |
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US (1) | US20130192225A1 (en) |
CN (1) | CN103154442B (en) |
DE (1) | DE102010042401A1 (en) |
WO (1) | WO2012048959A1 (en) |
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- 2011-09-07 CN CN201180049026.XA patent/CN103154442B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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DE102012222035B4 (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2019-10-31 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | A method of operating a system for recovering energy from a waste heat stream of an internal combustion engine |
DE102012222035A1 (en) * | 2012-12-03 | 2014-06-05 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Valve timing control device for controlling opening and closing timing of intake and exhaust valves in combustion engine of automobile, has solenoid for controlling changing of hydraulic pressure at hydraulic pressure control valve |
EP2933441A4 (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2016-08-03 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Exhaust heat recovery device for internal combustion engine and exhaust heat recovery method for internal combustion engine |
JP2014118880A (en) * | 2012-12-17 | 2014-06-30 | Isuzu Motors Ltd | Exhaust heat recovery device of internal combustion engine and exhaust heat recovery method of internal combustion engine |
WO2014096892A1 (en) * | 2012-12-19 | 2014-06-26 | Renault Trucks | Engine arrangement comprising a separate heat storage device |
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DE102013213581A1 (en) * | 2013-07-11 | 2015-01-15 | Mahle International Gmbh | Heat recovery system for an internal combustion engine |
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WO2015067434A1 (en) * | 2013-11-06 | 2015-05-14 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Method for operating a system for recovering energy from a waste heat stream of an internal-combustion engine |
EP2927438A1 (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-10-07 | Mtu Friedrichshafen Gmbh | System for a thermodynamic cycle process, control device for a system for a thermodynamic cycle process, method for operating a system, and assembly with a combustion engine and a system |
US10323546B2 (en) | 2014-05-19 | 2019-06-18 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft Zur Foerderung Der Angewandten Forschung E.V. | Method for recovering heat from internal combustion engines and for converting the recovered heat into mechanical energy |
WO2015176812A1 (en) * | 2014-05-19 | 2015-11-26 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Method for recovering heat from internal combustion engines and for converting the recovered heat into mechanical energy |
DE102016215836A1 (en) | 2016-04-12 | 2017-10-12 | Mahle International Gmbh | Apparatus and method for energy recovery |
WO2017178537A1 (en) | 2016-04-12 | 2017-10-19 | Mahle International Gmbh | Device and method for recovering energy |
DE102017006171B4 (en) | 2016-07-07 | 2021-10-21 | Scania Cv Ab | Arrangement for the recovery of thermal energy in exhaust gases from an internal combustion engine |
DE102016218462B4 (en) | 2016-09-26 | 2022-07-14 | Rolls-Royce Solutions GmbH | Arrangement with a system for carrying out a thermodynamic cycle and an internal combustion engine, and method for operating such an arrangement |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2012048959A1 (en) | 2012-04-19 |
CN103154442A (en) | 2013-06-12 |
CN103154442B (en) | 2015-05-20 |
US20130192225A1 (en) | 2013-08-01 |
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