DE102010028823A1 - Demand-dependent control and/or grading of output power of energy-powered energy converter by geothermal and/or regenerative energy, where energy converter converts electrical energy into hydrogen in process powered by water electrolysis - Google Patents

Abstract

The method for demand-dependent control and/or grading of an output power of energy-powered energy converter by geothermal and/or regenerative energy, is claimed. The energy converter converts an electrical energy into hydrogen in a process powered by water electrolysis, where the hydrogen is converted to a hydride with a carrier material (2) to be supplied to consumer via a pump. The hydrogen is produced in a high pressure electrolyzer (4a) and the carrier material is hydrogenated in an autoclave. The method for demand-dependent control and/or grading of an output power of energy-powered energy converter by geothermal and/or regenerative energy, is claimed. The energy converter converts an electrical energy into hydrogen in a process powered by water electrolysis, where the hydrogen is converted to a hydride with a carrier material (2) to be supplied to consumer via a pump. The hydrogen is produced in a high pressure electrolyzer (4a) and the carrier material is hydrogenated in an autoclave. The hydrogen produced by the electrolyzer is used under exploitation of the pressure in the autoclave for loading of the carrier material. An exchange of the carrier material and hydride takes place between consumers and autoclave simultaneously in the mutual exchange. An independent claim is included for a device.

Description

The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for generating and storing hydrogen for stationary and transient consumption according to the preamble of the first claim.

According to the prior art, hydrogen can be generated in a high-pressure electrolyzer, in particular with regeneratively generated electricity. Furthermore, according to the prior art, a liquid hydride can be loaded in an autoclave, in particular with regeneratively produced hydrogen. In this way, carbon dioxide-free generated hydrogen can be permanently stored and transported in chemically bound form at ambient pressure and ambient temperature. The required individual components, autoclave and high-pressure electrolyzer, are today's industrial standard.

An autoclave is a gas-tight sealable pressure vessel, which is used for the thermal treatment of substances in the overpressure range. In general, processes in which gases have to be reacted under pressure are carried out in autoclaves, for example hydrogenation with hydrogen.

A high-pressure electrolyzer, for example with specification Power: 5 kW, max. Pressure: 120 bar, temperature: 80 ° C, decomposes water by means of electricity and produces pure hydrogen with an efficiency of about 90%.

Thus, the energetic functions of hydrogen, its storage capacity and its transportability, can be used for the following applications:
The storage of large amounts of fluctuating solar power both in island systems and in the overall system, when very high regenerative shares are desired and conventional load management or storage is no longer sufficient.

The transport of solar energy over larger, intercontinental distances.

The demand for zero emission either in local areas or in the whole energy system (CO2-free energy system). This requires the supply of users even in areas that are difficult or impossible to access (eg traffic, especially aviation, parts of industrial high-temperature heat demand) Short-term and medium-term use segments are only in this area, for example as a niche market in the Traffic, accessible.

The DE 10 2004 030 717 A1 describes an apparatus and method for on-demand regulation and smoothing of the output power of a geothermal and regenerative energy powered energy converter, the method being characterized inter alia by energizing it from a geothermal and regenerative source and in a conversion process electrical energy is converted and supplied to a consumer along with a water-fed electrolysis process, wherein the electrical energy in the electrolysis process is converted into hydrogen and oxygen is released as a fission product, which feeds an oxygen source, while the hydrogen is a hydrogen consumer to a part and with another part a synthesis gas process is fed. The device is characterized, inter alia, by the fact that the electrolyzer system is an electrochemical cell and a PEM fuel cell.

In general, hydrogen produced by means of electrolysis from regeneratively produced electricity is subject to cost disadvantages compared to conventional generation by, for example, natural gas reforming. Current research into the cost of producing hydrogen involves the conversion of regeneratively generated electricity into hydrogen by means of an electrolyzer. Furthermore, line costs or transport costs for the electricity or the hydrogen produced must be taken into account. The non-storability of the generated electricity and transport losses of pure hydrogen contribute to the still high costs.

The equipment required for the operation of a high-pressure electrolyzer and an autoclave, stands for a small plant capacity and low operating costs, as required for a highly decentralized application - such as for the loading of carrier material to LOHC in the customer-friendly private environment, opposite.

The measures proposed here with regard to the hydrogenation relate to the loading of each pumpable or eligible hydride with hydrogen, in particular to liquid hydrides, for example liquid organic hydrides, in particular those which belong to the group of carbazoles. Hereinafter, such a material in the hydrogen-loaded state is referred to as "LOHC" and in the partially or fully discharged state as the "carrier material".

The object of the present invention is to provide an expanded energy management concept for a decentralized supply of a consumer operated by LOHC, in particular of a motor vehicle, which requires little apparatus and control technology Low initial cost maintenance and safe to operate.

The object is achieved with the characterizing features of claim 1. Further embodiments of the invention will become apparent from the dependent claims.

According to the invention, a method for demand-dependent control and / or smoothing the output of a, in particular geothermal and / or regenerative, energy-powered energy converter, in a conversion process, electrical energy via a water-powered electrolysis process in hydrogen which is supplied to a consumer by converting it with a carrier material to a pumpable and / or eligible hydride and this is taken up by the consumer, characterized in that the hydrogen is produced in a high-pressure electrolyzer and the carrier material is hydrogenated in an autoclave in which the hydrogen produced by the high-pressure electrolyzer is used to load the carrier material by utilizing the resulting pressure in the autoclave.

This has the advantage that with the method described a direct, quasi-simultaneous loading of carrier material with timely, for example from solar power, generated hydrogen is made possible which allows the storage of regeneratively generated energy. The storage of the hydrogen takes place in the lossless storable and easily transportable hydride storage medium by means of the claimed method cost minimized.

A preferred method is characterized in that an exchange of carrier material and hydride between the consumer and autoclave takes place simultaneously in mutual exchange.

The exchange of LOHC, so re-loaded carrier material, and the outside of the arrangement - especially in a double chamber of a vehicle operated with LOHC - discharged unloaded carrier material can be done without buffer directly from the vehicle tank into the arrangement while the same time delivers the LOHC in the vehicle. This pendulum refueling, which is possible with the arrangement, advantageously allows the simultaneous refueling and emptying of a double-chamber tank, in particular on the vehicle side, without having to provide a further intermediate storage tank for this purpose. Furthermore, the only partial refueling and emptying of a particular on-board dual chamber tank, whereby the vehicle operating range can be optimally extended even with only short distances or only short periods between two vehicle refueling.

An advantageous device for carrying out the method is characterized in that pressure-carrying housing parts of high-pressure electrolyzer and autoclave are structurally and / or functionally integrated. For example, a functional integration may advantageously be characterized in that pressure-type housing of high-pressure electrolyzer and autoclave are connected by a hydrogen-carrying pressure pipeline, while structural integration may be characterized in that the high-pressure electrolyzer and autoclave are arranged in a common pressure vessel.

This creates an inherently safe to operate arrangement. The integrated arrangement minimizes the system configuration to the components that are required for immediate operation and operation. With the integration of the high-pressure electrolyzer and autoclave, the integration of the control or regulation and monitoring of their separate operating processes is accompanied, thus contributing to the simplification of the overall control effort and creates the prerequisite for increased operational safety by limiting the operating conditions, in particular by regulating the power supply to the high-pressure electrolyzer as a function of the reaction pressure or the operating pressure limit in the autoclave. Furthermore, the inherent reliability especially against overpressure in the autoclave is made by the fact that the hydrogen production rate of the high-pressure electrolyzer is structurally limited to the hydrogen production rate, the waste heat with optimal reloading of the carrier material from the outer wall of the pressure vessel without cooling device passive in the environment can be dissipated. Overheating or burning through of the system is thus systematically excludable for all conceivable fault conditions.

Due to the minimized number and reduced complexity of their components, the integrated arrangement of high-pressure electrolyzer and autoclave is simple and inexpensive to produce and reliable, low-maintenance and safe to operate.

Preferably, the common pressure vessel is that of the autoclave, in the gas space of which the high-pressure electrolyzer is arranged. Thus, the simplest possible structure is achieved, in particular if the carrier material to be loaded is located in the pressure vessel and leads into the pressure vessel into a line for electrical current and a line for oxygen.

In the case of a functional integration, however, it is advantageous if the substrate to be loaded is in the pressure vessel and if at least one line for electrical power and at least one line for oxygen into the high-pressure electrolyzer leads into it.

Other structural designs can be added as needed. Thus, for example, within the pressure vessel, a material acting as a catalyst, for. As platinum or a platinum-containing mixture, be arranged, also sensors, for example pressure or temperature sensors, may be arranged. Furthermore, a stirrer, for example a mechanical stirrer, with which in particular a thorough mixing of carrier material and catalyst is achieved. It can also be a splash guard, for example, as a firmly attached sheet steel or a permeable ceramic fiber mat can be arranged, with which can advantageously produce zones of different temperature in the pressure vessel. Furthermore, the junction of the hydrogen-conducting pressure tube can be arranged so that in operation, the incoming hydrogen gas flows through the carrier material, for example, such that the rising gas bubbles, as a component of the gas space, increase the effective reaction area between the gas space and the carrier material, or Mixing of carrier material and catalyst material contribute. A heater, for example a catalytic hydrogen heating element operated by hydrogen gas supplied via the pressure line, can be used to increase the temperature in the pressure vessel. Furthermore, the arrangement may include shut-off devices, for example, valve cocks or flow restrictors, in particular Venturi orifices, with which a controlled flow of hydrogen gas or carrier material or LOHC is made possible. An LOHC delivery pump, in particular a gear pump, can be arranged so that in particular the filling of the pressure vessel or the pressure build-up in the pressure vessel is made possible with this. In particular, gas or liquids, for example cleaning agents, can be introduced into the arrangement via further connections, in particular pipe fittings or quick-action couplings.

The integrated high-pressure electrolyzer and autoclave arrangement can be integrated into an extended energy management concept, in particular in the decentralized private sector of the user of a LOHC-powered vehicle, with the following advantages:
Use of self-generated renewable electricity, in particular from solar cells or a combined heat and power plant to operate the high-pressure electrolyzer;
Use of self-generated electricity surpluses z. B. - from solar cells or a combined heat and power plant, especially at (day) times low public feed-in tariffs;
Use of publicly offered surplus electricity, in particular cheaper downstream electricity or electricity for load buffering of a public power grid;
Economic optimization of the use of self-generated electricity, in particular by means of a control device by simultaneous consideration of instantaneous feed-in tariffs and the reloading state of the carrier material;
Use of the considerable amount of waste heat during the reloading of the carrier material, in particular by introducing this heat into a store for hot water supply or to support a heating z. B. by return flow increase;
Combination with a hydrogen pressure accumulator, in which, especially at times of solar power surplus and at the same time already loaded carrier material, excess hydrogen can be temporarily stored up to the maximum discharge pressure of the high-pressure electrolyzer. This quasi-free hydrogen will be available in due course to other hydrogen uses, in particular a hydrogen gas stove or a catalytic heater. In some cases, this hydrogen can even be used again for later loading of carrier material if, for example, after refueling alternately, no cheap electricity is available for recharging.

In the following, the invention will be explained with reference to four exemplary embodiments. Essential to the invention may be all features described in more detail. Like reference numbers in different figures indicate the same components. Show it:

1 : a device according to the invention for carrying out a method for generating and storing hydrogen for stationary and transient consumption with a high-pressure electrolyzer and an autoclave in a schematic representation,

2 A second embodiment of a device according to the invention 1 with a control device,

3 A third embodiment of a device according to the invention 1 with a device for simultaneous filling and emptying of the autoclave and

4 A fourth embodiment of a device according to the invention 3 with further facilities for the design of the operating environment.

1 shows a structurally integrated hydrogen production and carrier recharging system in which a high pressure electrolyzer 4a and an autoclave in a joint pressure vessel 1 are arranged, that of the pressure vessel 1 of the autoclave is formed, in the gas space 3 the high-pressure electrolyzer 4a is arranged. In this embodiment, pressure-carrying housing parts of high-pressure electrolyzer 4a and autoclave constructively integrated. The carrier material to be loaded 2 is in the pressure vessel 1 , wherein by a pressure-bearing part of the pressure vessel 1 through at least one electric current conducting line 5 and at least one pressure-resistant oxygen-conducting pressure pipeline 6 leads.

This device serves a method for demand-dependent regulation and / or smoothing of the output power of the, in particular geothermal and / or regenerative, energy-fed energy converter, which converts electrical energy into hydrogen in a conversion process via a water-fed electrolysis process, which is supplied to a consumer by contacting with the carrier material 2 converted to a pumpable and / or eligible hydride and this is absorbed by the consumer. The hydrogen is thus in the high-pressure electrolyzer 4a generated and the carrier material 2 is hydrogenated in an autoclave, whereby the high-pressure electrolyzer 4a produced hydrogen using the resulting pressure in the autoclave to load the carrier material is used.

At the in 2 illustrated structurally integrated hydrogen production and carrier material recharging system form the drucktagenden parts of the housing of the high-pressure electrolyzer 4b and the pressure vessel 1 of the autoclave through a pressure-bearing connection 7 , which is designed as a hydrogen-conducting pressure tube, a common pressure chamber. Pressurized housing parts of high-pressure electrolyzer 4b and autoclave are functionally integrated here. Furthermore leads to the high-pressure electrolyzer 4b at least one electric current conducting line 5 and at least one oxygen conducting pipeline 6 and in the pressure vessel 1 is the carrier material 2 arranged and a gas room 3 available. One in the lead 5 arranged, switching electrical current switching element 10 , in particular a switching relay, and a static pressure-sensing component 11 , In particular, a piezoelectric pressure sensor, with its location with the gas space 3 is connected or arranged in this, are via signals leading lines 9a . 9b with a control unit 8th , in particular a microcontroller connected.

In the in the 1 and 2 illustrated devices, integration of the operating and process operations can cause the generation of hydrogen in the high pressure electrolyzer 4a . 4b and the reloading of the carrier material 2 in the pressure vessel 1 with this hydrogen is temporally and locally substantially directly linked, in particular by the fact that the generated hydrogen mass flow through the pressure line 7 in the gas space 3 flows in or over the carrier material 2 even in the gas room 3 bubbles in and from the substrate 2 under at least temporarily approximately unchanged pressure in the pressure vessel 1 becomes chemically bound.

• – das Volumen des wiederzubeladenden Trägermaterials 2 liegt typischerweise zwischen 20 ltr und 400 ltr,
• – der statische Betriebsdruck im Druckgefäß 1 und gegebenenfalls im drucktragenden Gehäuse des Hochdruck-Elektrolyseurs 4b und in der Druckleitung 7 liegt typischerweise zwischen 40 bar und 130 bar,
• – die Betriebstemperatur im Trägermaterial 2 liegt typischerweise zwischen 80°C und 250°C oder für Carbazole vorzugsweise zwischen 130°C und 200°C,
• – die Betriebszyklen, in denen die Wiederbeladung des Trägermaterials 2 erfolgt, liegen typischerweise zwischen 2 Stunden und einem Tag.

In addition, the following device and method features are advantageous:

• - The volume of the substrate to be reloaded 2 is typically between 20 ltr and 400 ltr,
• - the static operating pressure in the pressure vessel 1 and optionally in the pressure-bearing housing of the high-pressure electrolyzer 4b and in the pressure line 7 typically between 40 and 130 bar,
• - the operating temperature in the carrier material 2 is typically between 80 ° C and 250 ° C or for carbazoles preferably between 130 ° C and 200 ° C,
• - the operating cycles in which the reloading of the carrier material 2 typically takes between 2 hours and one day.

However, the above-mentioned numerical values of the typical operating volumes, pressures, temperatures or time courses in individual design cases may also deviate significantly, for example, external operating boundary conditions, in particular the availability of solar power or the service life of the LOHC when one or more vehicles are being driven. to take into account.

• – ein druckgeregelter integrierter Betrieb von Hochdruck-Elektrolyseur 4b und Autoklav realisieren, bei dem der Gasdruck im Autoklav, im Druckgefäß 1, als Führungsgröße für die Stromzufuhr in den Hochdruck-Elektrolyseur 4b dient,
• – die Herstellung des Betriebsdrucks im Druckgefäß 1 durch Betriebsvorlauf des Hochdruck-Elektrolyseurs 4b und damit ohne weitere Druckerzeuger, wie zum Beispiel eine LOHC-Hochdruck-Pumpe, umsetzen,
• – der Gasraum 3 als ein Zwischenspeicher für Wasserstoff verwenden, aus dem zum Beispiel zum Anheizen eines umgebungskalten Autoklavs Wasserstoff zum Betrieb eines katalytischen Startheizers noch vor Betriebsbereitschaft des Hochdruck-Elektrolyseurs 4b entnommen werden kann, oder mit dem Lastspitzen des Hochdruck-Elektrolyseurs 4b gedämpft werden können
• – Wasserstoff als Inertgas im Gasraum 3 verwenden, mit dem zum Beispiel das Eindringen von Luftsauerstoff bzw. die Oxidation des Trägermaterials oder des LOHC vermieden werden kann.

With the extended arrangement in 2 is shown, can be

• - a pressure-controlled integrated operation of high pressure electrolyzer 4b and autoclave, in which the gas pressure in the autoclave, in the pressure vessel 1 , as a reference for the power supply to the high pressure electrolyzer 4b serves,
• - The production of the operating pressure in the pressure vessel 1 by operating flow of the high-pressure electrolyzer 4b and thus implement without further pressure generators, such as a LOHC high pressure pump,
• - the gas space 3 use as a buffer for hydrogen, for example, for heating an ambient cold autoclave hydrogen to operate a catalytic starting heater before the operational readiness of the high-pressure electrolyzer 4b can be removed, or with the load peaks of the high-pressure electrolyzer 4b can be damped
• - Hydrogen as inert gas in the gas space 3 use, for example, with the penetration of atmospheric oxygen or the oxidation of the support material or the LOHC can be avoided.

In 3 is, in addition to the 1 or 2 , the pressure vessel 1 enclosed pressure chamber through a partition wall 12 divided so tightly that the carrier material 2 can be arranged in one of two separate areas, both to the gas space 3 are open, with the other, not with carrier material 2 stuffed area, then part of the gas space 3 is. The two have through the partition 12 in the pressure vessel 1 each produced a separate pipe connection, which are both components of a pipe-valve-pump assembly 13 are with the pressure vessel 1 and the line couplings of the loading and Enttankungsleitungen 14 a particular on-board double chamber tanks are connected. Furthermore, the pipe-valve-pump arrangement 13 at the same time two self-contained pipe connections between each one of the through the partition 12 separate areas in the pressure vessel 1 and one of each of the connections 14 the dual-chamber memory ago and the assignment of these pipe connections, in particular by switching valves, for example, 3-way valves, can be replaced, or the pipe connections can be pressure-tight locked.

By means of this device, it is possible between a particular vehicle-side, not shown double-chamber tank, whose one chamber to refuel with LOHC and the other chamber of carrier material is to be reimbursed, and in the 1 and 2 described devices to produce a pipeline connection, with the contained in the double-chamber tank wiederzubeladende support material and at the same time in the pressure vessel 1 contained already reloaded LOHC can be pumped around, in particular in such a pendulum mode that this no additional buffer for short-term recording of one of the umzupumpenden materials is required. In the process, an exchange of carrier material takes place 2 and hydride LOHC between consumer and autoclave at the same time in mutual exchange.

4 shows an arrangement like 3 , with the difference that instead of the dividing wall 12 here a flexible separating element 15 , For example, a plastic film is arranged, in particular one which, under the action of the geodetically generated static pressure in the by the carrier material 2 formed, in particular liquid, material column can be flexibly deformed and so in the pressure vessel 1 arranged and fixed, that is in the pressure vessel 1 Volume usable for reloading around the originally separated and to the gas space 3 extended area.

• – wenigstens ein Photovoltaik-Solarpanel 16a oder eine elektrischen Strom wandelnde Einrichtung 16b, z. B. ein DC/DC-Wandler, ist mit der elektrischen Strom führenden Leitung 5 verbunden;
• – innerhalb eines Blockheizkraftwerks ist wenigstens ein in 4 nicht dargestellter elektrischen Strom erzeugender Generator 17a oder eine ebenfalls in 4 nicht dargestellte elektrischen Strom wandelnde Einrichtung 17b, z. B. ein DC/DC-Wandler, mit der elektrischen Strom führenden Leitung 5 verbunden;
• – eine mit einem öffentlichen Stromversorgungsnetz verbundene Messeinrichtung 18, insbesondere ein Stromzähler, ist mit der elektrischen Strom führenden Leitung 5 verbunden;
• – ein Wasserstoff-Hochdruckspeicher 21a, z. B. eine 200 bar-Druckflasche, oder eine Absperreinrichtung 21b, z. B. ein Absperrventil, ist über eine Wasserstoff führende Druckrohrleitung 21c mit der Leitung 7 verbunden;
• – ein Wärmespeicher 20a, insbesondere ein Warmwasserspeicher oder z. B. ein Latentwärmespeicher, ist mittels wenigstens einer Wärmeüberträgermedium führenden Leitung 20b, z. B. einer zum Kühlkreislauf des Autoklavs gehörenden Kühlmittelleitung, mit dem Druckgefäß 1 oder einem Teil des zum Autoklav gehöhrenden Kühlkreislaufs verbunden;
• – ein Wärmespeicher 20a, insbesondere ein Warmwasserspeicher oder z. B. ein Latentwärmespeicher, ist mittels wenigstens einer Wärmeüberträgermedium führenden Leitung 20c, z. B. einer zum Kühlkreislauf des Hochdruck-Elektrolyseurs 4b gehörenden Kühlmittelleitung, mit dem Hochdruck-Elektrolyseur 4b oder einem Teil des zum Hochdruck-Elektrolyseur 4b gehöhrenden Kühlkreislaufs verbunden;
• – das Druckgefäß 1 und der Wärmespeicher 20a sind mit wenigstens einem Teil ihrer funktionsnotwendigen Wandungen als ein gemeinsames, Wärme leitendes Bauteil ausgestaltet, insbesondere durch eine gemeinsame Druckgefäß-Speicherwand-Fläche, die sowohl mit dem Trägermaterial 2 und dem Wärmeträgermedium in Speicher 20a, insbesondere mit Wasser, in thermisch leitenden Körperkontakt steht, insbesondere auch eine Anordnung, bei der das Druckgefäß 1 innerhalb des Speichers 20a angeordnet ist;
• – der Hochdruck-Elektrolyseur 4b und der Wärmespeicher 20a sind mit wenigstens einem Teil ihrer funktionsnotwendigen Wandungen als ein gemeinsames, Wärme leitendes Bauteil ausgestaltet, insbesondere durch eine gemeinsame – Hochdruck-Elektrolyseur-Speicherwand-Fläche, die sowohl mit dem Hochdruck-Elektrolyseur 4b und dem Wärmeträgermedium in Speicher 20a, insbesondere mit Wasser, in thermisch leitenden Körperkontakt steht, insbesondere auch eine Anordnung, bei der der Hochdruck-Elektrolyseur 4b innerhalb des Speichers 20a angeordnet ist.

Furthermore, further embodiments have been made in this device in the wider operating environment. The device is integrated into an expanded energy management concept, in particular the following combinations of features are implemented together or individually:

• - at least one photovoltaic solar panel 16a or an electric current converting device 16b , z. As a DC / DC converter, is connected to the electrical power line 5 connected;
• - Within a combined heat and power plant is at least one in 4 unillustrated electric power generating generator 17a or one also in 4 not shown electric current converting device 17b , z. As a DC / DC converter, with the electrical power line leading 5 connected;
• - a measuring system connected to a public electricity supply network 18 , especially an electricity meter, is connected to the electric power line 5 connected;
• - a high-pressure hydrogen storage 21a , z. B. a 200 bar pressure bottle, or a shut-off device 21b , z. As a shut-off valve, is via a hydrogen-carrying penstock 21c with the line 7 connected;
• - a heat storage 20a , in particular a hot water tank or z. B. a latent heat storage, is by means of at least one heat transfer medium leading line 20b , z. B. a belonging to the cooling circuit of the autoclave coolant line, with the pressure vessel 1 or part of the autoclave's associated cooling circuit;
• - a heat storage 20a , in particular a hot water tank or z. B. a latent heat storage, is by means of at least one heat transfer medium leading line 20c , z. B. one to the cooling circuit of the high-pressure electrolyzer 4b belonging coolant line, with the high-pressure electrolyzer 4b or part of the high pressure electrolyzer 4b affiliated cooling circuit connected;
• - the pressure vessel 1 and the heat storage 20a are configured with at least a part of their functionally necessary walls as a common, heat-conducting component, in particular by a common pressure vessel-storage wall surface, both with the carrier material 2 and the heat transfer medium in memory 20a , in particular with water, is in thermally conductive body contact, in particular also an arrangement in which the pressure vessel 1 inside the store 20a is arranged;
• - the high pressure electrolyzer 4b and the heat storage 20a are configured with at least a part of their functionally necessary walls as a common, heat-conducting component, in particular by a common - high-pressure electrolyzer storage wall surface, with both the high-pressure electrolyzer 4b and the heat transfer medium in memory 20a , in particular with water, is in thermally conductive body contact, in particular also an arrangement in which the high-pressure electrolyzer 4b inside the store 20a is arranged.

With such an extended device according to 4 can be in the 1 to 3 described devices favorably connect with customer-related operating needs in the production and use of particular electricity and heat energy in the decentralized especially private sector.

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

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Cited patent literature

• DE 102004030717 A1 [0008]

Claims (8)

A method for demand-dependent control and / or smoothing the output of a, in particular geothermally and / or regeneratively generated, energy-powered energy converter, which converts electrical energy in a conversion process via a water-powered electrolysis process in hydrogen, the consumer supplied by a carrier material ( 2 ) is converted to a pumpable and / or eligible hydride and this is taken up by the consumer, characterized in that the hydrogen in a high-pressure electrolyzer ( 4a . 4b ) and the carrier material ( 2 ) is hydrogenated in an autoclave, wherein the high-pressure electrolyzer ( 4a . 4b ) generated hydrogen using the resulting pressure in the autoclave to load the carrier material ( 2 ) is used. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that an exchange of carrier material ( 2 ) and hydride between the consumer and autoclave takes place simultaneously in mutual exchange. Device for carrying out the method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that pressure-carrying housing parts of high-pressure electrolyzer ( 4a . 4b ) and autoclave are structurally and / or functionally integrated. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the high-pressure electrolyzer ( 4b ) and the autoclave are functionally integrated by their pressure-sensitive housing by a hydrogen-carrying penstock ( 7 ) are connected. Apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that the high-pressure electrolyzer ( 4a ) and the autoclave are structurally integrated by placing them in a common pressure vessel ( 1 ) are arranged. Apparatus according to claim 5, characterized in that the common pressure vessel ( 1 ) that of the autoclave is in the gas space ( 3 ) of the high-pressure electrolyzer ( 4a ) is arranged. Device according to one of claims 5 or 6, characterized in that the carrier material to be loaded ( 2 ) in the pressure vessel ( 1 ) and that in the pressure vessel ( 1 ) into at least one line ( 5 ) for electrical power and at least one line ( 6 ) for oxygen. Device according to claim 4, characterized in that the carrier material to be loaded ( 2 ) in the pressure vessel ( 1 ) and that in the high pressure electrolyzer ( 4b ) into at least one line ( 5 ) for electrical power and at least one line ( 6 ) for oxygen.

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